International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology最新文献

{"title":"Creating Virtual Intraoperative CT Images From Endoscopic Video During Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: A Proof-of-Concept Study","authors":"Graham J. Harris, Nicole Gunderson, Jeremy Ruthberg, Pengcheng Chen, Eric J. Seibel, Randall Bly, Waleed M. Abuzeid","doi":"10.1002/alr.70243","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70243","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Persistent symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) following initial endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) often necessitate revision surgery, which is associated with poorer clinical outcomes [<span>1, 2</span>]. Residual tissue is identified in 64%–96% of revision cases, supporting continued development of tools to improve dissection completeness [<span>3, 4</span>]. Image-guided surgery (IGS) is associated with increased surgical completeness and lower ESS revision rates [<span>5</span>]. However, IGS remains limited by its dependence on static preoperative imaging and costly hardware. Consequently, there is a divergence between the displayed CT images and the surgical field with progressive dissection [<span>5</span>]. In one study, intraoperative CT (iCT) images acquired during ESS led to alterations in the surgical plan in 30% of patients, illustrating the value of up-to-date imaging [<span>6</span>]. However, iCT is rarely used due to increased operative time, radiation exposure, and cost.</p><p>To overcome these shortcomings, we propose virtual intraoperative CT (viCT), a software-based approach that leverages neural radiance fields (NeRF) to reconstruct the surgical scene from endoscopic video. By co-registering reconstructions with preoperative CT images, surgically removed tissue can be algorithmically deleted from the CT [<span>7, 8</span>]. Building upon prior work conducted in 3D-printed models, we evaluated viCT in cadavers [<span>9</span>].</p><p>Four cadaveric specimens underwent bilateral ESS in three sequential stages: (1) maxillary antrostomy, (2) anterior ethmoidectomy, and (3) completion of dissection (total ethmoidectomy, sphenoidotomy, and Draf 2A frontal sinusotomy). After each stage, a 2-min endoscopic survey was recorded, consisting of two sequential, standardized 1-min sweeps of the sinonasal cavity using a 0° and 30°, 4.0-mm rigid endoscope (Karl Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany). The high-resolution 4K endoscopic tower (Stryker 1688 platform; Stryker, Kalamazoo, MI) and light source intensity (70%) were kept consistent across surveys. No image optimization modes were used. Preoperative and stage-matched post-dissection CT scans were obtained with consecutive 0.625-mm-thick axial sections (Somatom Edge; Siemens, Forchheim, Germany).</p><p>Endoscopic frames were extracted as 2–3 s clips (60–90 frames at 30 frames/s) and processed using a previously described, custom NeRF-based pipeline to reconstruct intraoperative anatomy in 3D, rendering at 0.5 frames/second [<span>8-10</span>]. Each reconstruction was registered to the preoperative CT in 3D Slicer (v8.5.1). Manual surface-based alignment was performed by two authors. Each reconstruction was translated and rotated to the corresponding sinonasal region and refined by iterative manual adjustments, aligning its global surface curvature and anatomy to the corresponding soft-tissue contours on the CT. Adjustments continued until the reconstruction showed visually concordant overla","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1210-1213"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13564387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rhinosinusitis in Adults With Autoimmune Diseases: A Scoping Review","authors":"Obadah Tolaymat,&nbsp;Tyler Wanstreet,&nbsp;John Dewey,&nbsp;Kushal Modi,&nbsp;Omar G. Ahmed,&nbsp;Antoine Azar,&nbsp;Fuad M. Baroody,&nbsp;Regan W. Bergmark,&nbsp;Peter Filip,&nbsp;Kent Lam,&nbsp;Jivianne T. Lee,&nbsp;Sandra Y. Lin,&nbsp;Amber U. Luong,&nbsp;Daniel O'Brien,&nbsp;Hassan H. Ramadan,&nbsp;Lindsey Ryan,&nbsp;Elina Toskala,&nbsp;Chadi A. Makary","doi":"10.1002/alr.70230","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70230","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and autoimmune diseases share inflammatory pathways, yet the scope of their association across diverse autoimmune conditions remains incompletely characterized. This scoping review aimed to map the breadth of evidence examining relationships between autoimmune diseases and rhinosinusitis, including epidemiologic associations, mechanistic pathways, and clinical outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Following PRISMA-ScR guidelines, we systematically searched electronic databases for studies examining associations between autoimmune disorders and CRS. Data were extracted on study design, autoimmune conditions, outcomes, and key findings.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Twenty-four studies were included, comprising different types of studies. Rheumatoid arthritis demonstrated the most consistent association with CRS (OR: 1.39–1.9). Sjögren's syndrome showed elevated CRS risk (HR: 1.70–2.51), while systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and ankylosing spondylitis demonstrated moderate associations. IgG4-related disease emerged as a distinct CRS phenotype with 32%–59% sinonasal involvement responding to immunosuppression. Mendelian randomization studies identified causal relationships between multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, hypothyroidism, and CRS, mediated by IL-10, CXCL10, and CD6. CRS without nasal polyps showed stronger autoimmune associations than CRS with nasal polyps. Autoimmune disease was associated with worse quality of life and more frequent acute exacerbations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Substantial evidence supports associations between multiple autoimmune disorders and rhinosinusitis through shared Th1/Th17 pathways and mucosal immune dysregulation. Future research should focus on prospective phenotyping, biomarker integration, and targeted screening strategies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1168-1179"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148669453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bevacizumab Reduces Epistaxis-Related Operative Burden in Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia","authors":"Nathan Barefoot,&nbsp;Priya J. Desai,&nbsp;Anna van Dorsten,&nbsp;Elena Quinonez Del Cid,&nbsp;Katrina Bootes,&nbsp;Ismail Khaderi,&nbsp;Ezer H. Benaim,&nbsp;Jackson Vuncannon,&nbsp;Cristine Klatt-Cromwell,&nbsp;Charles S. Ebert Jr,&nbsp;Raj S. Kasthuri,&nbsp;Brent A. Senior,&nbsp;Brian D. Thorp,&nbsp;Adam J. Kimple","doi":"10.1002/alr.70248","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70248","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key Points</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Bevacizumab reduced epistaxis-related ablation frequency by 55.6% in HHT patients.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Over half of HHT patients (57.7%) required no ablation intervention after bevacizumab initiation.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Maintenance bevacizumab dosing remains highly variable, underscoring the need for standardization.</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1218-1220"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148760299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyposis in EGPA: A Real-Life Multidimensional Analysis Through Mepolizumab Dosing and Role of Adjunctive Endoscopic Sinus Surgery (ESS)","authors":"Bright Oworae Howardson,&nbsp;Giulia Danè,&nbsp;Luca Moroni,&nbsp;Marco Lanzillotta,&nbsp;Umberto Tanzini,&nbsp;Gabriele D. Gallina,&nbsp;Adriana Cariddi,&nbsp;Biancamaria Venerandi,&nbsp;Lorenzo Dagna,&nbsp;Leone Giordano,&nbsp;Apostolos Karligkiotis","doi":"10.1002/alr.70184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/alr.70184","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare necrotizing vasculitis involving upper- and lower-airways. Despite biologics, sinonasal disease often persists. Evidence on ENT trajectories under anti-IL5 treatment and role of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) remains limited and is often described without standardized assessment tools. This study provides a systematic, multidimensional evaluation of sinonasal outcomes under biologic therapy and analyzes the role of ESS in a real-life cohort.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We retrospectively analyzed 52 EGPA patients with a 24-month follow-up on mepolizumab. Sinonasal disease was assessed by Nasal Polyp Score (NPS), Lund–Kennedy Score (LKS), Lund–Mackay score (LMK), and SNOT-22, while systemic activity was assessed by Birmingham Vasculitis Activity Score (BVAS). Patients were stratified by mepolizumab regimen (100 mg, 300 mg, and <i>step-down</i>). Predictors of adjunctive ESS were explored through multivariate logistic regression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Systemic remission occurred in &gt;90% of patients, with marked eosinophil suppression (median 700 → 59.5 cells/µL) and BVAS = 0. Conversely, NPS and LKS remained stable [IQR]: (NPS 4 [3–5] → 4 [2–5]; LKS 6 [4–8] → 5 [2–7.75]. Polyps persisted in 64% and mucosal edema/discharge in 92% of population. Continuous 100 mg therapy showed the greatest endoscopic improvement. Higher baseline sinonasal burden, more extensive surgical history, and mepolizumab dose variation were associated with adjunctive ESS (28.8%), whereas BVAS and eosinophils showed no correlation with ENT severity.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Sinonasal disease may persist despite systemic remission, suggesting a partially independent inflammatory niche. Comprehensive assessment should combine systemic markers with dedicated ENT evaluation, while management may require integrated biologic–surgical strategies in chronic structural disease.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1142-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Real-World Outcomes of Endoscopic Sinus Surgery and Dupilumab in Severe Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps","authors":"Nirushan Narendran,&nbsp;Joseph Irish,&nbsp;Shireen Samargandy,&nbsp;Tara Carr,&nbsp;Christopher H. Le,&nbsp;Eugene H. Chang","doi":"10.1002/alr.70163","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70163","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a heterogeneous inflammatory disease treated with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) or targeted biologic therapy such as dupilumab. Prospective real-world data guiding treatment decisions remain limited.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We conducted a single-center, prospective, real-world observational cohort study of adults with severe CRSwNP treated with ESS or dupilumab following structured shared decision-making. All patients met EPOS diagnostic criteria and were followed for 12 months. Standardized assessments were performed at baseline and every 3 months, including disease-specific quality of life (SNOT-22), olfaction (UPSIT-40), nasal congestion score (NCS), and endoscopic nasal polyp score (NPS). CRS exacerbations were prospectively monitored using biweekly symptom surveys, with endoscopic culture obtained during exacerbations with mucopurulence. Longitudinal outcomes were analyzed using mixed-effects models, and bacterial exacerbation incidence was evaluated using regression and survival analyses.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Fifty adults completed 12-month follow-up (dupilumab, <i>n</i> = 20; ESS, <i>n </i>= 30). Both treatments resulted in significant improvements across patient-reported and objective outcomes, exceeding minimal clinically important differences. ESS was associated with more rapid early improvement, whereas dupilumab demonstrated more durable improvement in symptoms, olfaction, and nasal congestion. CRS exacerbations and culture-confirmed bacterial infections occurred less frequently in dupilumab-treated patients, with lower cumulative bacterial burden and longer infection-free survival. <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> was the most common pathogen and more frequent among ESS-treated patients. Bacterial infection was associated with persistently higher symptom burden and worse longitudinal outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ESS and dupilumab both provide meaningful benefit in severe CRSwNP, with distinct temporal response patterns. Reduced exacerbations and bacterial infections—particularly <i>S. aureus</i>—were associated with more favorable disease trajectories, underscoring the importance of infection control in individualized treatment selection.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1084-1093"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147698544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Power and Peril of TriNetX in Rhinology","authors":"Chase F. Moscovic,&nbsp;Alison J. Yu,&nbsp;Rodney J. Schlosser,&nbsp;Zachary M. Soler","doi":"10.1002/alr.70269","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70269","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TriNetX has quickly become one of the most popular research tools in rhinology. At the 2026 American Rhinologic Society spring meeting, more than one in ten abstracts used the platform, no doubt drawn by its huge sample sizes and built-in statistics. However, our concern is that many of these studies suffer from unrecognized biases and potentially misleading results. In this article, we tell the narrative of our experience using TriNetX, highlighting how easy it can be to produce incorrect results. Common biases that often arise with large databases are presented, as well as examples relevant to rhinology. We argue that researchers need to ensure that their team has expertise in subject matter, study design and potential biases, and the platform's logic and limitations.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1069-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148919611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intranasal Azelastine for Recurrent Acute Rhinosinusitis Prophylaxis: A Multicenter Retrospective Study","authors":"Akshay R. Prabhakar,&nbsp;Justina R. Varghese,&nbsp;William Marshall,&nbsp;Utkarsh Singh,&nbsp;Jake Hacker,&nbsp;Yixuan J. Zheng,&nbsp;Samuel E. Razmi,&nbsp;Ron L. Moses,&nbsp;Chadi A. Makary,&nbsp;Masayoshi Takashima,&nbsp;Omar G. Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/alr.70244","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70244","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Key Points</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <div>\u0000 <ul>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Self-controlled analysis: mean episodes reduced from 2.72 to 1.18 per year; 56.6% reduction.</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Treatment effect consistent across subgroups, from patients using intranasal corticosteroids (ICS) to those with concurrent chronicc rhinosinusitis (CRS).</li>\u0000 \u0000 <li>Findings support prospective randomized controlled trial evaluation of azelastine for recurrent acute rhinosinusitis (RARS).</li>\u0000 </ul>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1214-1217"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148759768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature-Controlled Radiofrequency for Severe Nasal Airway Obstruction: A Non-Inferiority Comparison With Surgical Intervention","authors":"Greg Davis,&nbsp;Zeeshan Aziz,&nbsp;Jose Barrera,&nbsp;William Blythe,&nbsp;Chris Davis,&nbsp;Steven Davis,&nbsp;Thomas Higgins,&nbsp;Charles Lano,&nbsp;Gregory Levitin,&nbsp;Frederick Lopatin,&nbsp;Samuel Oyer,&nbsp;Stacey Silvers,&nbsp;Ariel Waitzman,&nbsp;Randall Ow","doi":"10.1002/alr.70165","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70165","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Temperature-controlled radiofrequency (TCRF), septoplasty (ST) with turbinate reduction, and functional rhinoplasty (FR) are treatment options for nasal airway obstruction (NAO) and nasal valve dysfunction (NVD), but no direct comparison of these procedures has been performed.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This prospective, open-label, non-inferiority (NI) trial, conducted at 29 US sites, used a prespecified NI margin and inverse probability of treatment weighting to simulate randomization and facilitate an unbiased comparison of TCRF to ST and FR in adults with Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation scores ≥ 55 and NVD. NI was determined using a 15% difference in the 3-month responder rate (≥ 24-point NOSE score improvement) for TCRF compared to ST and FR. Additional analyses included return to work/regular activities (RTW) and adverse events (AEs).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 174 patients were treated (116 TCRF and 58 surgery [35 ST, 23 FR]). At 3 months, TCRF was non-inferior to surgery with a 90.5% responder rate compared to 94.3% for ST (mean difference: 0.04 [95% CI, −0.02 to 0.11]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and 95.7% for FR (mean difference: −0.12 [95% CI, −0.23 to 0]; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). TCRF median RTW was 1 day versus 5.5 and 7.5 days for ST and FR, respectively. TCRF had fewer AEs than surgery (6.9% TCRF patients vs. 19.0% for surgical arms combined).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>TCRF patient treatment response was non-inferior to ST and FR, with fewer AEs and faster RTW. These findings support TCRF as a minimally invasive alternative to nasal surgery for patients with NAO and NVD.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT06922955</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1073-1083"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alr.70165","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147673015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lost and Found: Is Olfactory Recovery More Promising After COVID-19 Than Other Causes, Even 2 Years Later?","authors":"John W. Hunsicker,&nbsp;Mabel Berg,&nbsp;Nicolaus Knight,&nbsp;Jessica W. Grayson,&nbsp;Bradford A. Woodworth,&nbsp;Justin H. Turner,&nbsp;Do-Yeon Cho","doi":"10.1002/alr.70182","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70182","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Olfactory dysfunction is a hallmark feature of COVID-19, yet the potential for recovery with long-standing COVID-19-related smell loss (CRSL) remains uncertain, particularly when treatment is initiated years later. This study evaluated olfactory outcomes in patients with CRSL compared with non-COVID-19-related smell loss (non-CRSL), with emphasis on delayed treatment initiation.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective cohort study included 104 patients evaluated at a tertiary clinic between January 2023 and February 2025, comprising 47 patients with CRSL and 57 with non-CRSL. All patients completed serial Sniffin’ Sticks testing (threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) at ≥2 visits. Minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was defined as a ≥5.5-point increase in TDI score. All patients received olfactory training combined with twice-daily steroid nasal irrigation. Subgroup analyses examined delayed treatment initiation (&gt;2 years), treatment adherence, and COVID-19 vaccination status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Baseline TDI scores were higher in the CRSL group than in the non-CRSL group (19.6 ± 6.3 vs. 16.8 ± 6.8; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). The CRSL group demonstrated significant improvement in TDI scores at follow-up (19.6 ± 6.3 to 23.9 ± 6.5; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), with 46% achieving MCID, whereas the non-CRSL group showed no significant change. Among CRSL patients initiating therapy &gt;2 years after onset (<i>n</i> = 36; mean 30.8 ± 5.5 months), 50% achieved MCID. Treatment adherence was strongly associated with improvement, whereas COVID-19 vaccination showed a favorable but attenuated association after adjustment.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Clinically meaningful olfactory recovery remains achievable with long-standing CRSL, even when treatment is initiated &gt;2 years after onset. Prospective studies are needed to clarify causal relationships given known spontaneous recovery in post-viral olfactory dysfunction.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":"16 10","pages":"1125-1132"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/alr.70182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147868408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on \"Clinical Longitudinal Evaluation After Regimen Stop (CLEAR) of Dupilumab in Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP)\".","authors":"Ercan Yılmaz, Nezihe Koker Özer","doi":"10.1002/alr.70277","DOIUrl":"10.1002/alr.70277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13716,"journal":{"name":"International Forum of Allergy & Rhinology","volume":" ","pages":"1240-1241"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149038215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}