International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"Dental Anomalies: Prevalence, Patterns of Association and Relationship With Dental Age","authors":"Blanca Loscertales-Martín-de-Agar ,&nbsp;Álvaro Cabezas-Corado ,&nbsp;María Baus-Domínguez ,&nbsp;Jesús Loscertales-Abril ,&nbsp;Daniel Torres-Lagares","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dental anomalies represent frequent findings in orthodontics and pediatric dentistry, often leading to functional and esthetic problems. Although their etiology is multifactorial, the role of genetic factors is increasingly recognised.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and identify associative patterns that may suggest a shared genetic origin.</div></div><div><h3>Study Design</h3><div>This observational, cross-sectional retrospective study analysed panoramic radiographs from patients attending 2 orthodontic and one pediatric dentistry practices. Inclusion criteria excluded cases with prior tooth loss due to trauma, caries, or extractions, syndromes, systemic diseases, or craniofacial malformations. Descriptive statistics were combined with hierarchical cluster analysis and inferential tests to identify associations between anomalies with 95% confidence intervals (IC). A <em>p</em> value of&lt;.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Records were obtained corresponding to 1,904 patients with a mean age of 10.69 <span><math><mrow><mo>±</mo><mspace></mspace></mrow></math></span>5.06 años. Dental anomalies were found in 35.5% of patients, with hypodontia of upper lateral incisors (9.3%) and palatal impaction of upper canines (9.2%) being the most frequent. Multiple anomalies occurred in 10.4% of patients. Five associative patterns were identified, with the strongest link observed between upper lateral incisor hypodontia and palatal impaction of upper canines (<em>p</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This large-scale study provides new insights into the co-occurrence of dental anomalies, supporting the hypothesis of common genetic factors. The identified patterns may facilitate early detection and risk prediction in orthodontic planning.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Identifying associative patterns of dental anomalies through cluster analysis enables early detection of related conditions, such as predicting canine impaction from lateral incisor hypodontia, improving orthodontic diagnosis, treatment planning, and preventive strategies in pediatric and orthodontic patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145358056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isobutyric Acid Regulates Gelatinase Secretion by Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Via NF-κB Signalling","authors":"Ying Tu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyao Fu ,&nbsp;Xinjie Ning ,&nbsp;Huiling Zheng ,&nbsp;Li Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Guo ,&nbsp;Minglei Huang ,&nbsp;Hanxi Cao ,&nbsp;Haoran Chen ,&nbsp;Yonglu Jia ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Duan ,&nbsp;Yang Liu ,&nbsp;Caixia Pi ,&nbsp;Biao Ren ,&nbsp;Chengcheng Liu ,&nbsp;Jing Xie","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Periodontitis is primarily an inflammatory condition initiated by bacterial dysbiosis. Isobutyric acid, a metabolite derived mainly from subgingival pathogenic bacteria, induces apoptosis and cancer cell metastasis. However, its role in periodontitis remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of isobutyric acid on the destruction of periodontal tissue and the underlying mechanisms involved.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The concentration of isobutyric acid in the saliva of clinical subjects was detected via liquid chromatography‒mass spectrometry. Isobutyric acid local injection models in 5-week-old male Sprague‒Dawley rats and an isobutyric acid treatment model of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) were established to explore the effect of isobutyric acid on periodontal tissue destruction. Alveolar bone resorption in the rats was evaluated via microcomputed tomography. The activity and expression of gelatinases (MMP-2/MMP-9) and signalling proteins in hPDLSCs and periodontal tissues were detected via zymography, western blotting, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A higher concentration of isobutyric acid was detected in the saliva of individuals with gingivitis and periodontitis than in that of healthy individuals. Local injection of isobutyric acid induced damage to periodontal soft tissues and increased resorption of alveolar bone in rats. Under <em>in vitro</em> conditions, isobutyric acid increased the activity of gelatinases in hPDLSCs, and isobutyric acid-regulated gelatinase secretion occurred mainly via the activation of NF-κB (p-p65) signalling. In rat periodontal tissues, the effects of isobutyric acid on the expression of gelatinases and NF-κB (p-p65) were verified.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed a direct interaction between the metabolite isobutyric acid and hPDLSCs through the regulation of the activity of gelatinases, which partially explains the degradation of periodontal tissue and resorption of alveolar bone.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103966"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145345056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P. Gingivalis LPS Drives Osteoclastogenesis and Impairs Osteoblast Differentiation by Suppressing Sema3A/Nrp1 Via TLR-4","authors":"Jingyi Feng ,&nbsp;Dongjie Fu ,&nbsp;Sandeth Phan ,&nbsp;Xiaoli Hu ,&nbsp;Quan Xing","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study demonstrates that the Sema3A/Nrp1 pathway confers protection against Porphyromonas gingivalis LPS (P-LPS)-induced osteolysis and identifies key molecular mechanisms involved.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The effect of P-LPS on Sema3A/Nrp1 expression assessed in the preosteoclast cell line (RAW267.4) and primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) using Real-time-PCR, western blot and ELISA. The effect of recombinant Sema3A on RAW267.4 cell and BMSC proliferation under P-LPS treatment was determined by CCK8 assay. Osteoclastic and osteoblastic markers gene was analysed by Real-time-PCR. ALP activity and mineralization were tested in BMSCs for osteoblast differentiation. TRAP staining and activity were measured for osteoclast differentiation. Micro-CT was applied to analysed P-LPS-induced calvarial osteolytic model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>P-LPS induced significantly downregulated Sema3A/Nrp1 expression in both the preosteoclast cell line (RAW267.4) and primary mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Moreover, P-LPS exposure elevated osteoclastic gene expression, increased TRAP activity and promoted RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation. However, these effects of promotion were attenuated by Sema3A administration. In addition, P-LPS impaired osteoblast differentiation in BMSCs, as evidenced by depressed osteogenic markers, attenuated β-catenin transcriptional activity, and diminished mineralization, all of which were rescued by Sema3A supplementation. Intriguingly, Sema3A alleviated P-LPS-induced repression of proliferation in BMSCs but did not affect the proliferation of RAW267.4 cells. Furthermore, P-LPS downregulated the expression of Sema3A/Nrp1 via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4). Additionally, an in vivo study revealed that Sema3A administration markedly ameliorated P-LPS-mediated inflammatory osteolysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our data identify the Sema3A-Nrp1 axis as a P-LPS–sensitive regulator of bone homeostasis, offering therapeutic potential to reverse infection-induced osteolysis through dual modulation of osteoclast and osteoblast activities. Sema3A attenuated PLPS- driven bone loss via concurrent osteoclast inhibition and osteoblast stimulation</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Our work identifies the above dual-targeting mechanism as a foundation for novel therapies against infection-related oral osteolysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103941"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145345062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Age-Related Bone Density Variations on Dental Implant Stability and Success Rates: A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Ting Gong ,&nbsp;Li-qiu Wang ,&nbsp;Xu Tong ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Lin-jing Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Dental implant success depends on factors such as age and bone density; this study evaluates how age-related bone density changes affect implant stability and survival.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study included patients receiving dental implants at the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (March 2019-2024). Peri-implant bone density was measured by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in Hounsfield units (HU) at coronal and apical sites 1, 2, 3, and 6 months postoperatively. The primary outcome was implant stability, assessed with resonance frequency analysis (RFA). Secondary outcome was early implant failure within 6 months. Implant success required stability without mobility or infection. Quality of life was the tertiary outcome, measured using the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1,621 subjects with 1,821 implants were analyzed. Older adults (66-80 years) demonstrated lower bone density and stability, with markedly higher early failure (14.56%) and infection rates (22.78%, both <em>P &lt; .</em>001), compared with younger groups (failure rate: 4.99% in 20-35 years; 1.07% in 36-50 years; 0.64% in 51-65 years). At 6 months, cumulative implant survival declined to 85.4% in the 66-80 years group versus &gt;95% in younger groups. Logistic regression further identified age (OR = 0.481, <em>P = .</em>014) and low bone density (OR = 1.89, <em>P = .</em>019) as significant risk factors for early implant failure. The model showed good discrimination (AUC = 0.823) and acceptable fit (Nagelkerke R² = 0.21), supporting the robustness of these estimates.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Age-related bone loss may impair implant success. Older adults showed higher early failure risks, while younger patients experienced greater QoL gains, suggesting a need for age-specific, personalized implant strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103942"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Papillomavirus Infection as a Risk Factor for Oral Leukoplakia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Joud Taha ,&nbsp;Sajesh K. Veettil ,&nbsp;Swagatika Panda ,&nbsp;Divya Gopinath","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical neoplasia has been well documented. Nonetheless, its correlation with the progression of oral cancer and oral leukoplakia (OL) remains contentious. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive meta-analysis to examine the most recent evidence on the association between HPV infection and OL.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The protocol was registered in the International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocol, INPLASY (INPLASY202540033) and complied with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses, PRISMA 2020 requirements. A systematic literature review was performed using the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus and Wiley Library without any date or time restrictions to identify observational studies that documented any association between HPV and OL. A pooled odds ratio (OR) estimate and its associated 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated utilising the random effects model. The I² statistic and Cochran's Q test were used to evaluate heterogeneity among studies. Sensitivity analysis and credibility ceiling tests were conducted to assess the robustness of the findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The database search retrieved 1716 articles, out of which 32 articles were selected for final analysis, meeting the inclusion criteria. The overall pooled OR and the corresponding 95% CI, estimated from a total of 1236 cases and 2916 controls in a random-effects model, demonstrated a positive association between HPV detection in OL (OR = 3.16; 95% CI, 2.06-4.95). OL was more strongly associated with high-risk HPV than low-risk HPV (OR = 5.42; 95% CI, 2.52-11.69 and OR = 1.90; 95% CI, 1.10-3.29, respectively). The sensitivity analysis and credibility ceiling test validated the robustness of the finding.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Oral HPV infection, especially with high-risk HPV, is significantly associated with OL. Further prospective trials are encouraged to validate these results and elucidate the exact role of HPV in OL.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103944"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145329088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Analysis of 1093 Non-Syndromic Supernumerary Teeth From 782 Patients in Northwest China: Clinical, Radiographic and Epidemiological Insights","authors":"Xin Xue ,&nbsp;Haozhen Wang ,&nbsp;Tianyu Zhang,&nbsp;Wenlong Li,&nbsp;Xinwei Li,&nbsp;Shukai Sun,&nbsp;Lian Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><div>This study investigated the epidemiological, clinical and radiologic characteristics of non-syndromic supernumerary teeth (ST) using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and provided references for the clinical management of ST.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical and CBCT image data from 782 patients (1093 ST) were collected. The age, sex and chief complaint of the patients, as well as the number, location, morphology, orientation, crown position, eruption status and complications of the ST, were recorded for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The male-to-female ratio was 2.30:1. A single supernumerary tooth was observed in most cases (64.2%) and located in the maxillary central incisor region (89.3%). Most ST were conical, inverted, unerupted, palatally positioned and had complete root development. A total of 57.82% of the ST caused complications. About 53.45% of patients discovered ST by taking X-ray. Chief complaints varied significantly by age group (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Morphology, location, orientation, crown position and root development varied significantly by eruption status and complication type (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Location, morphology, orientation, crown position and eruption status varied significantly by region (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). Significant differences in complications were noted among the different age groups (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study provides a reference for the clinical management of non-syndromic ST in children, emphasising the importance of early screening, precise diagnosis (particularly with CBCT) and personalised treatment. Clinicians should adopt comprehensive, stratified intervention strategies to optimise outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Significance</h3><div>Our findings provide a comprehensive understanding of the characteristics of ST in children, offering new insights for clinical management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Health Records in Dentistry: Relevance, Challenges and Policy Directions","authors":"Falk Schwendicke ,&nbsp;Sergio E. Uribe ,&nbsp;Muhamad Walji ,&nbsp;Walter Lam ,&nbsp;Antonin Tichy","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electronic health records (EHRs) have helped to transform modern healthcare by enabling structured, interoperable, and patient-centred information systems that connect providers, support research, and empower patients. Dentistry, however, has been slower to achieve full integration into national and international EHR frameworks, risking isolation from the broader health data ecosystem. This narrative review examines the global context of EHR development, the opportunities and risks for dentistry, and the policy directions that can guide successful integration. Drawing on international experience, national case studies, and the insights of both the FDI World Dental Federation’s Consensus Statement on Integrated EHRs and FDI’s Policy Statement on EHRs, the review highlights both the benefits and challenges of linking dental and medical records. Core oral and general health indicators that should be included in integrated systems are discussed, and relevant standards and interoperability frameworks presented. The paper concludes in a presentation of the FDI Policy Statement on EHRs, outlining practical recommendations, as well as a call to action to ensure that oral health is fully embedded within the digital health transformation. Comprehensive, secure, interoperable, patient-centred EHRs that integrate oral and systemic data on equal footing with medicine, built on common standards, auditable privacy and access controls, equitable patient and provider usability, and sustainable, routinely evaluated workflows, are essential to improve quality and safety of care, enable research and public-health monitoring, and support accountable, data-driven dentistry across settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103964"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro Comparison of Cytotoxicity and Osteoclastogenesis of Four Bioceramic Sealers in Murine Bone Marrow Cells","authors":"Zhuo Chen ,&nbsp;Xiaoyue Sun ,&nbsp;Zijun Wang,&nbsp;Zhengrui Chang,&nbsp;Lingxin Zhu,&nbsp;Li Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Root canal sealers are indispensable in endodontic therapy, but the diffusion of their chemical components into periapical tissues may trigger osteoclast activation and bone resorption. This study aims to evaluate the pH values of 4 calcium silicate-based bioceramic sealers (C-root SP, iMTA SP, iRoot SP and NeoSEALER Flo) and their effects on the cell viability of osteoclast precursor cells, while further exploring their regulatory roles in receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis <em>in vitro</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>After pH measurement of sealer extracts, the cell viability following sealer treatment was quantitatively assessed using the Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, while tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining and phalloidin staining were employed to evaluate RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and fibrous actin (F-actin) ring formation, respectively. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and Western blot analyses were conducted to examine the expression patterns of osteoclast-related genes and proteins.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>All sealer extracts exhibited alkaline properties. Low-concentration sealer extracts exhibited no significant impact on cell viability, whereas high-concentration extracts (50 mg/mL) displayed time-dependent cytotoxic effects. Notably, all tested sealers exhibited inhibitory effects on osteoclast differentiation, with NeoSEALER Flo demonstrating the most potent suppression. This was evidenced by a reduction in the formation of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells, disruption of F-actin ring organisation, and a coordinated downregulation of osteoclast-related gene and protein expression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>All tested sealers showed no obvious cytotoxicity at low concentrations and exhibited varying degrees of inhibitory effects on osteoclast formation and function. Among them, NeoSEALER Flo extracts showed the strongest inhibitory effect on osteoclasts.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>NeoSEALER Flo, a calcium silicate-based bioceramic sealer, effectively minimises cytotoxicity while inhibiting osteoclast formation and activity. This suggests that it may effectively prevent periapical tissue destruction and promote bone healing in apical periodontitis, highlighting its promising potential as a root canal obturation material.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation of Disulphidptosis in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma","authors":"Xuhui Zhang ,&nbsp;Churen Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Huang ,&nbsp;Yijuan Wang ,&nbsp;Qiusheng Xu ,&nbsp;Yiping Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103955","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103955","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><div>Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a highly aggressive relatively common cancer that poses a serious threat to patient health, leading to significant economic burdens on healthcare systems. This study was designed to investigate the expression levels of disulphidptosis-related genes (DRGs) in OSCC and assess their potential as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We used in-depth bioinformatics analysis of RNA sequencing data from the public databases, as well as functional enrichment analysis, survival analysis, immune cell infiltration levels and single cell analysis, to assess DRG expression in OSCC samples. Fifteen highly elevated DRGs, including inverted formin 2 (<em>INF2</em>) and destrin (<em>DSTN</em>), were investigated, and their expression in OSCC samples was validated by real-time PCR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of these 15 DRGs correlated with patient survival rates and immune cell infiltration patterns. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are engaged in the regulation of essential biological processes, including the cytoskeleton and focal adhesion, indicating their importance in tumour development and tumour microenvironment interactions. Furthermore, receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed that the area under the curve for these DRGs ranged between 0.651 and 0.932, indicating their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. The mRNA expressions of <em>INF2</em> and <em>DSTN</em> were increased in OSCC samples. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis emphasised the predominant expression of DRGs in cancer cells.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>INF2</em> and <em>DSTN</em> could serve as valuable biomarkers for the early detection and prognosis of OSCC, potentially impacting future therapeutic strategies. However, further research, including laboratory validation and clinical trials, is essential to explore the therapeutic targeting of <em>INF2</em> and <em>DSTN</em> and their effects on the immune microenvironment in OSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div><em>INF2</em> and <em>DSTN</em> have been shown to be independent predictors of overall survival and progression-free survival in OSCC patients. Integrating tumour node metastasis staging with these DRG features could significantly improve the accuracy of prognosis prediction. This will help clinicians to more accurately assess the risk of recurrence and death in patients, and to guide more individualised plans for postoperative follow-up intensity and frequency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103955"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated Age and Sex Estimation From Dental Panoramic Radiographs","authors":"Natnicha Sributsayakarn ,&nbsp;Thanapong Intharah ,&nbsp;Natthanich Hirunchavarod ,&nbsp;Suchaya Pornprasertsuk-Damrongsri ,&nbsp;Varangkanar Jirarattanasopha","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.103967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Age and sex estimation, which is crucial in forensic odontology, traditionally relies on complex, time-consuming methods prone to human error. This study proposes an AI-driven approach using deep learning to estimate age and sex from panoramic radiographs of Thai children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study analyzed 4627 images from 2491 panoramic radiographs of Thai individuals aged 7 to 23 years. A supervised multitask model, built upon the EfficientNetB0 architecture, was developed to simultaneously estimate age and classify sex. The model was trained using a 2-phase process of transfer learning and fine-tuning. Following the development of an initial baseline model for the entire 7 to 23-year cohort, 2 primary age-stratified models (7-14 and 15-23 years) were subsequently developed to enhance predictive accuracy. All models were validated against the subjects' chronological age and biological sex.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The age estimation model for individuals aged 7 to 23 years yielded a root mean square error (RMSE) of 1.67 and mean absolute error (MAE) of 1.15, with 71.0% accuracy in predicting dental-chronological age differences within 1 year. Age-stratified analysis revealed that the model showed superior performance in the younger cohort (7-14 years), with RMSE of 0.95, MAE of 0.62, and accuracy of 90.3%. Performance declined substantially in the older age group (15-23 years), where RMSE, MAE, and accuracy values were 1.87, 1.41, and 63.8%, respectively. The sex recognition model achieved good overall performance for individuals aged 7 to 23 years (area under curve [AUC] = 0.94, accuracy = 87.8%, sensitivity = 89%, specificity = 87%). In contrast to age estimation, sex recognition performance improved notably in the older cohort (15-23 years): AUC of 0.99, 94.7% accuracy, 92% sensitivity, and 98% specificity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This novel AI-based age and sex identification model exhibited good performance metrics, suggesting the potential to serve as an alternative to traditional methods as a diagnostic tool for characterizing both living individuals, as well as deceased bodies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 6","pages":"Article 103967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145312807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}