International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"Accuracy of Large Language Models for Infective Endocarditis Prophylaxis in Dental Procedures","authors":"Paak Rewthamrongsris ,&nbsp;Jirayu Burapacheep ,&nbsp;Vorapat Trachoo ,&nbsp;Thantrira Porntaveetus","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Infective endocarditis (IE) is a serious, life-threatening condition requiring antibiotic prophylaxis for high-risk individuals undergoing invasive dental procedures. As LLMs are rapidly adopted by dental professionals for their efficiency and accessibility, assessing their accuracy in answering critical questions about antibiotic prophylaxis for IE prevention is crucial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-eight true/false questions based on the 2021 American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for IE were posed to 7 popular LLMs. Each model underwent five independent runs per question using two prompt strategies: a pre-prompt as an experienced dentist and without a pre-prompt. Inter-model comparisons utilised the Kruskal–Wallis test, followed by post-hoc pairwise comparisons using Prism 10 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences in accuracy were observed among the LLMs. All LLMs had a narrower confidence interval with a pre-prompt, and most, except Claude 3 Opus, showed improved performance. GPT-4o had the highest accuracy (80% with a pre-prompt, 78.57% without), followed by Gemini 1.5 Pro (78.57% and 77.86%) and Claude 3 Opus (75.71% and 77.14%). Gemini 1.5 Flash had the lowest accuracy (68.57% and 63.57%). Without a pre-prompt, Gemini 1.5 Flash's accuracy was significantly lower than Claude 3 Opus, Gemini 1.5 Pro, and GPT-4o. With a pre-prompt, Gemini 1.5 Flash and Claude 3.5 were significantly less accurate than Gemini 1.5 Pro and GPT-4o. None of the LLMs met the commonly used benchmark scores. All models provided both correct and incorrect answers randomly, except Claude 3.5 Sonnet with a pre-prompt, which consistently gave incorrect answers to eight questions across five runs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LLMs like GPT-4o show promise for retrieving AHA-IE guideline information, achieving up to 80% accuracy. However, complex medical questions may still pose a challenge. Pre-prompts offer a potential solution, and domain-specific training is essential for optimizing LLM performance in healthcare, especially with the emergence of models with increased token limits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 206-212"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Health-Related Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Diabetic Patients in Tanzania","authors":"Karpal Singh Sohal ,&nbsp;Ramadhani Kambole ,&nbsp;Sira Stanslaus Owibingire","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To assess oral health-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) of patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) attending public diabetic clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>This study involved adult patients diagnosed with DM. A questionnaire with questions related to oral health KAP was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS software v26. Multivariate regression analysis was utilized for response analysis. An alpha of less than 0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants with good levels of KAP related to oral health comprised 51.0%, 82.3%, and 20.6%, respectively. The odds of good oral health knowledge among participants were almost 2 folds higher in participants with high education levels and 7 folds higher in those who had been referred to a dentist by a physician. Participants with good oral health knowledge had 5.5 times higher odds of having a good attitude. The participants with high education levels were almost 3 times more likely to have good practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>About half of the patients with DM have good oral health-related knowledge. A majority have good compliance towards oral health, but only a limited number have good oral health-related practices. The level of education and previous referrals to dental professionals were found to be predictors of good knowledge regarding dental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 256-262"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141467813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are there Risks from Nanocomposite Restoration Grinding for Dentists?","authors":"Daniela Pelclova ,&nbsp;Pavel Bradna ,&nbsp;Lucie Lischkova ,&nbsp;Vladimir Zdimal ,&nbsp;Ludmila Maskova ,&nbsp;Pavlina Klusackova ,&nbsp;Viktoriia Kolesnikova ,&nbsp;Jakub Ondracek ,&nbsp;Jaroslav Schwarz ,&nbsp;Miroslav Pohanka ,&nbsp;Tomas Navratil ,&nbsp;Stepanka Vlckova ,&nbsp;Zdenka Fenclova ,&nbsp;Jana Duskova ,&nbsp;Andrea Rossnerova ,&nbsp;Adela Roubickova","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of short-term inhalational exposure to nanoparticles released during dental composite grinding on oxidative stress and antioxidant capacity markers.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Twenty-four healthy volunteers were examined before and after exposure in dental workshop. They spent 76.8 ± 0.7 min in the testing room during grinding of dental nanocomposites. The individual exposure to aerosol particles in each participant´s breathing zones was monitored using a personal nanoparticle sampler (PENS). Exhaled breath condensate (EBC), blood, and urine samples were collected pre- and post-exposure to measure one oxidative stress marker, i.e., thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and two biomarkers of antioxidant capacity, i.e., ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and reduced glutathione (GSH) by spectrophotometry. Spirometry and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were used to evaluate the effect of acute inhalational exposure.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mean mass of dental nanocomposite ground away was 0.88 ± 0.32 g. Average individual doses of respirable particles and nanoparticles measured by PENS were 380 ± 150 and 3.3 ± 1.3 μg, respectively. No significant increase of the post-exposure oxidative stress marker TBARS in EBC and plasma was seen. No decrease in antioxidant capacity biomarkers FRAP and GSH in EBC post-exposure was seen, either. Post-exposure, conjunctival hyperemia was seen in 62.5% volunteers; however, no impairment in spirometry or FeNO results was observed. No correlation of any biomarker measured with individual exposure was found, however, several correlations with interfering factors (age, body mass index, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and environmental pollution parameters) were seen.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study, using oxidative stress biomarker and antioxidant capacity biomarkers in biological fluids of volunteers during the grinding of dental nanocomposites did not prove a negative effect of this intense short-term exposure. However, further studies are needed to evaluate oxidative stress in long-term exposure of both stomatologists and patients and diverse populations with varying health statuses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 305-313"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141765990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Microbiota in Zirconia and Titanium Implants: A Qualitative Systematic Review","authors":"Majid Bonyadi Manesh ,&nbsp;Neda Vatankhah ,&nbsp;Fatemeh Bonyadi Manesh","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In this systematic review, we examine the variations in microbiota on zirconia versus titanium implants, providing insights into their impact on dental health and outcomes. The ongoing discussion regarding whether to use zirconia or titanium for implants underscores the significance of microbiota colonization in determining the longevity and performance of implants.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Research questions were formulated following the Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes framework, and a PROSPERO protocol was registered. A thorough systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Two reviewers independently assessed the reports against the Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes criteria, including the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for In Vitro Studies (QUIN Tool).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 2063 articles identified, 19 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria and subjected to quality assessment. All of the included studies were in vitro research with low (31.5%) or moderate (36.8%) or high (31.5%) risk of bias and reported data from 2 implant abutments. Zirconia implants displayed a higher occurrence of Gram-negative bacteria, such as <em>Tannerella, Aggregatibacter</em>, and <em>Porphyromonas</em>. In contrast, titanium implants showed a greater prevalence of Gram-positive bacteria, including <em>Streptococcus, Lactobacillus acidophilus</em>, and <em>Staphylococcus species</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>According to the findings of the current study, both zirconia and titanium implants support the growth of different microorganisms. There were also differences in the quakity and the quantity of microorganisms detected on each material. These differences in microbial profiles indicate that the selection of implant material might impact the microbial ecosystem on the implant surface, potentially affecting clinical outcomes such as infection rates and the longevity of the implant.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 51-58"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142139985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Mouthwash-Induced Oral Microbiome Disruption on Alzheimer's Disease Risk: A Perspective Review","authors":"Ayoub Boulares ,&nbsp;Hela Jdidi ,&nbsp;Nicola Luigi Bragazzi","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The widespread use of mouthwashes, particularly those containing chlorhexidine (CHX), has raised concerns about their impact on the oral microbiome and potential systemic health effects. This perspective review examines the current evidence linking CHX mouthwash use to disruptions in the oral microbiome and explores the potential indirect implications for Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk. CHX mouthwash is effective in reducing dental plaque and gingival inflammation, but it also significantly alters the composition of the oral microbiome, decreasing the abundance of nitrate-reducing bacteria critical for nitric oxide (NO) production. This disruption can lead to increased blood pressure, a major risk factor for AD. Given the established connection between hypertension and AD, the long-term use of CHX mouthwash may indirectly contribute to the onset of AD. However, the relationship between CHX mouthwash use and AD remains largely indirect, necessitating further longitudinal and cohort studies to investigate whether a direct causal link exists. The review aims to highlight the importance of maintaining a balanced oral microbiome for both oral and systemic health and calls for more research into safer oral hygiene practices and their potential impacts on neurodegenerative disease risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 45-50"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Large Language Models in Dental Licensing Examinations: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Mingxin Liu ,&nbsp;Tsuyoshi Okuhara ,&nbsp;Wenbo Huang ,&nbsp;Atsushi Ogihara ,&nbsp;Hikari Sophia Nagao ,&nbsp;Hiroko Okada ,&nbsp;Takahiro Kiuchi","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.10.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.10.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>This study systematically reviews and conducts a meta-analysis to evaluate the performance of various large language models (LLMs) in dental licensing examinations worldwide. The aim is to assess the accuracy of these models in different linguistic and geographical contexts. This will inform their potential application in dental education and diagnostics.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus for studies published from 1 January 2022 to 1 May 2024. Two authors independently reviewed the literature based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the studies in accordance with the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. We conducted qualitative and quantitative analyses to evaluate the performance of LLMs.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eleven studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing dental licensing examinations from eight countries. GPT-3.5, GPT-4, and Bard achieved integrated accuracy rates of 54%, 72%, and 56%, respectively. GPT-4 outperformed GPT-3.5 and Bard, passing more than half of the dental licensing examinations. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression showed that GPT-3.5 performed significantly better in English-speaking countries. GPT-4’s performance, however, remained consistent across different regions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LLMs, particularly GPT-4, show potential in dental education and diagnostics, yet their accuracy remains below the threshold required for clinical application. The lack of sufficient training data in dentistry has affected LLMs’ accuracy. The reliance on image-based diagnostics also presents challenges. As a result, their accuracy in dental exams is lower compared to medical licensing exams. Additionally, LLMs even provide more detailed explanation for incorrect answer than correct one. Overall, the current LLMs are not yet suitable for use in dental education and clinical diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Constructive Alignment of Learning Objectives Within Haptics Simulation in the Dental Undergraduate Curriculum","authors":"Susha Rajadurai,&nbsp;Tapan Hebballi,&nbsp;Zahra Sharif,&nbsp;Guneet Kaur Kukreja,&nbsp;Ithar Derdour","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Simulation is increasingly becoming more common in dental curricula as an adjunct to clinical skills labs across many higher education institutions. This study seeks to explore whether the current learning objectives constructively align with our current haptics simulation curriculum – in the specific context of how well they are being met by year 1 undergraduate dental students.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study incorporated a mixed methods approach to evaluate a module already taking place, which was completed from the perspectives of both the investigators and the students themselves through the triangulation of noninterventional classroom observational data, anonymous Likert-scale questionnaire data, and a literature review. Following data analysis (namely content analysis, coding systems, and descriptive statistics), the quantitative and qualitative findings were used to explore student performance in regard to each of the defined learning objectives – and subsequently related back to the current literature on ‘constructive alignment’ (CA).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Students were generally successful in meeting the majority of defined learning objectives, although some consistent areas of weakness were noted. These shortcomings facilitated recommendations for improvements to be formulated, which included promoting the responsibility of learning between the teachers and students.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study highlights that CA appears to only hold true to an extent. Numerous aspects of weakness in student performance were noted, such as troubleshooting, changing position when working on different shapes, and using indirect vision when required. CA can be enhanced in this context by promoting sharing a copy of the learning objectives with students in the session before teaching starts and using peer and individualised feedback alongside class tutorials.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical significance</h3><div>This study aims to highlight gaps in the teaching, understanding, and CA of the learning objectives, and aims to make recommendations for their improvement. The study outlines the importance of visibility of learning outcomes to encourage learning and achieving desired outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 273-278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Capabilities of Generative Pretrained Transformer-4 in Addressing Open-Ended Inquiries of Oral Cancer","authors":"Kaiyuan Ji ,&nbsp;Jing Han ,&nbsp;Guangtao Zhai ,&nbsp;Jiannan Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.06.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>In the face of escalating oral cancer rates, the application of large language models like Generative Pretrained Transformer (GPT)-4 presents a novel pathway for enhancing public awareness about prevention and early detection. This research aims to explore the capabilities and possibilities of GPT-4 in addressing open-ended inquiries in the field of oral cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using 60 questions accompanied by reference answers, covering concepts, causes, treatments, nutrition, and other aspects of oral cancer, evaluators from diverse backgrounds were selected to evaluate the capabilities of GPT-4 and a customized version. A <em>P</em> value under .05 was considered significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Analysis revealed that GPT-4 and its adaptations notably excelled in answering open-ended questions, with the majority of responses receiving high scores. Although the median score for standard GPT-4 was marginally better, statistical tests showed no significant difference in capabilities between the two models (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Despite statistical significance indicated diverse backgrounds of evaluators have statistically difference (<em>P</em> &lt; .05), a post hoc test and comprehensive analysis demonstrated that both editions of GPT-4 demonstrated equivalent capabilities in answering questions concerning oral cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>GPT-4 has demonstrated its capability to furnish responses to open-ended inquiries concerning oral cancer. Utilizing this advanced technology to boost public awareness about oral cancer is viable and has much potential. When it's unable to locate pertinent information, it will resort to their inherent knowledge base or recommend consulting professionals after offering some basic information. Therefore, it cannot supplant the expertise and clinical judgment of surgical oncologists and could be used as an adjunctive evaluation tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141889120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Paradigm Shift From Having Dental Patient Shielding to No Patient Shielding?","authors":"Andy Wai Kan Yeung","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 376-377"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Prediction Model for External Root Resorption of the Second Molars Associated With Third Molars","authors":"Zhengwei Kou ,&nbsp;Wuyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Chen Li ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zijian Song ,&nbsp;Yuzhen Zou ,&nbsp;Haijing Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenghua Liu ,&nbsp;Bahetibieke Huerman ,&nbsp;Tiange Deng ,&nbsp;Kaijin Hu ,&nbsp;Yang Xue ,&nbsp;Ping Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.09.031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The aim of this study is to investigate risk factors for external root resorption (ERR) of second molars (M2) associated with impacted third molars (M3), and to develop a prediction model that can offer dentists a reliable and efficient tool for predicting the likelihood of ERR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 798 patients with 2156 impacted third molars were collected from three centres between 1 December 2018 and 15 December 2018. ERR was identified by cone beam computed tomography examinations. The effects of different risk factors on the presence/absence of ERR and its severity were analysed using Chi-square or Fisher test. Multivariate logistic regressive analysis with stepwise variable selection methods was performed to identify factors which were significant predictors for ERR and its severity. Subsequently, a prediction model was developed, and the model performance was validated internally and externally.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The overall incidence of ERR of second molars was 16.05%. The prediction model was established using six factors including position (upper/lower jaw), impact type, impact depth (PG: A-B-C), contact position, root number of M3, and age. In terms of internal validation, the prediction model demonstrated satisfactory performance, achieving an area under curve of 0.961 and a prediction accuracy of 0.907. As for external validation, the area under curve remained high at 0.953, with a prediction accuracy of 0.892.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A risk prediction model for ERR was established in the present study. Position (upper or lower jaw), impact type, impact depth (PG: A-B-C), contact position, root number of M3, and age were identified as influencing variables which were significant predictors in the development of this predictive model. The prediction model showed great discrimination and calibration.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This prediction model has the potential to aid dentists and patients in making clinical decisions regarding the necessity of M3 extraction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 1","pages":"Pages 195-205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}