International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives最新文献

{"title":"Incorporation of epigallocatechin-3-gallate absorbed onto hydroxyapatite nanoparticles in dental adhesive: Impact on resin dentin-bonding, chemical, and mechanical properties","authors":"Nayara de Oliveira Sousa ,&nbsp;Susana Joice Mendes Maia ,&nbsp;Karlos Eduardo Rodrigues Lima ,&nbsp;Madiana Magalhães Moreira ,&nbsp;Tainah Oliveira Rifane ,&nbsp;Vicente de Paulo Aragão Saboia ,&nbsp;Victor Pinheiro Feitosa ,&nbsp;Sérgio Lima Santiago","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To evaluate the resin-dentin bond strength, chemical and mechanical properties of experimental etch-and-rinse (E&amp;R) and self-etch (SE) adhesives doped with epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) adsorbed on hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles. The groups were divided according to the concentration of HAp/EGCG (epigallocatechin-3-gallate adsorbed on hydroxyapatite nanoparticles) (% wt) and bonding strategies (E&amp;R or SE): 1) Control SE (0 %), 2) Control E&amp;R (0 %), 3) SE-HAp/EGCG 1 %, 4) E&amp;R-HAp/EGCG 1 %, 5) SE-HAp/EGCG 5 % and 6) E&amp;R-HAp/EGCG 5 %. Nanoparticles were incorporated into experimental adhesives. Bar-shaped specimens (n = 6) were prepared to assess flexural strength (FS) and elastic modulus (EM), and the degree of conversion (DC, n = 5) was assessed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Sixty human third molars were sectioned and restored for microtensile bond strength testing (μTBS, n = 10) at 24 h and 6 months in distilled water. Data were analyzed by three-way ANOVA (μTBS) or two-way ANOVA (DC, FS, EM) and Tukey's post-test (α = 0.05). FS and EM increased significantly in the 5 % SE-HAp/EGCG group compared to the control group (p &lt; 0.05). EM decreased significantly in the 1 % SE-HAp/EGCG group, while FS increased in the E&amp;R mode. The addition of HAp/EGCG increased the DC adhesives. For μTBS at 24 h, the E&amp;R- HAp/EGCG 1 %–5 % groups displayed the highest values. After 6 months, HAp/EGCG 1 % (E&amp;R and SE) maintained bond strength (p &lt; 0.001), while the SE control group exhibited a significant decrease in μTBS values. Adhesive failure was predominant in all groups. Incorporating 1 % HAp/EGCG into E&amp;R adhesives enhanced bonding performance, monomer conversion, and material strength, while the 5 % concentration compromised dentin bonding and physicochemical properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104019"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143697187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on the effects of electrochemical oxidation and silane modification applied to fibers in short carbon fiber-reinforced structural adhesives and adhesive joints","authors":"Iclal Avinc Akpinar","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, electrochemical surface treatment and various silane modifications were applied to fiber structures incorporated into adhesives to enhance the performance of bonded systems. Initially, electrochemical oxidation was performed on the fibers added to the adhesive, increasing the active oxygen groups on their surfaces. Subsequently, silanization was carried out using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS) as silane agents, improving the surface energy of the fibers. The structural adhesive used in the study was a two-component epoxy adhesive. Composite adhesives were prepared by incorporating carbon fibers treated with electrochemical oxidation and silane modification at weight fractions of 1 %, 2 %, 3 %, and 4 %, and adhesive joints were fabricated using these modified adhesives. According to the results of surface wettability experiments, carbon fibers cleaned with acetone exhibited highly hydrophobic behavior, while fibers subjected to electrochemical oxidation displayed highly hydrophilic behavior. However, subsequent silanization treatments following electrochemical oxidation transformed the surface wettability of the fibers to hydrophilic behavior. Furthermore, the application of electrochemical oxidation to the fibers increased the adhesive's nominal maximum stress value by approximately 126 %, while subsequent silanization treatments following electrochemical oxidation enhanced the nominal maximum stress value by approximately 177 %. These improvements are also supported by the results obtained from shear tests, with the degree of enhancement varying depending on the fiber content added to the adhesive. Changes in the surface functional groups and surface morphologies of the samples were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143738045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the size of the inter-platelet cation in the montmorillonite and the influence of MMT on the performance of silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives","authors":"Adrian Krzysztof Antosik ,&nbsp;Karolina Mozelewska ,&nbsp;Agata Kraśkiewicz ,&nbsp;Marlena Musik ,&nbsp;Piotr Miądlicki ,&nbsp;Marcin Bartkowiak","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, various types of montmorillonite (H+, Na+, Ca+) were employed as additives for the physical modification of commercially available silicone pressure-sensitive adhesives (Si-PSA). Additionally, a modification of sodium montmorillonite was carried out to obtain the MMT-Al variant. Prior to adding MMTs to the Si-PSA composition, analyses of MMTs were performed using XRD technique. New self-adhesive materials were created by incorporating the prepared fillers into a polymer matrix based on Si-PSA. The new tapes exhibited retained or slightly reduced values of key performance parameters, such as adhesion (10–14 N/25 mm), cohesion (&gt;72h), and shrikage (&lt;0.5 %). Furthermore, tapes with the addition of MMTs showed excellent thermal resistance, reaching application temperatures up to 225 °C, surpassing the measurement limits of the available research apparatus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104021"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143714994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bond strength to aged CAD/CAM composites and polymer-infiltrated ceramic network using a universal adhesive with or without previous application of a universal primer","authors":"Clemens Lechte ,&nbsp;Lisa Sophia Faesser ,&nbsp;Jana Biermann ,&nbsp;Alexandra Schmidt ,&nbsp;Philipp Kanzow ,&nbsp;Annette Wiegand","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To analyse the bond strength to aged CAD/CAM composites and a polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) after different surface pretreatments and the use of a universal adhesive or universal primer and universal adhesive.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Specimens were prepared from CAD/CAM composites (Brilliant Crios, Grandio Blocs, Lava Ultimate, Tetric CAD, Cerasmart270, Katana Avencia, Shofu Block HC) or PICN (Vita Enamic) and artificially aged (5000 cycles, 5–55 °C). The surfaces were left untreated or pretreated by mechanical roughening, aluminium oxide sandblasting, silica coating, or hydrofluoric acid etching (PICN only). The surfaces were further conditioned with a universal adhesive only or a universal primer/universal adhesive (each subgroup n = 12). After application of a composite and further thermal cycling, shear bond strength and failure modes were assessed and statistically analysed by ANOVAs, Weibull statistics, and Chi²-test (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In CAD/CAM composites, highest bond strength values were obtained for sandblasting (mean of all subgroups: 15.7 ± 4.5 MPa) &gt; silica coating (13.5 ± 4.1 MPa) &gt; mechanical roughening (11.3 ± 4.5 MPa) &gt; no pretreatment (4.1 ± 2.3 MPa). The use of a universal primer led to a significant, albeit small increase of bond strength (11.9 ± 6.0 &gt; 10.4 ± 5.6 MPa). In PICN bond strength was: hydrofluoric acid etching (15.2 ± 4.0 MPa) &gt; silica coating (12.2 ± 4.3 MPa) &gt; sandblasting (11.6 ± 5.3 MPa) &gt; mechanical roughening (10.9 ± 7.2 MPa) &gt; no pretreatment (2.8 ± 2.7 MPa). The application of a universal primer led to a significant increase of bond strength (13.5 ± 6.3 &gt; 7.6 ± 5.0 MPa).</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Adhesion to aged CAD/CAM composites mainly requires adequate micromechanical retention, while PICN additionally requires the use of a universal primer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repairability of an alkasite composite: Shear bond strength after different surface treatments","authors":"Clemens Lechte ,&nbsp;Rania Darwiche ,&nbsp;Tim Hausdörfer ,&nbsp;Jana Biermann ,&nbsp;Alexandra Schmidt ,&nbsp;Annette Wiegand ,&nbsp;Philipp Kanzow","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to assess both the repairability of an alkasite composite (base material) and the suitability of an alkasite composite for repairs (repair material) compared to a universal composite used as base and repair material. Different mechanical surface treatments (simulated diamond bur abrasion, air abrasion, silica coating) with or without the additional use of a universal primer were performed. Surface roughness, shear bond strength, and failure modes were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVAs, Weibull analysis, and Chi²-tests (p &lt; 0.05). The base material and the mechanical surface treatment impacted surface roughness (both p &lt; 0.001). The base material did not impact repair bond strength (p = 0.129). For both base materials, air abrasion and silica coating resulted in increased surface roughness compared to control (p ≤ 0.014). Only the mechanical surface treatment, the use of a universal primer, and the applied repair material impacted repair bond strength (all p &lt; 0.001). Overall, mechanical surface treatment by air abrasion or silica coating, application of a universal primer, and repairs using the alkasite composite had a beneficial effect on shear bond strength. The base material, the mechanical surface treatment, and the use of a universal primer impacted the distribution of failure modes (all p &lt; 0.001). For both base materials, most cohesive failures were identified after air abrasion or silica coating. Also, the application of a universal primer led to a higher proportion of cohesive failures. Within the limitations of the study, alkasite composite restorations are suitable for repairs using an alkasite composite or a universal composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104012"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of crosslinking strategies on the performance of fluorinated core-shell waterborne acrylate pressure sensitive adhesives","authors":"Cheng Fang ,&nbsp;Chaobo Wu ,&nbsp;Min Gao ,&nbsp;Long Pan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104016","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104016","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study focuses on the development of high-performance core-shell acrylate latex pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) through fluorination and different crosslinking strategies (core-phase and shell-phase crosslinking). The latex was synthesized via a semi-continuous emulsion polymerization process, using (meth)acrylate monomers as the primary components, along with self-crosslinking monomers of acrylic acid (AA) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA) and the fluorinated monomer of hexafluorobutyl methacrylate (HFMA). During emulsion polymerization, 2–8 wt% ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) (based on total monomers) was introduced into either the core or shell phase to produce a series of fluorinated latexes with varying degrees of crosslinking. A comprehensive evaluation of the latex films was performed using FTIR, XPS, DSC, and TGA, with a focus on surface chemical composition and adhesive properties. The results demonstrate that only introducing EGDMA into the core phase can effectively immobilize fluorinated groups on the film surface. Moreover, the crosslinking strategies allow for precise control over the surface functional groups, tack, and peel strength of the latex films, offering great potential for tailored adhesive performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104016"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A gradient-like thin-walled tube via adhesive bonding for energy absorption","authors":"Jingwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shikuo Wang ,&nbsp;Jingzhou Zhang ,&nbsp;Tianyi Li ,&nbsp;Xi Wang ,&nbsp;Ruixian Qin ,&nbsp;Bingzhi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gradient wall thickness design is a typical method to enhance the energy absorption efficiency of thin-walled structures. Compared with conventional uniform-thickness thin-walled structures, gradient wall structures are mostly fabricated using electrical discharge wire cutting, which significantly increases their production cost and limits their practical engineering applications. This paper proposes a novel approach to fabricate gradient energy-absorbing structures using adhesive bonded metal plate, which enables rapid fabrication while maintaining energy absorption performance. Mechanical experiments were conducted on adhesive joints to calibrate the constitutive parameters of the adhesive layer and determine the thickness of the adhesive layer and surface treatment conditions. Numerical simulations of the out-of-plane compression and crushing behavior of four adhesive-bonded rectangular tube configurations were carried out to analyze their energy absorption characteristics and structural deformation. Based on the experimentally validated model, the effects of adhesive width ratio and wall thickness of metal plate on the energy absorption for these bonded structures were investigated. Finally, a comparative analysis of the energy absorption performance between adhesive-bonded energy-absorbing structures and traditional gradient-thickness structures was conducted to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the adhesive-bonded structures. The results indicate that increasing the adhesive width and thickness of metal plate within a certain range can significantly improve energy absorption performance. However, further increases lead to significant degradation in specific energy absorption, along with an elevated risk of adhesive layer failure at the structural ends. In addition, compared to traditional gradient thin-walled structures, the bonded structure shows improvements of 22.50 %, 19.97 %, and 6.37 % in EA, MCF, and SEA, respectively, demonstrating excellent energy absorption performance and great potential for application.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104015"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and characterization of furfural-based bio-resins from lignocellulosic waste for eco-friendly wood resins","authors":"Faezeh Askari ,&nbsp;Ali Abdulkhani ,&nbsp;Mohammad Azadfallah ,&nbsp;Yahya Hamzeh ,&nbsp;Alireza Ashori","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bio-based resins have emerged as promising alternatives to fossil-based resins in the wood products industry, driven by growing environmental concerns and sustainability demands. While traditional formaldehyde-based resins offer strong bonding at low cost, they present significant drawbacks, including hazardous emissions and poor water resistance. This study explores a novel approach to synthesizing bio-resins from diverse lignocellulosic sources: sugarcane bagasse, birch wood, silver cypress wood, and medium-density fiberboard (MDF) waste, using hydrogen chloride gas for acid hydrolysis. The research focused on developing furfural-based resins through a three-stage process: controlled acid hydrolysis, extraction, and oxidative concentration of the feedstock materials. We employed multiple characterization techniques—spectroscopic analysis, thermal testing, and rheological measurements—to evaluate the resins' chemical composition, thermal stability, and viscoelastic behavior. Among all feedstocks tested, bagasse-derived resin demonstrated superior performance, achieving the highest furfural yield (31.6 %) and exhibiting exceptional water resistance and thermal stability. These enhanced properties stemmed from efficient cross-linking and the material's naturally high pentosan content. Birch and MDF-derived resins showed intermediate performance characteristics, while cypress-based resins yielded lower stability and production efficiency, reflecting variations in source material composition. Our findings establish that bio-resins, particularly those derived from agricultural residues like bagasse, represent viable replacements for synthetic resins in industrial applications. This research lays the groundwork for optimizing renewable material utilization in eco-friendly resin production, supporting the wood industry's transition toward more sustainable manufacturing practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104014"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143641915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal adhesion promoters for enhanced adhesion on metal and polymeric substrates","authors":"Monisha Baby ,&nbsp;C.S. Abhina ,&nbsp;K.P. Vijayalakshmi ,&nbsp;C. Suchithra ,&nbsp;M. Ganesan ,&nbsp;R. Pravin ,&nbsp;Dona Mathew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Universal adhesion promoters, capable of performing on different substrates of varying surface energies have been synthesised from 1,4 butane diol diglycidyl ether and monofunctional amines (MFA) like dopamine (DA) and 2-phenylethyl amine. The adhesion promotion efficiency of these primers was investigated in combination with an epoxy-amine based adhesive system. MFA incorporated primer formulations, EADD and EADP showed superior adhesion over both metallic (steel, Cu and Al substrates) as well as polymeric substrates (HDPE and PTFE). A universal priming concept was derived based on the synthesised monofunctional amine (MFA) incorporated epoxy primers. MFA based primers facilitated 1.2–1.5 fold enhancement in adhesive strength on HDPE and PTFE and 2–2.7 fold higher strength for Al, Cu and Steel compared to their uncoated couterparts. Epoxy amine primers without MFA exhibited lower adhesive strength on metallic and polymeric substrates, proving their efficacy. Mechanism of higher adhesion promoting efficiency of catechol and noncatechol based MFA primers were investigated using experimental and computational studies. Noncatechol amine based primer, EADP showed significantly higher strength on metallic and nonmetallic substrates compared to catechol based MFA. This study offers a fast, neutral and scalable coating strategy, suitable for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104013"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143680379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of corrosion inhibitor modified silane pretreatment on the performance of electrical steel sheets and laminates","authors":"Cornelia Marchfelder ,&nbsp;Gernot M. Wallner ,&nbsp;Marion Reischauer ,&nbsp;Daniel Leidlmair ,&nbsp;Bernhard Strauß","doi":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2025.104010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epoxy varnishes for stacked electrical steel are essential for further development of renewable energy and electric mobility technologies. To enhance the efficiency of the stator, direct cooling solutions are under development. Adherence of the epoxy insulation to the oxidic surface of electrical steel under service-relevant conditions is essential. Hence, silane- and corrosion inhibitor-based pretreatments were assessed as to their impact on the corrosion resistance and the mechanical performance of bonded electrical steel laminates. Low molar mass silanes with glycidyl (GS) or amine (AS) groups were used, along with inorganic and organic corrosion inhibitors, including bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate, cer(III)nitrate, benzimidazole and benzotriazole. Corrosion resistance was tested under alternating humidity and temperature (AHT) and via cyclovoltammetry. Moreover, the roll peel strength (RPS) and fatigue crack growth kinetics (FCG) were examined.</div><div>Corrosion tests revealed superior performance for aminosilane pretreatment. Organic inhibitors slightly improved AHT performance. However, aminosilane pretreatment reduced the roll peel strength, whereas glycidylsilane pretreatment with inhibitors had no significant impact. Fracture mechanics testing was much more sensitive resulting in a similar ranking. Assessing the fatigue crack growth performance at elevated temperature and humidity, different failure modes were observed. The reference exhibited mixed-mode failure. In contrast, mainly interfacial failure was detected for the aminosilane pretreatment. Laminates with glycidylsilane pretreatment exhibited a mixed mode and interfacial failure at high and low propagation rates, respectively. Overall, no clear positive effect of the investigated pretreatment systems on the performance of electrical steel laminates was deduced.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13732,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives","volume":"140 ","pages":"Article 104010"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143631840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}