International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"VPA Enhances Pulp Regeneration by Regulating LPS-Induced Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Odontogenic Differentiation","authors":"Zhihua Wang ,&nbsp;Minghao Wang ,&nbsp;Zhirong Luo ,&nbsp;Yi Fu ,&nbsp;Xiaomiao Zhu ,&nbsp;Dongyu Li ,&nbsp;Wenkai Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaogang Cheng ,&nbsp;Chengxiong Cai ,&nbsp;Xiaoru Zhu ,&nbsp;Paul R. Cooper ,&nbsp;Shengchao Wang ,&nbsp;Wenxi He","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100850","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100850","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate the effect of valproic acid (VPA) exposure on pulp inflammation and regeneration.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The effects of VPA on pulp regeneration and reparative dentin formation were examined using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and histological staining in vivo after 3 months of endodontic regenerative procedures (ERPs). In vitro, the effect of VPA on the odontogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) was assessed using mineralization assays following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) exposure. Western blotting, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction were performed to analyze changes in gene and transcript expression. Mineralization and transfection assays were conducted to evaluate the roles of histone deacetylase (HDAC)2 and HDAC5.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three months post-ERPs, CBCT imaging revealed well-sealed crowns and normal root apices with no apparent periapical lesions in all groups. The hDPSCs+VPA group exhibited a greater presence of neoformed connective tissues, dentin-like tissues and odontoblast-like cells compared to the hDPSCs group. Furthermore, mineralization assays demonstrated that VPA enhanced LPS-induced odontoblastic differentiation. In particular, during this process, VPA significantly downregulated the expression of HDAC2 and HDAC5 in hDPSCs treated with VPA and LPS, HDAC2 knockdown reduced odontoblastic protein production and the calcified nodules formation, while HDAC5 inhibition promoted odontoblastic differentiation in hDPSCs. Overexpression of HDAC2 or HDAC5 in the presence of VPA and LPS played the opposite role during the odontoblastic differentiation of hDPSCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated that VPA improved pulp regeneration by regulating LPS-induced odontogenic differentiation of hDPSCs, primarily through modulation of HDAC2 and HDAC5 activity.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>These data demonstrate that VPA is a highly effective pharmacological candidate for dental pulp maintenance and regeneration, highlighting its clinical significance in restorative dentistry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100850"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144241474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to ‘Treating buccal abscess from residual root in edentulous patient’ [International Dental Journal, Volume 74, Supplement 1, October 2024, Page S247]","authors":"Berkan Duman,&nbsp;Gülce Ecem Doğancalı,&nbsp;Abdulkadir Burak Çankaya,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Erdem","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100791"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Multi-National Questionnaire-Based Analysis of Dental Students’ Knowledge of the Management of Deep Caries and the Exposed Pulp","authors":"Venkateshbabu Nagendrababu ,&nbsp;Arindam Dutta ,&nbsp;Ana Arias ,&nbsp;Aleksandar Jakovljevic ,&nbsp;Ahmed Hieawy ,&nbsp;Frank C. Setzer ,&nbsp;Jugoslav Ilic ,&nbsp;Milos Beloica ,&nbsp;Meric Karapinar Kazandag ,&nbsp;Nandini Suresh ,&nbsp;Paul V. Abbott ,&nbsp;Raghavendra M. Shetty ,&nbsp;Srinivasan Narasimhan ,&nbsp;Victoria SH Yu ,&nbsp;Vellore Kannan Gopinath ,&nbsp;Ya Shen ,&nbsp;Henry F. Duncan","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>To evaluate knowledge regarding the management of deep carious lesions and exposed pulps among undergraduate and postgraduate endodontic students from ten dental institutions across ten countries, and the impact of operator (material, antibiotic prescription) and patient-related (age, symptoms) factors on their treatment protocols.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An online questionnaire was distributed to evaluate student knowledge of the management of deep caries and exposed pulp related to four clinical scenarios. Simple descriptive statistics were used to describe the data and McNemar tests were employed to identify significant differences between the scenarios. The P-value was set at 5%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 435 undergraduates and 139 postgraduates from ten dental schools participated in this survey. The final survey included 401 responses from undergraduates and 127 from postgraduates for statistical analysis. When symptoms were present, the majority of undergraduate and postgraduate students preferred non-selective (complete) caries removal over selective (partial) caries removal in young patients. The majority of postgraduates preferred partial pulpotomy in younger patients and pulpectomy and root canal treatment (RCT) in older patients. The majority of undergraduates preferred pulpectomy and RCT in both young/old patients when symptoms were present. The majority of undergraduates and postgraduates opted for mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine, respectively, when treating the exposed pulp. Systemic antibiotics were not recommended by both undergraduates and postgraduates, regardless of the patient's age and symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among the scenarios surveyed, the majority of undergraduates and postgraduates preferred: a) pulpectomy and RCT for older patients in the presence or absence of symptoms; b) hydraulic calcium silicate cements as pulp capping material; and c) did not recommend systemic antibiotics.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>The majority of students choose non-selective (complete) caries removal in all cases and if the pulp is exposed, the use of hydraulic calcium silicate cements iwas the preferred material. Systemic antibiotics are considered unnecessary, irrespective of the patient's age and symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144222735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image-Based Diagnostic Performance of LLMs vs CNNs for Oral Lichen Planus: Example-Guided and Differential Diagnosis","authors":"Paak Rewthamrongsris ,&nbsp;Jirayu Burapacheep ,&nbsp;Ekarat Phattarataratip ,&nbsp;Promphakkon Kulthanaamondhita ,&nbsp;Antonin Tichy ,&nbsp;Falk Schwendicke ,&nbsp;Thanaphum Osathanon ,&nbsp;Kraisorn Sappayatosok","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100848","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100848","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>The overlapping characteristics of oral lichen planus (OLP), a chronic oral mucosal inflammatory condition, with those of other oral lesions, present diagnostic challenges. Large language models (LLMs) with integrated computer-vision capabilities and convolutional neural networks (CNNs) constitute an alternative diagnostic modality. We evaluated the ability of seven LLMs, including both proprietary and open-source models, to detect OLP from intraoral images and generate differential diagnoses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a dataset with 1,142 clinical photographs of histopathologically confirmed OLP, non-OLP lesions, and normal mucosa. The LLMs were tested using three experimental designs: zero-shot recognition, example-guided recognition, and differential diagnosis. Performance was measured using accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score, and discounted cumulative gain (DCG). Furthermore, the performance of LLMs was compared with three previously published CNN-based models for OLP detection on a subset of 110 photographs, which were previously used to test the CNN models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Gemini 1.5 Pro and Flash demonstrated the highest accuracy (69.69%) in zero-shot recognition, whereas GPT-4o ranked first in the F1 score (76.10%). With example-guided prompts, which improved consistency and reduced refusal rates, Gemini 1.5 Flash achieved the highest accuracy (80.53%) and F1-score (84.54%); however, Claude 3.5 Sonnet achieved the highest DCG score of 0.63. Although the proprietary models generally excelled, the open-source Llama model demonstrated notable strengths in ranking relevant diagnoses despite moderate performance in detection tasks. All LLMs were outperformed by the CNN models.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The seven evaluated LLMs lack sufficient performance for clinical use. CNNs trained to detect OLP outperformed the LLMs tested in this study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100848"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heimler Syndrome With Tooth Agenesis, Abnormal Enamel and Dentin Mineralization, Root Maldevelopment, and PEX1 Mutation","authors":"Piranit N. Kantaputra ,&nbsp;Atitaya Apivatthakakul ,&nbsp;Massupa Kaewgahya ,&nbsp;Sissades Tongsima ,&nbsp;Chumpol Ngamphiw ,&nbsp;Thanapat Sastraruji ,&nbsp;Panwarit Sukantamala ,&nbsp;Bruce M. Carlson ,&nbsp;Katsushige Kawasaki ,&nbsp;James R. Ketudat Cairns ,&nbsp;Nuntigar Sonsuwan ,&nbsp;Atsushi Ohazama","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biallelic variants in the <em>PEX1</em> and PEX6 genes are implicated in Heimler syndrome, which is characterized by amelogenesis imperfecta, sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and nail defects. The objective of this study is to find the genetic variant and to analyze the teeth of a patient with Heimler syndrome. Clinical and radiographic examination and whole exome sequencing were performed on a Heimler syndrome patient and his parents. Scanning electron microscopy and micro-computed tomography were performed on a tooth. Immunohistochemical study of Pex1 was performed. Mutant protein models were made. The authors report an 18-year-old male with Heimler syndrome who carried a compound heterozygous (c.2966T&gt;C; p.Ile989Thr and c.2097_2098insT; p.Ile700TyrfsTer42) mutation in the <em>PEX1</em> gene. Clinical manifestations included amelogenesis imperfecta of the posterior permanent teeth, mild sensorineural hearing loss, retinitis pigmentosa, and leukonychia. SEM showed enamel and dentin dysmineralization. The newly findings include arachnodactyly, tooth agenesis, microdontia, root maldevelopment, and failure of tooth eruption. The p.Ile700TyrfsTer42 variant is predicted to produce a non-viable protein. The p.Ile989Thr variant is predicted to disrupt its interaction with PEX6. A patient with Heimler syndrome may have arachnodactyly, tooth agenesis, microdontia, delayed dental development, root maldevelopment, enamel and dentin dysmineralization, and failure of tooth eruption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100821"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144205002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmonic Optical Fibre–Based Point-of-Care Test for Periodontal MIP-1α Detection: A Validation Study of a Multiplexed Biosensor Prototype","authors":"Marco Annunziata ,&nbsp;Francesco Arcadio ,&nbsp;Emanuela Stampone ,&nbsp;Debora Bencivenga ,&nbsp;Gennaro Cecoro ,&nbsp;Chiara Marzano ,&nbsp;Angelantonio Piccirillo ,&nbsp;Fulvio Della Ragione ,&nbsp;Nunzio Cennamo ,&nbsp;Luigi Zeni ,&nbsp;Adriana Borriello ,&nbsp;Luigi Guida","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.04.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.04.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The aim of this study was to assess the analytical performance of a multiplexed plasmonic optical fibre–based point-of-care test (POCT) in detecting and quantifying salivary macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1α) by comparing it with a standard enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three plastic optical fibres (POFs) were modified to host a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of anti-MIP-1α antibodies. Each of them was interposed between a light source and a spectrometer to detect the variations in the refractive index at the POF-SAM interface caused by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) when the antibody-analyte binding occurred. A dose-response Langmuir fitting curve, with MIP-1α dilutions from 0.25 to 10 pM, was calculated. Fifty salivary samples from consecutively enrolled subjects were tested by the SPR-POF biosensor and ELISA, and the obtained values were compared (Spearman’s rank correlation test). Differences in MIP-1α levels among patients based on age, gender and the presence or absence of periodontitis were also analysed (Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A strong positive correlation between SPR-POF and ELISA measurements was found (Spearman’s r_s = 0.894, <em>P</em> &lt; .001). The SPR-POF limit of detection (LoD) was 0.15 pM, even lower than the ELISA LoD (0.78 pM). Higher (<em>P</em> &lt; .05) MIP-1α levels in periodontitis compared to non-periodontitis patients were found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The developed 3-arm plasmonic POCT performed comparably to ELISA in detecting and quantifying salivary MIP-1α, both in terms of LoD and accuracy, with measurement rapidity and reliability enhanced by the multiplexed 3-arm design.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The novel SPR-POF prototype would be of value for future studies related to POCT devices for monitoring of periodontal health and disease.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100830"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pexidartinib Inhibits Macrophage Senescence Through Glycolysis in Periodontitis Microenvironment","authors":"Jifan Zhan ,&nbsp;Jiabing Kang ,&nbsp;Yan Wei ,&nbsp;Tianjiao Xiao ,&nbsp;Hui Fang ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Yiting Yuan ,&nbsp;Yongchun Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Zhang ,&nbsp;Ai Tian","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Periodontitis, a chronic inflammatory condition, is caused by complex interactions between periodontopathic bacteria and the local innate immune response. Macrophage senescence, a pivotal contributor to immune dysfunction, has been implicated in periodontitis progression. This research was conducted to clarify how macrophage senescence and glycolysis interact within the periodontal inflammatory microenvironment. Specifically, we investigated whether pexidartinib (PLX3397), known for inhibiting the colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R), could mitigate macrophage senescence by modulating glycolytic activity, thereby attenuating periodontal inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We first constructed the experiential periodontitis mouse model. The alveolar bone volume was quantified using Micro-CT, while the periodontal ligament width and the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC) were evaluated using HE staining. The expression levels of macrophage senescence markers, glycolysis-related indicators, and CSF-1R in gingival tissues were assessed by immunofluorescence staining. For in vitro studies, Senescence was induced in RAW264.7 cells by stimulating them with <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> lipopolysaccharide (<em>Pg</em>-LPS) with or without pretreatment of PLX3397 and glycolysis modulators. Cellular senescence rates were evaluated using Senescence-associated β-Galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining. The presence of markers indicating senescence, CSF-1R, and glycolysis-related indicators was further analysed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The gingival tissues of mice with periodontitis showed elevated senescent macrophages, which correlated with higher CSF-1R expression and glycolytic activity. Similarly, in <em>Pg</em>-LPS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages, senescence markers were upregulated alongside CSF-1R and glycolysis-related indicators. Meanwhile, modulating glycolysis in vitro directly influences senescence indicators. And PLX3397 treatment reduced glycolytic activity, leading to an improvement in macrophage senescence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings indicate that PLX3397 alleviates periodontal tissue inflammation by inhibiting macrophage senescence via glycolytic modulation, offering potential for immune-regulatory therapies in periodontitis management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144189932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Early and Regular Dental Visits on Dental Health Care Costs of Primary School Children in Amsterdam","authors":"Tessa S. van Ligten ,&nbsp;Denise Duijster ,&nbsp;Egija Zaura ,&nbsp;Catherine M.C. Volgenant","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To explore whether dental visits before the age of 4 years and regular dental visits were associated with incurring dental costs at age 9 (proxy for a dental visit), and if so, what were the dental costs for primary school children in Amsterdam associated with those visits.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this retrospective, longitudinal study, sociodemographic characteristics and dental costs between 2009 and 2017 were obtained from primary school children living in Amsterdam via Statistics Netherlands. Explanatory variables were whether children visited a dentist &lt;4 years of age between 2009 and 2011 (yes/no) and whether children regularly visited a dentist between 2012 and 2016 (yes/no). The outcome was dental costs at age 9 in 2017 (yes/no and the amount).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study population consisted of 9,519 children. Dental costs &lt;4 years of age and consecutive dental costs were associated with incurring dental costs at age 9 (aOR 2.12 [1.83-2.45]; aOR 6.48 [5.56-7.54], respectively). For those with dental costs at age 9, dental costs &lt;4 years of age were not associated with the amount of dental costs (mean difference [MD] 5.16 [-2.69-13.00]). For children incurring consecutive dental costs, dental costs at age 9 were higher than for those without (MD 17.52 [7.35-27.69]).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Early and regular dental visits were associated with increased odds of visiting a dentist at age 9 years. For children who visited a dentist at age 9 years, those with early and regular dental visits incurred slightly higher dental costs 5 years later, but mean differences were small and only the latter was significant. Therefore, early or regular dental visits do not lead to lower dental costs in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elevated Dipeptides and Agrochemicals in the Saliva of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Dual Origin Metabolomic Insights","authors":"Preethi Balan ,&nbsp;Weiying Lim ,&nbsp;Yong Mong Bee ,&nbsp;Qifan Chen ,&nbsp;Fabio R.M. Leite ,&nbsp;Chaminda Jaya Seneviratne","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100836","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100836","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder influenced by internal metabolic disruptions and external exposures, known as exposomes, which increase disease risk. Identifying salivary metabolites is a promising method to detect biomarkers for both endogenous and environmental factors. This study utilised a dual approach to profile salivary endogenous metabolites and exposomes, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of T2DM by integrating biological and environmental factors, thereby improving biomarker discovery and risk prediction.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Salivary metabolites were analysed via ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with Q-Exactive mass spectrometry in samples from women with T2DM (<em>n</em> = 39) and healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 40). The groups were matched for age, sex, periodontitis, dyslipidaemia, and hypertension. The identified metabolites were mapped to the Human Metabolome Database and the Blood Exposome List using U.S. Environmental Protection Agency resources.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Principal component analysis revealed distinct clusters for endogenous metabolites and exposomes, leading to separate analyses. In the endogenous metabolite category, 64.5% of the metabolites significantly differing between DM and non-DM groups were dipeptides (false discovery rate &lt;0.05, variable importance for the projection &gt;2). Among the dipeptides, Gln-Trp and Phe-Asn were identified as the top predictors of T2DM, with an area under the curve of 0.87, while His-Phe, His-Tyr, Met-Tyr, and Leu-Gln had area under the curve of 0.85. In the exposome category, univariate regression revealed significant associations between synthetic dipeptides and agrochemical exposomes and fasting plasma glucose levels, with daminozide exhibiting the greatest effect size.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Leveraging saliva’s noninvasive collection, these findings underscore the diagnostic potential of salivary dipeptides and emphasise the importance of addressing exposomes in T2DM management.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>By integrating endogenous and exposome profiling, this study offers a novel approach for identifying metabolic and environmental risk factors, advancing biomarker discovery and risk prediction to improve early diagnosis and personalised management of T2DM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100836"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Assessment of Clinical Factors in Burning Mouth Syndrome Progression","authors":"Ana Garcia-Martinez ,&nbsp;Asta Tvarijonaviciute ,&nbsp;Pia López-Jornet","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study employed psychometric tools to assess the impact of factors such as age, symptom location, and duration on the improvement in burning mouth syndrome (BMS).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>A total of 86 women with BMS were divided into 4 groups: laser plus clonazepam (<em>n</em> = 24), sham laser placebo (<em>n</em> = 20), laser only (<em>n</em> = 22), and clonazepam only (<em>n</em> = 20). Symptom severity was measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), while depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Stress levels were assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) and somnolence with the Epworth Somnolence Scale (ESS). Questionnaires were completed at baseline, 1 month post-treatment, and at 3 months of follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Symptom intensity significantly decreased from baseline to study end (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), with minor increases during follow-up. Stress levels also significantly declined (<em>P</em> = .016), while anxiety, depression, and somnolence showed no significant changes (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Symptom intensity correlated with age (<em>P</em> &lt; .001), and initial anxiety correlated with disease duration (<em>P</em> = .027).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Age, disease duration, and symptom location did not significantly influence symptom improvement, psychological state, or somnolence. Further multidisciplinary research is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}