International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Differential Immune Cell Infiltration in Eosinophilic and Non-Eosinophilic CRS: Correlations With Clinical, Endoscopic, and Radiological Findings.","authors":"Katarzyna Czerwaty, Katarzyna Piszczatowska, Mirosław J Szczepański, Natalia Jermakow, Nils Ludwig, Karolina Dżaman","doi":"10.1002/alr.23563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23563","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pathogenesis of inflammation in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and non-eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (NECRS) remains poorly understood. This study aimed to assess immune cell infiltration within the sinonasal microenvironment in these conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective case-controlled study was conducted to evaluate the expression of CD3, CD11b, CD16, and CD19 in CRS. Sinonasal mucosal sections from patients with ECRS (n = 18), NECRS (n = 27), and normal controls (n = 12) were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Preoperative clinical data, including sinonasal symptoms, allergy and asthma status, endoscopic Lund‒Kennedy score, radiological Lund‒Mackay score, and peripheral blood morphological parameters, were collected. Expression profiles were then correlated with clinical data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant differences were observed in the number of CD11b-positive and CD19-positive cells between ECRS and NECRS patients, as well as in the number of CD3-positive cells in CRS groups compared to controls. In ECRS patients, a positive correlation was found between the expression of CD16-positive and CD11b-positive cells. Additionally, elevated B-cell expression in this group was associated with olfactory dysfunction and the radiological severity of lesions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study reveals distinct inflammatory patterns in ECRS and NECRS and provides new insights into the underlying mechanisms of CRS. The assessment of CD11b, CD16, and CD19 expression could potentially serve as biomarkers to predict treatment response, especially in patients undergoing monoclonal antibody therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23563"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Superior Benefits of Combining Mepolizumab With Sinus Surgery Compared to Mepolizumab Alone: Results From a Randomised 6-Month Trial.","authors":"Anne-Sophie Homøe, Kasper Aanæs, Jens Even Tidemandsen, Haase Christiane Holbaek, Rubek Niclas, Samuelsen Grethe Badsberg, Larsen Bent Ivan Holmegaard, Vibeke Backer","doi":"10.1002/alr.23562","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23562","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) significantly impacts patients' quality of life (QoL). Standard treatments include nasal irrigations, nasal steroids, systemic corticosteroids, and functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS). Uncontrolled severe CRSwNP treated with monoclonal antibodies (biologic drugs) gain better disease control, although some residual symptoms may persist. Combining biologic therapy with FESS could potentially reduce residual symptoms faster and for a longer period. Therefore, we aim to compare the effectiveness of combined FESS and biologic therapy against biologics alone in patients with severe CRSwNP.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This randomised controlled trial (RCT) enrolled 58 patients with CRSwNP and type 2 inflammation who were randomly assigned to FESS or non-FESS groups. All patients were treated with 100 mg of s.c. mepolizumab every 4 weeks for 6 months. Those in the FESS group underwent surgery 2 weeks after the first injection. Patients were assessed at baseline and after 6 months using the sino-nasal outcome test-22 (SNOT-22), visual analog scale (VAS), nasal congestion score (NCS), and the smell identification test (16 sticks). Clinical evaluations were performed using rhinoscopy to identify nasal polyp scores (NPS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both treatment groups significantly improved in terms of their SNOT-22 scores after 6 months of treatment (p < 0.001). There were not significant differences between the two groups (p = 0.055). Patients with large NPS (6-8) improved significantly in terms of their SNOT-22 scores when they underwent combined treatment (FESS and mepolizumab) compared with s.c. mepolizumab alone (p < 0.05). They also exhibited improvements in ΔNPS (p < 0.001), VAS CRS (p = 0.074), and NCS reduction (p < 0.001) after undergoing combined treatment compared with those who had mepolizumab alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with large polyp scores experienced significant improvements in their QoL (SNOT-22) and reduced NPS, NCS, and VAS CRS more when polyp burden was reduced with FESS in association with mepolizumab treatment compared to those treated with mepolizumab alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23562"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IL-13-Induced Periostin Expression is Increased in Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Isao Suzaki, Eiko Hirabayashi, Yuna Teguchi, Mio Takeuchi, Kojiro Hirano, Toshikazu Shimane, Satoshi Nunomura, Kenji Izuhara, Bruce K Rubin","doi":"10.1002/alr.23559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Periostin is an extracellular matrix protein that is highly expressed in nasal polyp (NP) tissues in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). This study investigated the cellular source of periostin in sinonasal tissues and the mechanism of IL-13-induced periostin production in nasal epithelial cells.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The amount and localization of the periostin protein and mRNA were examined via immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization analysis in control subjects and subjects with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) and non-ECRS. The expression levels of periostin and type 2 inflammatory cytokines in the tissue were measured by protein and mRNA levels. Normal human nasal epithelial cells were cultured in the presence of IL-13, and the effect of the specific inhibitors, leflunomide, PD98059, or PS1145, on periostin production was evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Periostin was mainly deposited in the subepithelial region of NP tissues in ECRS and was more highly expressed than in non-ECRS (p < 0.01) and control subjects (p < 0.001). The number of periostin mRNA-positive basal epithelial cells was significantly increased in NP tissues in ECRS. The IL-13 concentration was strongly correlated with periostin expression in the tissues (p < 0.0001, r = 0.8802). Periostin production was much greater in differentiated cells under long-term stimulation with IL-13 than in ciliated cells, and this effect was attenuated by leflunomide and PD98059, but not by PS1145.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>NP tissues from ECRS patients exhibit increased type 2 inflammatory cytokines and periostin. Nasal epithelial cells, particularly basal cells, are an important source of periostin. Exposure to IL-13 is important for periostin production from nasal epithelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23559"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Lung. Impact of Elexacaftor/Tezacaftor/Ivacaftor on Sinonasal Disease in Children With Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Margaux Petitjean, Alexia Letierce, Anne-Sophie Bonnel, Philippe Reix, Eric Deneuville, Nathalie Stremler, Romain Luscan, Vincent Couloigner, Laurent Mely, Katia Bessaci, Guillaume Labbe, Christophe Marguet, Mairead Kelly-Aubert, Fatiha Hassani, Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus, François Simon","doi":"10.1002/alr.23557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) is a Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) therapy that improves pulmonary function and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) in cystic fibrosis (CF) adults with at least one copy of the F508del CFTR mutation. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact of ETI on CRS symptoms in children and adolescents with CF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The MODUL-CF observational study is a multicenter prospective cohort study enrolling CF children with at least 1 F508del mutation in France. Subjects answered a standardized questionnaire on nasal obstruction and smell and were invited to complete the Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life Survey (SN-5) questionnaire prior to ETI therapy and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months ETI. Part of the cohort underwent sinus computerized tomography (CT) within an ancillary study, scored by the Lund-Mackay CT score (LMKS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 391 subjects, 94 (24.0%) were aged between 6 and 12 years, and 297 were adolescents. Sixty-four (16.3%) reported nasal obstruction at baseline. One hundred and sixty-three completed the SN-5 questionnaire at M0, 181 at M12, and 123 at M0 and M12. Mean SN-5 global score baseline value was similar to that of a healthy pediatric control cohort. SN-5 global score, nasal obstruction, sinus infection, and emotion domain subscores improved significantly at 1 month and this was sustained over 12 months. LMKS improved significantly in 43 patients who underwent sinus CT at M0 and M12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ETI improves sinonasal symptoms and related quality of life (QOL), including emotion domain, in children and adolescents with CF.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23557"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Olfactory Outcomes of Dupilumab in the Treatment of Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Polyposis.","authors":"Babak Pourmomenarabi, Taciano Rocha, Michal Kahanovitch, Ameen Biadsee, Andrew Thamboo, Brian Rotenberg, Leigh J Sowerby","doi":"10.1002/alr.23561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23561","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23561"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143566689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Readability of Rhinology-Related Patient Education Materials Generated by Artificial Intelligence-Based Chatbots.","authors":"Amani Kais, John Nguyen, Hassan H Ramadan, Ruifeng Cui, Chadi A Makary","doi":"10.1002/alr.23560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23560","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23560"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Elexacaftor-Tezacaftor-Ivacaftor Improves Sinonasal Outcomes in Young Children With Cystic Fibrosis.","authors":"Amanda L Stapleton, Adam Kimple, Jennifer L Goralski, Daniel M Beswick, Anshika Gupta, Douglas A Li, Barton F Branstetter, S Mehdi Nouraie, Amber D Shaffer, Brent Senior, Anna C Zemke","doi":"10.1002/alr.23555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23555","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Severe chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a near universal manifestation of cystic fibrosis. Elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) is an oral, small molecule, highly effective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) corrector-potentiator drug. In people with cystic fibrosis age > 12 years, ETI improves sinonasal symptoms, endoscopy findings, polyp size, and radiologic findings. This study evaluates changes in CRS in children ages 6-12 years newly started on ETI.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective, three center, pre-post study of 11 children age 6-11 years newly started on ETI. Study endpoints included the SN-5 sinonasal health survey, Sniffin' Kids olfaction test, a sinus computerized tomography (CT) scan, and nasal endoscopy with mucus sampling for full-length 16S rRNA sequencing microbiome analysis. Study visits were conducted before ETI and at a median of 9 months after treatment initiation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ETI lead to improvement in symptoms, endoscopy scores and radiologic findings of CRS. Olfaction was below normal at baseline and did not improve. The sinonasal microbiome was dominated by typically commensal organisms before and after treatment for most participants. Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus was found in five participants at baseline and six participants on treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ETI improves sinonasal symptoms and endoscopy findings in children 6-11 years of age. Olfaction did not improve with ETI treatment in this age group, suggesting that olfactory dysfunction associated with CF is established early in life. This younger cohort of pediatric patients presented with abundant Staphylococcus aureus and only very rare Pseudomonas aeruginosa at baseline or after treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23555"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deletion of Nrf2 Enhances Susceptibility to Sinonasal Inflammation After Short-Term PM_2.5 Exposure.","authors":"Anuj Tharakan, Asiana Gurung, Nyall R London, Stefany Lazieh, Shyam Biswal, Murugappan Ramanathan","doi":"10.1002/alr.23550","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23550","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Particulate matter 2.5 (PM_2.5) has been identified as one of the most pathogenic components of air pollution and has been associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) prevalence and severity.  Nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), an antioxidant transcription factor, is critical for protective responses against environmental exposures, such as PM_2.5. The goal of this study was to elucidate the role of Nrf2 in a short-term PM_2.5-induced murine model of CRS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>C57BL/6 wild-type (n = 12) and Nrf2-deficient (n = 12) mice were intranasally challenged with 400 µg of PM_2.5 or saline alone for 2 weeks. Heads were harvested and sectioned to perform IHC and flow cytometry, and sinonasal mucosa was dissected to perform qPCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nrf2^-/- mice exhibited a 50% increase in sinonasal inflammation, with a neutrophilic predominance. Nrf2 deficiency also promoted elevated levels of sinonasal Muc5ac expression and increased expression of type 2, type 3, and epithelial-derived cytokines.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that the Nrf2 antioxidant pathway is critical in controlling short-term PM_2.5-induced sinonasal type 3 inflammation and may represent a potential therapeutic target to modulate the inflammatory response induced by air pollution.  This is the first study to our knowledge to demonstrate that Nrf2 regulates PM_2.5-induced rhinosinusitis in vivo.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to the Editor Regarding: “In Office Sampling of Eosinophil Peroxidase to Diagnose Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis”","authors":"Jacquelyn K. Callander,&nbsp;Annabelle R. Charbit,&nbsp;Kritika Khanna,&nbsp;John V. Fahy,&nbsp;Monica Tang,&nbsp;Maude Liegeois,&nbsp;Steven D. Pletcher,&nbsp;Andrew N. Goldberg,&nbsp;Jose G. Gurrola II,&nbsp;Andrew H. Murr,&nbsp;Anna Butrymowicz,&nbsp;Patricia A. Loftus","doi":"10.1002/alr.23554","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23554","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 3","pages":"367-368"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143491930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correspondence to the Editor Regarding “In Office Sampling of Eosinophil Peroxidase to Diagnose Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis”","authors":"Hyun Jin Min","doi":"10.1002/alr.23553","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.23553","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"15 3","pages":"363-364"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143482982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}