International Journal of Bioassays最新文献

{"title":"Pharmacognostical studies of in vivo grown garden plant and in vitro generated plantlets from nodal explants of Justicia adhatoda L.","authors":"M. Bhawna, Santosh Kumar, R. Kumar","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"Justicia adhatoda L. (Family: Acanthaceae) has been exploited in India because of rich source of polyphenolic compounds which are used in stress related therapy. The Pharmacognostical study includes preliminary phytochemical screening of alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids and saponins which were confirmed in both in vivo grown garden plants as well as in vitro generated plantlets of J adhatoda . Explants inoculated on MS medium supplemented with different combination of auxins and cytokinins were successfully employed; combination of NAA (0.5µg/ml) and BA (2.0µg/ml) for nodal explants was found to be effective concentration to obtain plant regenerants from nodal explants. Rooting in the regenerants was also successfully initiated on transfer into half MS basal medium, supplemented with IBA (1.0 µg/ml). Addition of ADS (0.5µg/ml) in the above combinations of phytohormones induced multiple shoot from nodal explants. After hardening for 35 days in highly humidified acclimatized room, nearly 70 % of rooted plantlets survived in the field. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids and saponins in the methanol and aqueous extracts of both in vivo grown garden plants and in vitro genereated plantlet samples. Further analysis of the extracts on Thin Layer Chromatography and spectrophotometric estimation confirmed the presence of vasicine alkaloids in these extract samples with marked difference in quantity.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"136 1","pages":"5230-5235"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89492105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Water melon seed bodies in wrist? An unusual and rare case of tuberculous arthritis with water melon seed bodies","authors":"Deesha Bhemat, Mallinath Basalingappa Hoogar, R. Dhar, Atul K. Jain, Avni Gupta, V. Naik, Avani Jain, Urshlla Kaul","doi":"10.21746/ijbio.2017.02.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"Tuberculosis primarily affects lungs, though involvement of extra-pulmonary sites is on a relative rise in the backdrop of increased incidence of immune compromised disorders such as HIV/AIDS. The extra-pulmonary sites which are most commonly involved are lymph nodes, genitourinary tract, bone marrow, CNS and musculoskeletal system. Tuberculosis of musculoskeletal system includes bones, joint, bursas and tendons or tenosynovium, the incidence of which is rare. Though tuberculosis involves various parts of musculoskeletal system, involvement of wrist and hand is quite rare. Since the involvement of joints of wrists by tuberculosis is very uncommon. Early diagnosis of tuberculosis of wrist is often difficult, in as much as clinical manifestations of other arthritides mimic tuberculous tenosynovitis. Many times, operative findings of melon seed bodies are characteristically suggestive of tuberculosis. The case being presented here is unique and unusual one, which characteristically presented with intraoperative finding of numerous water melon seed which are considered in literature to be helpful in diagnosis of tuberculous arthritis.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"11 1","pages":"5236-5239"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89186753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on zooplankton diversity with physicochemical parameters of Hukal river, Kodinar, Gujarat, India.","authors":"N. Chavada, A. Y. Desai","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Plankton refers to plants and animals that drift with the ocean currents and fresh river water. they habitants in the open waters of the sea and fresh river water. Zooplankton (from Greek zoon, or animal) are Small protozoans or metazoans (e.g. crustaceans and other animals) that feed on other plankton and telonemia. Some of the eggs and larvae of larger animals, such as fish, crustaceans and annelids, are included in Zooplankton. Physico-chemical parameters are very important factors that play a significant role in river zooplankton diversity and fluctuation. We evaluated impact of Abiotic factor on plankton diversity during pre, middle and post winter analysis of Hukal River","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"21 1","pages":"5286-5291"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78271788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Copepod parasites of marine fishes Gazza achlamys (Jordan & Starks, 1917) and Ariomma indica (Day, 1871) from Visakhapatnam coast, Andhra Pradesh, India.","authors":"K. S. Prasad, K. Sreeramulu, N. Prasad","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"A survey has been conducted to collect copepod parasites from G azza achlamys (Jordan & Starks, 1917) and Ariomma indica (Day, 1871) off Visakhapatnam coast. Altogether, seven copepod species were identified. They are Caligus kuroshino ( Shiino, 1960), Bomolochus decapteri (Yamaguti, 1936), Bomolochus nothrus (Wilson, 1913), Pseudartacolax lateolabracis (Yamaguti et al., 1959), Pumiliopes opisthopteri (Shen, 1957), Lernanthropus amphitergum (Pearse, 1951) and Lernanthropus ilishae (Chin, 1948). A list of hosts parasites and brief description of these parasites has given in this paper.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"86 1","pages":"5278-5285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80590169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biosorption of lead by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste landfill, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.","authors":"G. Ramakrishna","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"Soil, the basic resource for the life on earth is getting polluted because of the release of different contaminants into it. So, the reduction of soil pollution is the main thrust of most researchers. The contaminants include different components released from different industries and the waste is getting accumulated in the soil because of improper processing. Electronic waste is the most up growing waste in the world. As the electronic industries are progressing the waste that is produced after the usage of the products is also increasing day by day. As a result, the heavy metals which are the main components in electronic goods leach and accumulate in the soil because of informal processing procedures. Poisonous substances such as lead, tin, mercury, cadmium and barium which are the constituents of the electronic goods get discharged into the environment and cause serious health and pollution problems if the electronic waste is not processed properly. The present study focuses on biosorption of lead, an important component of many electronic goods by Bacillus licheniformis isolated from E-waste dump yard soil in Hyderabad, Telangana, India. The adsorption studies were carried out using Atomic adsorption spectrophotometer. The adsorption capability of Bacillus licheniformis with different metal concentrations ranging from 10ppm to 25ppm was analyzed and it was observed that the bacteria could reduce 74.94% of 10ppm, 78.9% of 15ppm, 83% of 20ppm and 89.39% of 25ppm lead from the medium. Temperature has a prominent role in metal adsorption by bacteria. At 31 0 C and 37 0 C the adsorption was high. The % of metal adsorbed at 16 0 C was 30.56%, at 31 0 C (Room Temperature) was 56.54 % at 37 0 C was 58.79% and at 60 0 C it was 36.31%. The present study is proposed to explore bacteria for the determination of their tolerance capacity in and around the areas of Hyderabad where heavy metal ions are leached and observe for their biotransformation capabilities.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"47 1","pages":"5240-5244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83964918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Polymorphisms in alcohol metabolizing genes ADH2 and ADH3 and susceptibility to pancreatitis in alcoholics","authors":"Aaren Vedangi, S. Godi, Girinadh L.R.S.","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"In both developed and developing countries, overuse of alcohol is a considered as the major cause of acute and chronic pancreatitis. Prolonged overconsumption of alcohol for 5–10 years typically precedes the initial attack of acute alcoholic pancreatitis. It is observed that only a minority (around 5%) of alcoholics develop pancreatitis. It is now established that the pancreas has the capacity to metabolize ethanol. Previous studies have shown that there are two major pathways of ethanol metabolism, oxidative and non-oxidative. Oxidative ethanol metabolism involves the conversion of ethanol to acetaldehyde, a reaction that is catalysed by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ADH) with contributions from cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP2E1) and possibly also catalase. Genetic factors regulating alcohol metabolism could predispose in developing alcoholic pancreatitis (AP). We investigated the association of polymorphisms in ADH enzymes with the alcoholic pancreatitis in North coastal Andhra Pradesh. Patients with alcoholic pancreatitis (AP;  n  = 100), alcoholic controls (AC;  n  = 100), and healthy controls (HC;  n  = 100) were included in the study. Blood samples were collected from the subjects in EDTA coated vials. DNA was extracted and genotyping for ADH2 and ADH3 was done by PCR-RFLP (polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism). The products were analysed by gel electrophoresis. The frequency distribution of ADH3 * 1/ * 1 genotype was significantly higher in AP group (54%) compared with AC (35%), and HC (42%), and was found to be associated with increased risk of alcoholic pancreatitis. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency distribution of ADH3 * 1/ * 1, ADH3 * 1/ * 2, and ADH3 * 2/ * 2 genotypes between AC and HC. There was no statistically significant difference between the frequency distribution of ADH2 * 1/ * 1, ADH2 * 1/ * 2, and ADH2 * 2/ * 2 genotypes in AP compared with AC and HC. This study shows that carriers of ADH3 * 1/ * 1 individuals consuming alcohol are at higher risk for alcoholic pancreatitis than those with other genotypes such as ADH3 * 1/ * 2 and ADH3 * 2/ * 2.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"5 1","pages":"5297-5300"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73721815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative foliar studies in saline sand and fresh water soil - grown Trigonella foenum - graecum Linn. plants","authors":"M. Kapoor, S. Sasikumar","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetable markets in Mumbai sell “methi” at two stages of growth, the full grown vegetative to flowering stage and another at two cotyledonary-leaves stage. The latter are commonly grown in the sandy beaches of Mumbai whereas the former are the regular soil-grown ones. The beach grown Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants are watered with saline beach- well waters whereas the soil-grown ones are watered with regular fresh water. The research work focused on studying the impact of this difference in growing conditions on many growth parameters, viz., morphology, anatomy and biochemical analyses of the sand and soil-grown plants in addition to sand, soil and water analyses. Current paper deals with the impact of these different growing conditions on some foliar parameters viz., anatomy, stomatal index, palisade ratio and venation patterns, in the two types of Trigonella foenum-graecum L. plants.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"1 1","pages":"5304-5308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90965760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of H.pylori and Cag-A on the infertility among males","authors":"N. Berwary","doi":"10.21746/ijbio.2017.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Among infertility factors, the immunological factor that associated with humoral immunity against sperm antigens is one of the causes of human infertility. A hypothesis for the induction of anti-sperm antibodies (ASA) is the cross-reactivity of spermatozoa antigens and exogenous antigens including; bacteria, viruses, fungi and allergens. The presence of anti-sperm Ab, anti- H.pylori and Cag-A and its effect on infertility among male and female have been found. In the current study, 129 male and 38 females (18-59 years) participated. Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA) used for detection of ASA, anti- H.pylori Ab and Cag A. The seminal fluid examination test was performed according to an examination and processing of human semen. H.pylori infection can be observed among both of infertile male and females who participated in this study. A significant difference in mean values was observed between the presence of ASA, anti- H.pylori Ab and Cag-A (P-value < 0.000). P-value < 0.000 also observed between Cag A and ASA according to the trauma of testes. The result of the current study showed that about one of a third of males who participated in this study have a history of a microbial infection that can lead to the destruction of testes barrier thus result in the production of auto-antibodies against sperms.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"63 1","pages":"5292-5296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75833548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Milk adulteration: A chronic fear of real time","authors":"N. Khan, M. Chittora","doi":"10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/IJBIO.2017.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"Milk is a vital commodity in every day existence. It isn't always only a source of accurate first-rate protein, however additionally of calcium and riboflavin besides other vitamins. Milk being a complex mixture and a liquid food can easily be adulterated. According to PFA-1954 (prevention of food adulteration act) definition, “Milk is the normal mammary secretion derived from complete milking of healthy milch animal without either addition thereto or extraction there from.” Milk contains more than 100 substances that are either in solution, suspension or emulsion in water, the important being casein - the major protein of milk, lactose - milk sugar, whey and mineral salts. Because of regulations laid through FSSAI, maximum of the milk products follow suitable nice within the marketed merchandise but still some adulterations have been observed through the course of time. However, merchandise to growth the yield certain adulterants are introduced which might also have an effect on the nutritional best of milk. The adulteration has been located by and large in milk, curd, Butter and Ghee having water content being extra, but in few samples urea and starch was also discovered. For this reason, the write up truly brings the reality that milk and milk products might be adulterated.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"36 1","pages":"5301-5303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89785382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on aerobic bacteriological profile and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of isolates from pus samples in a tertiary care hospital","authors":"Gomathi Maniyan","doi":"10.21746/ijbio.2017.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21746/ijbio.2017.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"Pyogenic infections are characterised by local and systemic inflammation usually with pus formation which may be either endogenous or exogenous and polymicrobial or monomicrobial  (3) . As definitive antimicrobial is based on the culture of the organisms and their susceptibility pattern, empirical treatment is a must in debilitated and deliberately ill patients  (5) . Hence this retrospective study is conducted to investigate the microorganisms and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern from pus samples in a tertiary care hospital. This retrospective study was conducted from October 2016 to December 2016 in the department of Microbiology in a tertiary care hospital. Pus samples received from various departments was subjected to bacteriological culture as per standard protocol. The isolates were then subjected to phenotyping and their antimicrobial susceptibility was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines 2016. Among the total of 209 samples received, 63. 64% (133) showed positivity for microbial growth and 9. 02 % (12) were polymicrobial and 90. 98% (121) showed single growth. 80. 45 % (107) were males and 19. 55 % (26) were females. Gram positive cocci accounts for 39. 85 %( 53), Gram negative bacteria 63. 15 % (84),  Diphtheroids  2. 26 % (3) and  Candida  3. 01 %(4).  Staphylococcus aureus  22. 56% (30) were the majority among them followed by  Pseudomonas spp ., 21.05% (28),  Escherichia coli  14. 29%(19),  Enterococc i 12.78% (17),  Klebsiella spp . 11.28% (15),  Proteus spp.,  10.53% (14),  Acinetobacter spp.,  6.02% (8),  Streptococci  4.76% (5),  Candida  3. 01 % (4) each. The antibiogram of  S. aureus  and  Enterococci  showed 100% susceptibility to Linezolid and Vancomycin.  E. coli  was most susceptible to Imipenem and Meropenem 94. 74% followed by Cefoperazone – Salbactum and Piperacillin and Tazobactum 89.43%.  Pseudomonas  showed 89.29% susceptibility to Meropenem followed by Imipenem 85.71%, Piperacillin – Tazobactum 85.71% and Amikacin 82.14%.  Klebsiella  showed 100% susceptibility to Imipenem followed by Piperacillin - tazobactum 73.33%.  Proteus  showed 100% susceptibility to Piperacillin – tazobactum and Imipenem, Meropenem 92. 86%. Acinetobacter showed higher susceptibility to Meropenem 50%. Our study concludes that empirical treatment should be initiated based upon the data obtained from the bacteriological profile and the antimicrobial surveillance in every institution. It is also insisted to perform periodic surveillance on the changing trends in the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern to combat the evolving the resistance in each institution.","PeriodicalId":13765,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Bioassays","volume":"73 1","pages":"5317-5320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83173073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}