International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Metagenomics or Metataxonomics: Best Practice Methods to Uncover the Sinus Microbiome.","authors":"Isabella Burdon, George Bouras, Kevin Fenix, Kenny Yeo, James Connell, Clare Cooksley, Emma Barry, Sarah Vreugde, Peter J Wormald, Alkis J Psaltis","doi":"10.1002/alr.23617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23617","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23617"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144181613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association Between Autonomic Dysfunction and Empty Nose Syndrome.","authors":"Cheng-Yu Li, Ta-Jen Lee, Yi-Wei Chen, Po-Hung Chang, Ya-Cheng Tang, Yu-Chieh Chen, Shu-Yen Wan, Chia-Hsiang Fu","doi":"10.1002/alr.23618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23618","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23618"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paxlovid Is Associated With Lower Rates of Long COVID-19 Smell and Taste Disorders.","authors":"Esther Wang, Zara M Patel","doi":"10.1002/alr.23612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23612","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Research is needed on treatments that prevent progression to long COVID-19 olfactory and gustatory dysfunction, which millions continue to suffer from. We sought to explore the utility of Paxlovid in decreasing rates of long COVID-19 smell and taste loss.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This case-control study at a single tertiary medical center examined patients who were acutely infected with COVID-19 and received Paxlovid from December 2021 to September 2023 and age-matched infected patients who did not receive Paxlovid. Occurrence of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial pain/pressure and smell/taste loss were recorded both in the acute (<30 days for nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, facial pain/pressure; <90 days for smell/taste loss) and the long-term settings for both groups. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare the two groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 846 individuals had complete data (Paxlovid: 423, non-Paxlovid: 423). Significantly more individuals in the Paxlovid group experienced nasal congestion (p < 0.001) and rhinorrhea (p = 0.006) in the acute setting. However, resolution of these symptoms after 30 days did not differ between the Paxlovid and non-Paxlovid groups (p = 0.375 and p = 0.316, respectively). Facial pressure did not differ between the two groups in either the acute or long-term setting (p = 0.077 and p = 0.315). In the acute setting, there was no significant difference between groups in the number of patients experiencing olfactory/gustatory changes (p = 0.487). After taking Paxlovid however, individuals were less likely to experience long-term olfactory/gustatory changes (p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Early intervention with Paxlovid may decrease the risk of long COVID-19 smell/taste changes. Further study with a randomized controlled trial would help providers know more definitively if they should consider this utility in preventing long-term smell and taste loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23612"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144180323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postoperative Sleep Outcomes in Empty Nose Syndrome: Associations With Psychiatric Symptomatology.","authors":"Hsiang-An Hsueh, Ta-Jen Lee, Li-Pang Chuang, Chi-Che Huang, Yi-Wei Chen, Po-Hung Chang, Chia-Chen Wu, Ya-Cheng Tang, Chia-Hsiang Fu","doi":"10.1002/alr.23615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Empty nose syndrome (ENS) is an iatrogenic condition characterized by paradoxical nasal obstruction and significant impairments in mental status and sleep function. Reconstructive surgery aims to improve the symptoms and overall well-being of patients with ENS. In this study, we investigated the effects of reconstructive surgery on sleep outcomes in patients with ENS, emphasizing clinically meaningful improvements beyond questionnaire score changes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We prospectively enrolled patients with ENS undergoing surgical reconstruction. We assessed patients pre-reconstructively and at 6 months post-reconstructively, including polysomnography (PSG) and using subjective questionnaires, including the Empty Nose Syndrome Six-Item Questionnaire (ENS6Q), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Epworth Sleepiness Scale (EpSS), Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study enrolled 39 patients undergoing surgical reconstruction. Post-reconstruction ENS6Q, PSQI, EpSS, BDI-II, and BAI scores improved significantly. Patients without post-reconstruction depressive symptomatology were 13 times more likely to achieve clinically meaningful improvements in PSQI scores. The snore index significantly decreased in patients without post-reconstruction anxious symptomatology, while other PSG parameters did not show significant changes following reconstruction.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Reconstructive surgery significantly alleviates subjective symptoms in ENS patients, while psychiatric status plays a pivotal role in determining sleep outcomes. These findings highlight the importance of a comprehensive treatment approach that integrates both nasal function restoration and psychiatric care for optimizing surgical outcomes in ENS patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e3615"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering Key Features for Predicting Comorbid Chronic Eosinophilic Pneumonia in Chronic Rhinosinusitis via Machine Learning.","authors":"Masaaki Ishikawa, Zhiqian Jiang, Canh Hao Nguyen, Hiroatsu Hatsukawa, Tomoyuki Hirai, Hirotaka Matsumoto, Emiko Saito, Kouya Okazaki, Kazuo Endo, Satoru Terada, Hiroshi Mamitsuka","doi":"10.1002/alr.23613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23613","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia (CEP) can occur concurrently with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). However, crucial features of comorbid CEP in patients with CRS remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Features of comorbid CEP were thoroughly investigated using machine learning (ML). In ML, (i) highly predictable performance and (ii) high interpretability (e.g., presenting classification rules understandable to clinicians) are two objectives with a tradeoff relationship, resulting in both being simultaneously unachievable by a single ML model. In this study, for (i), ML models were examined to check their predictive performance, and for (ii), decision tree (DT) was used. In addition, to address the lack of interpretability in (i), SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 372 CRS samples (21 with CEP) were collected. In the CRS with CEP group, 19 patients were diagnosed with eosinophilic CRS (ECRS). In (i), extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)/random forest (RF) showed a higher AUC (area under the ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve) than logistic regression/support vector machine. In (ii), the top feature was a blood eosinophil count ≥ 1446/µL, followed by a white blood cell (WBC) ≥ 9.25 × 10³ /µL, and C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 0.335 mg/dL. SHAP, based on XGBoost and RF, selected elevations in the blood eosinophil count, CRP, and WBC count as the top three features.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DT and SHAP selected the same three top features of CRS with CEP. When patients with CRS satisfy the DT algorithm, they may have ECRS with CEP. Therefore, otolaryngologists should perform sinonasal biopsies and chest imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23613"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Impact of Cadaveric Donor Transplant on Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Recalcitrant Disease.","authors":"Estephania Candelo, Anyull D Bohorquez-Caballero, Karol Avila-Castano, Hani Wadei, Angela M Donaldson","doi":"10.1002/alr.23593","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23593","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e3593"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144119679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Validation an Integrated Deep Learning Model to Assist Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis Diagnosis: A Multicenter Study.","authors":"Jingjing Li, Ning Mao, Surita Aodeng, Haicheng Zhang, Zhenzhen Zhu, Lei Wang, Yuzhuo Liu, Hang Qi, Hong Qiao, Yuxi Lin, Zijun Qiu, Tengyu Yang, Yang Zha, Xiaowei Wang, Weiqing Wang, Xicheng Song, Wei Lv","doi":"10.1002/alr.23595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23595","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The assessment of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (eCRS) lacks accurate non-invasive preoperative prediction methods, relying primarily on invasive histopathological sections. This study aims to use computed tomography (CT) images and clinical parameters to develop an integrated deep learning model for the preoperative identification of eCRS and further explore the biological basis of its predictions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 1098 patients with sinus CT images were included from two hospitals and were divided into training, internal, and external test sets. The region of interest of sinus lesions was manually outlined by an experienced radiologist. We utilized three deep learning models (3D-ResNet, 3D-Xception, and HR-Net) to extract features from CT images and calculate deep learning scores. The clinical signature and deep learning score were inputted into a support vector machine for classification. The receiver operating characteristic curve, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were used to evaluate the integrated deep learning model. Additionally, proteomic analysis was performed on 34 patients to explore the biological basis of the model's predictions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The area under the curve of the integrated deep learning model to predict eCRS was 0.851 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.77-0.93) and 0.821 (95% CI: 0.78-0.86) in the internal and external test sets. Proteomic analysis revealed that in patients predicted to be eCRS, 594 genes were dysregulated, and some of them were associated with pathways and biological processes such as chemokine signaling pathway.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed integrated deep learning model could effectively predict eCRS patients. This study provided a non-invasive way of identifying eCRS to facilitate personalized therapy, which will pave the way toward precision medicine for CRS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23595"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular Profiling and Tumor Microenvironment in Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma as Biomarkers for Enhanced Prognostic Stratification.","authors":"Manuel Molina-Garcia, Maria Jesus Rojas-Lechuga, Cristobal Langdon, Judit Mateu, Jaume Bague, Teresa Torres, Vinicius G de Souza, Manuel Bernal-Sprekelsen, Isam Alobid, Rui Milton Patricio da Silva-Júnior, Susana Puig","doi":"10.1002/alr.23606","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23606","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM) is a rare and aggressive melanoma subtype with a notably poor prognosis. Despite molecular characterization advances, SNMM remains clinically challenging, highlighting the need for detailed molecular profiling. This study aimed to identify the molecular features of SNMM, elucidate its prognostic implications, and provide insights for improved therapies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixteen SNMM tumors were retrospectively analyzed at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona. Next-generation sequencing targeted 1392 immuno-oncology-related probes. Log-rank test, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), Cox regression, differentially expressed genes, gene set enrichment analysis, and the xCell algorithm were performed. Statistical analyses comprised descriptive statistics, clinical variable associations, and survival analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 16 tumors, 107 genes significantly correlated with melanoma-specific survival (MSS) (p < 0.05). HCA based on these genes revealed two clusters: Cluster B showed poorer prognosis (median MSS: 11.73 months; Q1: 8.74, Q3: 30.78) compared to Cluster A (median MSS: 81.74 months; Q1: 32.82, Q3: 92.44; p = 0.0051). Cox regression identified staging and molecular clustering as independent MSS predictors, with Cluster B exhibiting a hazard ratio of 13.23 (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.503-116.48, p = 0.02). Cluster B tumors displayed upregulated cell cycle genes and reduced infiltration of CD4+, CD8+, Th1, and B cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Molecular profiling in SNMM provides prognostic information beyond standard clinical parameters. Cell cycle and immune-related gene expression patterns, together with decreased infiltration of CD4+, CD8+, Th1, and B cells, correlate with poorer MSS. Integrating molecular profiling with clinical staging could improve risk assessment and help identify high-risk patients for tailored therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23606"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Epidemiology, Outcomes, and Testing for HPV-Associated Sinonasal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Should Routine HPV Testing Be Encouraged?","authors":"Avraham Adelman, Young Lee, Eunice Im, Brian C Lobo, Jeb M Justice, Nikita Chapurin","doi":"10.1002/alr.23611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23611","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23611"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144093537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating the Quality of YouTube Videos on Chronic Rhinosinusitis.","authors":"Simon Høj, Vibeke Backer, Laura Høj, Torben Sigsgaard, Howraman Meteran","doi":"10.1002/alr.23610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.23610","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"e23610"},"PeriodicalIF":7.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}