全球化的社会-人类衍生物:国际移民和人口流动的性别效应

Alisa Tolstokorova
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引用次数: 2

摘要

本文旨在分析全球化的社会人类衍生品的新兴子类别,在其早期的历史经验中,人类并不熟悉。人们认为,全球化所造成的国际移徙和人员流动日益增加,加强了这些子类别。本文从性别效应的角度来看待它们,并阐明了以下过程;独立旅行的妇女所占比例不断增加,导致国际移徙的女性化;由于生殖劳动的新的性别分工和需要主要从第三世界“新穷人”征聘低技术工作的劳动力市场的世界城市的增长而引起的保健全球化;全球北方家庭“护理赤字”带来的带薪家务护理工作全球化,以及对主要由移徙工人从事的妇女带薪家务护理劳动的各自需求;贫穷女性化和国际移徙同时女性化所造成的母性全球化;个人生活、亲密关系和爱的全球化源于人类流动性对家庭纽带和亲属关系的影响;欲望全球化是后工业时代的“潘多拉盒子”,因为它是由“富裕综合症”所激发的,并被钉在“追逐诱饵”上;儿童的全球化,包括孤儿的国际收养、儿童性交易、劳动力贩运和家庭奴役、儿童兵、难民或庇护申请者等过程,以及“世界反恐战争”产生的风险全球化,以及“高度现代性”的全球不确定性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Socio-Human Derivatives of Globalization: Gender Effect of International Migration and Population Mobility
The paper is aimed at the analysis of the emerging subcategories of socio-human derivatives of globalization, unfamiliar to humanity throughout its earlier historic experience. These subcategories are regarded as to be bolstered by increasing international migration and human mobility generated by globalization. The paper regards them in terms of their gender effect, and casts light on the following processes; feminization of international migration caused by the growing share of independently traveling women; globalization of care, incited by the new gendered division of reproductive labour and the growth of world cities requiring a labour market of low-skilled jobs recruited mainly from the third world “new poor”; globalization of waged domestic care work brought about by “care deficit” in households of the Global North and a respective demand in waged care labour of women, performed mainly by migrant workers; globalization of motherhood, resulting from the feminization of poverty and the concurrent feminization of international migration; globalization of personal life, intimacy, and love stemming from the effect of increasing human mobility on family bonds and kinship relationship; globalization of desire as a “Pandora box” of the post-industrial era insofar as it is incited by the “affluence syndrome”, and is pinned on the “chase for lures”; globalization of childhood, covering such processes as international adoption of orphans, child-sex, labor trafficking and domestic slavery, child-soldiers, refugees or asylum claimants, and globalization of risk, generated by the “world war on terror”, and global uncertainty of “high modernity”.
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