International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"Application of Artificial Intelligence Models in Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthesis Restoration: A Systematic Review","authors":"Rui Luo ,&nbsp;Tengteng Zhang ,&nbsp;Guo Lin ,&nbsp;Qihan Tang ,&nbsp;Zelin Fu ,&nbsp;Lujin Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103861","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103861","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly favoured in the medical field, and the traditional maxillofacial prosthetic system has complex processes, low efficiency, and relatively insufficient model matching and aesthetic outcomes. With the rapid development of AI, it is expected that AI technology will address the shortcomings of these traditional methods.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To comprehensively analyse the research on AI in maxillofacial prosthetic image acquisition, data analysis, and colouring, and to elaborate on its application evaluation and future trends to improve the diagnosis and treatment experience of patients.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>Based on the PICO principle, we searched the PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane databases, as well as conducted manual searches, and screened English articles from January 2016 to January 2024 according to specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was performed by 2 investigators using the JBI Quasi-Experimental Study Critical Assessment Checklist.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 17 related articles were identified, including 7 in the field of image acquisition, 8 in the field of data analysis, and 2 in the field of pseudo colouring. The results show that the application of AI in these 3 fields is on the rise, reaching a record high in 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance</h3><div>There is a lack of literature available for analysis, all studies have demonstrated high accuracy and clinical necessity. However, there is a relative lack of consideration when it comes to the comfort and efficiency of patients and doctors in practice, which is a key direction for future AI software development. In addition, we need more research on irregular bone or personalized model design, as well as more accurate analysis of complex structures that are vulnerable to damage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103861"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound-Based Deep Learning Radiomics to Predict Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis in Major Salivary Gland Carcinomas","authors":"Huan-Zhong Su ,&nbsp;Long-Cheng Hong ,&nbsp;Zhi-Yong Li ,&nbsp;Qiao-Min Fu ,&nbsp;Yu-Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Shao-Feng Wu ,&nbsp;Zuo-Bing Zhang ,&nbsp;Dao-Hui Yang ,&nbsp;Xiao-Dong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103895","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103895","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><div>Cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) critically impacts surgery approaches, prognosis, and recurrence in patients with major salivary gland carcinomas (MSGCs). We aimed to develop and validate an ultrasound (US)-based deep learning (DL) radiomics model for noninvasive prediction of CLNM in MSGCs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 214 patients with MSGCs from 4 medical centers were divided into training (Centers 1-2, <em>n</em> = 144) and validation (Centers 3-4, <em>n</em> = 70) cohorts. Radiomics and DL features were extracted from preoperative US images. Following feature selection, radiomics score and DL score were constructed respectively. Subsequently, the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression was used to identify optimal features, which were then employed to develop predictive models using logistic regression (LR) and 8 machine learning algorithms. Model performance was evaluated using multiple metrics, with particular focus on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Radiomics and DL scores showed robust performance in predicting CLNM in MSGCs, with AUCs of 0.819 and 0.836 in the validation cohort, respectively. After LASSO regression, 6 key features (patient age, tumor edge, calcification, US reported CLN-positive, radiomics score, and DL score) were selected to construct 9 predictive models. In the validation cohort, the models' AUCs ranged from 0.770 to 0.962. The LR model achieved the best performance, with an AUC of 0.962, accuracy of 0.886, precision of 0.762, recall of 0.842, and an F1 score of 0.8.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The composite model integrating clinical, US, radiomics, and DL features accurately noninvasively predicts CLNM preoperatively in MSGCs.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>CLNM in MSGCs is critical for treatment planning, but noninvasive prediction is limited. This study developed an US-based DL radiomics model to enable noninvasive CLNM prediction, supporting personalized surgery and reducing unnecessary interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103895"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supragingival Plaque Microbial Signatures Between Radiation Related Caries and Common Caries","authors":"Rui-huan Gan ,&nbsp;Jing Qu ,&nbsp;Li-qing Lan ,&nbsp;Da-li Zheng ,&nbsp;You-guang Lu ,&nbsp;Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103898","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103898","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The clinical manifestations of radiation-related caries (RRC) differ considerably from those of common caries. This study aims to investigate potential differences in the microbial compositions of supragingival plaque between RRC and common caries.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Supragingival plaque samples from 10 RRC and 10 patients with common caries were analyzed using Type IIB Restriction-site Associated DNA sequencing for Microbiome (2bRAD-M). Analyses of microbial diversity, relative abundance and composition were performed. LEfSe analysis was employed to identify differentially abundant species between the 2 groups. Additionally, 24 RRC and 33 common caries samples were examined using qRT-PCR. Species indicators of RRC were identified through random forest analysis. KEGG and COG functional prediction analyses were conducted to assess microbial functional pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>2bRAD-M sequencing revealed a significant enrichment of <em>Prevotella conceptionensis, Treponema vincentii</em>, and 4 <em>Nanoperiomorbus</em> species in the RRC group. These findings were further validated by LEfSe and qRT-PCR analyses, which confirmed the dominance of <em>P. conceptionensis</em> in RRC. Random forest analysis identified <em>P. conceptionensis</em> as a potential biomarker for RRC. The bacterial abundance in RRC samples was higher than in common caries, particularly in pathways related to glucose metabolism, including 6-phosphofructokinase activity and sugar transferases involved in LPS biosynthesis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study uniquely identifies distinct microbial signatures in supragingival plaque associated with RRC compared to common caries. <em>Prevotella conceptionensis</em> was identified as a specific pathogenic bacterium linked to RRC. The underlying mechanisms may involve enhanced microbial glucose metabolism and an inflammatory response mediated by ferroptosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103898"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Scoping Review of Large Language Models in Dental Education: Applications, Challenges, and Prospects","authors":"Mengjie Kong,&nbsp;Elise Hoi Wan Fok,&nbsp;Cynthia Kar Yung Yiu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>With the rapid development of large language models (LLMs), their potential in dental clinical healthcare and education has become increasingly evident. However, the application of this emerging technology within dental education has not yet been systematically reviewed. This scoping review aims to summarize current applications, identify challenges encountered in the implementation process, and outline future prospects.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases to identify studies related to LLMs and dental education. Relevant studies were screened, selected, and subjected to data extraction to collate information pertinent to the research questions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 37 studies were included. LLMs have been applied across seven distinct domains in dental education, notably in dental examinations (<em>n</em> = 24), educational information resources (<em>n</em> = 5), and assessment of students’ assignments (<em>n</em> = 3). These applications have introduced several challenges, including technical issues (ie, inaccurate information, inability in image analysis, inaccessibility, and high cost) and application aspects (ie, ethical issues, absence of usage guidelines, potential harm to students’ knowledge and skills, and cautious attitudes towards LLMs). Addressing these challenges requires coordinated efforts from students, educators, curriculum administrators, and technical developers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The application of LLMs in dental education remains in its early stage. Future research should focus on expanding the range of applications and establishing standardized, ethically satisfying, and technically sound guidelines for integrating LLMs into dental education.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103854"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fibroblast Dysfunction and Immune Dysregulation Impair Palatal Wound Healing in Diabetic Rats","authors":"Li Pan ,&nbsp;Hong-Ning Wang ,&nbsp;Chao-Ming Hu ,&nbsp;Jun Wang ,&nbsp;Wen Tong ,&nbsp;Jun-Xin Ren ,&nbsp;Shu-Fan Zhao ,&nbsp;Ping Ji ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103894","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103894","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to investigate how diabetes mellitus affects palatal wound healing, focusing on inflammatory responses, gene expression dynamics, and fibroblast function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A standardized full-thickness palatal wound model was established in streptozotocin-induced diabetic and non-diabetic rats. Wound healing progression was assessed via gross observation, histological analysis, and immunohistochemistry (CD3, IBA1) at postoperative days (PID) 0, 3, 7, and 14. Wound-edge tissues were collected at PID 0, 3, and 7 for RNA sequencing. The resulting transcriptomic data were analysed using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). Primary palatal fibroblasts were isolated from both groups and subjected to in vitro assays assessing proliferation, migration, and ATP production.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Diabetic rats exhibited delayed wound closure, defective re-epithelialization, and diminished collagen matrix formation. Immunohistochemistry revealed a biphasic immune response in diabetic wounds, characterized by reduced CD3⁺ and IBA1⁺ cell infiltration at PID 3 and prolonged inflammation at PID 7 and 14. Transcriptomic profiling indicated pre-injury immune activation in diabetic tissues, with elevated inflammatory gene expression at PID 0. Post-injury, diabetes exacerbated tissue repair disruptions, marked by persistent immune activation and suppression of genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization and metabolic regulation. GSEA revealed marked alterations in oxidative phosphorylation during diabetic wound healing, reflecting mitochondrial dysregulation. WGCNA identified distinct co-expression modules associated with heightened inflammation, impaired ECM remodelling, and perturbed mitochondrial metabolism. Palatal fibroblasts derived from diabetic rats exhibited reduced proliferation, migration, and ATP production, indicating intrinsic functional impairments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Diabetes disrupts the temporal coordination of wound healing, leading to immune dysregulation, metabolic suppression, and fibroblast dysfunction – all of which underpin impaired palatal mucosal repair. These findings provide mechanistic insights and may inform the development of targeted therapies for diabetic wound care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103894"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145044809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomechanical Performance of Implant-Tooth-Supported Prostheses: A Numerical 3D Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Hatem S. Sadek ,&nbsp;Noha M. Anany ,&nbsp;Mohamed I. El-Anwar ,&nbsp;Abdulaziz Alhotan ,&nbsp;Al-Hassan Diab ,&nbsp;Bassma R. Fayad ,&nbsp;Islam M. Heiba ,&nbsp;Islam G. Shahin ,&nbsp;Christoph Bourauel ,&nbsp;Tarek M. Elshazly","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103882","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103882","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the biomechanical behaviour of implant-tooth-supported (hybrid) prostheses, compared with an implant-implant-supported prosthesis, utilising two different prosthetic materials, employing finite element analysis (FEA).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Three digital models, derived from a CBCT-scanned edentulous mandible, were designed: two hybrid configurations (M1: distal implant-first premolar; M2: mesial implant-first molar) and an implant-implant-supported prosthesis (M3). A biomechanical modelling workflow was carried out (Mimics for segmentation, 3-Matic for bone/mucosal layer refinement, Exocad DentalCAD and SolidWorks for implants, abutment and prosthesis integration, and ANSYS for meshing and FEA). Assuming isotropic/elastic material properties, zirconia and polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) were selected as prosthetic materials. Models were subjected to a static vertical load (100 N). von Mises stress and total deformation were analysed to evaluate structural responses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>M3 demonstrated the most favourable biomechanical profile, exhibiting the lowest von Mises stress magnitudes alongside the highest overall deformation. In hybrid models (M1, M2), stress maxima were localised at the pontic–tooth connector regions and, in M1-PEKK, reached 261 MPa in the screw. Cortical bone and prepared teeth exhibited higher stress in distally anchored hybrid systems (M1) compared to mesially supported designs (M2), regardless of the prosthetic material. Comparative analysis revealed that zirconia-based prostheses generated higher stress concentrations in bone (≤35 MPa) compared to PEKK, whereas the PEKK prosthesis itself exhibited greater structural deformation (70 µm in M1-PEKK).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hybrid implant-tooth-supported prostheses can act as a reliable alternative to implant-implant ones and eliminate cantilever extensions; however, their use should be reserved for carefully selected cases to avoid biomechanical incompatibilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103882"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145027397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Autism and the Oral Microbiome: A Systematic Review of Host-microbial Interactions and Diversity","authors":"Kausar Sadia Fakhruddin ,&nbsp;Iman Kamal ,&nbsp;Tatia Maglaperidze ,&nbsp;Anand Marya ,&nbsp;Lakshman Samaranayake ,&nbsp;Thantrira Porntaveetus","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100957","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.100957","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Emerging evidence suggests a link between the oral microbiome and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), a neurodevelopmental condition characterised by social and behavioural impairments. The vast microbial reservoirs in the gut complement those of the oral cavity, suggesting a potential oral-gut-brain axis that may influence ASD and perhaps other neurological diseases, such as Parkinson’s syndrome and Alzheimer’s disease. For the first time, this systematic review synthesises the current knowledge of oral microbiome composition, diversity, and functionality in ASD and its potential diagnostic and therapeutic implications.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted using Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed case-control and cross-sectional studies published between January 2000 and January 2025. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Nine studies (n = 8533; 2536 ASD and 5937 controls) met the inclusion criteria. The overall findings on microbial diversity were inconsistent; some studies reported alterations in ASD, while others found no significant differences. Functional profiling revealed enrichment of pathways involved in dopamine and GABA degradation, as well as disruptions in lysine metabolism, suggesting possible links to neurotransmitter imbalances in ASD. Although external factors such as selective eating, oral hygiene, and cognitive function were proposed to influence microbial profiles, statistical evidence supporting these associations was lacking. Moreover, no consistent link was found between oral microbiota features and core ASD symptoms like repetitive behaviours or communication deficits.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This review highlights subtle yet potentially significant alterations in the oral microbiome of individuals with ASD, particularly in metabolic pathways that affect neurotransmitters. While direct associations with clinical symptoms remain unsubstantiated, the findings emphasise the importance of future multi-omics and longitudinal studies to clarify the oral microbiome’s role in ASD pathophysiology and to explore its potential in personalised therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 100957"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145019407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients’ Acceptance and Intentions on Using Artificial Intelligence in Dental Diagnosis: Insights From Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 Model","authors":"Sachin Naik ,&nbsp;Sajith Vellappally ,&nbsp;Mohammed Alateek ,&nbsp;Yasser Fahad Alrayyes ,&nbsp;Abdul Aziz Abdullah Al Kheraif ,&nbsp;Talal Mughaileth Alnassar ,&nbsp;Ziyad Mohammed Alsultan ,&nbsp;Nebu George Thomas ,&nbsp;Avneesh Chopra","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103893","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103893","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming dental care by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, efficiency, and patient experience. This study aimed to assess dental patients’ acceptance, perceptions, and concerns regarding AI-powered diagnosis using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology 2 (UTAUT2) framework through structural equation modelling (SEM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted among dental patients at King Saud University Dental Hospital, Riyadh. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire based on the UTAUT2 framework. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to assess the validity and reliability of the measurement model. SEM was then utilized to evaluate the relationships between UTAUT2 constructs and patients’ behavioural intention toward AI-powered dental diagnosis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 505 participants responded to the questionnaire. SEM indicated a strong model fit (GFI = 0.900, Comparative Fit Index = 0.906, Tucker–Lewis Index = 0.907, root mean square error of approximation = 0.083). Performance expectancy (<em>β</em> = 0.32, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), social influence (<em>β</em> = 0.56, <em>P</em> &lt; .001), and facilitating conditions (<em>β</em> = 0.34, <em>P</em> &lt; .001) significantly predicted behavioural intention. The model explained 68.1% of the variance (<em>R</em>² = 0.681), highlighting key drivers of AI adoption. While 60% of participants trusted AI dental diagnosis, 55% expressed concerns about data privacy and accuracy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that performance expectancy, social influence, and facilitating conditions are key factors influencing the acceptance of AI in dental diagnosis. Addressing these factors can help develop user-friendly AI tools in dentistry, thereby improving adoption. Future research should focus on clear communication about AI and patient education to alleviate concerns and promote equitable and widespread use.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Acceptance of AI in dentistry depends on performance, motivation, and trust. Understanding these factors can guide the user-centred development of AI technologies, enhancing their integration into diagnostics and improving patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103893"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145004866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of Immune-Related Long Non-Coding RNAs for Pulpitis Prediction Based on Competing Endogenous RNAs","authors":"Yuexuan Xu ,&nbsp;Lingxian Liu ,&nbsp;Yinquan Chen ,&nbsp;Xilin Qiu ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Weijun Sun ,&nbsp;Yonghui Huang ,&nbsp;Ying He ,&nbsp;Xuechao Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103866","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103866","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Pulpitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting oral health. We aim to identify immune-related lncRNAs via bioinformatics analyses and explore their functions through ceRNA networks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The expression profiles of 6 patients with pulpitis and 8 normal dental pulp have been obtained from Genome Sequence Archive. The differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) between pulpitis and healthy samples were identified and the classification model was established by LASSO regression. We conducted single-sample gene-set enrichment analysis (ssGSEA) to determine the immune-related lncRNAs and screened their hallmark pathways. Further, weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to verify the function of immune lncRNAs. Finally, we constructed the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network considering miRNA-target relationship from miRanda, negative miRNA-target expression correlation, and positive lncRNA-mRNA expression correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A classification model of 5 lncRNAs was constructed. The lncRNAs CARD8-AS1 and LINC00924 were significantly related with immunity by ssGSEA. Further hallmark pathway analysis revealed that screened lncRNAs were significantly correlated with immune. WGCNA results implied CARD8-AS1 was in the Grey module and LINC00924 in the Brown module. Both Grey and Brown modules are significantly enriched in immune-related biological functions based on enrichment analysis. The immune-related ceRNA network was constructed for the lncRNAs CARD8-AS1 and LINC00924. Three miRNAs hsa-miR-3065-5p, hsa-miR-3910, and hsa-miR-514a-3p regulated both CARD8-AS1 and LINC00924. Particularly, CARD8-AS1 was confirmed to interact with immune-related genes through miRDB and TargetScan analyses. CARD8-AS1-associated mRNAs (PTGS2, NLRP3, and CXCL3) were identified through both functional enrichment analysis and a ceRNA network involving lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions. These mRNAs showed significant enrichment in immune-related pathways such as the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, complement system, and TLR signaling.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The study found that lncRNA CARD8-AS1 and CARD8-AS1-based ceRNA network play an important role in regulating the immune response in pulpitis, and immune lncRNAs such as CARD8-AS1 can serve as new markers for non-invasive diagnosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103866"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Demineralized Dentin Matrix Promotes Bone Regeneration Through IDO1-Mediated Th17/Treg Cell Balance Modulation","authors":"Shuyu Zhu ,&nbsp;Rongkun Chen ,&nbsp;Shu Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhiya Wang ,&nbsp;Xueyuan Meng ,&nbsp;Peng Ling ,&nbsp;Jing Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhigang Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103853","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103853","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Demineralised dentin matrix (DDM) is an effective scaffold material for bone tissue engineering. However, the osteoimmunological mechanism of DDM remains unexplored. Th17/Treg cell balance has been noticed as a crucial factor in bone regeneration. The aim of this research is to elucidate the influence of DDM on the balance of Th17/Treg and its underlying molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study examined DDM’s effects on Th17/Treg cell balance by co-incubating DDM extract with peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). Transcriptomics and bioinformatics identified DDM-related differentially expressed genes. A naïve CD4⁺ T cell-bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) co-culture model assessed DDM’s immunomodulatory effects on Th17/Treg differentiation and their impact on BMSC viability and osteogenic differentiation. <em>In vivo</em>, a rabbit mandibular defect model with DDM implantation evaluated bone repair and Th17/Treg regulation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DDM promoted Treg cell differentiation in PBMCs and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines. Transcriptomic analysis shows that indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 (IDO1) is a key regulator of Th17/Treg balance. In naïve CD4⁺ T cells, DDM enhanced Treg differentiation, which was blocked by IDO1 inhibition. This immunomodulation improved BMSCs viability and osteogenic differentiation which was attenuated by IDO1 inhibition. Co-culture with naïve CD4⁺ T cells further amplified DDM’s pro-osteogenic effects. In rabbit mandibular defects, DDM enhanced bone repair and was suppressed with IDO1 inhibition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates that DDM regulates the Th17/Treg cell balance by promoting Treg cell differentiation through IDO1 upregulation, with minimal impact on Th17 cells. This immunomodulatory mechanism is a key factor underlying DDM’s significant role in bone repair.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}