International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology最新文献

{"title":"Automatic versus Manual Suturing in Total Laryngectomy: Fistula Incidence, Margin Status, and Operative Time.","authors":"José Alberto Fernandes, António Andrade, Pedro Valente, Ricardo Vaz, Diogo Pereira, Helena Silveira","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1819643","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1819643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pharyngeal reconstruction is essential after total laryngectomy. Traditionally, manual suturing (MS) is used, but it often involves longer operative times and variable outcomes. Over the years, automatic suturing (AS) has gained attention due to its precision, shorter operative time, and lower complication rates.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare AS and MS in patients with laryngeal carcinoma who underwent total laryngectomy, focusing on pharyngocutaneous fistula (PCF) incidence, operative time, surgical margins, and hospital stay.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cohort from 2014 to 2024 at a tertiary center, including 107 patients with laryngeal carcinoma who underwent pharyngeal reconstruction with AS or MS. The suturing choice depended on oncological safety and surgeon preference. Data on demographics, tumor stage, PCF occurrence, hospital stay, and operative time were collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 53 patients underwent AS, and 54, MS. Most were male subjects (96.2%), with similar ages (63.3 versus 62.3 years; <i>p</i>  = 0.559). The PCF rates were higher with AS (26.4 versus 18.5%) but not statistically significant ( <i>p</i>  = 0.328). No correlation was found between salvage laryngectomy and PCF. Negative margins (R0) were more frequently observed in the AS group (82.1 versus 37%; <i>p</i>  = 0.04). Operative time was shorter in AS (316.8 versus 367.2 minutes; <i>p</i>  = 0.01). Hospital stay and time to oral feeding were similar.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was a noted association between AS and shorter operative time and a higher observed rate of negative margins in selected cases, without an increase in PCF. These findings should be interpreted in the context of selection bias and anatomical constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132627/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delayed Facial Nerve Palsy after Vestibular Schwannoma Surgery in the COVID-19 Pandemic.","authors":"Zdeněk Fík, Zuzana Balatková, Lenka Peterková, Karolína Hrubá, Kristýna Pospíšilová, Adéla Bubeníková, Eduard Zvěřina, Jan Betka, Vladimír Beneš, Aleš Vlasák","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1819641","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1819641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Facial nerve palsy is the most common complication after vestibular schwannoma surgery. Its etiology is unknown and, in a small group of patients, it can manifest as delayed palsy.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To focus on delayed palsy itself and its possible association with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Only patients with primary surgery were included in the current study. Delayed palsy was defined as the new onset of facial nerve palsy that occurred more than 72 hours after surgery. The results were correlated with information from the database of the Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From January 2017 to December 2022, a total of 194 patients were operated on for vestibular schwannoma, out of whom 143 met the inclusion criteria. Delayed facial nerve palsy occurred in 9 patients, more frequently in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related years, with a ratio of 1:8 ( <i>p</i>  = 0.0046) when comparing the periods of 2017 to 2019 and 2020 to 2022. There was a difference in the age of patients with delayed palsy (average: 44.0 years) and those without delayed palsy (average 49.9 years; <i>p</i>  = 0.04). The age distribution in the individual years did not differ ( <i>p</i>  = 0.38); however, the distribution of patients coincided with the overall appearance of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the population across different age groups ( <i>p</i>  < 0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Delayed facial nerve palsy is a rare entity after vestibular schwannoma surgery. The increase in its incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic is evident and corresponds to the general epidemiological situation with respect to age distribution.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Involving Systemic Arterial Hypertension, Tinnitus, and Hearing Loss: A STROBE-Based Review.","authors":"Luíza Arouck Tavares, Rhuan Peres, Lucas Brabo Redig, Ana Clara Reis Guilhon, Lorenzo Giordano do Couto, Brenda Nazaré Andriolo","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1818563","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1818563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) is a multifactorial condition that has the potential to affect inner ear function, thereby leading to sensorineural hearing loss and tinnitus. As the population ages, there is an increasing prevalence of sudden auditory impairment and auditory disorders. Therefore, it is essential to investigate this connection. are.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To estimate the association between sudden acoustic hearing loss (SAH) and tinnitus/hearing loss, and to evaluate the methodological quality of related research using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) criteria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We employed an analytical cross-sectional design, with a review of observational studies published until April 2025 in English, Portuguese, or Spanish. The evaluation of articles was conducted using the STROBE checklist, and the studies were categorized as <i>adequate</i> , <i>inadequate</i> , or <i>insufficient</i> .</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of hearing impairment presented a significant correlation with hypertension (57.33%), followed by tinnitus (56.3%). Most of the topics were classified as <i>adequate</i> , even though the \"Results\" sections of the articles presented 12% of inadequacy, and the \"Additional Information\" sections demonstrated the most insufficiency (80%). Furthermore, the \"Discussion\" sections revealed a notable concern, with 12.5% of the respondents expressing dissatisfaction.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A substantial degree of heterogeneity was observed across studies, underscoring the necessity for standardized future research to facilitate more reliable comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13132620/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147814687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Surgical Approach to Posterior Nasal Neurectomy without Identifying the Posterior Nasal Nerve.","authors":"Hirotaka Yamamoto, Tsuyoshi Kojima, Ryusuke Hori","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1808242","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1808242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Posterior nasal neurectomy (PNN), a procedure used to manage intractable allergic rhinitis, requires precise identification of the posterior nasal nerve and associated neurovascular bundles within the posterior nasal region, including the sphenoid artery. Mastery of reliable surgical techniques and considerable experience are imperative for successful execution.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>We describe a novel surgical strategy for posterior nasal neurectomy that circumvents the need to directly identify the posterior nasal nerve directly.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To clarify the effects of PNN, pre- and post-operative symptoms, including rhinorrhea, sneezing, and nasal obstruction, were evaluated in patients who underwent PNN using scores derived from the Practical Guidelines for Management of Allergic Rhinitis in Japan 2020. Additionally, preoperative and postoperative (>12 months) medication status and postoperative PNN complications were meticulously documented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This retrospective study included 80 patients who underwent PNN between January 2016 and December 2021; 46 of the 80 patients agreed to participate in the survey questionnaire, and the responses of these 46 patients were used for the analysis. Postoperatively, all patients were followed up in the outpatient clinic for >12 months (mean, 18 months). Among the 46 patients, the scores for all allergic symptoms showed significant improvement at 12 months postoperatively compared with the preoperative scores. The proportion of patients who received daily anti-allergic medications decreased from 93.5% (43/46) preoperatively to 15.2% (7/46) postoperatively. No severe complications occurred in any patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This innovative surgical approach demonstrated efficacy in ameliorating the symptoms associated with allergic rhinitis without concomitantly escalating procedural risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13124287/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Septoplasty on Eustachian Tube Function.","authors":"Mohammed Radef Dawood","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1812059","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1812059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Septoplasty is standard surgical procedure performed for correction of deviated nasal septum; it affects middle ear ventilation through altering Eustachian tube function.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effect of septoplasty on Eustachian tube function regarding deviation side.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A randomized, prospective controlled trial, in which 40 adult patients who underwent septoplasty (80 ears) were divided into: group A: 40 ears in which Eustachian tube function assessment was done on the affected side (deviated nasal septum), and 40 ears in which the function of Eustachian tube assessment was done on the contralateral side \"group B\". The nasal obstruction symptom evaluation (NOSE) scale was used to analyze surgical satisfaction, ventilation of middle ear was assessed via Eustachian tube functions by the 7-Item Eustachian Tube Dysfunction Questionnaire (ETDQ-7) test scale, insufflation tests (Valsalva and Toynbee), and tympanometry. These parameters were analyzed and compared, before and after septoplasty.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 40 patients, the mean NOSE score was 13.68 ± 2.69 preoperatively and decreased to 5.76 ± 4.48 postoperatively; ETFQ-7 scores decreased from 12.48 ± 4.78 preoperatively to 7.56 ± 3.4 postoperatively; there were 22 functional Eustachian tubes (55%) preoperatively, which increased to 37 (92.5%) postoperatively, while dysfunctional Eustachian tubes decreased from 18 (45%) preoperatively to 3 (7.5%) postoperatively. Type-A curve tympanogram was (52.5%) preoperatively, which increased to (96.25%) postoperatively, while type-C tympanogram was (47.5%) preoperatively and decreased to (3.75%) postoperatively. Basal middle ear pressure was -33.56 daPA for group A and -29.24 daPA for group B preoperatively, and it changed to -18.96 daPA and -12.18 daPA postoperatively, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Septoplasty had a beneficial impact on the Eustachian tube function \"ventilation of middle ear\".</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108988/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Swallowing Disorders and Independence during Mealtime in Neurological Diseases: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Valeria Crispiatico, Giulia Fusari, Cinzia Baldanzi, Chiara Vitali, Francesca Tedeschi, Claudia Bazzotti, Federico Favini, Davide Cattaneo","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1819715","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1819715","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mealtimes are important for patient's autonomy and independence. They are linked to values and are a source of normality and fulfilment. Independence during mealtimes means eating and drinking safely and independently. However, the presence of oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) can compromise independence, particularly among patients with neurological conditions.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The present cross-sectional study aims to investigate the association between functional independence during meal and multidimensional assessment of neurological subjects with OD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjects with OD (DOSS score < 6) and diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, or stroke were recruited. Demographic and clinical data were collected. The swallowing assessment included the Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) and the Dysphagia Outcome and Severity Scales (DOSS) during an instrumented assessment, self-reported questionnaire (Eating Assessment Tool-10 - EAT-10), Body Mass Index, a meal observation scored with the Mealtime Assessment Scale (MAS) and cognitive assessment using the Mini-Mental State Examination. The level of independence was assessed using the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcomes Measurement System (ASHA NOMS) Swallowing Scale. Univariate and multivariate logistic models were used to analyze data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-eight subjects were recruited (18 MS, 20 PD and 20 stroke), among whom 41 (70%) were defined as dependent during mealtime. In the multivariate analysis, EAT-10 score (odds ratio [OR] [95%CI] = 3.25 [1.64-11.08]), diseases duration (OR [ 95%CI] = 0.87 [0.74-0.97]) and MAS safety (OR [ 95%CI] = 1.26 [1.06-1.65]) were significantly associated with independence during mealtime.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Subject's performance during meal, self-reported questionnaire, and diseases duration are independently associated with independence. The present study broadens the focus on dysphagia, underling the importance of identifying all variables able to increase subjects' independence and autonomy at mealtime.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108999/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of Clinical Practice Guidelines and Primary Care Referral Pathways for the Management of Otorhinolaryngological Conditions in Pakistan.","authors":"Alina Pervez, Russell Seth Martins, Huzaifa Moiz, Abbas Raza Syed, Muneeb Khan, Nashia Ali Rizvi, Mohsin Ali Mustafa, Muhammad Taha Nasim, Alina Abdul Rehman, Shayan Khalid, Saif Ur Rehman, Sarah Nadeem, Adil H Haider, Shabbir Akhtar","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1818583","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1818583","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Developing region-specific clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for ear, nose, and throat (ENT) diseases is crucial in Pakistan's primary care, given their significant contribution to clinical cases, aiming to enhance healthcare standards through evidence-based practices with local adaptations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To ensure the standardization of primary healthcare and reduce unnecessary specialist referrals by creating CPGs that are appropriate to our region.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected eight guidelines regarding epistaxis, neck masses, hearing loss, Ménière's disease, dysphonia, allergic rhinitis, acute otitis externa, and rhinosinusitis from the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation as the source guidelines, and employed the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation-Adoption, Adaptation, and De Novo Development (GRADE-ADOLOPMENT) approach to contextualize guidelines by adopting, adapting, or excluding recommendations from them. Clinical-referral algorithms were created using recommendations from the CPGs created, with additional recommendations sought through a best-evidence review process.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We developed local CPGs for eight ENT conditions using the GRADE-ADOLOPMENT approach. While most recommendations were adopted in the local CPGs, one recommendation for acute otitis externa, hearing loss, and epistaxis and two for allergic rhinitis were adopted with minor changes. Six recommendations were excluded due to service limitations in Pakistan. Additionally, we created 8 clinical-referral algorithms, incorporating 17 additional recommendations to address gaps in practice, distributed across various conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The newly-established CPGs are instrumental in delivering standardized, high-quality care at the primary care level. Simultaneously, the development of clinical referral pathways empowers general physicians to manage patients effectively and make timely, appropriate referrals to ENT specialists.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steroids for the Prevention of Sensorineural Hearing Loss Secondary to Acute Otitis Media: A Systematic Review.","authors":"André Filipi Brandão Santos Sampaio, Rafael da Costa Monsanto, José Jarjura Jorge, Godofredo Campos Borges","doi":"10.1055/s-0045-1811640","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0045-1811640","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Acute otitis media (AOM) is associated with the development of permanent sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). The potential role of steroids in preventing cochlear damage secondary to AOM has been discussed.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To critically analyze the current evidence on the use of steroids to prevent AOM-associated SNHL.</p><p><strong>Data synthesis: </strong>A total of 15 studies was categorized into 3 groups: 1) studies on histopathological changes in the inner ear secondary to AOM (n 5); 2) those on the relationship between AOM and hearing outcomes (n = 5); and 3) studies on the (hearing or histological) outcomes of AOM treatment using steroids (n = 5). Experimental studies in animals and human temporal bones revealed that AOM is associated with the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in the middle and inner ears, resulting in an inflammatory process. Inflammatory cytokines and bacterial toxins translocate from the middle to the inner ears through the semipermeable round window membrane, causing structural damage to the neuroepithelium, mainly in the cochlear basal turn. In experimental studies, the use of steroids has been shown to reduce the expression of inflammatory cells and cytokines and the structural damage affecting the stria vascularis and hair cells. One study clinically evaluated the effects of steroids on AOM patients with SNHL, and it demonstrated significant improvements in hearing thresholds.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Experimental data demonstrate that steroids can reduce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and reduce structural damage to the cochlear neurosensory epithelium. However, these findings have yet to be translated to a clinical setting due to the lack of high-level evidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between 8-OHdG Levels and Eosinophil Counts in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps.","authors":"Tamara Silva Vieira, Letícia Martins Guimarães, Elisa Carvalho Siqueira, Rafaela Magalhães Braga Amaral, Wilma Terezinha Anselmo-Lima, Edwin Tamashiro, Marina Gonçalves Diniz, Fabiana Cardoso Pereira Valera, Ricardo Santiago Gomez, Carolina Cavalieri Gomes","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1819639","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1819639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). The 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) is a major oxidative DNA adduct, and its levels have been noted as a triggering factor for inflammation-related carcinogenesis, but have not been assessed in CRSwNP. The MAPK/ERK pathway importance in the pathogenesis of CRSwNP has previously been reported. Mutations in <i>RAS</i> family genes occur in neoplastic and non-neoplastic proliferative lesions, and it has been previously demonstrated that <i>KRAS</i> mutations do not occur in CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the levels of 8-OHdG in nasal polyps occurring in CRSwNP, to associate these levels with clinicopathological parameters, and to investigate <i>HRAS</i> and <i>NRAS</i> hotspot mutations in the same samples.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Both the <i>HRAS</i> (codons 49 and 61) and <i>NRAS</i> (codon 61) mutations were investigated through Sanger sequencing, and the levels of 8-OHdG were determined using ELISA in 14 freshly collected snap-frozen samples of nasal polyps occurring in CRSwNP. The associations between the levels of 8-OHdG and patients' age, presence of asthma, and eosinophil counts in nasal polyps were tested.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No mutations were detected. The association between higher levels of 8-OHdG and higher eosinophil counts was observed, whereas there was no association between it and age or the presence of asthma.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Based on the results in the present cohort, higher levels of 8-OHdG, indicative of oxidative stress, are associated with higher eosinophil counts in CRSwNP. Additionally, <i>HRAS</i> and <i>NRAS</i> mutations do not occur in nasal polyps or occur at a very low frequency.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 2","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13108992/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficiency of the Kannada Digit Triplet Test to Identify Older Adults with Mild-to-Moderate Sensorineural Hearing Loss.","authors":"Salman Safeer, Mohan Kumar Kalaiah","doi":"10.1055/s-0046-1818550","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0046-1818550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hearing loss, especially age-related, affects speech perception and quality of life. Despite its prevalence, many individuals remain undiagnosed due to low awareness and limited access to screening tools. The Digit Triplet Test (DTT) is a proven speech-in-noise screening tool adapted into many languages. In India, the Kannada DTT was developed to address the need for a regional screening method. The present study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the Kannada DTT to identify older adults with hearing loss.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the Kannada DTT in identifying older adults with mild-to-moderate sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 125 native Kannada-speaking participants aged 50 to 84 years were divided into 2 groups: 57 with normal hearing and 68 with mild-to-moderate hearing loss. Pure tone audiometry and speech identification scores were recorded. Participants underwent the Kannada DTT monaurally in both ears using an adaptive protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The DTT scores were significantly poorer in the hearing loss group. A moderate positive correlation (r ≈ 0.68) was observed between pure tone average and DTT score. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis revealed that a DTT cutoff score of -11.05 dB provided the best classification accuracy, with sensitivity and specificity of 79.4% and 82.5% for the right ear, and 83.8% and 86% for the left ear, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Kannada DTT demonstrates good sensitivity and specificity in identifying older adults with mild-to-moderate SNHL and can be considered a reliable screening tool for early detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":13731,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Otorhinolaryngology","volume":"30 1","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13109011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147770638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}