Classic Publications in the Field of Dentistry: A Bibliometric Analysis

Abstract

Introduction and aims

This bibliometric study aimed to identify and analyze the classic articles in the Web of Science category ‘Dentistry, Oral Surgery and Medicine,’ providing insights into the characteristics, citation patterns, and evolving trends that define the field's most influential publications.

Methods

Articles published between 1960 and 2020 were extracted from the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED) database. Classic articles were defined as those with ≥1000 citations as of the end of 2024. Bibliometric indicators such as total citations (TC₂₀₂₄), citations in 2024 (C₂₀₂₄), citations per publication (CPP₂₀₂₄), and authorship patterns were analyzed. Citation trajectories, author keywords, and institutional and international collaborations were also assessed.

Results

A total of 42 classic articles were identified. These publications were most frequently produced in the 1990s and 2000s and originated predominantly from the USA and Sweden. The University of North Carolina and the University of Gothenburg were particularly prominent. Periodontology, implantology, dental materials, and oral epidemiology were common themes. Articles such as Socransky et al. and Schiffman et al. demonstrated both sustained and recent citation influence. Word frequency analysis highlighted topics such as plaque, periodontal disease, and classification systems. Citation histories revealed diverse trajectories, including delayed recognition and rapid recent influence.

Conclusion

Classic articles in dental research reflect the field’s shift toward evidence-based practice, interdisciplinary collaboration, and public health relevance. By mapping these highly cited works, this study provides a clearer understanding of the factors contributing to long-term scientific impact in dentistry, oral surgery, and medicine.

Clinical relevance

This study identifies highly cited publications that have shaped clinical practice in periodontology, implantology, temporomandibular disorders, wound healing, and oral-systemic health. These works continue to guide diagnostics, treatment planning, and public health strategies, highlighting the lasting impact of foundational research and the importance of interdisciplinary, evidence-based approaches in dentistry.