The Russian Sociological Review最新文献

{"title":"From Macrohistory to Historical Macrosociology: Toward the Heuristics of the New Research Approach","authors":"Oleg Boguslavsky","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2017-2-348-353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2017-2-348-353","url":null,"abstract":"Review: Sergey Sergeev, Russkaja nacija, ili Rasskaz ob istorii ee otsutstvija [Russian Nation; or, The Narrative of the History of Its Absence] (Moscow: Centrpoligraf, 2017) (in Russian).","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115446878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Other in Science Fiction as a Problem for Social Theory","authors":"Bystrov Vladimir, Kamnev Vladimir","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2020-4-61-81","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2020-4-61-81","url":null,"abstract":"The paper discusses science fiction literature in its relation to some aspects of the socio-anthropological problem, such as the representation of the Other. Given the diversity of sci-fi genres, a researcher always deals either with the direct representation of the Other (a creature different from an existing human being), or with its indirect, mediated form when the Other, in the original sense of this term, is revealed to the reader or viewer through the optics of some Other World. The article describes two modes of representing the Other by sci-fi literature, conventionally designated as scientist and anti-anthropic. The scientist rep-resentation constructs exclusively-rational premises for the relationship with the Other. Edmund Hus-serl’s concept of truth, which is the same for humans, non-humans, angels, and gods, can be considered as its historical and philosophical correlate. The anti-anthropic representation, which is more attractive to sci-fi authors, has its origins in the experience of the “disenchantment” of the world characteristic of mod-ern man, especially in the tragic feeling of incommensurability of a finite human existence and the infinity of the cosmic abysses. The historical and philosophical correlate of this anti-anthropic representation can be found in Kant’s teaching of a priori cognition forms, which may be different for other thinking beings. The model of an attitude to the Other therefore cannot be based on rational foundations. As a literary ex-ample where these two ways of representing the Other are found, we propose the analysis of The Martian Chronicles by Ray Bradbury, which, on the one hand, offers the fictional extrapolation of the colonization of North America and the inevitable contacts with its indigenous population. On the other hand, The Martian Chronicles depicts a powerful and technologically advanced Martian civilization, which disap-pears for some unknown reason, or ceases to contact the settlers. The combination of these two ways of representing the Other allows Bradbury to effectively romanticize and mystify the unique historical experience of colonization, thus modifying the Frontier myth.","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124478929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Concept of Intention in Anscombe’s Philosophy of Action","authors":"A. Mishura","doi":"10.17323/1728-192x-2018-2-87-114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2018-2-87-114","url":null,"abstract":"This article critically examines Elisabeth Anscombe’s philosophy of action. Anscombe’s theory of intentional action was presented in her monograph Intention (1957), which is now an acknowledged classic of analytic philosophy. Intention established the field of analytic philosophy of action, defined the main problems of the field, and largely determined its further development. However, the study of Intention is complicated by the author’s methodology, her writing style, and the lack of any kind of a clear summary of the results of her inquiry. The aim of this paper is to present Anscombe’s theory of intentional action in a comprehensible way without oversimplifying her genuine thought. The first part of the paper contains some brief biographical information about Anscombe’s life and philosophical development, the social and philosophical context of Intention, and its place in Anscombe’s philosophy in general. The second part of the paper explains the basic structure of Intention, states its general task, presents the central line of reasoning and the main arguments, highlights the particular theses and questions that significantly influenced the development of the analytical philosophy of action. The resulting interpretation demonstrates that Anscombe’s theory passes between the extremes of different versions of Cartesian dualism on the one hand, and the complete negation of the significance of the mental in the theory of action, on the other.","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124720531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Some Features of an Inspiring Book; or: Why Sociologists Should Study Love Despite Its Intangibility","authors":"I. Trotsuk","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2017-4-105-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2017-4-105-118","url":null,"abstract":"Book Review: Eva Illouz. Why Love Hurts: A Sociological Explanation (Cambridge: Polity, 2016).","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"112 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123044430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humanism as Casus Belli: Carl Schmitt’s Critique of Just War Theory","authors":"A. Kumankov","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2015-4-77-91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2015-4-77-91","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the critique of Just War Theory (JWT) which appeared in the works of Carl Schmitt. JWT was revived in the middle of 1900s and was treated as an absolutely secular direction for military ethics. However, being Christian in its origin JWT retained a certain religious reasoning. This call for political morality could be compared to an appeal to divine law, but outside of the Christian context it loses its validity and weight. These features of JWT were noticed by Schmitt who offered the concept of bracketed warfare instead. The bracketing of war was an essential component of jus publicum Europaeum and it presupposed the recognition of an enemy as equal. Bracketed war was defined in political and legal terms and did not presuppose moral or religious evaluation of armed conflicts. In the 20th century bracketing of war was replaced with discrimination of war as morally and legally unacceptable act. JWT served as a theoretical foundation for this change. Though it is the prerogative of JWT to prove itself as an attempt at humanism, the invasion of morality into politics, from Schmitt’s perspective dehumanizes the enemy and increases the totality of a conflict. Schmitt insisted on purifying the political sphere from all moral constituents in order to make it more balanced. A mere political approach to war made Schmitt’s theory of bracketed war more humane and reasonable than JWT.","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121869133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge and Consciousness as a “World-Constructing” Tool: A Multidisciplinary Perspective","authors":"Denis Podvoyskyi","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2018-1-274-301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2018-1-274-301","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122713945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Position of the Priest in Gift-Exchange Systems","authors":"N. Emelyanov, G. Yudin","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2018-3-9-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2018-3-9-29","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we argue that the priest has a unique structural position to initiate and promote gift exchange. Gift exchange is an important mode of economic integration, one that prevents both cutthroat competition and a parasitic dependence on a centralized hierarchy. In dwelling on gift exchange theory, we demonstrate why the promotion of gifts is largely suppressed nowadays: Marcel Mauss’ second imperative of the gift, that is, the obligation to receive gifts, becomes inoperative under neoliberal capitalism. We rely on Marshall Sahlins’ and Chris Gregory’s analyses to argue that gift giving can be de-blocked by introducing the position of the ‘excluded participant’ who takes part in the gift exchange system but is known to have no self-interest. His presence enables other participants to accept gifts without being afraid of falling into personal bondage. We analyze the Christian theological ideas of the function of the priest in reaching the conclusion that priests are predisposed to take the position of the ‘excluded participant’. On one hand, the priest in persona Christi acts neither on his own behalf nor for his own self-interest, while on the other hand, he remains a member and governor of the community. Historical sources confirm that generating the gift exchange has always been the key activity of priests in Christian communities.","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"263 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122930398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Conspiracy of Silence: Interfaces of the Sacred and the Political in the Discursive Practices of Modern Russia","authors":"S. Kaspe","doi":"10.17323/1728-192x-2018-2-9-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2018-2-9-38","url":null,"abstract":"Who in modern Russia speaks about the what, when, and how of the mutual implications of the sacred and the political? As the article’s primary focus, it is shown that almost no-one produces coherent, well-articulated narratives, with the exception of some representatives of higher state authorities (however, not the state as such), the anti-clerical intelligentsia (who have neither political representation nor political influence), and the Islamic community (which concentrates predominantly on their own internal disagreements). The nature of a “powerful” narrative is thoroughly investigated. It is shown that its nature is rather close (although with some reservations) to the phenomenon of “political religion” as in Emilio Gentile’s meaning. In the second focus, the reasons of the avoidance of deliberations on the right and wrong interfaces of the sacred and the political of most officials of the Russian Orthodox Church are presented. It is demonstrated that the most likely reasons for this “silence” consists in the inevitable case of the violations of the questioning of the legitimacy of modern Russian state itself. Finally, some scenarios of disruption of the unstable equilibrium that still exist on the dividing line between the Russian sacred and the Russian political are outlined.","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124600225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservatives in Search of the Future","authors":"A. Teslya","doi":"10.17323/1728-192x-2015-1-274-285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192x-2015-1-274-285","url":null,"abstract":"Review: Konservativnye modeli rossijskoj gosudarstvennosti[Conservative Models of Russian Statehood] by Alexander Repnikov (Moscow: ROSSPEN, 2014) (in Russian)","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130775369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Ghost of Cesarism and the Fourth Dimension of Democracy","authors":"E. Blinov","doi":"10.17323/1728-192X-2017-1-314-325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17323/1728-192X-2017-1-314-325","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":137616,"journal":{"name":"The Russian Sociological Review","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116118890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}