International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics最新文献

{"title":"General Variational Formulation of Axisymmetric Capillary Bridges: Modeling Contact Angle Hysteresis and Capillary Forces","authors":"Olivier Millet,&nbsp;Antoine Moreau,&nbsp;Antoine Logerot,&nbsp;Marc Médale","doi":"10.1002/nag.70363","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70363","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents a general framework for deriving the Young–Laplace equation and the Young's equations for an axisymmetric capillary bridge between two parallel plates by minimizing the system's total energy. These Young's equations naturally emerge as boundary conditions associated with the Young–Laplace equation. An additional term accounting for the contact line energy is incorporated into the total energy to model the contact angle hysteresis observed experimentally (advancing and receding contact angles). Minimization of this augmented total energy leads to generalized Young's equations. The proposed approach also provides a consistent and general definition of the corresponding capillary forces.</p>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 12","pages":"4879-4892"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/nag.70363","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148288347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Stability Charts for the Quick Assessment of Soil Slope Stability","authors":"Xianting Yi,&nbsp;Guoliang Dai,&nbsp;Yiyao Zhu,&nbsp;Hongbo Liu,&nbsp;Harianto Rahardjo,&nbsp;Alfrendo Satyanaga,&nbsp;Weiming Gong,&nbsp;Yuan Shen Chua,&nbsp;Qian Zhai","doi":"10.1002/nag.70353","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70353","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The assessment of slope stability is crucial for the evaluation of the landslide risks. In practice, the engineers may need to perform a quick assessment on slope stability in the field, and the stability chart would provide convenience for this purpose. The original stability number chart is a tool that can provide a quick assessment of the soil slope stability from the slope geometry and soil properties. However, the original stability number chart was proposed mainly based on the hand calculation. With the development in computation, there are much more advanced analysis methods available based on the limit equilibrium method as compared method for stability number chart. In this paper, the method of published stability number chart was reviewed, and the limitation of the original chart is highlighted. Subsequently, the factors of safety for slopes with varying slope geometry and soil properties were evaluated using the limit equilibrium software Slope/W. The discrepancies between the results from Slope/W and the original stability number chart were discussed and then validated by comparing with the published cases. It was observed that the published chart only considered slip surface and factor of safety for certain conditions, while the results from Slope/W indicated three types of slip surface and a comprehensive factor of safety. In addition, the former method required iterative trial calculations while the latter method only required searching for charts of the corresponding parameters. Consequently, the new stability charts were proposed from the results of Slope/W for quick assessment of the soil slope stability.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 12","pages":"4743-4763"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148288204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying Cyclic Seismic Damage in Rock Slopes Using Discrete Element Modeling","authors":"Yuqi Li,&nbsp;Yue Yu,&nbsp;Shun Zhao,&nbsp;Yangqing Liu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70371","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70371","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Current research on the damage evolution of slope rocks and slope stability under extreme conditions remains relatively limited. This study established discrete element numerical models for slopes with a weak interlayer and different joint orientations under cyclic seismic waves with 0.2 <i>g</i> peak acceleration, and investigated the cumulative damage process of slope rocks induced by cyclic earthquakes and the evolutionary patterns of contact force chains, displacement, and crack quantities during this process. The results demonstrate that under cyclic seismic loading, for the non-jointed slope, the number of compressive force chains initially increased and then decreased, while tensile force chains showed an opposite trend; for the slope with bedding joints, horizontal cracks first developed and progressively connected with joint planes. As sliding occurred along the joint surfaces, vertical tensile forces developed in the slope with bedding joints, and when these forces exceeded the rock's tensile strength, vertical cracks formed and gradually propagated. Under cyclic seismic loading, the slope with bedding joints exhibited the highest number of cracks and the largest cumulative displacements, followed by the slope with anti–dip joints, while the non–jointed slope showed the minimal values. The findings of this study elucidate the rock damage process in slopes with a weak interlayer under cyclic seismic loading, and provide a theoretical foundation for dynamic stability analysis of rock slopes and prevention of landslide hazards induced by cyclic earthquakes.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 12","pages":"4913-4931"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148288326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Behavior of Compression-Hardening at Crack Closure Stage Explored by Stiffness Rising Model (SRCM) Under Triaxial Compression: A DEM Study","authors":"Junnan Ren,&nbsp;Qixiang Yan,&nbsp;Jiangtao Wei,&nbsp;Yaozhong Cui,&nbsp;Hongchuan Hu,&nbsp;Liufeng Su,&nbsp;Minjie Qiao","doi":"10.1002/nag.70360","DOIUrl":"10.1002/nag.70360","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Native microcracks significantly influence the strength and deformation characteristics during the crack closure stage under triaxial compression. This study proposes a stiffness rising contact model (SRCM) with clear physical significance to describe the stiffness evolution at this stage, implemented within a 2D DEM framework. A series of biaxial rock numerical simulations is successfully conducted using sample dimensions consistent with the ISRM standard. Additionally, a three-step application framework is presented in detail. First, based on triaxial experimental data, the relationship between the secant shear modulus (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${{G}_{sec}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) and deviatoric stress (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;q&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$q$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) during the crack closure phase is accurately described by a power function, with the crack closure threshold serving as the termination point for stiffness variation. &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;G&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;s&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${{G}_{sec}}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; and &lt;i&gt;q&lt;/i&gt; are further characterized through the &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;R&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$S{{R}_m}$&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; parameter in the SRCM and the average normal force (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;⟨&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;f&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;n&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;⟩&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;$ langle {{f}_n} rangle $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) in particle agglomerates. The numerical simulation results for both stiffness rising and constant stiffness behaviors are compared with experimental data from red sandstone. The simulations demonstrate that by defining the crack closure stress (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;σ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;/msub&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt;${{sigma }_{cc}}$","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"50 12","pages":"4846-4862"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148288349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sediment Transportation Mechanism Around Submarine Pipelines on a Slope Seabed","authors":"Boen Li, Fangwei Liu, Huihuan Ma","doi":"10.1002/nag.70405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70405","url":null,"abstract":"Coupled numerical models based on CFD and DEM were developed to analyze the interaction between fluid flow and sediment particles. To enhance simulation efficiency and accuracy, a series of methods were proposed, validated, and applied, including the single‐phase oscillation method, the coarse‐grained method, the porous medium replacement strategy, and a semi‐resolved approach. Numerical simulations were performed to investigate the scour process around a submarine pipeline situated on a slope, specifically examining the effects of slope angle, pipeline suspension height, and wave height. The flow field, forces acting on particles, and particle movement patterns were analyzed. Results indicate that while the slope angle significantly affects the flow pattern, it exerts limited influence on hydrodynamic forces. The decomposition of gravity into components alters the force balance on particles, rendering them more vulnerable to erosion and facilitating downslope transport under wave action.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Relative Permeability Formulations on Hysteretic Seepage in Infinite Slopes","authors":"Diana Bianchi, Rossella Bovolenta, Martino Leoni, Domenico Gallipoli","doi":"10.1002/nag.70406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70406","url":null,"abstract":"The paper investigates the impact of two classical relative permeability formulations, one expressed in terms of pore water pressure and the other in terms of degree of saturation, on the predicted seepage in an infinite slope subjected to surface pore pressure variations. A hysteretic retention law is employed, inducing irreversible changes in hydraulic conductivity during wetting–drying cycles. Two soils with different gradings are analysed and, for each of them, the two relative permeability formulations are matched at a reference point so as to represent the same material. Despite this calibration, the corresponding permeability fields differ significantly over the hysteretic domain, by as much as five orders of magnitude. These discrepancies are mostly the consequence of retention hysteresis and are substantially reduced if a unique, non‐hysteretic retention curve is selected. For reference, a slope model with constant permeability, equal to the maximum saturated value, is also evaluated. The magnitude and rate of the slope response to surface perturbations, the number of cycles to restore equilibrium and the characteristics of the steady state regime all depend on the chosen permeability formulation. Slopes with a constant permeability react rapidly and uniformly, whereas slopes with permeability depending on pore water pressure or degree of saturation display slower, more complex and depth‐attenuated responses, particularly for the finer soil. Overall, the results highlight the need for consistent calibration of both relative permeability and retention hysteresis, while underscoring the limitations of constant permeability models in capturing unsaturated seepage, even when appropriate hysteretic retention laws are adopted.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Interfacial Flow Contact Model for Axisymmetric Consolidation Analysis of Unsaturated‐Saturated Soils Under Continuous Drainage Boundaries","authors":"Dansheng Yu, Minjie Wen, Pan Ding, Yiming Zhang, Yuhui Xu, Manyu Yang","doi":"10.1002/nag.70408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70408","url":null,"abstract":"The tortuous morphology of fluid channels and inherent fluid viscosity cause significant friction and air resistance at the unsaturated‐saturated soil interface. This resistance significantly reduces fluid seepage velocity, leading to an interfacial flow contact resistance effect. To address this, a flow contact transfer coefficient () and a flow partition coefficient () are introduced to establish a general imperfect flow contact model. This model quantitatively describes the resistance encountered by pore water as it seeps across interface channels. Based on this model, semi‐analytical solutions for pore water pressure, pore air pressure, and foundation settlement of unsaturated‐saturated soil foundations with vertical drains under continuous drainage conditions are derived by employing the Laplace transform and the finite Hankel transform. The consolidation behavior of foundations improved by vertical drains is then systematically investigated. Results indicate that the interfacial flow contact resistance effect significantly impedes pore water discharge, inducing a maximum pore water pressure gradient of 32.2 kPa at the interface. Compared with the complete flow contact model, the proposed model exhibits significant consolidation retardation. Specifically, at a depth of 8m, the initial dissipation of pore water pressure is delayed by approximately 11.1 h, and the complete dissipation period is extended by 46.29 days. Furthermore, under weak radial drainage conditions, the time required to reach a settlement of 183 mm is delayed by approximately 69 days.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"157 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148674999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Ambient Moisture and Large‐Strain Dynamic Preloading on the Dynamic Properties of the EAC‐1A Regolith Simulant","authors":"Christos Vrettos","doi":"10.1002/nag.70409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70409","url":null,"abstract":"The EAC‐1A lunar mare simulant, a silty sand, was selected by the European Astronaut Center (EAC) for use in the LUNA analogue facility's lunar simulation testbed. Its stress‐ and strain‐dependent shear modulus and damping ratio were determined via resonant column testing on specimens prepared either from ambient moisture material or oven‐dried material. Significant differences were observed across the strain range. The tests further examined specimen behaviour during unloading from large to small strains and subsequent reloading. The reloading curves were observed to merge with the virgin response curves at the strain corresponding to load reversal, while a notable degradation of the small‐strain modulus due to prior loading was evident. The overall behaviour in terms of shear modulus and damping was captured using simple equations.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148675131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Novel Prediction Method of Shear Strength of CFG Pile Composite Foundation in Soft Soil","authors":"Yiliang Tu, Siyu Ren, Hejun Chai, Zuliang Zhong, Xinrong Liu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70403","url":null,"abstract":"In the equivalent area method, composite foundations are simplified as homogeneous materials, by which the efficiency of shear strength calculation is significantly improved. This method has been widely applied in the quick evaluation of subgrade stability. However, the interaction between piles and soil, as well as the actual failure modes of composite foundations are neglected. As a result, deviations between the predicted and actual shear strength are often observed. In this study, direct shear tests and discrete element numerical simulations were conducted. The shear mechanical properties of CFG pile composite foundations were systematically investigated from both macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. Based on the findings, a modified equivalent area method was proposed and validated. The results indicate that significant differences in the shear strength and failure mode exist between soft soil and CFG piles. As the replacement area radio increases, the shear strength of the composite foundation significantly increases, and the failure mode of the pile changes accordingly. During shearing, the piles and the surrounding soil gradually form a coherent overall structure that undergoes coordinated deformation and jointly bears the shear load. The piles near the shear direction exhibit denser particle displacement, crack distribution, and bond failure, showing a progressive failure pattern. The shear strength calculated by the modified method is more conservative than that obtained by the equivalent area method. The modified method can more accurately reflect the actual situation of the composite foundation.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analytical Solution of Seepage Response Around an Underwater Tunnel With Grouting Ring Under Water Level Fluctuations","authors":"Haoran Lai, Dongmei Zhang, Yiyao Shen, Xiaoyang Guo, Jing Yu","doi":"10.1002/nag.70393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/nag.70393","url":null,"abstract":"Underwater tunnels are sensitive to load variations induced by external water level fluctuations, making accurate prediction of pore pressure on tunnel linings essential for structural safety. Existing analytical studies on transient seepage often neglect the backfill grouting layer, leading to overestimated pore pressures and potentially unsafe design assessments. To address this limitation, this study investigates the transient seepage field within a composite “soil‐grouting ring‐lining” system under two scenarios: surface water level fluctuations (SWF) and groundwater level fluctuations (GWF). Based on the decoupled Biot's consolidation theory and the principle of superposition, a rigorous analytical solution is derived. The accuracy and engineering applicability of the proposed method are strictly validated against numerical simulations and field monitoring data from the Qingchun Road Tunnel in Hangzhou, China. Parametric analyses show that increasing grouting ring permeability reduces pore pressure and improves its distribution uniformity. With increasing soil permeability, pore pressure exhibits a three‐stage nonlinear evolution: rapid rise, gradual increase, and decay to zero. Increasing grouting ring thickness effectively decreases pore pressure, and when the grout‐to‐lining thickness ratio is below 0.5, tunnel diameter has negligible influence. Mechanical properties also play a key role: higher grouting stiffness increases pore pressure but stabilizes beyond a modulus ratio of 0.002, while greater soil shear modulus reduces pore pressure. These findings provide a theoretical basis for improved design of underwater tunnels considering grouting effects.","PeriodicalId":13786,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}