International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Switching biologics in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A multicenter Canadian experience","authors":"Marisa Dorling BSc,&nbsp;Masih Sarafan BSc,&nbsp;Béatrice Voizard MD, MSc, FRCSC,&nbsp;Yousif Al Ammar MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Juan Carlos Hernaiz-Leonardo MD,&nbsp;Kieran Chalmers BSc,&nbsp;Patrick MacInnis MI,&nbsp;James Nugent MD,&nbsp;Arif Janjua MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Amin Javer MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Doron Sommer MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;John Lee MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Yvonne Chan MD, FRCSC,&nbsp;Andrew Thamboo MD, MHSc, FRCSC","doi":"10.1002/alr.23466","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23466","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Type 2 biologics have been used increasingly for the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). However, patterns of biologic switching are understudied, and established guidelines for sequential or simultaneous use do not yet exist.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This is a Canadian multicenter retrospective study of real-world patient data. Patients were included if they had recurrent CRSwNP despite maximal medical and surgical management, and received at least one dose of a type 2 biologic. Patients who remained on their initial biologic comprised the continuous group. Patients with sequential or simultaneous use of more than one biologic comprised the switched group. We compared the characteristics of patients who continued and switched biologics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Note that 225 consecutive patients were included. Thirty-six (16%) switched biologics at least once, and six (3%) switched twice. The most common switch was from mepolizumab to dupilumab, with poor control of CRSwNP symptoms being the leading cause for this switch. Lack of efficacy was the main reason for switching off mepolizumab and omalizumab, while adverse events were the leading cause for switching off dupilumab. Additionally, mepolizumab patients were more likely to switch biologics late in their treatment, while dupilumab patients rarely switched after 12 months of therapy (<i>p</i>-value &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Switching biologics for CRSwNP is frequent in Canadian rhinology practices, with 16% of patients switching at least once. The most common switch is from mepolizumab to dupilumab with inadequate CRSwNP control driving this switch. This study may help guide sequential or simultaneous use of biologics in CRSwNP patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"166-173"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation and treatment of rhinosinusitis with primary antibody deficiency in children: Evidence-based review with recommendations","authors":"Chadi A. Makary MD,&nbsp;Antoine Azar MD,&nbsp;David Gudis MD,&nbsp;Anna Crawford MLIS,&nbsp;Paavali Hannikainen MD,&nbsp;Jean Kim MD, PhD,&nbsp;Stephanie Joe MD,&nbsp;Adam J. Kimple MD,&nbsp;Kent Lam MD,&nbsp;Jivianne T. Lee MD,&nbsp;Amber U. Luong MD, PhD,&nbsp;Sonya Marcus MD,&nbsp;Erica McArdle MD,&nbsp;Warren Mullings MD,&nbsp;Brian P. Peppers DO, PhD,&nbsp;Callum Lewandrowski DO,&nbsp;Sandra Y. Lin MD,&nbsp;Hassan H. Ramadan MD, MSc,&nbsp;Austin S. Rose MD, MBA,&nbsp;Lindsey Ryan MD,&nbsp;Elina Toskala MD, PhD, MBA,&nbsp;Fuad M. Baroody MD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23468","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23468","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>There is clear evidence that prevalence of primary antibody deficiency (PAD) is higher in children with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) than in the general population. The purpose of this multi-institutional and multidisciplinary evidence-based review with recommendations (EBRR) is to thoroughly review the literature on rhinosinusitis with PAD, summarize the existing evidence, and provide recommendations on the evaluation and management of rhinosinusitis in children with PAD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were systematically reviewed from inception through December 2023. Studies on the evaluation and management of rhinosinusitis in PAD patients were included. An iterative review process was utilized in accordance with EBRR guidelines. Levels of evidence and recommendations on the evaluation and management principles for PAD were generated.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 50 studies were included in this evidence-based review. These studies were evaluated on the incidence of PAD in rhinosinusitis patients, the incidence of rhinosinusitis in PAD patients, and on the different treatment modalities used and their outcome. The aggregate quality of evidence varied across the reviewed domains.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Based on the currently available evidence, the incidence of PAD in children with recalcitrant CRS can be significantly elevated. Despite the presence of multiple studies addressing rhinosinusitis and PAD, the level of evidence supporting different treatment options continues to be lacking. Optimal management requires a multidisciplinary approach through collaboration with clinical immunology. There is need for higher level studies that compare different treatments in children with PAD and rhinosinusitis.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"14 11","pages":"1776-1801"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress in OX40/OX40L in allergic diseases","authors":"Rongrong Song BS,&nbsp;Huanlei Zhang BS,&nbsp;Zhuoping Liang MD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23469","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23469","url":null,"abstract":"<p>OX40/OX40L are costimulatory molecules in the tumor necrosis factor superfamily. Numerous studies have shown that OX40/OX40L are involved in immune regulation, especially in the proliferation and differentiation of T cells and the generation of memory T cells, which play important roles in allergic diseases. In recent years, the use of OX40/OX40L as therapeutic targets for treating T-cell-mediated diseases has attracted the interest of scholars. This paper reviews the role of OX40/OX40L in allergic diseases and the progress in clinical treatments targeting this signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"14 12","pages":"1921-1928"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of omalizumab combined with allergen immunotherapy in children with moderate to severe allergic asthma","authors":"Wenxin Shen MM,&nbsp;Qianlan Zhou MD,&nbsp;Qinzhen Zhang MD,&nbsp;Lina Han MD,&nbsp;Li Chen MD,&nbsp;Xiaowen Li MD,&nbsp;Bing Dai MD,&nbsp;Si Liu MD,&nbsp;Lishen Shan MD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23470","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23470","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key points</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Omalizumab enables children who are intolerant to AIT to initiate AIT successfully.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Combination therapy better improves asthma and rhinitis symptoms, FeNO, and lung function compared to single SCIT or omalizumab treatment.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Combination therapy reduces the incidence of adverse reactions during the initial phase of SCIT and enhances its safety.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"208-211"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A preliminary review of the utility of artificial intelligence to detect eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis","authors":"Jayanth Rajan DO,&nbsp;Ross Rosen BS,&nbsp;Daniel Karasik BS,&nbsp;John Richter BS,&nbsp;Claudia Cabrera MD, MS,&nbsp;Brian D'Anza MD,&nbsp;Kenneth Rodriguez MD,&nbsp;Sanjeet V. Rangarajan MD, MEng","doi":"10.1002/alr.23463","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23463","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key points</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>While typically diagnosed with biopsy, ECRS may be predicted preoperatively with the use of AI.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>Various AI models have been used, with pooled sensitivity of 0.857 and specificity of 0.850.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>\u0000 <p>We found no statistically significant difference between the accuracy of various AI models.</p>\u0000 </li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"203-207"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785149/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Orthonasal and retronasal olfactory function in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps undergoing endoscopic sinonasal surgery","authors":"Paolo Boscolo-Rizzo MD,&nbsp;Claire Hopkins DM,&nbsp;Thomas Hummel MD,&nbsp;Anna Menini PhD,&nbsp;Francesco Uderzo MD,&nbsp;Giulia Provenza MD,&nbsp;Giacomo Spinato MD,&nbsp;Enzo Emanuelli MD,&nbsp;Giancarlo Tirelli MD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23467","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23467","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Olfactory dysfunction (OD) is a key symptom of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Although extensively studied in CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), OD in CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) remains under-researched. This study aims to assess the prevalence of OD and its evolution in surgically naïve patients with CRSsNP undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective study included 97 participants with CRSsNP (mean age, 46.5 years; 70.1% men) and 97 healthy controls (mean age, 46.5 years; 70.1% men). Participants underwent psychophysical evaluations of orthonasal (using the Sniffin’ Sticks test) and retronasal olfaction (using powdered aromas) at enrolment and 6 months post-ESS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Out of 97 patients, 81 (83.5%) completed all assessments. At enrolment, 23 (28.4%) CRSsNP patients had OD based on composite threshold, discrimination, identification scores, compared with 7 (8.6%) controls (absolute % difference, 19.8% [95% CI, 8.2–31.4]). Retronasal olfactory function was also significantly worse in CRSsNP patients. Six months post-ESS, 30 patients (37.0%) experienced a clinically significant improvement in olfactory, whereas nonsignificant changes were observed in retronasal olfactory score, and 3.7% of patients experienced a deterioration of the olfactory function.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In conclusion, although 37% of patients experienced a clinically significant improvement in their sense of smell following ESS, the overall prevalence of OD in this surgically naive population appears relatively low, especially when compared to that observed in patients with CRSwNP. Therefore, ESS may offer some benefits for enhancing orthonasal olfactory function, but the extent of these improvements appears to be limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"157-165"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785150/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of functional endoscopic sinus surgery on asthma control in patients with comorbid chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma: A national database study","authors":"Mbuyi Madeleine Kabongo MD, MPH, DrPH,&nbsp;Joshua M. Levy MD, MPH, MS,&nbsp;Lauren T. Roland MD, MSCI","doi":"10.1002/alr.23462","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23462","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key points</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>In patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and comorbid asthma, patients with surgical intervention required less asthma rescue medication, as compared to those who did not undergo surgery.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Following sinus surgery, patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma required more asthma medication, as compared to the time period prior to surgery.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"200-202"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142390358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stepwise Empty Nose Syndrome Evaluation (SENSE) test—A modified cotton test for reduced bias in office diagnosis of empty nose syndrome","authors":"Lirit Levi MD,&nbsp;Angela Yang BS,&nbsp;Esmond F. Tsai BS,&nbsp;Yifei Ma MS,&nbsp;Nour Ibrahim MD,&nbsp;Sachi S. Dholakia BS,&nbsp;Vidya K. Rao MD, MBA,&nbsp;Axel Renteria MD,&nbsp;Xueying Cao MS,&nbsp;Michael T. Chang MD,&nbsp;Jayakar V. Nayak MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23442","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23442","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Diagnosis of empty nose syndrome (ENS) relies on the ENS six-item questionnaire (ENS6Q) with a score of ≥11, followed by a “positive” cotton test yielding seven-point reduction from baseline ENS6Q score via cotton placement to the inferior meatus (IM). Given the intricacies of diagnosing ENS and the propensity for false positives with the standard cotton test, we modified the classic single-step cotton test into a four-part Stepwise Empty Nose Syndrome Evaluation (SENSE) cotton test to reduce bias and evaluate the placebo effect.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Individuals diagnosed with ENS underwent the SENSE test, a single-blinded, four-step, office-based cotton test, without topical anesthesia or decongestants. Conditions included: (1) placebo/no cotton placed; (2) complete cotton-blockade of nasal vestibule; (3) cotton placed medially against the nasal septum; and (4) cotton placed laterally in the IM (site of inferior turbinate tissue loss). With each condition, patients completed an ENS6Q.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Forty-eight ENS patients were included. Twenty-nine percent demonstrated a placebo effect (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 40.4% had a positive response to complete cotton-blockade (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), 64.4% to septum-placed cotton, and 79.1% to IM-placed cotton (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), corresponding to a mean ENS6Q reduction of 11.9 points (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Notably, the mean difference in ENS6Q scores between septum and IM placement was 1.7 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The SENSE test offers further insight into subtleties of nasal breathing experienced by ENS patients. The placebo effect can be prominent and important to consider with individual patients. While most ENS patients prefer any intranasal cotton placement over baseline, blinded testing reveals these patients can accurately discriminate minimal changes in nasal aerodynamics.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"149-156"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of noncoding RNA in allergic rhinitis","authors":"Xiangkun Zhao BS,&nbsp;Yuteng Yang BS,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang BS,&nbsp;Xi Chen BS,&nbsp;Yisong Yao BS,&nbsp;Ting Yuan BS,&nbsp;Jiaxuan Li BS,&nbsp;Yumei Li PhD,&nbsp;Xicheng Song PhD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23461","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23461","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is one of the most common respiratory noninfectious diseases and chronic inflammatory diseases, the incidence of which has been increasing in recent years. The main pathological characteristics of AR are repeated inflammation, airway hyperreactivity, mucus hypersecretion, and reversible airway obstruction due to inflammatory cell response. AR occurrence is associated with various factors, including those of genetic and environmental origins. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a group of RNA molecules that cannot be converted into polypeptides. The three main categories of ncRNAs include microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNAs (circRNAs). NcRNAs play a crucial role in controlling gene expression and contribute to the development of numerous human diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Articles are selected based on Pubmed's literature review and the author's personal knowledge. The largest and highest quality studies were included. The search selection is not standardized. Several recent studies have indicated the relationship of ncRNAs with the development of respiratory allergic diseases. NcRNAs, including miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs, are important gene expression regulatory factors. We review the expression and function of ncRNAs in AR, their role as disease biomarkers, and their prospective applicability in future research and clinically. We also discuss interactions between ncRNAs and their influence on AR comprehensively, these interactions are essential for determining the underlying pathological mechanisms further and discovering new drug therapeutic targets.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>NcRNAs can be used as biomarkers for early AR diagnosis, disease surveillance and prognosis assessment. Various categories of ncRNAs play distinct yet interconnected roles and actively contribute to intricate gene regulatory networks. They are also therapeutic targets and biomarkers in other allergic diseases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This article demonstrates ncRNAs have a wide range of applications in AR treatment. The database covers three key areas: miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs. Additionally, potential avenues for future research to facilitate the practical application of ncRNAs as therapeutic targets and biomarkers will be explore. With further research and technological development, ncRNAs may provide additional innovative, effective solutions for AR treatment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"14 11","pages":"1757-1775"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"S100A9 induces tissue remodeling of human nasal epithelium in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp","authors":"Sang Hyeon Ahn MD, PhD,&nbsp;Jun Taek Oh MD,&nbsp;Dae Hyun Kim MD,&nbsp;Eun Jung Lee MD, PhD,&nbsp;Min-Seok Rha MD, PhD,&nbsp;Hyung-Ju Cho MD, PhD,&nbsp;Chang-Hoon Kim MD, PhD","doi":"10.1002/alr.23460","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23460","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic inflammation triggers tissue remodeling in human nasal epithelial (HNE) cells. S100A9, a protein secreted by inflammatory cells, exhibits potent proinflammatory activity. However, its effect on HNE cell remodeling, such as squamous metaplasia, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effects and underlying pathways of S100A9 on HNE cell remodeling and investigate its clinical implications in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Cultured HNE cells were treated with S100A9. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed to analyze gene ontology (GO). Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were also analyzed. Additionally, immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence were performed on tissue samples obtained from 60 patients, whose clinical informations were also reviewed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>GO enrichment analysis indicated that S100A9 induced tissue remodeling in HNE cells toward squamous metaplasia. IPA and KEGG commonly showed that S100A9 affected HNE cells associated with the IL-17 signaling pathway, including target molecules such as matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and small proline-rich protein 2A (SPRR2A). Squamous metaplasia with a marked expression of S100A9 was observed in 50% of CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNPs). In addition, in multiplex immunofluorescence, the S100A9 in sub-epithelium was co-expressed with myeloperoxidase, a neutrophil marker, and MMP1 and SPRR2A were strongly expressed in epithelial remodeling. Clinically, the expression of S100A9 correlated with sino-nasal outcome test-22 (<i>r</i> = 0.294, <i>p</i> = 0.022) and Lund–Mackay scores (<i>r</i> = 0.348, <i>p</i> = 0.006).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>S100A9 induces tissue remodeling in HNE cells. Its increased expression in CRSwNP, particularly squamous epithelium, correlates with disease severity. This suggests the clinical potential of S100A9 as a biomarker for CRS severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 2","pages":"135-148"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11785152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142377885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}