Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Ambulance services for road traffic injury (RTI) victims in Bangladesh: a cross-sectional study on the ground realities and the way forward.","authors":"Zarin Tasnim, Samiun Nazrin Bente Kamal Tune, Bushra Zarin Islam, Nahitun Naher, Syed Masud Ahmed","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Swift and safe transport of road traffic injury patients for life-saving interventions requires a functioning ambulance system which is largely lacking in the low- and middle-income countries. This study explored the current situation of ambulance-based prehospital care services in Bangladesh to inform the development of an evidence-based national ambulance system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study conducted in five selected districts of Bangladesh, employing qualitative and quantitative approaches, elicited data on the 29 ambulances and the knowledge and skills of their operators. Findings were validated through 32 key informant interviews with relevant stakeholders on their experiences and insights towards developing a national ambulance system in the country.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the ambulances were 'makeshift ambulances' (converted microbus) and commonly lacked the necessary supplies and equipment, including a Global Positioning System tracker or location identifier system. Around 20 drivers had 10+years of work experience, but none were trained in first-aid. Some drivers developed a few life-saving skills like removing foreign bodies from the airway or immobilising fractured limbs, etc from work experiences. The public sector ambulances were mostly used for transporting referral patients and, quite frequently, for transporting staff. Public ambulances had government-determined fixed rates, whereas private ambulances did not. The responsible authority/operator for the public sector ambulances was ambiguous and not coordinated by any local/central authority.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 'ambulance' service in the country is rudimentary, fragmented and poorly resourced, lacking any central/regional level coordination. A recommendation is made to develop a national ambulance service, integrating public and private sectors and operating under a central/regional authority.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143691960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short note on economic connectedness, social connection and fatal injury.","authors":"Richard Stansfield","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045608","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To offer a brief assessment of the association between economic connectedness and violence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from Facebook's Social Connectedness Index (SCI), I assess the relationship between social connectivity and homicide and suicide rates, relative to other traditional structural estimates of violence. I further assess whether social connectivity mediates the relationship between economic disadvantages and violence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Economic connectedness is associated with county-level homicide and suicide rates and has the strongest connection with violence of any of the social connection measures examined. Traditional measures of economic disadvantage explained 57% of the county-level variation in economic connectedness. Economic connectedness in turn mediated a significant proportion of the association between economic disadvantages and both homicide and suicide. Including other control variables, higher economic connectedness was consistently associated with lower rates of violence, irrespective of county rurality, economic disadvantage or firearm availability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Violence researchers can incorporate a much-needed focus on social capital and cohesiveness into large-scale national studies using SCI data. Economic connectedness specifically may be a significant protective factor for violence, thus incorporating economic connectedness and social connection into violence research may provide support for new violence prevention efforts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exersaucers: a comprehensive review of their developmental and safety implications.","authors":"Shrayash Khare","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045620","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045620","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exersaucers, marketed as safe alternatives to mobile baby walkers, are stationary activity centres that allow infants to engage with toys in a confined space. Despite their widespread popularity, concerns have emerged regarding their impact on motor development, language acquisition and safety. This review provides a detailed analysis of peer-reviewed studies, examining the evidence for both the benefits and potential developmental risks associated with exersaucers. By addressing methodological gaps and integrating recommendations for caregivers, this article aims to inform the balanced use of exersaucers in infant care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of bicycle collisions and 'safety in numbers': a natural experiment using the local introduction of e-scooters in England.","authors":"Hannah B Edwards, Frank de Vocht, Russell Jago, Miranda Elaine Glynis Armstrong, Edward Carlton, Yoav Ben-Shlomo","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045569","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ecological studies hypothesise a 'safety in numbers' (SiN) effect whereby road safety for bicycles and other micromobility users improves as their numbers increase, due to behavioural changes of motorists. Causal interpretation of these studies is difficult due to confounding and reverse causation. The introduction of electric scooter (e-scooter) rental schemes in selected districts in England meant an increase in micromobility users in these areas, which presented an opportunity to test the SiN hypothesis using a natural experiment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Time-series analysis of police data on road collisions in local authorities (LAs) in Great Britain, 2015-2023. Random-effects Poisson regression time-series models compared collision rates in LA districts with an e-scooter trial (n=41) versus matched control districts (n=41). Primary outcomes were all road collisions and bicycle collisions. Models adjusted for time; seasonality; baseline collision rate; COVID-19 period; and preintervention/postintervention period (proxied by intervention group/COVID-19 period interaction).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The rate of bicycle collisions reduced following the introduction of the schemes, compared with control districts (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.78, 95% CI 0.68 to 0.89 during peak COVID-19; IRR 0.87, 95% CI 0.77 to 0.99 in the post-COVID-19 period). This effect was specific to bicycle collisions and strongest in the subgroup of serious/fatal collisions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that the increase of a new and sustainable mode of transport, e-scooters, may have reduced bicycle collisions. This could have far-reaching benefits including reduced injuries, safer environments, and public health and environmental benefits if more people choose bicycles and micromobility over car transport. Findings should be verified in further work.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Examining contextual differences in suicide by rural-urban designation and military status, 2009-2019: a cross-sectional analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System.","authors":"J Priyanka Vakkalanka, Eliezer Santos Leon, Jon Davis, Cameron Williams, Carri Casteel","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045430","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045430","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate differences in mental health and substance use circumstances by rurality and military affiliations among suicide decedents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multiyear (2009-2019) cross-sectional study of adult suicide decedents reported to the National Violent Death Reporting System. We classified suicide decedents into a four-level variable by geography (urban/rural) and military status and evaluated the prevalence of current and past alcohol and substance use problems, mental health problem recognition and mental illness treatment. We estimated prevalence ratios using multiple imputation chain equations to account for missing data and log-binomial regression models and present stratified estimates by military and rural classification.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>There was no significant relationship between rural-military classification and alcohol use problem. Compared with urban civilians, other groups had a lower risk identified of having a substance use problem: urban military (adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR): 0.65; 95% CI: 0.60 to 0.71), rural military (aPR: 0.57; 95% CI: 0.50 to 0.66) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.90 to 1.00). Recognition of a mental health problem was lower among both rural military (aPR: 0.88; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.96) and rural civilians (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.86 to 0.92). The likelihood of current mental treatment was lower in other groups (urban military (aPR: 0.93; 95% CI: 0.89 to 0.96); rural military (aPR: 0.87; 95% CI: 0.81 to 0.94); and rural civilian (aPR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.85 to 0.92)). There was no evidence of effect modification by military and rural classification for any outcome.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mental health outcomes by military affiliation and urbanicity/rurality may need to be independently assessed as social determinants of health.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"121-127"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development, dissemination and survey evaluation of layered education for healthcare professionals to support implementation of firearm injury and mortality prevention strategies in emergency care settings, New York, USA.","authors":"Laura K Harrison, Chethan Sathya, Monica Shekher-Kapoor, Stephen Butkus, Sandeep Kapoor","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045333","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is consensus on the need and ability to address firearm injury risk in healthcare settings; however, the lack of education for healthcare professionals hinders the implementation of evidence-based firearm injury and mortality prevention strategies. The objectives of this study are to develop, disseminate and evaluate education for team members to facilitate implementation in emergency departments METHOD: Two-tiered education was developed in partnership with stakeholders and disseminated to the healthcare team, covering evidence-based screening and interventions for firearm access and violence risk. The implementation, development and dissemination strategies followed the framework used for systemwide Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment implementation for substance use. Team members who screened patients for firearm injury risk received screening education and team members meeting with patients who screened positive received intervention education. Participants completed surveys to evaluate the education and learning objectives.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across three emergency departments from March 2021 to May 2022, 267 team members completed screening education. Key takeaways reported by 173 participants were how to screen (24.9%), the 5L's of Firearm Safety (19.7%) and the prevalence of firearm injury (11.0%). Participants still had questions about workflow, resources and safety. 34 of 67 (50.7%) intervention education participants completed the postsurvey. 100% were confident they could screen, 79% were confident they could provide brief interventions and 88% were confident their site could implement firearm injury prevention strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Tiered education for firearm injury prevention screening and intervention achieved learning objectives and facilitated programme implementation. Education increased knowledge and confidence regarding firearm injury risk screening and its importance in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"162-168"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11925684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Shaping global strategy, mobilising for local action: reflections from the World Conference on Drowning Prevention 2023.","authors":"Justin-Paul Scarr, William Koon, Amy E Peden","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045368","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045368","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drowning is a significant cause of preventable mortality and morbidity and has been described as a serious, preventable and neglected public health challenge. Amid building momentum for drowning prevention, most notably with recent United Nations and World Health Assembly Declarations, researchers, policymakers and practitioners convened at the World Conference on Drowning Prevention (WCDP) 2023 under the conference theme of 'shaping a global strategy - mobilizing for local action'. In this special feature, we reflect on the outcomes of the WCDP 2023. Throughout the work presented by more than 750 research, policy and technical experts from over 50 countries, five overarching themes emerged: (1) advancing further contextualisation and interventions, especially in Africa; (2) integrating drowning prevention into climate and disaster agendas; (3) addressing the threats and opportunities in migration; (4) positioning drowning prevention as an issue of social justice; and (5) expanding focus on implementation research. WCDP 2023 delegates co-designed a conference call to action comprising of 16 statements designed to further strengthen global efforts on drowning prevention between now and the WCDP 2025. These actions aim to encourage increased collaboration, create new knowledge, address inequities, amplify voices of those most affected and continue shared commitments to eliminate drowning.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"89-93"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using emergency department data to reduce late-night alcohol-related presentations in an Australian central business district.","authors":"Peter Miller, Nicholas Taylor, Diana Egerton-Warburton, Timothy Baker, Kate Kloot, Jonathan Shepherd, Hamed Akhlaghi","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045362","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The Cardiff Model for Violence Prevention is a data sharing approach aiming to reduce violence-related presentations to emergency departments (EDs). This model has not previously been tested with patients attending EDs in a major Australian urban setting, nor has the use of media reporting of results and letters to venues without a local violence prevention board been tested.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine this approach's effect on alcohol-associated presentation rates during high-alcohol hours (HAHs) in a major ED servicing the nightlife district in central Melbourne.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Between July 2017 and June 2020, this prospective study asked people aged≥18 years attending ED about their alcohol consumption and last drink location. From December 2018, quarterly letters were sent to the top five venues identified as the last drink location and press releases were sent to all media outlets.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>A significant gradual decrease in monthly injury attendance rates during HAH was observed (coefficient = -0.001, p= 0.017), however, no step change was found. Venue-level data highlighted a short-term drop in attributed events.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Sharing Last Drinks ED data via stand-alone media reporting and letters to venues was associated with a small but significant reduction in alcohol-related injury presentation rates. However, the impact waned as media stopped reporting findings. This study highlights the importance of including a violence prevention board.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The model continues to have promise for reducing alcohol-related harm, however, engagement from government agencies free from alcohol industry funding is important for long-term success.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"114-120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143468013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concussion history and knowledge among top-level youth karate athletes.","authors":"Dusana Cierna Augustovicova, Rafael Arriaza, Reidar P Lystad","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045524","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To examine concussion experiences and knowledge among top-level youth karate athletes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study collected data during the 12th World Karate Championships for cadets, juniors and under-21 athletes (held in Konya, Turkey, 2022). All 1414 registered athletes from 95 countries were invited to complete a 16-item paper-based questionnaire assessing demographic data, concussion history and concussion knowledge prior to the competing at the tournament. χ² and Fisher's exact tests were used to analyse differences by sex, age group and continental karate federation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 654 athletes (46.3% response rate), including 286 (43.7%) females and 368 (56.3%) males, participated in the study, with 29.9% reporting one or more concussions during participation in karate training or competition. Older age groups (under 21 years) reported significantly higher concussion rates than younger athletes (56.9% vs 31.1% juniors and 24.7% cadets; p<0.001). Concussion knowledge revealed considerable gaps, with only 24.5% of athletes correctly identifying a concussion and 68.9% believing loss of consciousness was required for a concussion diagnosis. Misconceptions varied significantly across geographical regions, with Asian and African athletes demonstrating the greatest need for targeted education. Female athletes demonstrated better concussion reporting attitudes than males (60.4% vs 48.9%, p=0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the prevalence of concussions and significant knowledge gaps among top-level youth karate athletes, emphasising the need for tailored educational interventions to improve concussion recognition and management within the karate community.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12015015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Road traffic safety for older adults: an emerging public health challenge in Thailand.","authors":"Rattiya Banju-Ngam, Masao Ichikawa, Ratrawee Pattanarattanamolee, Shinji Nakahara","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045241","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045241","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Road safety for older adults should receive more attention in low-income and middle-income countries with rapidly ageing populations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using injury surveillance data from Khon Kaen Regional Hospital in northeastern Thailand, we calculated the proportion of older adults in the total number of patients who were fatally and non-fatally injured in road traffic crashes in each year from 2001 to 2020 and the proportion of road user type in the fatal and non-fatal patients by age groups for the entire study period to examine the extent to which older adults were involved in the crashes and with what mode of transportation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During the 20-year period, there were 5046 fatal and 180 353 non-fatal patients of whom 509 (10%) and 6087 (3%) were aged 65 years or older, respectively. From 2001 to 2020, this proportion increased from 3% to 20% among the fatal patients and from 1% to 6% among the non-fatal patients. Of the fatal and non-fatal patients aged 65 years or older, 50% and 54% were involved in road traffic crashes while driving motorcycles and 28% and 22% while riding bicycles or walking, respectively. Compared with patients aged 65-74 years, those aged 75 years or older tended to be bicyclists or pedestrians in the crashes, though as high as 40% of them were motorcycle drivers.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Older adults are increasingly injured in road traffic crashes as vulnerable road users in Thailand. Therefore, road safety efforts should consider their presence on the road.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"158-161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142107058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}