International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Reply to: Malik MMUD on Early and Sustained Improvements in Sense of Smell With Tezepelumab Treatment in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (WAYPOINT).","authors":"Joaquim Mullol, Joseph K Han, Tanya M Laidlaw, Claire Hopkins, Anju T Peters, Oliver Pfaar, Martin Desrosiers, Stella E Lee, Andrew P Lane, Claudia Chen, Yun Chon, Sandhia S Ponnarambil, Andrew Foster, Andrew W Lindsley, Christopher S Ambrose","doi":"10.1002/alr.70240","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70240","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1060-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544477/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Early and Sustained Improvements in Sense of Smell With Tezepelumab Treatment in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (WAYPOINT)\".","authors":"Maajid Mohi Ud Din Malik","doi":"10.1002/alr.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1056-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biomarker Axes, Detection Limits, and Endotype Stability in CRS: Reply to Katkuri et al. and Hong.","authors":"Asher C Park, Brooke N Gleason, Eli Stein, Saied Ghadersohi, Atsushi Kato, Stephanie Shintani-Smith, David B Conley, Kevin C Welch, Robert C Kern, Bruce K Tan","doi":"10.1002/alr.70258","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1062-1064"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544490/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of the Importance of Olfaction Questionnaire Using Item Response Theory.","authors":"Alexander Lein, Bernhard Prem, Christian A Mueller, David T Liu","doi":"10.1002/alr.70263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70263","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key points: </strong>The IOQ measures the value patients place on olfaction, a construct distinct from disease burden. The IOQ is most precise across the central trait range typical of routine ENT patients. Association items carry most measurement information, enabling a brief affective screen.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Psychometric Evaluation of a Novel Olfactory Measure, U-Smell-It, in Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Claire E Perrin, Jennifer S Lee, Ashwin Vasudevan, Ben J Bernard, Vivienne M Li, Omer Baker, Clifford J He, Thomas Zhou, Adam S DeConde, Carol H Yan","doi":"10.1002/alr.70260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70260","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148864851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Highly Effective Modulator Therapy on Olfactory-Specific Gene Expression in People With Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Michael R Xiang, Ankit Chauhan, Gina Hong, Denis Hadjiliadis, Daniel Dorgan, Michael M Rey, Samantha Kane, James N Palmer, Nithin D Adappa, Noam A Cohen, Michael A Kohanski, Jennifer E Douglas","doi":"10.1002/alr.70253","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70253","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis is common in people with cystic fibrosis (PwCF). Highly effective modulator therapy (HEMT) has been shown to improve sinonasal outcomes. However, prior studies failed to show improvement in objective olfaction with HEMT, and the impact of HEMT on olfactory-specific quality of life has yet to be studied. Furthermore, the underlying changes in gene expression within the olfactory epithelium (OE) of PwCF remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-center cross-sectional cohort study of PwCF. Patients with no history of cystic fibrosis (CF) or comorbid sinus disease were used as controls. Olfactory-specific quality-of-life (QOD-NS) and objective olfactory testing (Sniffin' Sticks comprehensive test) were collected. Cytology brushings from the OE were obtained to isolate RNA for olfactory-specific gene expression (OMP, TUJ1, KRT5, SOX2, OR9K2, and OR5AN1).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty PwCF were enrolled (HEMT n = 32, non-HEMT n = 18, and control n = 17). A significant difference was found for QOD-NS (p = 0.041) but not for objective olfaction (p = 0.72) by HEMT status. There was a significant difference between HEMT and non-HEMT cohorts for SOX2 gene expression (p = 0.016); there were no significant differences observed in other markers. Comparing PwCF to controls, significant differences were found in gene expression across all markers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HEMT is associated with QOD-NS but not objective olfaction in PwCF. HEMT may impact gene expression of support cells in the OE but does not appear to affect olfactory neuronal gene expression. This suggests PwCF have early and irreversible damage to the OE. Further studies are necessary to better understand CF-induced changes to the OE.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Luke M O'Neil, Hannan A Qureshi, Logan Lindemann, David J Cvancara, Ashton E Lehmann, Aria Jafari","doi":"10.1002/alr.70262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cognitive dysfunction is increasingly recognized as an extra-nasal manifestation of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This scoping review characterizes the primary evidence on cognition in adult CRS, covering measures, treatment response, and incident dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched EMBASE, PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and Global Index Medicus through May 2026 using a MeSH and free-text strategy. Inclusion criteria include primary studies of adult CRS with a formal clinical diagnosis (AAO-HNS, EPOS or ICD-coded) reporting at least one validated cognitive measure or recognized cognitive impairment. Two reviewers screened independently. Animal studies, reviews, conference abstracts, and non-CRS populations were excluded. PRISMA-ScR reporting was performed; heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-four primary studies met inclusion criteria. Adults with CRS perform worse than controls on subjective (Cognitive Failures Questionnaire [CFQ], Neuro-QoL) and objective (Montreal Cognitive Assessment [MoCA], Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics [ANAM], eye movement assessment, P300) cognitive instruments. Deficits correlate with disease-specific QoL severity (SNOT-22, Rhinosinusitis Disability Index [RSDI]). Cognitive measures improve after medical therapy or endoscopic sinus surgery. Two resting-state fMRI analyses identified altered orbitofrontal-precuneus connectivity scaling with sinonasal inflammation. Dementia results are mixed: a UK Biobank analysis (7176 CRS cases among 364,945 participants) reported increased Alzheimer disease risk (HR 1.33), while two Korean cohorts and a 2025 meta-analysis found no association.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Adults with CRS show measurable cognitive dysfunction that may improve with treatment, with a plausible neuroinflammatory pathophysiology. Whether this translates to incident dementia is contested. Outcome heterogeneity limits synthesis; therefore, development of a CRS-specific cognitive measurement set is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148857056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biologics Adoption in CRSwNP and the Associated Decline in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Longitudinal Claims Database Study.","authors":"Stephanie Shintani Smith, Sam L Kaefer, Harsh Duvvuru, Robert C Kern, Brent A Senior, Vijay R Ramakrishnan","doi":"10.1002/alr.70256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biologic treatments were introduced for chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) in 2019. Treatment algorithms for medically refractory CRSwNP remain open, with patients choosing among surgery, biologics, or both. Real-world utilization of surgery and biologics remains incompletely characterized.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to evaluate temporal trends in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) and biologic utilization in relation to 2019 Food and Drug Administration approval of biologics for CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective study of CRSwNP ESS and biologic prescription rates, patient demographics, and comorbidities within the Merative MarketScan Research database (2016-2024). Quarterly and annual trends were evaluated by regression and interrupted time series analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 59,953 CRSwNP patients were included. Annual ESS rates declined, whereas biologic prescriptions increased markedly from 2016 to 2024. Dupilumab dominated among biologic alternatives. Interrupted time series analysis demonstrated a sharp decline in ESS rates with the 2019 introduction of biologics for CRSwNP, whereas biologic use grew continuously across 2016-2024 with a large increase in 2019-2020. Combination ESS and biologic treatment is growing but remains relatively infrequent. Patients receiving biologics were older and suffered from type 2 inflammatory comorbidities, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (p<0.001 for both).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In CRSwNP, biologic treatment has increased significantly in recent years, particularly in older patients or those with type 2 inflammatory comorbidities. Overall ESS utilization in CRSwNP has declined, and combination ESS and biologics are an emerging phenomenon. These figures reveal the extent of evolution in CRSwNP treatment induced by targeted medical therapies in real-world practice and serve as a foundation for healthcare utilization discussions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148818304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial-Metabolite Signatures Are Associated With Glucocorticoid Responsiveness in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps.","authors":"Ying-Ying Zhang, Xin-Yu Ding, Mei-Ping Lu, Yan-Bing Chen, Ye Yuan, Lin Jiang, Min Zhang, Lei Cheng","doi":"10.1002/alr.70246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) exhibit heterogeneous responses to oral glucocorticoids (GCs), but the biological basis of this variability remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify gut microbiome‒plasma metabolomic signatures associated with GC responsiveness in CRSwNP patients and to compare their predictive value with that of conventional clinical indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with CRSwNP aged 18-65 years with bilateral nasal polyps and a nasal polyp score (NPS) ≥ 2 on at least one side were enrolled, together with septoplasty controls without sinonasal disease. GC responsiveness was defined as the change in endoscopic NPS after 2 weeks of oral methylprednisolone. Fecal shotgun metagenomic and untargeted plasma metabolomics were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six CRSwNP patients and 30 controls were included. At baseline, GC responders had significantly greater tissue eosinophilic inflammation, whereas GC non-responders had higher NPS. Responders exhibited distinct baseline gut microbial and plasma metabolic profiles, characterized by the enrichment of Bacteroides caccae, Microbacterium flavum, and Mucilaginibacter rigui, and markedly elevated levels of lupinisoflavone N, CAY10622, kanzonol V, and D-sorbitol. These baseline features were positively correlated with tissue eosinophilic inflammation. After treatment, reductions in Lund-Mackay CT total score, ethmoid/maxillary sinus CT score ratio, NPS, tissue eosinophilic inflammation, and tissue IL-6 mRNA levels were significantly greater in GC responders. Tissue eosinophil count was the strongest conventional predictor (AUC = 0.885), while the integrated multiomics model achieved an AUC of 0.899, showing only marginal improvement.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gut microbiome-plasma metabolomic signatures capture the systemic immunometabolic context of GC therapy and are linked to GC responsiveness in CRSwNP, explaining interindividual treatment efficacy differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148812899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Reliability Testing of the Sinonasal Assessment of Reepithelialization, a Novel Wound Healing Scale to Assess Postoperative Healing.","authors":"Rohan Bellary, Zakaria Dairi, Niraj Rama, Jennifer Kreinik, Thomas S Higgins, Taylor Carle, Arthur W Wu, Dilpreet Mann, Jennifer K Mulligan, Brian Lobo, Christopher Ito, Elisa A Illing, Satyan B Sreenath, Martin J Citardi, Christopher Roxbury, Raj Sindwani, Edward McCoul, Jeffrey Suh, Daniel Beswick, Philip G Chen, Dennis M Tang","doi":"10.1002/alr.70252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70252","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sinus and skull base surgery create areas of demucosalized bone and cartilage in the sinonasal cavity, yet no standardized system exists to describe the progressive healing of these wounds. The goal of this study was to develop the novel Sinonasal Assessment of Reepithelialization (SNARE) and perform parametric testing including inter-rater and intra-rater reliability analyses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using a modified Delphi method, an 11-member expert panel comprising 10 rhinologists and one PhD otolaryngology research scientist developed a four-stage wound healing scale over three iterative rounds, with consensus set at 80%. Consensus scale was as follows: Stage 0: Fully remucosalized; Stage 1: Mostly remucosalized; Stage 2: Extensive healing (granulation) tissue, minimal remucosalization; Stage 3: Minimal healing (granulation) tissue. Fifty-nine postoperative videos of nasoseptal flap (NSF) harvest sites were reviewed by 14 blinded, fellowship-trained rhinologists to assess inter-rater reliability-12 of whom repeated the evaluation after 1 month to assess intra-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Inter-rater reliability for individual raters was good (intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)(A,1) = 0.763, Round 1; 0.761, Round 2). Intra-rater ICC(A,1) values ranged from 0.653 to 0.938 (mean = 0.83), indicating moderate reliability for one reviewer and good-to-excellent repeatability for the remainder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The SNARE is a reliable, endoscopically based staging system with good-to-excellent inter- and intra-rater reliability for describing remucosalization of sinonasal wounds following sinus and skull base surgery. It provides a reliability-tested metric for future studies evaluating the effects of postoperative interventions on sinonasal wound healing.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}