International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Comment on \"Early and Sustained Improvements in Sense of Smell With Tezepelumab Treatment in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (WAYPOINT)\".","authors":"Maajid Mohi Ud Din Malik","doi":"10.1002/alr.70239","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70239","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1056-1057"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544468/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral Steroid Use and Asthma Comorbidity in Central Compartment Atopic Disease: The Predictive Role of Olfactory Dysfunction and Eosinophilia.","authors":"Lin Hsu, Chia-Chen Wu, Hsiang-Sheng Wang, Chien-Cheng Chen, Ta-Jen Lee, Po-Hung Chang, Yi-Wei Chen, Yu-Ning Tsao, Hsiang-An Hsueh, Ya-Cheng Tang, Chia-Hsiang Fu","doi":"10.1002/alr.70147","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Central compartment atopic disease (CCAD) is a distinct phenotype of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), characterized by central nasal cavity inflammation. Although well described in Western populations, data from East Asia remain limited. We aimed to characterize CCAD's clinical features, identify predictors of postoperative oral corticosteroid (OCS) use, and explore CCAD's association with comorbid asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this propensity score-matched case-control study, patients with bilateral CRSwNP were classified as CCAD or non-CCAD using endoscopic findings. Clinical characteristics, laboratory markers, and surgical outcomes were compared. Subgroup analysis within CCAD evaluated predictors of postoperative OCS use and comorbid asthma.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared with non-CCAD CRSwNP, CCAD patients had more severe subjective olfactory dysfunction (p = 0.035) and a distinct allergic inflammatory profile, including higher blood and tissue eosinophils, serum immunoglobulin E, and eosinophil cationic protein. Within the CCAD cohort, patients requiring postoperative OCS use had greater tissue eosinophilia; a threshold of ≥ 21 cells/high-power field independently predicted OCS need (hazard ratio = 12.4, 95% confidence interval = 1.6-93.4, p = 0.015). Comorbid asthma was associated with higher Lund-Mackay scores and blood eosinophilia (p = 0.012 and p = 0.007, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CCAD is associated with greater subjective olfactory dysfunction and a distinct allergic inflammatory profile. Tissue eosinophilia independently predicts postoperative corticosteroid use, while advanced disease and elevated blood eosinophils predict comorbid asthma. These findings support risk stratification and personalized postoperative management in CCAD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"977-985"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147608774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Utilization of the Completeness of Surgery Index in Revision Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Patients on Biologic Therapy for CRSwNP.","authors":"Isha Thapar, Margaret B Mitchell, Saawan D Patel, Vidit Talati, Jennifer E Douglas, Michael A Kohanski, Eric H Holbrook, Stacey T Gray, Benjamin S Bleier, Nithin D Adappa, James N Palmer, Alan D Workman","doi":"10.1002/alr.70219","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key points: </strong>Revision surgery in patients on biologic therapy with lower preoperative CoSI scores (<70, reflecting previously incomplete surgery) resulted in significantly greater improvement in SNOT-22 after revision surgery compared to patients with previously adequate surgery. Incomplete prior surgery, as assessed by the CoSI, remains a likely correctable contributor to symptomatology even in patients receiving biologics.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1031-1033"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148411673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reverse Septal Flap Necrosis in Endoscopic Skull Base Reconstruction.","authors":"Nana-Hawwa Abdul-Rahman, Aileen Cui, Garret Choby, Eric W Wang, Georgios A Zenonos, Paul A Gardner, Carl H Snyderman","doi":"10.1002/alr.70236","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1053-1055"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148700853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic Rhinitis Amplifies Asthma Risk in Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Large-Scale Retrospective Cohort Analysis.","authors":"Austin J Lee, Mohamad R Chaaban","doi":"10.1002/alr.70141","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are two highly prevalent airway diseases in the United States. While the coexistence of CRS and asthma is well recognized, less is known about the development of new-onset asthma in CRS, particularly in the context of comorbid AR. This study assessed the impact of CRS and AR on incident asthma using a large electronic health record (EHR) database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX US Collaborative Network, a federated EHR platform encompassing over 100 million patients. Adults ≥ 18 years between January 2009 and December 2019 with CRS were compared to controls without CRS. A second analysis compared patients with CRS and concurrent AR to those with CRS alone. Supplemental analyses substituted chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) for CRS. Propensity score matching balanced cohorts on demographics and comorbidities. Primary outcomes were new-onset asthma and asthma exacerbations, assessed at 1, 2, and 5 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After matching, pre-existing CRS was associated with higher risk of new-onset asthma (adjusted relative risk [aRR] = 1.42, 95% CI 1.36-1.48) and exacerbations (aRR = 1.87, 95% CI 1.75-2.00) at 1 year versus CRS controls, with similar trends at 2 and 5 years. Coexisting AR further amplified risk: patients with CRS + AR had increased asthma incidence relative to CRS alone at 1 year (aRR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.65-1.73), 2 years (aRR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.62-1.68), and 5 years (aRR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.56-1.60), with more than doubled exacerbation risk across all time points. Directionally similar findings were observed in CRSwNP analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRS is associated with increased risk of incident asthma and subsequent exacerbations, and coexisting AR identifies a higher-risk phenotype within CRS. These findings highlight the need for phenotype-informed studies to determine whether targeted upper-airway management can mitigate downstream asthma burden.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"931-941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544469/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147456950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parosmia Beyond Olfactory Loss: A Propensity Score-Matched Study of Central Sensitization-Associated Comorbidities.","authors":"Elay Amidor, Nidal Muhanna, Avraham Abergel, Narin-Nard Carmel Neiderman, David Rosen, Gurston Nyquist, Emma Anisman, Udi Shapira, Hen Chaushu","doi":"10.1002/alr.70222","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70222","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Key points: </strong>Parosmia is linked to migraine, chronic pain, fibromyalgia, and hypersomnia beyond anosmia. Central sensitization comorbidities distinguish parosmia from quantitative olfactory loss. Findings support parosmia as a disorder of altered central sensory processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1039-1042"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Alisha Sharma, Alyssa Y Li, Teruko Kishibe, Dennis Wong, Kevin M Sanders, Maggie Jiang, Heedo Lee, Christine Song, Kieran Mcintyre, Christian Pagnoux, Yvonne Chan, John M Lee, Daniel J Lee","doi":"10.1002/alr.70217","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is one of the most common manifestations of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA), often preceding the diagnosis of systemic vasculitis by several years. The sinonasal presentation of EGPA typically resembles CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), making it clinically indistinguishable from those without EGPA. This overlap frequently contributes to significant diagnostic delays. This scoping review summarizes the prevalence, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of CRSwNP and CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) in EGPA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, CINAHL, and Web of Science from inception to June 4, 2025, for studies reporting CRS in patients with EGPA. Eligible designs included trials, cohorts, case series, and narrative reviews. Non-English studies without translation and articles without primary data were excluded. Outcomes included CRS prevalence, diagnostic modalities, management strategies, and sinonasal outcomes. This study is registered with the Open Science Framework (DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/DA5CK).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-three full-text and 26 abstracts were included, for a total of 109 studies, of which 88 studies (74 full-text and 14 abstracts were included in the analysis). Across the analyzed studies, 1087 patients with CRS and EGPA were included. Median age was 53 years (range: 14.5-75; n = 154), and 189 (48.5%; n = 390) were male. CRSwNP and CRSsNP occurred in 753 (69.3%) and 334 (30.7%) of patients, respectively. The median time from CRS onset to EGPA diagnosis was 66 months (range: 1-120; n = 35). Among 857 patients, EGPA was classified using ACR 1990 criteria (51.7%), ACR/EULAR 2022 (2.7%), and combined frameworks (45.6%). Diagnostic modalities included CT sinus (97.6%), nasal endoscopy (94.7%), and sinus biopsy (91.8%). Biopsy-proven vasculitis was confirmed in three (1.3%) patients. Systemic steroids were used in 362 (91%; n = 398) patients, immunosuppressants in 290 (86.6%; n = 336) patients, and biologics in 154 (58.9%; n = 262) patients, primarily mepolizumab (73.3%), dupilumab (23.4%), and benralizumab (11.7%). Complete CRS remission was achieved in 106 (67.9%) patients following medical therapy and in 11 (18.2%) patients after combined surgical and medical treatment. Among those receiving dupilumab (n = 15), mean SNOT-22 improved by 25.2 (n = 9), with complete remission in six (83.3%) patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRSwNP is the predominant sinonasal phenotype of EGPA. Management is shifting toward targeted biologics with evidence supporting mepolizumab and benralizumab for systemic disease control. Standardized outcome reporting and prospective comparative studies are needed to optimize management and reduce diagnostic delays.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"996-1011"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148430419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing the Scholarly Impact and Geographic Distribution of Rhinology Fellowship Graduates.","authors":"Vivienne M Li, Jennifer S Lee, Michael C Oca, Nicholas R Rowan, Carol H Yan","doi":"10.1002/alr.70209","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70209","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1024-1026"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544491/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148307979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Improves Sensitivity to Change in Sinus Computed Tomography: Evidence From Two Randomized Controlled Trials.","authors":"James W MacKay, Lars H Nordenmark, Sofia Necander, David Cohen, Viktoria Werkström, Maria Jison, Rohit Sood, David Lynch, Stephen M Humphries","doi":"10.1002/alr.70218","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70218","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1034-1038"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544448/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Local Nasal Biomarkers and Olfactory Dysfunction in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"David Kayekjian, Neeti Gandra, Shaun A Nguyen, Shaina W Twardus, Rodney J Schlosser","doi":"10.1002/alr.70223","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70223","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To systematically evaluate the local biomarkers correlated with olfactory dysfunction (OD) in chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted in CINAHL, Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Scopus from inception to July 2025. Studies on CRS patients who underwent olfactory testing and measurement of biomarkers within olfactory mucus were included. Collected variables included CRS phenotype, olfactory test, mucus protein levels, quantification method, and reported correlation coefficients. Meta-analysis of outcome measures in 351 participants included continuous measures (mean), proportions (%), and correlations (r) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven prospective studies met criteria, with 4 studies comprising 201 patients with CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and 150 with CRS without nasal polyps (CRSsNP) for meta-analysis. The CRSwNP and CRSsNP cohorts were 53.08% and 58.09% male, respectively, with a mean age of 49.09 (1.36) and 46.84 (0.4), respectively. In participants with CRSwNP, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-13, IgE, CCL2, and CCL3 were inversely correlated with olfactory function scores (r = -0.223 to -0.333; all p ≤ 0.016). CXCL5 and VEGF-A were positively correlated in CRSwNP (r = 0.240-0.247, both p < 0.01). Other Type 2 cytokines, including IL-4, IL-23, and IL-33, did not show any significant correlations. In CRSsNP, IL-8 was negatively correlated (r = -0.182, p = 0.028) and CXCL5 was positively correlated with olfactory function scores (r = 0.274, p = 0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>OD in CRSwNP is moderately or mildly associated with specific Type 2 cytokines and other biomarkers. OD in CRSsNP is weakly correlated with IL8 and CXCL5, but not Type 2 cytokines. Further prospective studies are needed to elucidate causal relationships and prognostic utility between local biomarkers and OD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1012-1023"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13544501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148548887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}