International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Periodontal and Gastric Diseases: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"Qinghua Liu ,&nbsp;Ying Zhang ,&nbsp;Fengxiang Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (Hp) infection has been implicated in both gastric and extra-gastric diseases, including periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This meta-analysis investigated the association between <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> (Hp) infection and periodontitis by systematically reviewing eight studies. The analysis was conducted using the R package “meta,” employing both fixed effects and random effects models. The level of heterogeneity among the studies was assessed using the I-squared statistic and tau values. Publication bias was evaluated through funnel plots, Begg's rank correlation, and Egger's regression tests to ensure the robustness of the findings.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The meta-analysis included a total of 6061 observations, with 1404 cases of periodontitis. The fixed effects model produced an odds ratio (OR) of 2.3392 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.0207-2.7078), and the random effects model yielded a similar OR of 2.3220 (95% CI: 2.0050-2.6892). The I-squared statistic indicated low to moderate heterogeneity among the studies. Subgroup analyses demonstrated consistent associations across different Hp diagnostic methods.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Hp infection is significantly associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, highlighting its role in both gastric and oral health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1510-1521"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patent Analysis of Dental CBCT Machines","authors":"Andy Wai Kan Yeung ,&nbsp;Andrew Nalley ,&nbsp;Kuo Feng Hung ,&nbsp;Anne Caroline Oenning ,&nbsp;Ray Tanaka","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has become a crucial imaging tool in modern dentistry. At present, a review does not exist to provide comprehensive understanding of the technological advancements and the entities driving the innovations of CBCT. This study aimed to analyse the patent records associated with CBCT technology, to gain valuable insights into the trends and breakthroughs, and identify key areas of focus from manufacturers.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The online patent database called The Lens was accessed on 3 January 2025 to identify relevant patent records.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 706 patent records were identified and analysed. The majority of over 700 CBCT patents was contributed by CBCT manufacturers. The United States was the jurisdiction with most patent records, followed by Europe and China. Some manufacturers hold patent records for common features of CBCT systems, such as motion artifact correction, metal artifact reduction, reconstruction of panoramic image based on 3D data, and incorporation of artificial intelligence.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patent analysis can offer valuable insights into the development and advancement of CBCT technology, and foster collaboration between manufacturers, researchers, and clinicians.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The advancements in CBCT technology, as reflected by patent trends, enhance diagnostic accuracy and treatment planning. Understanding these technological innovations can aid clinicians in selecting the most effective imaging tools for patient care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1493-1498"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Versus Airflow® in Debriding Ti-Attached S. mutans Biofilms","authors":"Minh Dien Tran,&nbsp;Sheetal Maria Rajan,&nbsp;Hien Ngo,&nbsp;Amr Fawzy","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.12.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Effective management of biofilm-associated peri-implantitis requires the eradication of microbial biofilms to control disease progression and preserve implant osseointegration. However, achieving complete biofilm removal remains a challenge. High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) is an emerging technology offering non-ionizing radiation, no extraneous materials, and minimal residuals or aerosols. This in vitro study compared the effectiveness of HIFU and a commercial air-pressured abrasive method (Airflow®) in removing <em>Streptococcus mutans</em> biofilms attached to Titanium (Ti) discs.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Bacterial biofilms were grown on 36 pairs of machined (M) and roughened (R) Ti discs for 10 days. Biofilms in the test group (12 pairs) were treated with the optimized HIFU for 2 min in a water medium and the residual biofilms were examined using two imaging methods, confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and three quantitative methods including crystal violet (CV), 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and flow cytometry (FCM) assays for biomass, bacterial viability, and live/dead bacterial counts respectively. The data from the test and the control samples (untreated and Airflow® treated) were subjected to ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey's test to determine the statistical differences between the groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Except the MTT data from M discs, the findings showed that both HIFU and Airflow® methods achieved similar levels of bacterial debridement, removing over 99% of bacteria in FCM assays (99.8 ± 0.16% versus 99.3 ± 0.49% for M discs, 99.96 ± 0.02% versus 99.5 ± 0.37% in for R discs). Complete biofilm removal was noted in HIFU-treated samples compared to the Airflow® in SEM images.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion and clinical relevance</h3><div>Our findings indicate that both novel HIFU and traditional Airflow® methods were equally effective in removing the <em>S. mutans</em> biofilms from titanium disc surfaces. Further research is needed to explore the clinical application of HIFU in managing peri-implantitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1532-1543"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study of Quadratic-Linear Correlations Between Cephalometric Measurements and Profile Esthetics in Adult Orthodontic Patients","authors":"Visessan Pornsirianand ,&nbsp;Janeta Chavanavesh ,&nbsp;Pimsiri Kanpittaya ,&nbsp;Anupap Somboonsavatdee","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Modern orthodontics prioritises the soft tissue paradigm as the main treatment goal. This study used quadratic and/or linear regression to identify cephalometric variables related to profile attractiveness, expanding on previous bivariate analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cross-sectional study comprised 180 post-treatment lateral cephalograms of 18 to 37 year-old orthodontic patients, equally distributed among 3 profile types (concave, straight, and convex), each comprising 60 cases with balanced sex representation. Profile silhouette attractiveness score (dependent variable) was rated by 30 orthodontists and 30 laypeople using a 5-point Likert scale. Cephalometric parameters (105 independent variables) were analyzed using Dolphin and ImageJ software. Factor analysis identified closely related variables, and 41 selected cephalometric variables were used in correlation and multiple regression analyses to explore their relationships with attractiveness scores separately for orthodontists and laypeople using the R programming language.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Quadratic correlations were stronger than linear in both groups' perspectives. For laypeople, throat length (linear), facial contour angle, interlip angle, mentolabial angle, and lip-chin-throat angle (quadratic) significantly correlated with attractiveness scores. For orthodontists, nasolabial angle and throat length (linear), upper lip position to facial plane, mentolabial angle, and lip-chin-throat angle (quadratic) significantly correlated with attractiveness scores. Combined quadratic-linear regression models yielded adjusted R² = 0.5628 for laypeople and adjusted R² = 0.5241 for orthodontists.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Soft tissue cephalometric variables, including throat length, mentolabial angle, and lip-chin-throat angle, should be the key treatment goals for esthetic facial profiles. Facial contour and interlip angles are also important to laypeople.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Orthodontists should focus on modifying the soft tissue cephalometric variables of the lower face area to improve the patient esthetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1472-1481"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KLF2 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Regulating Nrf2 Expression","authors":"Jiujiu Chen ,&nbsp;Lichao Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are emerging as a promising source for periodontal regeneration and to manage periodontitis. This study aims to investigate the roles of Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in mediating osteogenic differentiation of human PDLSCs (hPDLSCs) in the context of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The osteogenic differentiation potential of hPDLSCs isolated from human premolar root samples were examined by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and ALP activity assay, Alizarin red S staining and quantitative analysis of mineralised matrix. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and glutathione (GSH) concentration were assessed to reflect oxidative stress.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>KLF2 overexpression influenced Nrf2-regulated transcription, leading to significant increases in GSH concentration, ALP activity, mineralised matrix formation, and RUNX2 expression in LPS-stimulated hPDLSCs, as well as significant reductions in ROS production and cell apoptosis. The subsequent Nrf2 knockdown impaired the protective effect of KLF2 on hPDLSCs against LPS stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings of the study demonstrate KLF2 overexpression has the ability to promote the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs by promoting Nrf2 activation, suggesting that KLF2 mediating Nrf2 could be a promising target to facilitate the efficacy of PDLSC-based bone regeneration in periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1554-1563"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Dental Care Delivery in Poland: A Single-Center Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Kacper Łaganowski ,&nbsp;Martyna Ortarzewska ,&nbsp;Agata Czajka-Jakubowska ,&nbsp;Anna Surdacka ,&nbsp;Kacper Nijakowski","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare systems, including dentistry. This retrospective analysis aims to evaluate long-term changes in the spectrum of performed dental procedures due to the COVID-19 pandemic based on the example of the university specialized centre in Poznan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We explored the patient dataset from the University Center of Dentistry and Specialized Medicine (Poznan, Poland) covering the period from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2023. Services performed during the prepandemic (2017-2019), pandemic (2020), and postpandemic (2021-2023) periods were compared. Selected procedures in restorative dentistry, endodontics, dental surgery, and dental radiology were analyzed in detail, including data for both children and adults.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our study analyzed a total of 342,112 patient medical records, including 158,882 conservative procedures and 101,556 surgical procedures. During the pandemic, there was a significant reduction in conservative procedures, particularly commercial services. In the postpandemic period, the number of refunded restorations and endodontic treatments for anterior teeth increased significantly, which was not observed for commercial procedures. A notable disruption between surgical and conservative procedures occurred during the first wave of the pandemic. The prepandemic period and the first quarter of the year were more conducive to conservative and endodontic treatments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant long-term shift from preventive and conservative dentistry into surgical interventions. Although the overall number of services provided has increased, more patients are opting for procedures that do not require out-of-pocket expenses.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The pandemic has a lasting impact on the clinical decisions made by dental patients, with a greater preference for reimbursed and surgical services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1544-1553"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Arch Development of Chinese Adolescents: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Chao Liu ,&nbsp;Jieyi Chen ,&nbsp;Mengjuan Cui ,&nbsp;Zhengliang Wang ,&nbsp;Wentao Shi ,&nbsp;Siyuan Du ,&nbsp;Yang Feng ,&nbsp;Manfei Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenxia Li ,&nbsp;Shufei Ge ,&nbsp;Bing Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Understanding the patterns of dental arch development is crucial for precise diagnosis and management of malocclusion in adolescents. However, large-scale, region-specific analyses based on big data are scarce.This study aimed to identify the dental arch growth patterns of Chinese adolescents to refine early orthodontic treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cross-sectional analysis was conducted using 3D digital impressions from 5951 Chinese adolescents, collected between July 2020 and June 2021. AI-assisted measurements delineated dental arch dimensions, which were analyzed using locally weighted regression to chart developmental trends and Lasso regression to explore influencing factors, with a particular focus on geographical variances.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences in dental arch dimensions were observed between genders and across different latitudes. Males generally displayed larger arch dimensions than females of the same age. The dental arches experienced rapid growth before age 13.7 in males and 13.1 in females, with limited growth potential in later years, with regional disparities evident in the magnitude of dental arch dimensions. These variations were prominently associated with geographical latitude, underscoring the influence of environmental factors on dental arch development.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive study provides valuable regional insights into the dental arch development of Chinese adolescents, facilitated by advanced AI methodologies. The fitted curves of age-specific dental arch offer valuable insights for optimizing early orthodontic treatment strategies. The findings advocate for region-tailored orthodontic planning and highlight the potential of AI in enhancing the precision of orthodontic treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Our study of 5951 3D dental models reveals gender and geographical differences in arch growth, highlighting pre-teen rapid growth and later limitations, informing treatment planning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1482-1492"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Hygiene and Lifestyle in Disadvantaged Schools in North-Eastern Hungary","authors":"Ildikó Faragó,&nbsp;Tímea Egri,&nbsp;Mihály Kovács,&nbsp;Andrea Rucska","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Oral hygiene and the development of good health habits play an important role in maintaining overall health and achieving a good quality of life, thereby influencing self-confidence and psychological and somatic well-being. The aim of our research was to draw attention to the poor oral hygiene indicators of marginalised and disadvantaged groups and to look for correlations between different health behaviours and lifestyles.</div></div><div><h3>Methods and data</h3><div>Our research covered the prevalence of dental caries (decayed, missing, and filled teeth [DMFT] value), their dental visits and brushing habits, their lifestyle, psychosomatic state, and self-evaluation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sample characteristics: n = 429 (318 primary school students + 111 high school students), mean age 11.5 (SD:3.2) years. One-third of the students lived in overcrowded, uncomfortable homes, 33.3% of which had no piped water supply. Nearly 40% of students reported that there was a dentist in their village, but 73% only visited a dentist when they had a toothache. Nearly half of students brush their teeth every morning and evening, but only a third receive more than 1 toothbrush a year. Many do not even have a toothbrush or only get one if their family can afford it. More than two-thirds of students consume sugary drinks and snacks after brushing their teeth in the evening. A high percentage (51.6%) were found to have acute gingivitis, and 47.8% of students were diagnosed with chronic gingivitis. The DMFT value was high at 6 (SD: 3.2), with a significant positive correlation between these values and post-toothbrush evening meals (<em>p</em> &lt; .019). A total of 24% of the study group consumed alcohol regularly, and there was a high prevalence of smoking. The DMFT index showed a significant correlation (<em>P</em> &lt; .036) with alcohol consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The cumulatively disadvantaged youngsters’ oral hygiene and health behavioural habits show serious arrears, where unmotivated family background, low income, lack of dental education, and unavailable health care/preventive services all play an important role.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1499-1507"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to 'Socket Preservation Using Platelet-Rich Fibrin and Free Gingival Grafts' [International Dental Journal, Volume 75, Issue 1, February 2025, Pages 345-351].","authors":"Haya Hesham Abdel-Latif Afifi, Shaimaa Saieed Nasr, Munerah Saleh BinShabaib, Shatha Subhi Alharthi, Mona Shoeib","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Starvation Regulates Autophagy of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells Through Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Mechanistic Target of RAPAMYCIN Axis","authors":"Mianxing Wei ,&nbsp;Yujie Wu ,&nbsp;Qian Yang ,&nbsp;Zheng Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiaomei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and Aims</h3><div>Human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) play a pivotal role in periodontal tissue remodelling, a process essential for orthodontic tooth movement (OTM). Autophagy, a survival mechanism under cellular stress, is induced by nutrient deprivation and impacts hPDLC function. This study aimed to explore the role of autophagy in the adaptive response of hPDLCs to nutritional stress, an environment simulating conditions during OTM.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nutrient deprivation in hPDLCs was modelled through serum starvation. Autophagy levels and relevant markers were assessed using electron microscopy, protein assays, and gene expression analyses. Emphasis was placed on adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signalling, specifically phosphorylation of AMPKα at Thr172, as a regulatory node in autophagy induction. Loss- and gain-of-function approaches were utilized to investigate the role of Thr172 in AMPK-mediated autophagy under nutrient stress.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings indicated a marked increase in reactive oxygen species-mediated autophagy in hPDLCs under nutrient deprivation. This process was significantly regulated by AMPK activation through Thr172 phosphorylation, establishing AMPK as a critical factor in autophagy induction during cellular adaptation to nutritional stress.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Nutritional stress enhances reactive oxygen species-mediated autophagy in hPDLCs via AMPK signalling, underscoring the role of autophagy in cellular adaptation during OTM. Targeting the AMPK pathway could provide novel insights for optimizing orthodontic treatment by leveraging cellular adaptive mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying autophagy in hPDLCs opens potential therapeutic pathways to improve OTM outcomes. Modulating autophagy may lead to advances in orthodontic therapies that facilitate periodontal tissue remodelling, enhancing clinical effectiveness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1461-1471"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}