International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Aberrant Inflammatory Cells of Peripheral Blood in Nasal Inverted Papilloma.","authors":"Shu-Cai Fu, Yong-Hao Wei, Dan Liu, Jin-Jin Yuan, Jian-Qi Yi, Xiao-Xun Hu, Jin You, Zhi-Qun Huang, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1159/000545154","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nasal inverted papilloma (NIP) is a common nasal benign tumor, with a complex pathogenesis closely linked to inflammatory response. It can be classified into Grade-I and Grade-II phenotypes based on nasal epithelium abnormality. Our objective is to investigate potential inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood of NIP patients for preoperative assessment of disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood of 63 healthy controls and 82 NIP patients, while distinguishing different phenotypes of NIP through immunofluorescent and hematoxylin and eosin staining. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, we assessed the predictive value of the monocytes%-to-lymphocytes% ratio (M%L%R) for peripheral blood abnormalities in NIP and explored its correlation with clinical data by Spearman r characteristic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed an increase in monocytes% and decrease in lymphocytes% proportion, while the level of M%L%R was upregulated in the peripheral blood of NIP patients (all p < 0.05). Immunofluorescent staining revealed basal cell proliferation and squamous metaplasia, along with inhibited differentiation of ciliated and goblet cells in the nasal epithelium of NIP. Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between M%L%R and degree of nasal epithelial deterioration (r = 0.2999, p = 0.0062). Finally, M%L%R level was significantly increased in both Grade-I and Grade-II patients (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression level of M%L%R in the peripheral blood of patients with NIP can serve as a potential biomarker for preoperative evaluation of the severity of nasal epithelial lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Cow's Milk Challenge Outcomes in Children: Multivariate Analysis of Clinical Predictors.","authors":"Luca Delli Colli, Joshua Yu, Derek Lanoue, Adhora Mir, Casey G Cohen, Diana Toscano-Rivero, Justin Sacksner, Bruce Mazer, Christine McCusker, Danbing Ke, Vera Laboccetta, Duncan Lejtenyi, Liane Beaudette, Edmond S Chan, Ingrid Baerg, Julia Upton, Eyal Grunebaum, Philippe Bégin, Ann E Clarke, Aaron Jones, Moshe Ben-Shoshan","doi":"10.1159/000545027","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral food challenges are the gold standard for diagnosis and reactivity thresholds but are resource intensive and high risk for reactions. Limited data on factors associated with increased risk of positive oral food challenges exist. We aimed to assess factors associated with positive oral food challenges and create a model to predict cow milk oral food challenge outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 5-18 being considered for cow's milk oral immunotherapy underwent a single-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge to cow's milk, with either positive (reaction) or negative (tolerance) outcomes. Initial factors recorded included sex, age, history of asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis, prior epinephrine use for cow's milk-induced reactions, skin prick test size, serum levels of immunoglobulin E antibodies to α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and casein, and log-transformed values. Stepwise backward multivariate Firth bias-reduced logistic regression was used to create the final model, and performance was assessed with receiver operator characteristic curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 111 children underwent an oral food challenge, 103 patients reacted, and 8 tolerated the challenge. Univariate analysis showed skin prick test size, previous epinephrine use, history of asthma, and log-transformed α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and casein were significantly associated with positive oral food challenge. The multivariate model included two factors: log-transformed casein (aOR 2.4; 95% CI: 1.4-5.9; p < 0.001) and previous epinephrine use (aOR 6.5; 95% CI: 1.2-68.0; p = 0.03). The final model showed good discriminatory performance (AUC 0.928; 95% CI: 0.83-0.98). In comparison, a univariate model using only the skin prick test (OR 1.44, 95% CI: 1.1-2.0; p = 0.002) had worse discriminatory performance (AUC 0.83; 95% CI: 0.64-0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that logistic multivariate models, including log-transformed casein and previous epinephrine use, may help predict oral food challenge outcomes in pediatric patients. Future studies are needed to validate this with larger datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12013213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhaled Corticosteroid-Long-Acting Beta-2 Agonist Fixed-Dose Combinations: Preferred Controller in 6- to 11-Year-Olds with Persistent Asthma.","authors":"Gizem Koken, Sinem Polat Terece, Ceren Varer Akpinar, Hacer Ilbilge Ertoy Karagol, Arzu Bakirtas","doi":"10.1159/000544938","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>So far, there is no direct comparison between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy and ICS-long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) fixed-dose combination therapies in 6- to 11-year-old children with persistent asthma. The primary objective of this study was to compare ICS monotherapy and ICS-LABA fixed-dose combination therapies for the frequency of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids (CS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 6-11 years diagnosed with persistent asthma during steps 2-4 of treatment, prescribed daily ICS-containing treatment (fluticasone propionate [FP], fluticasone propionate/salmeterol [FP/SAL], and budesonide/formoterol [BUD/F]), and followed for at least 1 year at our institution from January 2021 to January 2024 were included. The hospital's electronic database was used to retrospectively record asthma controller medication, frequency of asthma exacerbations (including those requiring systemic CS, emergency department [ED] visit and/or hospitalization) and pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of all exacerbations, exacerbations requiring systemic CS, and exacerbations requiring ED visit/hospitalization were significantly higher in the FP group compared to the FP/SAL and BUD/F groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, p < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between the FP/SAL and BUD/F groups concerning all exacerbation parameters (p > 0.05). The incidence of pneumonia was very low in the fixed-dose combination groups, making a statistical comparison unfeasible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICS-LABA fixed-dose combination therapies have been found to be more effective than ICS monotherapy in preventing asthma exacerbations in 6-11-year-old children with persistent asthma and could be recommended as the preferred controllers.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Surgical Procedures and Angioedema Attacks in Hereditary Angioedema.","authors":"Hazal Kayikçi, Ebru Damadoglu, Melek Cihanbeylerden, Cise Tuccar, Ayşegül Pehlivanlar Ustaoğlu, Gül Karakaya, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.1159/000544822","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Surgical interventions can trigger angioedema attacks in hereditary angioedema (HAE). The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of perioperative angioedema and identify associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included HAE patients diagnosed between 1999 and 2024 at a tertiary adult allergy clinic. Data on surgical procedures and perioperative angioedema were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 102 HAE patients, 28 were excluded due to incomplete data, leaving 74 patients (46 female, 62.2%). Fifty-three patients underwent 94 surgeries, with the most common being gynecological (27, 28.7%), abdominal (27, 28.7%), and otorhinolaryngological (16, 17.0%). Of the 54 surgeries before HAE diagnosis, 23 (42.5%) were abdominal. Among 27 abdominal surgeries, 17 (62.9%) occurred in patients with gastrointestinal angioedema prior to diagnosis. Of the 40 surgeries after diagnosis, 31 (77.5%) received preoperative short-term prophylaxis (STP), mostly plasma-derived C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate (27, 87.1%). Perioperative angioedema occurred in 28 (29.8%) surgeries, with a median recovery of 48 h. In surgeries after diagnosis, attacks occurred in 7 out of 31 surgeries (22.6%) with STP and 2 out of 9 (22.2%) without. Among gynecological surgeries, 22 cesarean sections were performed. No significant difference in attack frequency was found between cesarean sections with STP (3, 27.3%) and without (2, 18.2%, p = 0.611).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study found that abdominal attacks before HAE diagnosis are consistent with the literature, underscoring their importance for early diagnosis. The angioedema rate was similar with or without STP before cesarean section, suggesting STP may not be necessary. Further research is needed to optimize HAE management in surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Interleukin-17 and Janus Kinase Inhibitors in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Xiaojuan Zhao, Menghao Li, Xinhui Zhang, Yunfei Tian, Dan Li, Yongjing Wang, Yonghong Zhao, Qianying Li, Yexuan Qi, Xiuju Liu","doi":"10.1159/000544752","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin-17 inhibitors and Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on a network meta-analysis (NMA).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to the search strategy, systematic searches were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials, Scopus, and <ext-link ext-link-type=\"uri\" xlink:href=\"http://ClinicalTrials.gov\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">ClinicalTrials.gov</ext-link>, starting from their respective establishment times to December 8, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interleukin-17 inhibitors and JAK inhibitors for the treatment of AS were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included studies were evaluated for quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and data were statistically analyzed using Software Stata 16.0, to compare the effectiveness and safety differences in all interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 RCTs involving 3,968 subjects were included in this study. The interventions were ranked from best to worst in terms of ASAS20: netakimab 120 mg > filgotinib 200 mg > tofacitinib 5 mg > brodalumab 210 mg > upadacitinib 15 mg > bimekizumab 160 mg > secukinumab 300 mg > ixekizumab 80 mg Q4W > secukinumab 150 mg > secukinumab 150 mg no LD > placebo, netakimab 120 mg outperformed all other interventions, and the difference was statistically significant. The interventions were ranked from best to worst in terms of ASAS40: netakimab 120 mg > tofacitinib 5 mg > secukinumab 150 mg > secukinumab 300 mg > upadacitinib 15 mg > bimekizumab 160 mg > ixekizumab 80 mg Q4W > filgotinib 200 mg > brodalumab 210 mg > placebo, netakimab 120 mg outperformed all other interventions and was statistically significant. In terms of AEs and SAEs, there was no statistical significance among all interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of the NMA showed that netakimab 120 mg ranked relatively high in outcome of ASAS20 and ASAS40. All treatments with IL-17 and JAK inhibitors were generally safe and well tolerated. However, the two included netakimab clinical studies may have limitations. Therefore, the therapeutic agents should be carefully selected in clinical treatment. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of netakimab remain to be further analyzed in studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up times.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Noncoding RNA Associated with Dust Mite-Sensitized Allergic Rhinitis through High-Throughput Sequencing and Its Clinical Relevance.","authors":"Xi-Lian Hu, Liang Jiang, Jing Zhang, Gang Qin, Xiao-Yan Hu","doi":"10.1159/000544040","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory and reactive disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E following exposure to allergens in atopic patients. The primary mediator involved is histamine release, and various immune-active cells and cytokines contribute to the inflammatory response. The condition is characterized by nasal itching, sneezing, hypersensitivity, and swelling of the nasal mucosa. Dust mites are prevalent allergens in China, and both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of AR. Discovering sensitizing allergens is crucial for prevention and treatment. Recent research has focused on the role of noncoding RNAs like miRNA and lncRNA in AR. These noncoding RNAs can interact within a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, influencing gene expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, clinical samples were collected from patients with dust mite-sensitized AR and from healthy controls. Full transcriptome sequencing and PCR verification were conducted, and the verified lncRNAs were assessed for their potential as predictors of AR risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROC curve analysis demonstrated that combining two highly expressed lncRNAs (NONHSAT159281.1 and NONHSAT123298.2) provided high diagnostic accuracy. Correlation analyses revealed a positive association between NONHSAT159281.1 expression and the severity of AR symptoms, particularly nasal congestion and runny nose. Furthermore, associations between lncRNA and miRNA, as well as between miRNA and mRNA, were investigated. A ceRNA network was developed, highlighting the involvement of hsa-miR-205-5p.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, this research discovers potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for AR and provides directions for future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Nasal Glucocorticoid Therapy on Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Symptom Relief in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Randomized Prospective Study.","authors":"Yizhen Jia, Junhao Tu, Binxiang Tang, Fan Jiang, Qing Luo, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1159/000544872","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a widespread inflammatory disease, classified into eosinophilic (EosCRSwNP) and non-eosinophilic (non-EosCRSwNP) types. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in pathophysiological processes, with changing levels in airway diseases like asthma and CRS. Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are first-line treatments for CRSwNP, providing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects pre- and post-endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). This study examines the influence of nasal steroids on nasal exhaled NO (FnNO) post-ESS in EosCRSwNP and non-EosCRSwNP patients and assesses the prognostic value of FnNO measurement for different CRSwNP types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, open-label, prospective study included 20 healthy controls, 30 EosCRSwNP patients, and 35 non-EosCRSwNP patients. All CRSwNP subjects underwent ESS following FnNO determination. Post-surgery, both endotypes were randomly assigned to nasal steroid or normal saline groups, receiving budesonide spray or saline irrigation for 90 days. FnNO, nasal endoscopy, and VAS scores were assessed on days 15, 45, and 90.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found pre-ESS FnNO levels to be lower in CRSwNP patients (181.2 ± 142.0 ppb) compared to controls (330.5 ± 98.7 ppb, p < 0.001) and further reduced in non-EosCRSwNP (144.7 ± 91.2 ppb) compared to EosCRSwNP patients (223.3 ± 147.8 ppb, p < 0.05). Post-ESS, EosCRSwNP patients responded better to nasal steroids, with FnNO levels returning to normal within 90 days of intervention (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between post-ESS FnNO levels, changes in Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores, CT Lund-Mackay paranasal sinus scores, and postoperative prognosis in CRSwNP patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The determination of FnNO is helpful for the differential diagnosis of EosCRSwNP, which is more sensitive to nasal spray glucocorticoid, and the use of nasal spray glucocorticoid post-ESS is helpful for early and rapid recovery of FnNO. FnNO measurement could not be used as an indicator to assess the recovery status of the postoperative surgical area.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors for Walnut and Cashew Nut Sensitization in Preschool Children with Food Allergies in Japan.","authors":"Sona Ikezawa, Hironori Sato, Takaaki Imaizumi, Toshiyuki Kobayashi, Arisa Ito, Eri Hayata, Takeshi Yamamoto, Taiji Nakano, Takayasu Arima, Hiromichi Hamada","doi":"10.1159/000544871","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544871","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The incidence of tree nut allergies, including walnut and cashew nut allergies, has increased significantly globally. In Japan, these allergies rank third after egg and milk allergies and are associated with high rates of anaphylaxis. Jug r 1 and Ana o 3 are effective biomarkers for diagnosing walnut and cashew nut allergies. However, sensitization rates and risk factors among preschool children remain underexplored. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Jug r 1-sIgE and Ana o 3-sIgE sensitization, as well as their associated risk factors, in this population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study was conducted at four hospitals in Chiba Prefecture and included preschool children under 7 years diagnosed with food allergies and without prior tree nut consumption. Sensitization was defined as a specific IgE level of ≥0.35 IU/mL. Clinical data, including allergic conditions, were analyzed, and logistic regression was used to identify the risk factors for sensitization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 248 children, Jug r 1-sIgE and Ana o 3-sIgE levels were measured in 198 and 215, respectively. Jug r 1 sensitization peaked at 34.0% in the 3-4-year group, while Ana o 3 sensitization peaked at 12.2% in the 5-6-year group. Cashew, peanut, and wheat allergies were identified as major risk factors for Jug r 1 sensitization, whereas peanut, walnut, and wheat allergies were associated with Ana o 3 sensitization.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Jug r 1-sIgE and Ana o 3-sIgE sensitization are prevalent in high-risk preschool children in Japan. Early screening and personalized management strategies are essential for managing tree nut allergies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TXK Functional Variants Contribute to Asthma by Regulating Th1 and Th17 Cytokine Pathways.","authors":"Yang Yie Sio, Yu Liu, Terence Yin Weng Lam, Yee-How Say, Kavita Reginald, Fook Tim Chew","doi":"10.1159/000544798","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544798","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>TXK regulates IFN-γ expression and T-helper (Th)1 cell-mediated inflammation that underlies the development of neutrophilic asthma; however, its implication in asthma remains uncertain. This study aimed to functionally characterize the role of TXK single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the development of asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study is part of an ongoing Singapore/Malaysia Cross-Sectional Genetics and Epidemiological Study (SMCSGES). In a SMCSGES sub-cohort (n = 658), we assessed the associations of TXK mRNA expression with asthma phenotype, SNP genotype, and the mRNA expression of IFN-γ and IL23A in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC). Genetic associations between TXK variants and asthma were investigated in a case-control sub-cohort of SMCSGES (n = 2,407). The functional roles of asthma-associated TXK variants in regulating promoter activity were evaluated by in vitro promoter luciferase assay in THP-1 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified significant associations of upregulated TXK transcript expression with increased asthma risk (p < 0.05) and the increased transcript expressions of both IFN-γ (p < 0.0001) and IL23A (p < 0.0001) in PBMC. The major allele \"T\" of tag-SNP rs2661532 was significantly associated with increased TXK mRNA expression compared to the \"C\" allele (false discovery rate-adjusted p < 0.05). The \"T\" allele of rs2661532 was also significantly associated with a higher risk of asthma (p = 0.0346, odds ratio = 1.171, 95% confidence interval = 1.011-1.357). The in vitro promoter luciferase assay showed the major alleles of rs6819804 and rs74513879 (tagged by rs2661532) resulted in higher promoter activity of the TXK gene (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified multiple TXK functional variants associated with asthma by regulating the transcript expression of TXK and downstream Th1 and Th17 cell-mediated inflammatory pathways. These findings suggested that TXK functional variants might be involved in the development of neutrophilic asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Rhinological Symptoms and Quality of Life in Patients with Allergic or Eosinophilic Severe Uncontrolled Asthma Treated with Anti-IgE or Anti-IL5 Therapy: A Real-Live Study.","authors":"Edyta Jura-Szoltys, Aleksandra Niemiec-Górska, Joanna Glück, Olga Branicka, Radoslaw Gawlik","doi":"10.1159/000544039","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544039","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Patients with asthma have a higher incidence of allergic or nonallergic persistent rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis with or without nasal polyps. The nasal symptoms significantly reduce quality of life and substantially affect the asthma control among these patients. Because of no complete knowledge of the etiology of rhinological symptoms, in some patients the proposed therapeutic options are still ineffective. Recommended pharmacotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgical treatment do not have the expected therapeutic effect in some patients. More recently, biological treatment based on phenotyping has become a new alternative therapeutic option. Currently, omalizumab, a monoclonal antibody with an anti-IgE effect in patients with allergic phenotypes or mepolizumab, an anti-IL-5 biologic that reduces the number of eosinophils, may be used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this single-center, real-live study, authors analyzed effects of biological treatment on rhinological symptoms in patients over the age of 18 with severe uncontrolled bronchial asthma with coexisting persistent allergic rhinitis treated with omalizumab or uncontrolled bronchial asthma with coexisting chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps treated with mepolizumab. In all patients, the otolaryngologist performed anterior rhinoscopy. Evaluation of rhinological symptoms and quality of life in patients treated with anti-IgE or anti-IL5 therapy before and 6 months after biological treatment was performed using the TNSS and SNOT-22 scales. The sub-analysis of changes in rhinological symptoms was also performed in a group of patients with N-ERD regardless of eosinophilic or allergic asthma phenotype.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 48 patients (9 male, 18%) with severe chronic bronchial asthma treated with biologics were included into the study. Among them, there were 26 (54%) patients with allergic asthma and persistent allergic rhinitis treated with omalizumab, and 22 (46%) with eosinophilic asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps treated with mepolizumab. In both groups, 6 months of treatment with omalizumab or mepolizumab resulted in significant improvement in relation to all rhinological symptoms assessed with TNSS and SNOT-22 scales. There was a significant increase in the number of patients with smell improvement in the mepolizumab-treated group. Improvements in all rhinitis symptoms and quality of life assessed by TNSS and SNOT-22 scales after 6 months of treatment were comparable in NSAIDs-sensitive versus NSAIDs-tolerant patients regardless of type of monoclonal antibodies used.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Six-month phenotyping-based biological therapy with omalizumab in patients with chronic allergic rhinitis accompanied by several bronchial asthma or with mepolizumab in patients with chronic sinusitis with nasal polyps accompanied by several bronchial asthma showed significant improvement in rhinological sy","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}