International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Temporomandibular Disorders Using a Jaw Motion Analyzer and Surface Electromyography","authors":"Rundong Zhang,&nbsp;Danping Lai,&nbsp;Feiyun Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Qiao,&nbsp;Jiayi Chen,&nbsp;Yanzhen Zhang,&nbsp;Ziyu Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Quantification of mandibular movement allows both dynamic and static evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) status, which would provide important information in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) diagnosis and treatment. The ultrasonic Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA; zebris) system could analyse the 3-dimensional motion of the mandible without any radiation. Using the JMA, this study aimed to investigate the differences in mandibular movements and masticatory muscle activities among patients with different diagnoses of anterior disc displacement based on TMJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-four adult subjects with 148 TMJ were divided into 3 groups based on MRI: the No Disc Displacement (NDD), the Anterior Disc Displacement with Reduction (ADDWR), and the Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction (ADDWoR). The JMA and surface electromyography (sEMG) were used to measure several mandibular movements and sEMG. Comparison and correlation analysis were performed among groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were found between NDD, ADDWR, and ADDWoR in the following items: the incisal range of motion during right and left laterotrusion, maximum mouth opening, the surface area of Posselt envelope movement in the frontal plane, condylar range of motion in opening movement, and sEMG of masseter during maximum voluntary clenching.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Significant differences were found in mandibular movements and muscle activity between patients with NDD, ADDWR, and ADDWoR.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The JMA and sEMG provide important information on mandibular movement and muscle activities, which may provide additional insights into TMD diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1843-1853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Immune Cell Phenotypes With Oral Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study","authors":"Yanran Yang,&nbsp;Jiamin Xu,&nbsp;Yanzhu Lu,&nbsp;Zhenxing Tang,&nbsp;Jiajun He","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to assess the potential causal relationship between immune cell phenotype and oral cancer using Mendelian randomisation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies in European populations was conducted to explore causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and the risk of oral cancer. Inverse-variance weighting, MR-EGGER, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted mode were applied for MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses, including the Steiger test, Cochran's Q test, Egger intercept, and leave-one-out analysis, were performed to assess the robustness of the results. Additionally, colocalisation analysis was carried out to further validate causal associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 immune cell phenotypes were identified as risk factors for oral cancer, while 6 immune cell phenotypes demonstrated protective effects. Sensitivity analyses indicated a lack of robustness in four causal relationships. Genetic variants at rs9469077 on chr6 might be shared between CD28^–CD127^–CD25⁺⁺CD8br AC of regulatory T cells and oral cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This MR study provides evidence for a strong association between immune cells and oral cancer, highlighting specific immune cell phenotypes as significant risk factors for the development of oral cancer. These findings offer a foundation for future precision immunotherapy strategies for oral cancer. Further studies are required to confirm the relationship between immune cells and oral cancer risk and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>This study confirms the potential relationship between specific immune cell phenotypes and oral cancer, providing theoretical support for future immunotherapy against oral cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1808-1817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Non-SMC Condensin I Complex Subunit D2 Upregulation on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis","authors":"Qingying Cui ,&nbsp;Shuai Fu ,&nbsp;Diping Yu ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the influence of non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) on the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the correlation between NCAPD2 and OSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, NCAPD2 gene expression profiles of OSCC and normal tissues were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to preliminarily validate OSCC cell strains and normal epithelial cell strains. Besides EdU, cell scratch, and transwell assays were performed to assess the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cell strains with the silence of NCAPD2. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was utilised to measure the expression of NCAPD2 and tumour-related markers in 74 OSCC specimens. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of NCAPD2 in the prognosis of OSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of NCAPD2 in OSCC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. Inhibiting NCAPD2 can reduce the proliferation and migration of OSCC cell lines and inhibit the invasion of these cells. The IHC staining results indicated that the high expression of NCAPD2 in OSCC tissues was positively correlated with T stages, Ki67 expression, and affected sites. The Kaplan-Meier analysis results validated that the up-regulated expression of NCAPD2 was significantly correlated with the poor overall survival (OS) of OSCC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NCAPD2 is a potential molecular marker for the poor prognosis of OSCC, and it is expected to become a target for the treatment of this carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1818-1827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HDAC9-Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption","authors":"Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Limin Liu ,&nbsp;Tianwei Lin ,&nbsp;Zhihui Mai ,&nbsp;Hongfei Lu ,&nbsp;Bingxue Hu ,&nbsp;Junhao Huang ,&nbsp;Hong Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is a common iatrogenic outcome of orthodontic treatment. Both epigenetic modifications and pyroptosis have demonstrated a certain role in OIIRR. This study aims to investigate whether epigenetic modifications regulate pyroptosis to be involved in OIIRR.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Rat model of OIIRR was established, and the periodontal tissues were utilized for H&amp;E staining, TRAP staining, immunofluorescence, transcriptome sequencing, and RT-qPCR analysis. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) were overexpressed with <em>HDAC9</em>, treated with pyroptosis inhibitor, incubated with osteoclast, and then subjected to CUT&amp;Tag sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Orthodontic force increased the distance of orthodontic tooth movement and the abundance of osteoclast. Transcriptome sequencing identified that <em>Hdac9</em> was upregulated in the periodontal tissues of OIIRR rats compared to the control. Immunofluorescence revealed that HDAC9 was present in periodontal ligament fibroblasts, with reduced fluorescence of HDAC9 in OIIRR compared to the control. <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression in hPDLFs induced pyroptosis and promoted osteoclast differentiation. These effects were reversed by pyroptosis inhibitor. CUT&amp;Tag analysis showed that <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression resulted in an enrichment of deacetylated genes on mitochondrial dysfunction-associated pathways. CUT&amp;Tag-PCR analysis confirmed reduced H3K9ac enrichment on the mitochondrial dysfunction-associated genes <em>VPS13D, AQP1, PEX2, CDK1</em>, and <em>PLEKHA1</em> after HDAC9 overexpression, and RT-qPCR analysis revealed a corresponding decrease in their respective expression levels. Accordingly, the ROS level was also increased by <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HDAC9-mediated histone deacetylation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis in hPDLFs, thereby promoting osteoclast differentiation and OIIRR progression.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This study reveals the regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in OIIRR from the perspective of epigenetic modifications, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of OIIRR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1828-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Periodontitis: The Mediating Role of Cranial Bone Mineral Density","authors":"Qiuling Tang ,&nbsp;Miao Yang ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Xiao,&nbsp;Chaojie Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Periodontitis is a common chronic disease characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissues and the resorption of alveolar bone, which severely impacts the quality of life of patients. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as a crucial marker of bone metabolism, is involved in the bone formation process. However, the mechanisms linking ALP to periodontitis remain unclear. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the skull is an important indicator reflecting bone mineral content and bone strength, yet its mediating role in the relationship between ALP and periodontitis has not been thoroughly investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the association between serum ALP and the risk of periodontitis and to evaluate the potential mediating role of cranial BMD in this relationship, with the goal of providing new insights into the etiology of periodontitis and informing treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from periodontitis patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014 were utilized with ALP as the independent variable, periodontitis as the dependent variable, and cranial BMD as the mediating variable. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the relationship between ALP and periodontitis, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the association between ALP and periodontitis in different subgroups. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the nonlinear relationship between the two. Additionally, mediation analysis was employed to study the potential mediating role of cranial BMD on the association between ALP and periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for confounding variables, ALP showed a significant positive association with periodontitis (OR: 1.006, 95% CI: 1.002-1.011, <em>P</em> &lt; .05). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was particularly pronounced in males, drinkers, and individuals lacking physical activities. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between ALP and periodontitis (<em>P-non-linear</em> = 0.0006), with a threshold level of 68 U/L. The mediation analysis revealed that cranial BMD played a mediating role of 2.71% in the relationship between ALP and periodontitis (<em>P =</em> .006). Furthermore, ALP was significantly negatively correlated with cranial BMD (β = −0.0016, 95% CI: −0.0024 to −0.0007, <em>P &lt;</em> .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated serum ALP levels were positively associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, and cranial BMD partially mediated this association. Monitoring ALP levels may contribute to the early diagnosis and intervention of periodontitis, while targeting bone metabolism regulation could offer a novel direction for the treatment of periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Validation of Ferritinophagy-Related Biomarkers in Periodontitis","authors":"Yi-Ming Li ,&nbsp;Chen‑Xi Li ,&nbsp;Reyila Jureti ,&nbsp;Gulinuer Awuti","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While ferritinophagy is believed to play a significant role in the development of periodontitis, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biomarkers associated with ferritinophagy in periodontitis using transcriptomic data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two periodontitis-related datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE10334, and GSE16134, served as the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Additionally, 36 ferritinophagy-related genes (FRGs) were obtained from the GeneCards database. We compared the expression differences of FRGs between the periodontitis and control groups, identifying the different FRGs as candidates. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to capture the key modules and modular genes related to periodontitis, utilizing the candidate FRG scores as trait. Then we intersected these with key module genes to identify differentially expressed FRGs. Hub genes were filtered using a protein-protein interaction network. Ultimately, biomarkers were acquired through machine learning, receiver operating characteristic curves, and expression levels. In addition, biomarker-associated immune cells and functional pathways were analysed to predict the upstream regulatory molecules.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 18 candidate FRGs showed significant differences between the periodontitis and control groups, and from the protein-protein interaction network, eight hub genes were identified among the 175 differentially expressed FRGs by analysing 1096 differentially expressed genes and 4479 key modular genes. Eventually, ALDH2, diazepam binding inhibitor, HMGCR, OXCT1, and ACAT2 were identified as potential biomarkers through machine learning algorithms, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and gene expression assessments. In addition, resting dendritic cells, mast cells, and follicular helper T cells were positively correlated with the five biomarkers (Cor &gt; 0.3 and <em>P</em> &lt; .05). All five biomarkers are involved in the translation initiation pathway, including transcription factors like KLF5 and microRNAs such as hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-27a-3p. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that all biomarkers were expressed at low levels in the periodontitis group. However, the differences in expression levels for OXCT1 and ACAT2 between groups were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A total of five ferritinophagy-related biomarkers – ALDH2, diazepam binding inhibitor, HMGCR, OXCT1, and ACAT2 – were screened to explore new treatment options for periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Chewing Hardness on Cognitive-Associated Brain Regions Activation","authors":"Hansol Lee ,&nbsp;Ji-Hye Kim ,&nbsp;Seungho Kim ,&nbsp;Sung Ho Jang ,&nbsp;Yongmin Chang ,&nbsp;Youn-Hee Choi","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Recent findings suggest a potential correlation between mastication and cognitive processes. However, the comprehensive investigation into the neurobiological mechanisms of masticatory control, such as the impact of chewing hardness, on cognitive function, remains incomplete. This study aims to investigate the impact of chewing hardness, as an aspect of masticatory control, on cognitive function by examining brain activation patterns during hard and soft chewing conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 52 healthy young adults (average age of 21.81 years; 24 men and 28 women) underwent fMRI scanning, during which 27 individuals chewed soft and 25 individual chewed hard material. The functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to elucidate the overlapping and distinct patterns of activated brain regions associated with soft- and hard-chewing conditions. Subsequently, correlations between these activated brain regions and neuropsychological measures were assessed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Conjunction analysis revealed that both soft- and hard-chewing conditions stimulated brain regions directly associated with orofacial movement and spatial information processing. Two-sample t-test result indicated that the hard-chewing group had higher activation mostly in the caudate nucleus and frontal brain regions associated with cognitive function compared with the soft-chewing group. Furthermore, the activation strength of these brain regions positively correlated with neuropsychological measures.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that hard-chewing may be more effective than soft-chewing in stimulating cognition-associated brain regions, potentially enhancing cognitive processing.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Our study shows that hard-chewing activates brain regions linked to cognitive function more than soft-chewing. This suggests that harder chewing could be used as a simple, non-invasive method to enhance cognitive processing. Incorporating harder foods into the diet may offer a practical approach to support cognitive health and improve mental performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1798-1807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Stimulated Salivary Volume on Dysbiosis of the Salivary Microbiome in Children and Young Adults","authors":"Tomoaki Shintani ,&nbsp;Nami Obayashi ,&nbsp;Tetsuya Yoshimoto ,&nbsp;Toshinori Ando ,&nbsp;Nagisa Morihara ,&nbsp;Nanako Kataoka ,&nbsp;Rie Miyata ,&nbsp;Mai Yoshino ,&nbsp;Hiroki Yoshii ,&nbsp;Shin Morimoto ,&nbsp;Yuka Hayashi ,&nbsp;Masayuki Suzuki ,&nbsp;Kotaro Tanimoto ,&nbsp;Mikihito Kajiya","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the salivary factors that influence salivary bacterial counts and the microbiome composition in children and young adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 382 patients who visited the dental clinic in Hiroshima University Hospital. All participants underwent a saliva test and were divided into high- and low-bacterial-count groups based on the median bacterial count. Salivary factors and clinical variables, including the total number of teeth and plaque control record, were analyzed to determine their association with salivary bacterial counts. Furthermore, a comprehensive analysis of microbiome diversity and composition was performed using 16S rRNA sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Univariate and multivariate analyses identified stimulated saliva volume (SSV) and plaque control record as independent factors influencing salivary bacterial counts. Principal coordinate analysis revealed a significant decrease in beta diversity in the high-bacterial-count group. LEfSe analysis revealed <em>Prevotella, Veillonella, Megafaella, Selenomonas</em>, and <em>TM7X</em> as the 5 most abundant bacteria. The relative abundance of the 35 KEGG pathways exhibited significant differences. Furthermore, <em>Prevotella</em> and <em>Veillonella</em> were strongly associated with 25 functional pathways.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Oral hygiene instruction is necessary even for children and young adults with relatively adequate SSV to maintain a healthy oral microbiome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1759-1770"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Craniofacial, Dental, and Upper Airway Morphologic features of Severely Obese Adults with Obstructive Sleep Apnea","authors":"Liang Xia ,&nbsp;Wenxin Jiang ,&nbsp;Kan Yao ,&nbsp;Hongxia Sun ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Lu ,&nbsp;Wenwen Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><div>Craniofacial and upper airway development are closely associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). This study aimed to analyse craniofacial and upper airway characteristics in adults with severe obesity and OSA to better understand the disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Ninety-four severely obese patients (BMI ≥ 35) underwent polysomnography (PSG) and lateral cephalograms to assess craniofacial and upper airway morphology. Cephalometric and airway measurements were analysed combined with PSG findings to evaluate craniofacial and airway features in severe OSA patients.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 50 males and 44 females, with a mean age of 33.05 years and an average apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 52.22 events/h. Males had significantly higher AHI, neck circumference (NC), waist circumference, and arousal index, along with lower average and minimal oxygen saturation levels compared to females. Cephalometric analysis showed that males had greater mandibular ramus length and Sella-to-condyle vertical distance. Cross-correlation analysis indicated significant associations between AHI and both NC and the mandibular plane to Sella-Nasion line measurement. The Frankfurt horizontal plane to Nasion–Pogonion plane was correlated with BMI, NC, and waist circumference. Hyoid bone position was linked to tongue volume, Y-axis angle, pharyngeal airway space, facial height, and lip length. Tongue volume correlated with mandibular ramus length, upper anterior tooth angle, and upper lip length. Snoring index was associated with pharyngeal airway space and tongue height, while pharyngeal airway space width was related to oxygen saturation levels.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Severe obese individuals, particularly males, experience more severe OSA symptoms. A complex interplay exists between OSA, craniofacial morphology, and airway structure.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Craniofacial and dental features are consistent in severe obese OSA patients, suggesting that obesity-related fat accumulation has a greater impact on respiratory function than skeletal structure or dental alignment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is Simulation of Glued Contact Sufficient to Simulate Nonlinear Failure Behaviour in Dental Shear Bond Strength Tests?","authors":"Ahmed M. Ismail ,&nbsp;Ahmed ElBanna ,&nbsp;Tamer M. Nassef ,&nbsp;Ludger Keilig ,&nbsp;Christoph Bourauel","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to develop a numerical model for simulating shear bond strength tests with different specimen sizes and loading techniques. A finite element model was generated consisting of a composite specimen bonded to dentin substrate surrounded by enamel, acrylic resin and polypropylene tube. Four models were created simulating macro (diameter 1.8 mm) and micro (0.8 mm) sized specimens loaded by either a chisel or a wire loop. Experimental data from a previously published study using the identical specimen diameter and shearing tools were used as reference. Four groups were established: macro shear wire loop (group 1), micro shear wire loop (group 2), macro shear chisel (group 3), and micro shear chisel (group 4). In the simulations, contact-based glue failure based on shear contact stresses (series 1) or a combination of shear and normal contact stresses (series 2) were used to simulate the progressive failure of the specimens. Shear and normal failure stress limits were fitted to the experimental results in sensitivity analyses by varying both stresses. Experimental failure forces could be reproduced using group-specific shear stress limits of 71 (group 1), 48 (group 2), 106 (group 3), and 131 MPa (group 4) in series 1. However, when also considering normal stresses, no single, unique pair of shear and normal failure stresses can lead to the experimental failure force values for all groups. In conclusion, no unique pair of shear and normal stresses can provide the same failure force values for different shear setup geometries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1746-1758"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}