Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Attitudes toward physician-provided gun safety counselling among current and prospective gun owners in the USA.","authors":"Tara D Warner","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045361","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Americans increasingly perceive that homes with guns are safer than those without, and physician counselling about in-home firearm safety and injury risks occurs infrequently, despite encouragement from major medical organisations (eg, American Medical Association, American Academy of Pediatrics). Safety counselling that does occur may be limited to gun owners at high risk of injury; however, given the increasing rates of first-time gun ownership in the USA, understanding attitudes toward firearms and firearm safety messaging among persons who may become firearm owners is needed to inform and support continued injury prevention efforts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survey data from a cross-section of firearm owners (n=396) and non-owners (n=551) collected in February 2023 was used to examine differences in perceptions about the safety of firearm households, openness toward firearm safety counselling and comfort with law enforcement compared with physician firearm safety discussions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Over three-quarters of current and possible future gun owners agreed that firearms make homes safer, compared with just over one-third of non-owners. All three groups favoured law enforcement over physicians for firearm safety messengers and were more comfortable speaking with law enforcement than physicians about firearm safety.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusion: </strong>Public health and injury prevention safety counselling that combines messaging from law enforcement and medical perspectives may be similarly accessible for both current firearm owners and those considering owning firearms in the future.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social isolation and firearm secure storage in the USA: results from the 2022 BRFSS.","authors":"Alexander Testa, Daniel Semenza, Dylan B Jackson, Karyn Fu, Sandra McKay, Kyle T Ganson, Jason M Nagata, Jack Tsai","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045468","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firearm secure storage (ie, storing firearms unloaded and locked) is recommended to reduce unintentional injuries and suicides. However, the relationship between psychological states, such as social isolation, and firearm secure storage practices is under-researched.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from 7136 individuals with firearms in their households from the 2022 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Multinomial logistic regression was used to explore the relationship between social isolation and firearm storage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among respondents, 71.6% reported storing firearms unloaded, 14.2% stored firearms loaded and locked and 14.2% stored firearms loaded and unlocked. Most respondents reported feeling 'never' (40.7%) or 'rarely' (33.3%) socially isolated, with 18.7% reporting 'sometimes', 4.3% 'usually' and 3.0% 'always' feeling socially isolated. Covariate-adjusted multinomial logistic regression analysis revealed that respondents who felt 'always' socially isolated had an over threefold greater risk of storing firearms loaded and unlocked (relative risk ratio=3.733, 95% CI 1.443 to 9.662, p=0.007) compared with unloaded.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Results suggest a link between feelings of social isolation and unsecured firearm storage. Public health strategies should address both firearm safety education and the underlying issue of social isolation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Supporting injury control activities in violence-afflicted countries: one wedding and four funerals?","authors":"Louis-Rachid Salmi","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045441","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045441","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":"30 6","pages":"441"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community emergency medical services approaches to fall prevention: a systematic review.","authors":"Tynan H Friend, Hannah M Thomas, Alexander J Ordoobadi, Paul A Bain, Molly P Jarman","doi":"10.1136/ip-2023-045110","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2023-045110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among older adults in the USA. Current approaches to fall prevention often rely on referral by primary care providers or enrolment during inpatient admissions. Community emergency medical services (CEMS) present a unique opportunity to rapidly identify older adults at risk for falls and provide fall prevention interventions in the home. In this systematic review, we seek to assess the efficacy and qualitative factors determining success of these programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Studies reporting the outcomes of fall prevention interventions delivered by EMS were identified by searching the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection, CINAHL and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through 11 July 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>35 studies including randomised and non-randomised experimental trials, systematic reviews and qualitative research primarily from Western Europe, the USA, Australia and Canada were included in our analysis. Current fall prevention efforts focus heavily on postfall referral of at-risk community members. CEMS fall prevention interventions reduced all-cause and fall-related emergency department encounters, subsequent falls and EMS calls for lift assist. These interventions also improved patient health-related quality of life, independence with activities of daily living, and secondary health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CEMS programmes provide an opportunity for direct, proactive fall prevention on the individual level. Addressing barriers to implementation in the context of current emergency medical systems in the USA is the next step toward widespread implementation of these novel fall prevention interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"446-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11581924/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141748060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing injury prevention programmes for ladies Gaelic football: a Delphi study.","authors":"John Corrigan, Sinéad O'Keeffe, Enda Whyte, Siobhán O'Connor","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High injury rates are evident in the community sport of ladies Gaelic football, and the costs associated with these injuries have major implications for players and the governing body. Injury prevention programmes have been designed but are not being widely adopted. This study aimed to elicit the expert opinion of academics and practitioners on the content and format of injury prevention programmes for ladies Gaelic football.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-four experts from the areas of coaching science, injury prevention, athletic therapy and physiotherapy took part in this three-round Delphi study. Each round contained multiple-choice, Likert scale and open-ended questions. For each question, consensus was defined as 67% or greater agreement among experts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The experts agreed that 17 components (eg, agility, balance) should be included in injury prevention programmes for ladies Gaelic football, with 12 considered vital for inclusion in most or every session. Programmes should require minimal/no equipment, be 10-15 min in duration and contain 3-4 versions of each exercise for progression and variation purposes. Experts recommended when certain components should be completed but generally agreed that programmes should be capable of being delivered throughout sessions. There was consensus among experts for 13 items (eg, pictures, exercise volume) to be included in full versions of programmes and six in condensed versions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The outcomes of this study provide the foundation for the development of future injury prevention programmes for ladies Gaelic football. Combining these findings with the preferences of end-users throughout programme development may enhance the efficacy of future injury prevention programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142681542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Provision of basic swimming and water safety skills in low-resource environments: barriers and facilitators of use of WHO practical guidance.","authors":"Thomas Mecrow, Jill Fortuin Abrahams, Muhammad Said, Shayne Baker, James Bonney, Aminur Rahman, Amy E Peden","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045300","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045300","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>WHO guidance supports implementation of drowning prevention interventions. This study aimed to examine barriers and facilitators of use of WHO guidance on basic swimming and water safety skills in low-resource settings, gathering insights inform codesign of technical resources.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mixed methods were used comprising WHO guidance gap analysis, participant surveys and thematic analysis of workshop discussions (17 participants and 13 countries). WHO document analysis and analysis of pre-workshop survey responses were combined to identify topic areas where additional guidance was required. Inductive thematic analysis of workshop discussions spanned current practice, challenges and opportunities. Postworkshop anonymous evaluation forms were also analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four topic areas were identified that required additional technical guidance to support implementation: Site Safety Auditing; Medical Screening of Participants; Informed Consent and Emergency Action Planning. Barriers broadly spanned a lack of trained personnel and equipment as well as a lack of community understanding and varying support from external agencies. Opportunities identified included partnering with local organisations with specific expertise (ie, medical, emergency planning), improving programme administration and challenging traditional community practices (ie, informed consent, superstitions). Participants agreed the workshop would lead to changes in practice, however this remains to be confirmed.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Additional technical resources to address gaps and support implementation were suggested and should now be developed, implemented and evaluated.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified additional technical resources and the development of a community of practice to support effective teaching of school age children swimming and water safety skills in low-resource settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142604377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'I just don't want them to be my patient again': an exploratory mixed-methods study examining provider home safety concerns for adolescents with acquired brain injuries in the US Midwest.","authors":"Sarah E Anderson, Sarah Schroedle, Taylor Stamper, Jennifer P Lundine, Emily S Patterson, Carmen P DiGiovine, Scott Swearingen, Lauren R Wengerd, Amy R Darragh","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045326","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Adolescents with acquired brain injuries are at risk for additional injuries after hospital discharge. We asked healthcare providers to identify and prioritise urgent hazards in the home setting for this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a convergent mixed methods approach. Healthcare providers who do discharge planning and community re-integration for adolescent patients with brain injury were recruited from hospitals in the US Midwest. Participants completed two structured surveys, semi-structured interviews and a Hazard Prioritisation Matrix Activity. We analysed quantitative data via descriptive statistics and qualitative data via inductive thematic analysis to identify hazards, urgency, interactive themes and generate a conceptual model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All participants validated four preidentified hazards in the surveys and the interviews: slippery objects on the floor, large furniture/objects in the path of travel, unattended open flames and inappropriate use of cooking appliances. 59 hazards were self-identified during the Hazard Priority Matrix Activity and assigned an urgency rating, with 12 (20.3%) urgent, 20 (33.9%) major, 19 (32.2%) moderate and 8 (13.6%) minor risks. We identified seven interactive themes about hazard factors: hazardous activities, hazardous situations, hazardous objects, hazardous others, hazardous spaces, harms and client factors. A conceptual model for home safety concerns links hazards, risks and harms.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Adolescents with acquired brain injuries need healthcare providers to recognise unique and complex hazards in their homes that could lead to harm. Mitigating home hazards may prevent additional unintentional injury for these adolescents. More research is needed to generalise this information for this population across clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT04768946.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing road traffic injuries by types of road users among children and adolescents in South Korea, 2011-2021.","authors":"Je Sun Yeon, So Yeon Kong, Byung Woo Kim, Dong-Min Shin, Sung Hun Moon, Sung Man Jeon, Gwan Jin Park, Hyun Seok Chai, Young Min Kim, Sang Chul Kim","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and identify factors associated with severe RTIs based on types of road users among children and adolescents with RTIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective multicentre observational study was conducted using the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in South Korea. A total of 78 021 participants younger than 19 years who presented with RTIs to the participating emergency departments from 2011 to 2021 were classified into four groups: passengers, pedestrians, motorcyclists and bicyclists. Demographic and injury-related factors were analysed using a multivariate logistic regression model to determine associations with severe RTIs, as indicated by the Excess Mortality Ratio-based Injury Severity Score of ≥16. The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and severe RTIs among road users was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Head injuries were most prevalent in passengers (55.3%), motorcyclists (46.7%) and bicyclists (50.1%). Motorcyclists exhibited the highest proportion of TBI (8.3%), total admissions (28.8%), ICU admissions (8.2%), severe RTIs (41.0%) and mortality (2.0%). Safety devices significantly reduced severe RTIs in passengers and motorcyclists (adjusted OR (95% CI) 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) and 0.69 (0.62 to 0.76), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distinct clinical characteristics and factors associated with severe RTIs among different road user types in children and adolescents highlight the need for targeted interventions. Tailoring strategies to the specific requirements of each group is essential for effectively mitigating the occurrence of severe RTIs in this vulnerable demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Honor ideology and private firearm ownership in US active-duty soldiers.","authors":"Raymond Tucker, Jarrod E Bock, Jessica L Gerner, Evan A Albury, Jeffery Osgood, Samantha E Daruwala, Melanie L Bozzay, Michael N Dretsch, Benjamin Trachik, Michael Anestis, Craig J Bryan","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated whether honor ideology, or a belief that one's reputation must be defended at all costs, is related to firearms ownership in soldiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N=301 active-duty soldiers completed online self-report measures in this cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Honor ideology was higher in soldiers who privately own a firearm compared with those who do not currently own and do not plan to after military separation. Higher honor ideology was correlated with a disbelief that private firearms ownership is related to soldier suicide risk. Levels of honor ideology were equal in soldiers who own a private firearm for protection versus other reasons (eg, hunting, maintaining a collection).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Honor ideology may be related to suicide risk through increased likelihood of owning a private firearm and disbelief in private firearm ownership being related to one's own suicide risk in soldiers. Honor ideology could be relevant to consider when means safety initiatives are developed for active-duty military personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"System-level interventions for fall risk assessment, fall prevention and fall injury prevention in long-term care facilities: a scoping review.","authors":"Dahee Wi, Andrew Ustach, Wonkyung Jung, Sungwon Lim, Hilaire J Thompson","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1136/ip-2024-045386","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Older adults living in long-term care facilities (LTCFs) are at high risk for falls. Interventions to prevent falls and fall-related injury in this population may be individual-level or system-focused interventions. However, relatively little attention has been given to research on system-focused interventions. This scoping review seeks to synthesise previous studies on the effects of system-focused interventions for fall prevention in LTCFs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched Ovid-Medline, CINAHL and Embase databases from 2007 to 2024 following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for Scoping Reviews. We conducted a narrative synthesis to summarise findings from the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the initial search, 403 studies were identified and underwent title and abstract screening resulting in 116 articles retrieved for full-text review. 20 studies were included in the final data extraction. System-level fall prevention interventions evaluated in LTCFs include (1) multicomponent and multidisciplinary programmes, (2) environmental adaptations, (3) technological adaptations, and (4) staff education and training programmes. 11 out of 17 included quantitative studies reported significant effects of system-focused interventions to reduce falls in LTCFs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review reveals the effectiveness of system-level fall prevention strategies in LTCFs. Enhancing training, customising tools and fostering a supportive leadership culture are vital for improving fall prevention practices in LTCFs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}