International endodontic journal最新文献

{"title":"Impact of intercellular adhesion molecule 1-positive dental pulp stem cells in deep caries progression","authors":"Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Yulian Zhang,&nbsp;Yi Chen,&nbsp;Wenzhi Wu,&nbsp;Jianwei Sun,&nbsp;Xiatong Zhang,&nbsp;Jingchen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhuo Chen","doi":"10.1111/iej.14248","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) regulate immune responses; however, their heterogeneity in deep caries remains unclear. This study aimed at investigating the role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1-positive DPSCs (ICAM1⁺ DPSCs) within the immune microenvironment of deep carious pulp tissue to develop therapeutic strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Single-cell sequencing was used to compare cellular profiles between deep caries and healthy pulp tissues. ICAM1⁺ DPSCs were quantified using immunofluorescence/flow cytometry in human/mouse models and sorted for functional analyses. Odontogenic differentiation was assessed using alkaline phosphatase/Alizarin Red staining, while inflammatory mediator production was assessed using RT-qPCR, Western Blot, ELISA, SCENIC and RNA-seq. THP-1 was cultured in conditioned media from ICAM1⁺ DPSCs and ICAM1⁻ DPSCs. RT-qPCR, Western Blot and flow cytometry were used to assess the proportion of proinflammatory to reparative THP-1. Macrophage-derived cytokines (IL-1β/4/6/10 and TNF-α) were tested for DPSCs to ICAM1⁺ differentiation induction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cellular profiling showed a significant increase in ICAM1⁺ DPSCs and proinflammatory monocytes in deep carious dental pulp tissue, with ICAM1⁺ DPSCs closely interacting with mononuclear macrophages. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry confirmed the increase in ICAM1⁺ DPSCs in deep caries in the affected human and mouse pulp tissue. Alkaline phosphatase and Alizarin Red staining, SCENIC, RT-qPCR, Western Blot and ELISA revealed decreased odontogenic differentiation in ICAM1⁺ DPSCs and increased expression of CEBPD, IL-6, CCL2 and CXCL10 in ICAM1⁺ DPSC cells. RT-qPCR, Western Blot and flow cytometry indicated an elevated proinflammatory to reparative THP-1 ratio for THP-1 that was cultured in ICAM1⁺ DPSC-conditioned media for 1–3 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>During deep caries progression, TNF-α drives the transformation of DPSCs into inflammatory ICAM1⁺ DPSCs. This subcluster exhibits impaired odontogenic differentiation capacity, secretes proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and enhances macrophage inflammatory activity, contributing to the advancement of deep caries lesions.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"1184-1196"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of alveolar bone preservation and oxidative stress reduction with açai in Wistar rats with induced apical periodontitis","authors":"João Daniel Mendonça de Moura,&nbsp;Vinicius Ruan Neves Dos Santos,&nbsp;Leonardo Oliveira Bittencourt,&nbsp;Fabrício Mezzomo Collares,&nbsp;Paulo Fernando Santos Mendes,&nbsp;José Mario Matos-Sousa,&nbsp;Beatriz Rodrigues Risuenho Penaido,&nbsp;José Messias Perdigão,&nbsp;Herve Rogez,&nbsp;Rafael Rodrigues Lima,&nbsp;Patricia de Almeida Rodrigues","doi":"10.1111/iej.14247","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14247","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to investigate the effects of açai on bone and systemic damage caused by apical periodontitis (AP) in an animal model.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups—Control 14 days (<i>n</i> = 4), Control 28 days (<i>n</i> = 4), AP 14 days (<i>n</i> = 4), AP 28 days (<i>n</i> = 4), AP plus açai treatment for 14 days (<i>n</i> = 8) and AP plus açai treatment for 28 days (<i>n</i> = 8). Apical periodontitis was induced under general anaesthesia by exposing the pulp of the first molars to the oral environment. Daily treatments were administered by gavage at a dose of 0.01 mL/g, using either saline solution or clarified açai. At the end of each experimental period, periapical lesions were quantitatively evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and histopathological analyses, whilst systemic oxidative stress was assessed through biochemical assays. Data normality was verified using the Shapiro–Wilk test, followed by one-way <span>anova</span> and Tukey's post hoc test (<i>p</i> &lt; .05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Micro-CT analysis revealed that açai reduced apical periodontitis lesion volume and improved bone quality (<i>p</i> &lt; .05). Histopathological evaluation corroborated these findings, revealing moderate inflammation at 14 days and more pronounced, heterogeneous inflammatory responses at 28 days, with no significant differences between groups. Additionally, açai modulated systemic oxidative biochemistry, enhanced antioxidant defences and reduced pro-oxidant damage after 28 days.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Oral açai administration was associated with reduced progression of apical periodontitis and improved bone quality, suggesting its potential as a protective antioxidant in endodontic treatment, minimizing both local and systemic damage.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"1211-1227"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14247","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus on odontoblast polarization: Characteristics, regulatory factors and research platforms","authors":"Chao Rong,&nbsp;Jiayi Zhang,&nbsp;Shaowei Li,&nbsp;Jiangdie He,&nbsp;Zhihui Tian","doi":"10.1111/iej.14238","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14238","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cell polarity refers to the asymmetry of cellular morphology and function along the polar axis. Odontoblast polarization is essential for the formation of tubular dentine. However, our understanding of odontoblast polarization remains limited compared to the extensively studied process of epithelial cell polarization. This gap in knowledge hinders the advancement of regenerative endodontics, where the regeneration of tubular dentine is both a central focus and a significant challenge. In this review, we begin by outlining the process of odontoblast differentiation, emphasizing that odontoblast polarization represents an early stage of this differentiation. We then summarize the key features of odontoblast polarization, including changes in cell morphology, alterations in cellular structure, and modifications in intercellular junctions. Additionally, we compare the key characteristics of odontoblast polarization with those of ameloblast polarization. Next, we summarize the intracellular and extracellular molecules involved in odontoblast polarization, while underscoring the significance of epithelial–mesenchymal interactions in this context. Furthermore, we discuss the evolution of research platforms for studying odontoblast polarization, with a particular focus on the application of advanced nanofibrous platforms in this field. Finally, we identify existing knowledge gaps in odontoblast polarization and offer suggestions and perspectives for future research, aiming to inspire further investigations in dentine regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 7","pages":"930-951"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14238","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The detection of apical radiolucencies in periapical radiographs: A comparison between an artificial intelligence platform and expert endodontists with CBCT serving as the diagnostic benchmark","authors":"Marwa Allihaibi,&nbsp;Garrit Koller,&nbsp;Francesco Mannocci","doi":"10.1111/iej.14250","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14250","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Accurate detection of periapical radiolucent lesions (PARLs) is crucial for endodontic diagnosis. While cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is considered the radiographic gold standard for detecting PARLs in non-root filled teeth, its use is often limited by cost and radiation exposure. Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based radiographic analysis has shown the potential to enhance the diagnostic capability of periapical (PA) radiographs, but its accuracy, compared with CBCT, needs further evaluation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;The aim of this paper is to assess the diagnostic accuracy of Diagnocat, a commercial AI-driven platform in detecting PARLs on PA radiographs of teeth diagnosed with irreversible pulpitis or pulp necrosis and scheduled for primary root canal treatment, using CBCT as the reference standard, and to compare Diagnocat's performance with that of experienced clinicians.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This retrospective diagnostic accuracy study analysed 339 teeth (796 roots). PA radiographs were independently assessed by two experienced, calibrated endodontists and by Diagnocat. CBCT scans, serving as the reference standard, were evaluated by two different endodontists, blinded to the PA radiograph results. Sensitivity, specificity, accuracy and area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC) were calculated for Diagnocat and clinicians at both tooth and root levels.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;CBCT identified PARLs in 121 (35.7%) teeth and 240 (30.2%) roots. Diagnocat displayed a high level of correlation with clinicians in determining lesion status, with an agreement of 89%. Clinicians demonstrated significantly higher accuracy at the tooth level (86.1% vs. 78.5%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) and greater sensitivity (65.3% vs. 47.9%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .001) than Diagnocat, while specificity was comparable (97.7% vs. 95.4%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .3). Similar trends were observed at the root level. AUC-ROC values were higher for clinicians than Diagnocat at both tooth (0.81 vs. 0.72) and root (0.77 vs. 0.68) levels, although these differences were not statistically significant.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;While Diagnocat exhibited high agreement with clinicians in detecting PARLs on PA radiographs, clinicians demonstrated superior accuracy and sensitivity overall. Notably, Diagnocat performed comparably to experienced clinicians in cases without PARLs, highlighting its potential ut","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"1146-1157"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14250","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143999891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of blade geometry (nonflat, flat or hybrid) and metallurgical composition on the mechanical performance of NiTi endodontic instruments: A multimethod laboratory study","authors":"Emmanuel J. N. L. Silva,&nbsp;Jorge N. R. Martins,&nbsp;Thyago Oliveira Cardoso,&nbsp;Mylena do Rosário Pereira,&nbsp;Murilo Priori Alcalde,&nbsp;Victor T. L. Vieira,&nbsp;Abayomi O. Baruwa,&nbsp;Francisco Manuel Braz Fernandes,&nbsp;Marco A. Versiani","doi":"10.1111/iej.14249","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14249","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aim&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;To evaluate the influence of blade design (conventional, flat and hybrid) and metallurgical properties on the mechanical performance of nickel-titanium endodontic instruments.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methodology&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Two hundred and seven NiTi instruments (25 mm in length) with three different blade designs were selected for analysis: conventional (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 69, CC One Blue, size 25/0.08v), flat (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 69, Platinum V.EU, size 25/0.06) and hybrid (&lt;i&gt;n&lt;/i&gt; = 69, Flash Endo Power, size 25/0.06v). The instruments were evaluated regarding geometric design (scanning electron microscopy), alloy elements composition (energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy) and phase transformation temperatures (differential scanning calorimetry). Additionally, their mechanical behaviour was investigated by testing cyclic fatigue resistance, torsional resistance, bending resistance, buckling resistance, cutting efficiency and microhardness. Statistical significance was determined using One-Way &lt;span&gt;anova&lt;/span&gt; and Kruskal–Wallis tests (&lt;i&gt;α&lt;/i&gt; = 5%).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Platinum V.EU and Flash instruments exhibited design inconsistencies within the same lot, including nonstandard positioning and variations in the length of the flat side. All instruments were composed of a nickel-titanium alloy with equiatomic ratios of nickel and titanium. At 20°C, Flash instruments exhibited a mixed R-phase and austenitic arrangement, transitioning fully to austenitic at 36°C, while CC One Blue and Platinum V.EU displayed a complete R-phase at 20°C and retained a mixed R-phase and austenitic arrangement at 36°C. The CC One Blue exhibited superior performance in time to fracture (156 ± 34 s), maximum torque (1.5 N·cm) and buckling strength (372 ± 31 gf) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .0001), while no differences were found in maximum rotation angle (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .602). In terms of flexibility, the Flash (328 gf) and CC One Blue (341 gf) outperformed the Platinum V.EU (376 gf) (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .006). Flash (121 gf) and CC One Blue (137 gf) also outperformed Platinum V.EU (253 gf) in terms of cutting efficiency (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; &lt; .0001). Conversely, the Platinum V.EU demonstrated significantly higher microhardness (386 ± 45 HVN) compared to CC One Blue and Flash (&lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = .0340).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Overall, instruments featuring either flat-side (Platinum V.EU) or hybrid (Flash) active blades demonstrated inferior mechanical performance compared to the conventional nonflat instrument (CC One Blue).&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"1243-1256"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14249","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Philip Y-H Chien, Sepanta Hosseinpour, Ove A Peters, Christine I Peters","doi":"10.1111/iej.14246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The outcomes of root canal treatment performed by students has not been well researched. Treatment outcomes of student clinicians directly correspond to the education they receive and therefore paves the way for future directions in endodontic education.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aimed to evaluate endodontic outcomes and success rates of contemporary root canal treatment delivered by undergraduate dental students. Factors with a positive or negative effect on endodontic education and clinical treatment quality were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The investigation followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies from 2000 to 2024 were selected from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library and Embase databases after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Each study was independently assessed, and bias was categorized systematically as low, moderate or high using the risk of bias (RoB) assessment tool. Unweighted and weighted pooled success rates for each factor were calculated, and statistical heterogeneity among study subgroups was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eleven studies were eligible for data extraction and qualitative synthesis. Three studies were eligible for meta-analysis and showed that teeth diagnosed with a vital pulp had a success rate of 87.8%, while teeth diagnosed with pulp necrosis had a success rate of 65.6%. Weighted success rates for teeth with and without preoperative radiolucencies were 56.3% and 86.8%, respectively. The RoB assessment showed that 4 out of 11 studies (36.4%) had a low risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outcomes of root canal treatment performed by undergraduate students using contemporary techniques are not well understood. This analysis demonstrated that while student clinic outcomes were comparable to those reported in contemporary literature for general and specialist practice, variations in success rates may be influenced by factors such as clinical experience, exposure to diverse cases and teaching methodologies. Further research is needed to explore how educational innovations and clinical training impact endodontic outcomes in undergraduate settings.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>The systematic review search protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024604079).</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143970548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin-calcium hydroxide scaffolds modulate dental pulp stem cell response in vitro under a simulated inflammatory environment","authors":"Caroline Anselmi,&nbsp;Igor Paulino Mendes Soares,&nbsp;Sarah Chang,&nbsp;Lais M. Cardoso,&nbsp;Ana Beatriz Gomes de Carvalho,&nbsp;Renan Dal-Fabbro,&nbsp;Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa,&nbsp;Marco C. Bottino,&nbsp;Josimeri Hebling","doi":"10.1111/iej.14243","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14243","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Tissue engineering can be applied to dentine regeneration, stimulating tissue repair by promoting mesenchymal cell migration and differentiation into odontoblast-like cells while modulating inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of quercetin (QU) and calcium hydroxide (CH) incorporated into polycaprolactone (PCL)/polyethylene oxide (PEO) scaffolds on the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) in a simulated inflammatory environment in vitro.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) were cultured and treated with different concentrations of quercetin (QU) to assess cell viability, mineralized matrix production and responses under inflammatory stimuli. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, as well as TNF-α synthesis, were quantified using fluorescence and ELISA methods. Scaffolds of PCL/PEO with calcium hydroxide and QU were fabricated via electrospinning, characterized and analysed for cell adhesion, viability, inflammatory and mineralisation-related genes in an artificial pulp chamber model. Statistical analysis was performed using <span>anova</span>, Kruskal–Wallis and confidence intervals with a significance level of 5%.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Polycaprolactone/polyethylene oxide scaffolds incorporated with CH and QU showed cytocompatibility and support for DPSC differentiation at concentrations of up to 5 M diluted in the culture medium. After 14 days of treatment, the scaffolds upregulated <i>ALPL</i> gene expression under the inflammatory stimulus, with no differences between the control group and the nonincorporated scaffold. The expression of osteocalcin (<i>OCN</i>) and dentine sialophosphoprotein (<i>DSPP</i>) genes was significantly upregulated for the scaffold-treated group when stimulated with LPS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Incorporating QU and CH into PCL/PEO scaffolds modulated the inflammatory-related response and upregulated mineralisation-related genes of LPS-challenged dental pulp stem cells.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 7","pages":"1073-1090"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143963778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of light-cured pulp capping materials on human dental pulp cells in vitro","authors":"Laurentia Schuster,&nbsp;Sonja Sielker,&nbsp;Johannes Kleinheinz,&nbsp;Till Dammaschke","doi":"10.1111/iej.14242","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14242","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Gold standard as material in vital pulp therapy (VPT) is hydraulic calcium silicate cements (HCSC). To circumvent their prolonged setting time, light-cured pulp capping materials containing calcium silicate or calcium hydroxide powder are available. Although their positive biological properties are advertised, the data regarding the biocompatibility of light-cured pulp capping materials (LCPCM) is inconclusive. This in vitro study compared the biocompatibility of five LCPCM containing calcium silicate (TheraCal LC, ReviCal, MTA PulpCap, Pulprotec MTA) or calcium hydroxide (Calcimol LC) with that of the HCSC Biodentine.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Of each material, 226 cylindrical specimens (51.472 mm³) were prepared and incubated in a sterile cell culture medium (alpha Modified Eagle Medium) for 24 h to obtain an extract. Human dental pulp cells (hDPC) were added to the specimens and/or extracts. Cell viability and changes in cell morphology were examined (MTT, LDH, live-dead staining, light microscope). Calcium release from the materials (Ca²⁺ colorimetric assay) and the mineralisation capacity of the cells (Alizarin Red S Staining, Alkaline Phosphatase Assay) were determined. Statistical analysis was performed by <span>anova</span> and the post-hoc Tukey test (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Compared to Biodentine, hDPC showed significantly lower cell viability when in contact with LCPCM (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Further, an inhibition zone around the test bodies or an altered cell morphology was observed. Biodentine showed almost no negative effects on cell viability or cell morphology. In contact with Biodentine, hDPC mineralise with and without mineralisation induction conditions. Among the LCPCM, mineralisation was only detectable under induction conditions with ReViCal and MTA PulpCap. In addition, Biodentine released significantly more calcium ions than the LCPCM (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this in vitro study, LCPCM showed cytotoxic effects on hDPC and were hardly able to induce cell mineralisation. Biodentine showed little negative effects on cell viability, induced cell mineralisation and released more calcium than LCPCM. Biodentine is significantly superior to LCPCM in terms of biocompatibility and mineralisation induction capacity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 7","pages":"1060-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental pulp lymphatic vessel dynamics during tooth development and pulp stimulation in rodents","authors":"Kento Tazawa,&nbsp;Di Chen,&nbsp;Akira Fujimura,&nbsp;Philip D. King,&nbsp;Hajime Sasaki","doi":"10.1111/iej.14244","DOIUrl":"10.1111/iej.14244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aim</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The anatomy and functions of lymphatic vessels (LV) in mammals remain poorly understood compared to the blood vascular system. In particular, whether or not LV exist in the dental pulp is still controversial. This study aims to identify the existence of LV in the mouse dental pulp using a Prox1 (Prospero homeobox 1)-eGFP transgenic mouse model combined with a tissue-clearing technique.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methodology</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Mandible or mandibular first molars of Prox1-eGFP mice were extracted, cleared for whole-mount observation and imaged using confocal microscopy. Dylight 594-lectin was injected intracardially to differentiate Prox1-eGFP+ LV from the blood vascular network. To further determine if pulpal LV act as an interstitial fluid drainage system, we examined ink absorption in surgically exposed dental pulp of mandibular first molars.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>At the early stage of tooth development, abundant Prox1-eGFP+ LV distinct from lectin-labelled blood vessels were present in a dental pulp. However, after the initiation of root development, the expression of Prox1-eGFP in dental pulp decreased. In mature dental pulp, Prox1-eGFP+ LV was scattered with a discontinuous lumen. In response to a non-infectious transient pulp stimulation (TPS), the Prox1-eGFP+ LV increased in number and diameter with continuous lumen reaching the apical foramen. Ink particles applied to exposed dental pulp are distributed throughout the dental pulp via interstitial spaces and vessel-like structures. Histological evaluation revealed that ink particles were mainly present in the cell-free zone. However, due to TPS, ink particles were taken up into Prox1-eGFP+ LV.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our findings suggest the presence of LV in the mature dental pulp that contributes to fluid drainage in this tissue together with the extravascular pathway.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":"58 8","pages":"1197-1210"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/iej.14244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Musculoskeletal risk of first-year postgraduate endodontic students using dental microscope, ergonomic loupes or no magnification.","authors":"Melina Tedone, Carlos G Adorno, Juan Carlos Ortiz-Hugues, Antonio Jesús Conde Villar, Ruth Pérez Alfayate, Gaizka Loroño, Roberto Estévez, Víctor Díaz-Flores, María S Meza","doi":"10.1111/iej.14245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/iej.14245","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To assess the postural risk adopted by postgraduate endodontic students during endodontic procedures using different magnification tools and, secondarily, to evaluate the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms (MSDs) in these students.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The present study has a repeated measures design that included 10 endodontic postgraduate students. Data on musculoskeletal symptoms were collected using a modified Standardized Musculoskeletal Symptom Perception Questionnaire. Working postures adopted during endodontic access until canal localization were recorded from three angles. Each student used no magnification, ergonomic loupes and the microscope in three different patients in random order. Selected still frames were assessed using rapid upper limb assessment (RULA). Survey data were presented with descriptive statistics, and the RULA scores were analysed using the Friedman test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants experienced pain in at least one body region within the past 12 months, with upper back pain being the most frequently reported, followed by pain in the neck and lower back. A statistically significant decrease (p < .001) in postural risk was observed when using magnification compared to no magnification. No difference was observed between the loupes and microscope groups (p = .786). However, no magnification was statistically different from loupes (p < .001) and microscopes (p < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The risk of MSDs was higher when no magnification was used than when using ergonomic loupes and the microscope. All the postgraduate endodontic students assessed reported MSD symptoms in the back and other body regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13724,"journal":{"name":"International endodontic journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143998581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}