International dental journal最新文献

{"title":"Matrix Stiffness Regulates the Osteogenic Differentiation of hPDLSCs via DNA Methylation","authors":"Rong Ding ,&nbsp;Chen Chen ,&nbsp;Ling Wang ,&nbsp;Yijie Wang ,&nbsp;Zhen Chai ,&nbsp;Siyu He ,&nbsp;Qianqian Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuli Cheng ,&nbsp;Rui Zou","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.02.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the influence of matrix stiffness on osteogenic differentiation via epigenetic mechanisms in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs), with implications for understanding orthodontic tooth movement.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>hPDLSCs were cultured on substrates with varying stiffness (soft and stiff). Dot blot and immunofluorescence techniques were employed to measure global DNA methylation levels. RT-qPCR and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assays were conducted to assess differences in DNA methylation and osteogenic potential. Additionally, ELISA was used to quantify DNA methyltransferase content and activity.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>hPDLSCs on stiffer substrates exhibited increased 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and higher global DNA methylation levels than those on soft substrates. With increased matrix stiffness, DNMT3A and DNMT3B mRNA expression levels rose. hPDLSCs on stiff matrices also showed elevated DNMT3B enzyme content and osteogenic activity. When global DNA methylation was reduced, mRNA levels of RUNX2, ALP, and Col-1 decreased, along with a notable reduction in ALP staining intensity in the inhibitor group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Matrix stiffness is positively associated with global DNA methylation, with DNMT3B likely mediating this regulation in hPDLSCs. Furthermore, DNA methylation levels are positively linked to the osteogenic capability of hPDLSCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143895830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CTSK as a Collagen Degradation Marker Induces Gingival Recession During High-Force Orthodontic Tooth Movement","authors":"Yanfang Wang ,&nbsp;Yili Xu ,&nbsp;Yutong Lu ,&nbsp;Xinying Su ,&nbsp;Yonghua Lei","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Gingival recession is a common complication of orthodontic treatment that affects both aesthetics and periodontal health. While traditionally associated with bone resorption, recent research suggests that Cathepsin K (CTSK) play a significant role in collagen fibre degradation within periodontal connective tissues. This study combines animal experiments and clinical research to investigate whether CTSK plays a role in the process of gingival recession during orthodontic tooth movement (OTM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An OTM model was created using the maxillary first molar in mice. Differences in gingival tissue thickness and height between experimental and control groups were statistically analysed. Additionally, in the clinical study, CTSK expression in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was assessed. CTSK mRNA expression in gingival crevicular fluid was evaluated in orthodontic patients, comparing healthy and gingival recession groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>High-force OTM significantly decreased the thickness and height of mesial gingival tissues (<em>P</em> &lt; .005). In the gingival recession group, the number of cells within the region of interest (ROI) decreased, while the number of CTSK+ cells increased significantly (<em>P</em> &lt; .0005). RT-qPCR analysis showed that CTSK mRNA expression in GCF of gingival recession patients was significantly higher than in the control group (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>High-force orthodontic tooth movement induced gingival recession in mice. The results of the animal experiment suggested that CTSK contributes to collagen fibre degradation in gingival connective tissue, leading to recession. Studies of human GCF have further supported the role of CTSK as a marker of collagen degradation in gingival recession.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>These findings may offer new insights for the clinical management of complications such as \"black triangles\" following orthodontic treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100810"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Serum Albumin and Periodontitis Across Disease Subgroups: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Junwei Xiang ,&nbsp;Yuhang Cai ,&nbsp;Qingping Yu,&nbsp;Zhongqing Zhu,&nbsp;Yuanyin Wang,&nbsp;Ran Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines the association between serum albumin (sALB) levels and periodontitis severity, focusing on subgroup differences and nonlinear relationships. It extends previous findings, which were limited to chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study utilized data from 8352 participants in the NHANES 2009 to 2014 survey cycles. sALB and periodontitis were the exposure and outcome variables. Logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline curves were used to investigate the relationship between the two. Additionally, subgroup and interaction analyses were conducted to assess the stability of the findings. All statistical analyses considered the complex survey design.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A significant negative association was observed between sALB and periodontitis status (aOR 0.94, 95% confidence intervals: 0.93-0.96, <em>P</em> value &lt;.001). The strength of this association may be influenced by participants’ gender, CKD status, and hypertension status. Among participants with sALB levels below 35 g/L (defined as hypoalbuminemia), no significant association with periodontitis was observed, even in those with CKD. Restricted cubic spline analysis demonstrated an inverted U-shaped relationship between sALB levels and periodontitis, with a threshold effect at 38 g/L. Above this inflection point, higher sALB levels were significantly associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis (<em>P</em> &lt; .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>ALB levels were inversely associated with moderate and severe periodontitis, with an inverted U-shaped relationship observed in this study. The differences among subgroups warrant further research.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>Maintaining appropriate sALB levels may be beneficial for periodontal health. Further research is needed to confirm its role in periodontitis prevention and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tooth Loss Leads to Cognitive Impairment and Mitochondrial Disturbance in Wistar Rats","authors":"Shixiang Meng ,&nbsp;Yunping Lu ,&nbsp;Jiangqi Hu,&nbsp;Bin Luo,&nbsp;Xu Sun,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Wang,&nbsp;Qingsong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The link between tooth loss and cognitive impairment has become increasingly significant. Recent findings suggest that mitochondrial alteration in hippocampal neurons may mediate this relationship.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the mediating role of mitochondria in the relationship between tooth loss and cognitive function in Wistar rats.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Male Wistar rats (n = 20, 12 weeks old) were randomly divided into tooth extraction (TE) and sham groups. The model was established through upper molar extraction and sham operation respectively. Cognitive evaluations were performed using Morris water maze (MWM) test 8 weeks after the model establishment. Hippocampal neuron morphology was observed. Mitochondrial function was evaluated by ATP level and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Mitophagy assessment involved conducting immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining of PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1), Parkin (E3 ubiquitin ligase), translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOMM20), and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3). Additionally, mitophagy protein alterations were analyzed using western blotting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Memory impairment in the TE group was obvious 8 weeks after model establishment. Substantial hippocampal mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in the TE group, evidenced by notably decreased ATP production, decreased MMP level, and abnormal mitochondrial morphology in the hippocampus. Diminished mitophagy was detected by immunofluorescent staining, and further confirmed by immunostaining and western blotting, indicating diminished mitophagy marker levels in PINK1 and Parkin, along with decreased LC3II/I ratios and elevated Sequestosome-1 (SQSTM1/P62) levels, highlighting hippocampal mitophagy deficiency following tooth loss.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Tooth loss leads to mitochondrial disturbance and inhibits PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy in hippocampal neurons, inducing cognitive impairment.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>This study reveals mitochondria may mediate the effect of tooth loss on cognitive function, offering a theoretical basis for the prevention of oral health-associated cognitive decline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 4","pages":"Article 100818"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143891290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Temporomandibular Disorders Using a Jaw Motion Analyzer and Surface Electromyography","authors":"Rundong Zhang,&nbsp;Danping Lai,&nbsp;Feiyun Zhang,&nbsp;Bo Qiao,&nbsp;Jiayi Chen,&nbsp;Yanzhen Zhang,&nbsp;Ziyu Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Quantification of mandibular movement allows both dynamic and static evaluation of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) status, which would provide important information in temporomandibular disorders (TMD) diagnosis and treatment. The ultrasonic Jaw Motion Analyzer (JMA; zebris) system could analyse the 3-dimensional motion of the mandible without any radiation. Using the JMA, this study aimed to investigate the differences in mandibular movements and masticatory muscle activities among patients with different diagnoses of anterior disc displacement based on TMJ magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seventy-four adult subjects with 148 TMJ were divided into 3 groups based on MRI: the No Disc Displacement (NDD), the Anterior Disc Displacement with Reduction (ADDWR), and the Anterior Disc Displacement without Reduction (ADDWoR). The JMA and surface electromyography (sEMG) were used to measure several mandibular movements and sEMG. Comparison and correlation analysis were performed among groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant differences were found between NDD, ADDWR, and ADDWoR in the following items: the incisal range of motion during right and left laterotrusion, maximum mouth opening, the surface area of Posselt envelope movement in the frontal plane, condylar range of motion in opening movement, and sEMG of masseter during maximum voluntary clenching.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Significant differences were found in mandibular movements and muscle activity between patients with NDD, ADDWR, and ADDWoR.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>The JMA and sEMG provide important information on mandibular movement and muscle activities, which may provide additional insights into TMD diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1843-1853"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143873869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Immune Cell Phenotypes With Oral Cancer: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomisation Study","authors":"Yanran Yang,&nbsp;Jiamin Xu,&nbsp;Yanzhu Lu,&nbsp;Zhenxing Tang,&nbsp;Jiajun He","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study is to assess the potential causal relationship between immune cell phenotype and oral cancer using Mendelian randomisation analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analysis using summary statistics from genome-wide association studies in European populations was conducted to explore causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes and the risk of oral cancer. Inverse-variance weighting, MR-EGGER, simple mode, weighted median, and weighted mode were applied for MR analysis. Sensitivity analyses, including the Steiger test, Cochran's Q test, Egger intercept, and leave-one-out analysis, were performed to assess the robustness of the results. Additionally, colocalisation analysis was carried out to further validate causal associations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 immune cell phenotypes were identified as risk factors for oral cancer, while 6 immune cell phenotypes demonstrated protective effects. Sensitivity analyses indicated a lack of robustness in four causal relationships. Genetic variants at rs9469077 on chr6 might be shared between CD28^–CD127^–CD25⁺⁺CD8br AC of regulatory T cells and oral cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This MR study provides evidence for a strong association between immune cells and oral cancer, highlighting specific immune cell phenotypes as significant risk factors for the development of oral cancer. These findings offer a foundation for future precision immunotherapy strategies for oral cancer. Further studies are required to confirm the relationship between immune cells and oral cancer risk and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Relevance</h3><div>This study confirms the potential relationship between specific immune cell phenotypes and oral cancer, providing theoretical support for future immunotherapy against oral cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1808-1817"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Non-SMC Condensin I Complex Subunit D2 Upregulation on Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Prognosis","authors":"Qingying Cui ,&nbsp;Shuai Fu ,&nbsp;Diping Yu ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Yong Li","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2024.03.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To explore the influence of non-SMC condensin I complex subunit D2 (NCAPD2) on the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and the correlation between NCAPD2 and OSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this study, NCAPD2 gene expression profiles of OSCC and normal tissues were collected from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was employed to preliminarily validate OSCC cell strains and normal epithelial cell strains. Besides EdU, cell scratch, and transwell assays were performed to assess the proliferation, migration, and invasion of OSCC cell strains with the silence of NCAPD2. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was utilised to measure the expression of NCAPD2 and tumour-related markers in 74 OSCC specimens. Finally, the Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to evaluate the influence of NCAPD2 in the prognosis of OSCC.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The expression of NCAPD2 in OSCC tissues was higher than that in normal tissues. Inhibiting NCAPD2 can reduce the proliferation and migration of OSCC cell lines and inhibit the invasion of these cells. The IHC staining results indicated that the high expression of NCAPD2 in OSCC tissues was positively correlated with T stages, Ki67 expression, and affected sites. The Kaplan-Meier analysis results validated that the up-regulated expression of NCAPD2 was significantly correlated with the poor overall survival (OS) of OSCC patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NCAPD2 is a potential molecular marker for the poor prognosis of OSCC, and it is expected to become a target for the treatment of this carcinoma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1818-1827"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143834553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HDAC9-Mediated Pyroptosis Promotes Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption","authors":"Lin Chen ,&nbsp;Limin Liu ,&nbsp;Tianwei Lin ,&nbsp;Zhihui Mai ,&nbsp;Hongfei Lu ,&nbsp;Bingxue Hu ,&nbsp;Junhao Huang ,&nbsp;Hong Ai","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction and aims</h3><div>Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is a common iatrogenic outcome of orthodontic treatment. Both epigenetic modifications and pyroptosis have demonstrated a certain role in OIIRR. This study aims to investigate whether epigenetic modifications regulate pyroptosis to be involved in OIIRR.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Rat model of OIIRR was established, and the periodontal tissues were utilized for H&amp;E staining, TRAP staining, immunofluorescence, transcriptome sequencing, and RT-qPCR analysis. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPDLFs) were overexpressed with <em>HDAC9</em>, treated with pyroptosis inhibitor, incubated with osteoclast, and then subjected to CUT&amp;Tag sequencing.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Orthodontic force increased the distance of orthodontic tooth movement and the abundance of osteoclast. Transcriptome sequencing identified that <em>Hdac9</em> was upregulated in the periodontal tissues of OIIRR rats compared to the control. Immunofluorescence revealed that HDAC9 was present in periodontal ligament fibroblasts, with reduced fluorescence of HDAC9 in OIIRR compared to the control. <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression in hPDLFs induced pyroptosis and promoted osteoclast differentiation. These effects were reversed by pyroptosis inhibitor. CUT&amp;Tag analysis showed that <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression resulted in an enrichment of deacetylated genes on mitochondrial dysfunction-associated pathways. CUT&amp;Tag-PCR analysis confirmed reduced H3K9ac enrichment on the mitochondrial dysfunction-associated genes <em>VPS13D, AQP1, PEX2, CDK1</em>, and <em>PLEKHA1</em> after HDAC9 overexpression, and RT-qPCR analysis revealed a corresponding decrease in their respective expression levels. Accordingly, the ROS level was also increased by <em>HDAC9</em> overexpression.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HDAC9-mediated histone deacetylation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and pyroptosis in hPDLFs, thereby promoting osteoclast differentiation and OIIRR progression.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical relevance</h3><div>This study reveals the regulatory mechanism of pyroptosis in OIIRR from the perspective of epigenetic modifications, providing new insights into the pathogenesis of OIIRR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 1828-1842"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143838314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Alkaline Phosphatase and Periodontitis: The Mediating Role of Cranial Bone Mineral Density","authors":"Qiuling Tang ,&nbsp;Miao Yang ,&nbsp;Qingfeng Xiao,&nbsp;Chaojie Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Periodontitis is a common chronic disease characterized by the destruction of periodontal tissues and the resorption of alveolar bone, which severely impacts the quality of life of patients. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), as a crucial marker of bone metabolism, is involved in the bone formation process. However, the mechanisms linking ALP to periodontitis remain unclear. Bone mineral density (BMD) of the skull is an important indicator reflecting bone mineral content and bone strength, yet its mediating role in the relationship between ALP and periodontitis has not been thoroughly investigated.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to explore the association between serum ALP and the risk of periodontitis and to evaluate the potential mediating role of cranial BMD in this relationship, with the goal of providing new insights into the etiology of periodontitis and informing treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from periodontitis patients from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2011 to 2014 were utilized with ALP as the independent variable, periodontitis as the dependent variable, and cranial BMD as the mediating variable. A logistic regression model was used to analyse the relationship between ALP and periodontitis, and subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the association between ALP and periodontitis in different subgroups. Restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to explore the nonlinear relationship between the two. Additionally, mediation analysis was employed to study the potential mediating role of cranial BMD on the association between ALP and periodontitis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>After adjusting for confounding variables, ALP showed a significant positive association with periodontitis (OR: 1.006, 95% CI: 1.002-1.011, <em>P</em> &lt; .05). Subgroup analyses showed that this association was particularly pronounced in males, drinkers, and individuals lacking physical activities. RCS analysis revealed a nonlinear relationship between ALP and periodontitis (<em>P-non-linear</em> = 0.0006), with a threshold level of 68 U/L. The mediation analysis revealed that cranial BMD played a mediating role of 2.71% in the relationship between ALP and periodontitis (<em>P =</em> .006). Furthermore, ALP was significantly negatively correlated with cranial BMD (β = −0.0016, 95% CI: −0.0024 to −0.0007, <em>P &lt;</em> .001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Elevated serum ALP levels were positively associated with an increased risk of periodontitis, and cranial BMD partially mediated this association. Monitoring ALP levels may contribute to the early diagnosis and intervention of periodontitis, while targeting bone metabolism regulation could offer a novel direction for the treatment of periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Validation of Ferritinophagy-Related Biomarkers in Periodontitis","authors":"Yi-Ming Li ,&nbsp;Chen‑Xi Li ,&nbsp;Reyila Jureti ,&nbsp;Gulinuer Awuti","doi":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.identj.2025.03.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>While ferritinophagy is believed to play a significant role in the development of periodontitis, the exact mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the biomarkers associated with ferritinophagy in periodontitis using transcriptomic data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Two periodontitis-related datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus, GSE10334, and GSE16134, served as the training and validation cohorts, respectively. Additionally, 36 ferritinophagy-related genes (FRGs) were obtained from the GeneCards database. We compared the expression differences of FRGs between the periodontitis and control groups, identifying the different FRGs as candidates. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was applied to capture the key modules and modular genes related to periodontitis, utilizing the candidate FRG scores as trait. Then we intersected these with key module genes to identify differentially expressed FRGs. Hub genes were filtered using a protein-protein interaction network. Ultimately, biomarkers were acquired through machine learning, receiver operating characteristic curves, and expression levels. In addition, biomarker-associated immune cells and functional pathways were analysed to predict the upstream regulatory molecules.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In total, 18 candidate FRGs showed significant differences between the periodontitis and control groups, and from the protein-protein interaction network, eight hub genes were identified among the 175 differentially expressed FRGs by analysing 1096 differentially expressed genes and 4479 key modular genes. Eventually, ALDH2, diazepam binding inhibitor, HMGCR, OXCT1, and ACAT2 were identified as potential biomarkers through machine learning algorithms, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, and gene expression assessments. In addition, resting dendritic cells, mast cells, and follicular helper T cells were positively correlated with the five biomarkers (Cor &gt; 0.3 and <em>P</em> &lt; .05). All five biomarkers are involved in the translation initiation pathway, including transcription factors like KLF5 and microRNAs such as hsa-miR-495-3p and hsa-miR-27a-3p. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that all biomarkers were expressed at low levels in the periodontitis group. However, the differences in expression levels for OXCT1 and ACAT2 between groups were not statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>A total of five ferritinophagy-related biomarkers – ALDH2, diazepam binding inhibitor, HMGCR, OXCT1, and ACAT2 – were screened to explore new treatment options for periodontitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13785,"journal":{"name":"International dental journal","volume":"75 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}