Injury Prevention最新文献

{"title":"Population-level effects on crime of recovering firearms from armed prohibited persons: intention-to-treat analysis of a pragmatic cluster-randomised trial in California cities.","authors":"Garen J Wintemute, Daniel Tancredi, Veronica A Pear, Yueju Li, Christopher D McCort, Glenn Pierce, Anthony A Braga, Mona A Wright, Hannah Laqueur, Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz, David Studdert, Laurel Beckett","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045234","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045234","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Too little is known about the effectiveness of efforts to prevent firearm violence. We evaluated California's Armed and Prohibited Persons System (APPS), which identifies legal purchasers of firearms who have become prohibited persons and seeks to recover all firearms and ammunition to which they have access.</p><p><strong>Design and methods: </strong>This cluster-randomised pragmatic trial was made possible by APPS's expansion from a small pilot to a continuing statewide programme. We included 363 California cities, allocated to early (n=187) or later (n=176) intervention in blocks stratified by region within the state, and within region by population and violent crime rate. The study period began 1 February 2015; region-specific end dates ranged from 1 May 2015 to 1 February 2016. Analysis was on an intention-to-treat, difference-in-difference basis using generalised linear mixed models and generalised estimating equations with robust SEs. The population-level primary outcome measures were monthly city-level counts of firearm-related homicides, robberies and aggravated assaults. The primary model was adjusted for stratification variables; city-level population, population density, socioeconomic status and firearm purchasing; year; and month.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Allocation groups were well balanced on baseline characteristics and implementation measures. In adjusted models, allocation to early intervention was not associated with statistically significant differences in any primary outcome measure; these findings were robust to multiple sensitivity analyses. There was some heterogeneity across regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The APPS intervention directly affects a very small percentage of the population, limiting its potential for population-level effects. Individual-level analyses may provide a better estimate of the intervention's effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Trial registration number: </strong>NCT02318732.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"391-399"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13217061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated with a history of acute traumatic cycling injuries in 60 941 cycling race entrants in South Africa: SAFER study XLII.","authors":"Bertus Jansen van Rensburg, Martin Schwellnus, Darren Green, Audrey Jansen van Rensburg, Esme Jordaan, Sonja Swanevelder, Nicola Ann Sewry","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045378","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045378","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Information on acute traumatic cycling injuries (ATCIs) in the 12 months prior to entry in a cycling race and the predisposing factors have not been well-researched.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Determine factors associated with a history of ATCIs sustained in the previous 12 months by race entrants of a 109 km cycling race.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Descriptive, cross-sectional study on 60 941 Cape Town Cycle Tour race entrants from 2016 to 2020. Data on a history of ATCIs sustained in the previous 12 months were obtained through an online pre-race medical screening questionnaire (mandatory in 2016, and voluntary in 2017-2020). Factors investigated were demographics, cycling/training history and history of chronic disease, collapse, cramping, allergies and regular chronic prescription medication usage. We calculated the prevalence ratio (PR) for reporting a history of an ATCI in the previous 12 months for each category (multiple regression model).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factors associated with an increased PR for a history of ATCIs gathered from race entrants (34% of the total entrants) were: increased years of participation in distance cycling events >2 hours (PR=1.05 per 5 years of distance cycling, p<0.0001), increased weekly average training/racing distance of a cyclist in the past 12 months (PR=1.11 per 50 km increase in weekly cycling). Other factors were: increased number of chronic diseases reported (PR=1.53, per two additional chronic diseases reported, p<0.0001), history of collapse (PR=1.75, p=0.0005), history of cramping (PR=1.65, p<0.0001) and history of allergies (PR=1.49, p<0.0001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Subgroups of recreational cyclists at higher risk for ATCIs were identified. This information could assist in developing and implementing future strategies to mitigate ATCIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"400-407"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Burden of Disease disability weights for the US National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program.","authors":"Madeline E Moberg, Jaimie D Steinmetz, Kanyin Liane Ong, Hailey Lenox, Ted R Miller, Cora Peterson","doi":"10.1136/ip-2025-045705","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2025-045705","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Measuring the impact of non-fatal injuries and violence is essential for informed public health policy-making and communications. This study aimed to generate new health-related quality of life data for a prominent US non-fatal injury surveillance source using disability weights derived from general population survey estimates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Disability weights reflecting severity as measured on a 0 (no disability) to 1 (death) scale, for 47 natures of injury from the Global Burden of Diseases, Risk Factors and Injuries Study (GBD) were mapped to 492 injury types in the US National Electronic Injury Surveillance System - All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP). The matching of GBD natures of injury to NEISS-AIP injury types was based on the underlying definitions for each injury diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average disability value weighted by incidence for all NEISS-AIP types was 0.073 (95% uncertainty interval: 0.050-0.097), and the range by injured body part and diagnosis was 0.006-0.408. Injuries that impacted large or critical body parts (lower trunk, upper trunk, head and neck) had the highest disability weights. Internal injuries, crushing, burns, nerve damage and fractures had higher disability weight values than lacerations, avulsions and contusions. The three most common NEISS-AIP non-fatal injury types during 2015-2020 were poisoning, internal injuries of the head and face lacerations, with disability weights of 0.163 (0.109-0.227), 0.168 (0.112-0.232) and 0.018 (0.010-0.029), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Mapping of publicly available disability weights data to a prominent non-fatal injury surveillance source can improve opportunities to measure and communicate the health and economic impact of injuries and violence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"519-524"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12278993/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144274754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Honor ideology and private firearm ownership in US active-duty soldiers.","authors":"Raymond Tucker, Jarrod E Bock, Jessica L Gerner, Evan A Albury, Jeffery Osgood, Samantha E Daruwala, Melanie L Bozzay, Michael N Dretsch, Benjamin Trachik, Michael Anestis, Craig J Bryan","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045256","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study investigated whether honor ideology, or a belief that one's reputation must be defended at all costs, is related to firearms ownership in soldiers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>N=301 active-duty soldiers completed online self-report measures in this cross-sectional study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Honor ideology was higher in soldiers who privately own a firearm compared with those who do not currently own and do not plan to after military separation. Higher honor ideology was correlated with a disbelief that private firearms ownership is related to soldier suicide risk. Levels of honor ideology were equal in soldiers who own a private firearm for protection versus other reasons (eg, hunting, maintaining a collection).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Honor ideology may be related to suicide risk through increased likelihood of owning a private firearm and disbelief in private firearm ownership being related to one's own suicide risk in soldiers. Honor ideology could be relevant to consider when means safety initiatives are developed for active-duty military personnel.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"438-443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of the pandemic on traffic injuries in Macao: an analysis of interrupted time-series data.","authors":"Mingming Liang, Yun Zhang, Pengpeng Ye, Yanni Li","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045242","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>With social restrictions serving as a mitigating factor against the severe consequences of public health emergencies, this study investigates the impact of episodic travel restrictions on road traffic injuries (TIs) in Macao during the pandemic, employing Interrupted Time Series Analysis (ITSA) models.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used ITSA models, including Bayesian Structured Time Series and Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models, to assess traffic outcomes, particularly focusing on total road traffic crashes (RTCs) and TIs. Predictive models were developed for traffic fatalities, fatal RTCs, RTCs involving injuries and vehicles sustaining damage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2014 to 2020, Macao recorded a total of 99 541 RTCs. Over the study period, there were 32 562 reported injuries. After the outbreak of the epidemic, traffic volume decreased by 53.03%, leading to a 25.54% reduction in RTCs. The severity of crashes also declined, with TIs decreasing by 20.35% compared with the same period in 2019, and fatalities and damaged vehicles decreasing by 37.50% and 26.62%, respectively. Analysis of the interrupted time-series data revealed that the actual number of RTCs after COVID-19 in 2020 was 20% (95% CI: 14% to 26%) lower than expected, and TIs were reduced by 11% (95% CI: 3% to 19%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that the implementation of episodic travel restrictions significantly reduced TIs and crashes in Macao, providing crucial insights for traffic management and resource allocation during pandemics. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamic relationship between travel restrictions and road traffic outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"474-480"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144015025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fentanyl-xylazine overdose deaths in the USA, 2018-2023.","authors":"David T Zhu, Manuel Cano","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045596","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Xylazine, a veterinary sedative and analgesic, has emerged as a novel adulterant in the US illicit drug supply, frequently co-occurring with fentanyl. This study examines trends in fentanyl-xylazine overdose death rates from 2018 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This serial cross-sectional study examined death certificates from the CDC WONDER database to identify International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes for overdose deaths likely coinvolving fentanyl (T40.4) and xylazine (T42.7 or T46.5). Crude mortality rates per 100 000 were calculated overall and by sex, race/ethnicity, US Census Divisions and state to examine demographic and geographical trends.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fentanyl-xylazine deaths increased from 99 in 2018 to 6020 in 2023. Crude mortality rates rose from 0.03 (95% CI 0.02 to 0.04) to 1.80 (95% CI 1.75 to 1.84) per 100 000. In 2023, rates were higher among males than females (2.63 (95% CI 2.55 to 2.71) vs 0.99 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.03) per 100 000), and higher among black than white individuals (3.21 (95% CI 3.04 to 3.38) vs 1.86 (95% CI 1.80 to 1.92) per 100 000). The Middle Atlantic and New England Census Divisions had the highest regional rates at 5.72 (95% CI 5.49 to 5.95) and 4.32 (95% CI 3.99 to 4.65) per 100 000, respectively.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>The sharp increase in fentanyl-xylazine deaths, particularly among black individuals, highlights both the growing infiltration of xylazine into the illicit drug supply and persistent structural disparities in addiction treatment. Addressing this escalating epidemic requires routine toxicological testing for xylazine and expanded access to trauma-informed care, harm reduction services and interventions such as naloxone, opioid agonist therapies and wound care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"490-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143772263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between state minimum wage and firearm suicides in the USA, 2000-2020.","authors":"Molly Merrill-Francis, Christopher Dunphy, Natalie Lennon, May S Chen, Catherine Grady, Gabrielle F Miller, Candace Girod, Alexander Duncan McCourt","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045266","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045266","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Firearm suicides constitute a major public health issue. Policies that enhance economic security and decrease community-level poverty may be effective strategies for reducing risk of firearm suicide. This study examined the association between state minimum wage and firearm suicide.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>State minimum wage, obtained from Temple's Law Atlas and augmented by legal research, was conceptualised using the modified Kaitz Index and a continuous variable centred on the federal minimum wage. State-level suicide counts were obtained from 2000 to 2020 multiple-cause-of-death mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System. Log-linear regressions were conducted to model the associations between state minimum wage and firearm suicides, stratifying by demographic groups. Analyses were conducted in 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A one percentage point increase in a state's modified Kaitz Index was associated with a 0.3% (95% CI -0.6% to -0.0%) decrease in firearm suicides within a state. A US$1.00 increase in a state's minimum wage above the federal minimum wage was associated with a 1.4% (95% CI -2.1% to -0.6%) decrease in firearm suicides. When stratified by quartile of firearm ownership, the modified Kaitz Index was associated with decreases in firearm suicides most consistently in the two lowest quartiles.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Increasing a state's minimum wage may be a policy option to consider as part of a comprehensive approach to reducing firearm suicides. These findings expand the evidence base for how economic policies may be leveraged to reduce firearm suicides.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"384-390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11873172/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142125656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing road traffic injuries by types of road users among children and adolescents in South Korea, 2011-2021.","authors":"Je Sun Yeon, So Yeon Kong, Byung Woo Kim, Dong-Min Shin, Sung Hun Moon, Sung Man Jeon, Gwan Jin Park, Hyun Seok Chai, Young Min Kim, Sang Chul Kim","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045243","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Road traffic injuries (RTIs) are the leading cause of mortality among children and adolescents. This study aimed to compare clinical characteristics and identify factors associated with severe RTIs based on types of road users among children and adolescents with RTIs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective multicentre observational study was conducted using the Emergency Department-based Injury In-depth Surveillance registry in South Korea. A total of 78 021 participants younger than 19 years who presented with RTIs to the participating emergency departments from 2011 to 2021 were classified into four groups: passengers, pedestrians, motorcyclists and bicyclists. Demographic and injury-related factors were analysed using a multivariate logistic regression model to determine associations with severe RTIs, as indicated by the Excess Mortality Ratio-based Injury Severity Score of ≥16. The prevalence of traumatic brain injury (TBI), hospitalisations, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and severe RTIs among road users was compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Head injuries were most prevalent in passengers (55.3%), motorcyclists (46.7%) and bicyclists (50.1%). Motorcyclists exhibited the highest proportion of TBI (8.3%), total admissions (28.8%), ICU admissions (8.2%), severe RTIs (41.0%) and mortality (2.0%). Safety devices significantly reduced severe RTIs in passengers and motorcyclists (adjusted OR (95% CI) 0.77 (0.70 to 0.85) and 0.69 (0.62 to 0.76), respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The distinct clinical characteristics and factors associated with severe RTIs among different road user types in children and adolescents highlight the need for targeted interventions. Tailoring strategies to the specific requirements of each group is essential for effectively mitigating the occurrence of severe RTIs in this vulnerable demographic.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"444-451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Case-control study of fatal bicycle crashes in peri-urban areas of Delhi.","authors":"Rasagna Paturi, Srishti Agrawal, Sumit Bilam, Kavi Bhalla, Rahul Goel","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045262","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045262","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is a lack of evidence on interventions to improve the safety of cycling use in low- and middle-income countries. We investigated the impact of road design and traffic characteristics on the fatality risk of bicyclists.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Our study population is the road sites in the peri-urban areas of New Delhi, India. We used a retrospective, population-based case-control study design. We identified 50 case sites (road locations) where a fatal cycle crash had occurred over a 3-year period. For control sites, we intercepted and interviewed three cyclists at each case site, mapped their route to the crash location using Google Maps and selected one random location on each of those routes as controls. We recorded traffic and road design characteristics at the case and control sites. We used a logistic regression model to estimate ORs of site characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found a strong effect of the presence of U-turns on the likelihood of a bicycle fatality, with an OR of 4.4 (95% CI 1.8, 11.5). This effect is robust against multiple sensitivity analyses. We found that the volume of cars is associated with an increased likelihood and that of motorcycles with a reduced likelihood of bicycle fatalities.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that the presence of U-turns is a strong risk factor for bicycle fatalities in Delhi. Given the strong evidence of their impact on the safety of bicyclists, their construction should be discontinued in zones of high bicycle presence.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"424-431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142499767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disparities in educational attainment and assault mortalities among Asian Americans in the USA, 2009-2021.","authors":"Bradley Kawano, Gi Jung Shin, Braylee Grisel, Suresh Agarwal, Vijay Krishnamoorthy, Karthik Raghunathan, Joseph S Fernandez-Moure, Krista Haines","doi":"10.1136/ip-2024-045564","DOIUrl":"10.1136/ip-2024-045564","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In 2021, a spike in Asian American hate crimes resurged discussion on Asian health disparities. This study describes the association between education and assault among Asian Americans and their subgroups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study used individual-level data from the mortality multiple cause-of-death data from the National Center for Health Statistics from 2009 to 2021. Non-Hispanic Asians or Pacific Islanders age>25 years who died from assault (X85-Y09) were disaggregated into Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Indian, Korean and Vietnamese. The gross proportion of decedents who attained at least bachelor's degrees was calculated for Asians or Pacific Islanders and each subgroup and compared with data from the National Center for Education Statistics reported in 2016.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on US Census estimates in 2016, 55% Chinese, 52% Japanese, 50% Filipino, 56% Korean, 75% Indian and 29% Vietnamese>25 years held at least bachelor's degrees. Between 2009 and 2021, there were 3495 assault mortalities involving Asians or Pacific Islanders, 22.3% of whom had at least attained bachelor's degrees. On disaggregating the data, 35.6% Chinese, 27.7% Japanese, 33.2% Filipino, 43.0% Indian, 36.3% Korean and 15% Vietnamese decedents attained at least a bachelor's degree.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher educational attainment is correlated with fewer assault deaths across all Asians. Variation in the proportion of Indian and Vietnamese victims with at least bachelor's degrees may be explained by significantly different rates of bachelor's degrees. However, the variation in proportion of Chinese, Japanese, Filipino and Korean victims with at least bachelor's degrees requires further investigation into underlying factors that contribute to assault disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13682,"journal":{"name":"Injury Prevention","volume":" ","pages":"481-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}