International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Hereditary Alpha Tryptasemia: Survey of Concomitant Genetic Testing.","authors":"Joseph H Butterfield, Arveen K Bhasin, Leah L Ishmael, Jacqueline D Squire","doi":"10.1159/000544704","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544704","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary alpha tryptasemia (HαT) affects 4-6% of the general population. Inherited as a Mendelian dominant, HαT has a variable phenotypic expression. Many patients have no obvious symptoms. There is a dearth of reports of possible co-inheritance of other genetic abnormalities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined records of 69 Mayo Clinic patients with HαT for the results of any additional genetic studies obtained during routine or focused evaluations. Clinical records of patients evaluated for baseline tryptase values >8 ng/mL testing positive for the TPSAB1 mutation were reviewed. Screening genetic tests obtained during standard care and/or for evaluation of clinical symptoms were recorded as well as inciting symptoms that led to tryptase determination, the serum tryptase level, alpha- and beta-tryptase gene copy numbers, and the urinary mast cell mediator metabolites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Bone marrow biopsies for systemic mastocytosis and the presence of either a KIT Asp816Val, or Janus kinase 2 Val617Phe mutation were negative. Genetic tests were diverse and included nearly 1,000 suspect genes in 1 case and one to several hundred in others. There was no genetic testing in 19 patients and normal genetic test findings in 37 patients. A group of 8 patients showed at least one genetic abnormality and in a group of 5 patients, both normal and abnormal genetic findings were present. There was no clustering of genetic tests or relation to the inciting symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Genetic testing, often extensive, was obtained in 73% of these HαT patients. Most of these results were normal and did not suggest the presence of a concomitant genetic disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143448903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial Isolates and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in Adults with Inborn Errors of Immunity: A Retrospective Longitudinal Analysis of Sputum Cultures.","authors":"Esra Karabiber, Arzu Ilki, Yasemin Gökdemir, Halime Mualla Vatansever, Şehnaz Olgun Yıldızeli, Ahmet Ozen","doi":"10.1159/000541533","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Individuals with inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are at increased risk of respiratory infection and frequently receive prolonged broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to identify respiratory pathogens and antibiotic resistance patterns in IEI patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively studied 36 IEI patients with positive bacterial growth in sputum cultures between 2014 and 2023. Data covered hospitalizations, respiratory infections, yearly antibiotic prescriptions, past sputum cultures, and antibiotic sensitivities. Patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) and bronchiectasis served as a control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 314 sputum cultures were analyzed from patients with IEI, alongside 585 cultures from individuals with PCD and 113 cultures from patients with bronchiectasis. Patients with IEI had a median age of 23.5 years, with 61% male participants. The study compared the differences in bacterial isolates from sputum cultures and antibiotic resistance between patients with IEI and the control groups. The most common bacterial isolates across all groups were Haemophilus influenzae (159 isolates in IEI vs. 314 in PCD and 26 in bronchiectasis), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Streptococcus pneumoniae. In IEI patients, 992 symptomatic respiratory exacerbations and 43 pneumonia-related hospitalizations were recorded. Notably, H. influenzae in IEI patients showed high resistance rates to cefuroxime (82%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (66%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (59%), and ampicillin/sulbactam (49%). P. aeruginosa in IEI patients displayed significant resistance to ciprofloxacin (85%), ceftazidime (42%), and aminoglycosides (23-33%). Additionally, all S. pneumoniae isolates in IEI patients were tetracycline resistant, with high resistance rates to penicillin, clindamycin, and erythromycin. It is essential to highlight the substantial resistance of common pathogens to oral antibiotics. In contrast, the control groups exhibited lower resistance rates across all bacterial isolates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Antimicrobial resistance is a growing concern among vulnerable IEI patients. We suggest conducting similar investigations in other regions to address this issue. The findings should inform future infection management guidelines for IEIs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"387-398"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation and Analysis of Inhalant Allergens in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis in Yinchuan, China.","authors":"Yingjie Yu, Xiaohui Yan, Lixin Wang, Lun Dong, Dong Song, Jing Liu, Xiaoping Gao","doi":"10.1159/000541710","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the types and distribution characteristics of major inhalant allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) in Yinchuan, China.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 2,000 outpatients suspected of having AR were included from 2022 to 2023 at the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Skin prick tests were performed on the included individuals using 13 common inhalant allergens: house dust mites, dust mites, tropical mites, Artemisia, dog hair, ragweed, cat hair, grass pollen, tree pollen, mold group I, mold group IV, German cockroach (Blattella germanica), and American cockroach (Periplaneta americana). The results of the skin prick tests were summarized, and patients with positive results were grouped by ethnicity, gender, and age to compare the differences in the positive rates of various inhalant allergens between the groups. The number of patients visiting each month was recorded to analyze the temporal variation in the incidence rate and compare the differences in the main inhalant sensitizers among patients in each quarter.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 2,000 included patients, there were 1,060 males and 940 females, with an average age of 18.7 years. Among the 2,000 outpatients who underwent allergen skin prick tests, 1,346 cases (67.30%) had positive results. The inhalant allergens were ranked in descending order of positive rates as follows: Artemisia (53.25%), dust mites (51.10%), house dust mites (49.10%), ragweed (45.70%), tropical mites (43.15%), dog hair (19.20%), cat hair (16.05%), American cockroach (12.10%), German cockroach (11.25%), grass pollen (9.15%), tree pollen (7.10%), mold group I (6.10%), and mold group IV (5.05%). There were no statistically significant differences in positive rates between different ethnicities or genders (all p > 0.05). Compared to patients aged 18 years and above, patients under 18 years old had statistically significant differences in positive rates for dust mites, Artemisia, ragweed, mold group I, and German cockroach (all p < 0.05). The seasonal distribution indicated that autumn had the highest number of patient visits in a year (579 cases, 58.95%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Artemisia and dust mites were the major inhalant allergens in patients with suspected AR in Yinchuan, China. The positive rate of inhalant allergen skin prick tests was not correlated with the ethnicity or gender of the local population. Autumn was the season with the highest frequency of visits by patients with suspected AR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"445-453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Intranasal Corticosteroids for Sleep Disturbances in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Kenshiro Tabata, Yukiyoshi Sumi, Hatoko Sasaki, Noriko Kojimahara","doi":"10.1159/000541389","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541389","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic condition caused by an immunoglobulin E-mediated response to environmental allergens, which affects 10-40% of the global population. AR symptoms, such as nasal congestion and rhinorrhea, significantly reduce quality of life and are associated with sleep disturbances, further exacerbating the condition's burden. Despite the known impact of AR on sleep, the effects of intranasal corticosteroids on sleep quality have not been comprehensively reviewed. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the efficacy of intranasal corticosteroids in improving sleep quality among patients with AR.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review and meta-analysis followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The study protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023460698). A comprehensive search was conducted on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Ichushi-Web. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing intranasal corticosteroids with placebos in patients with AR were included. Data extraction and risk of bias assessment were independently performed by two authors. The primary outcome was the improvement in sleep quality measured by standardized questionnaires. Meta-analyses were performed using a random-effects model. The risk of bias was assessed using the RoB2 tool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Eighteen RCTs involving 6,019 participants were included. The meta-analysis of 12 comparisons from eight studies for the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire sleep domain showed significant improvement in sleep quality with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.292 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.235-0.350, p &lt; 0.0001, I2 = 0.0%). The Nocturnal Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire also showed improvement with an SMD of 0.284 (95% CI: 0.164-0.404, p &lt; 0.0001) based on two comparisons from one study. However, the Epworth Sleepiness Scale did not show significant results (SMD: 0.027, 95% CI: -0.429 to 0.483, p = 0.907) based on two comparisons from two studies. Sensitivity analysis, excluding two studies with high risk of bias according to RoB2, confirmed the robustness of these results. Subgroup analyses for patients with seasonal or perennial AR showed significant improvements in both groups.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study demonstrates that intranasal corticosteroids significantly improve sleep quality in patients with AR. These findings support the use of intranasal corticosteroids as a first-line treatment for AR, not only for managing daytime symptoms but also for enhancing sleep quality. Future research should focus on sleep quality changes as a primary outcome and incorporate both subjective and objective measures to better understand the relationship between sleep and AR symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Allergic rhinitis (AR) ","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"330-344"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11939832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142545241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunogenicity and Safety of COVID-19 Vaccines in Patients with Lung Cancer: Results of a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zhizhao Zhang, Yahui Wang, Jing Zhao, Lei Liu, Pancen Ran, Yang Shu, Wei Xu, Guobin Fu","doi":"10.1159/000542281","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542281","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>COVID-19 has emerged as a significant worldwide health crisis in recent years, characterized by elevated morbidity and mortality rates. COVID-19 vaccinations can diminish transmission and safeguard people. The evaluation of immunogenicity and safety in high-risk populations, such as lung cancer patients, continues to provide a problem. This evaluation seeks to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of COVID-19 vaccinations in patients with lung cancer.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science from January 2021 to November 2022 utilizing the keywords: COVID-19 OR SARS-CoV-2 AND COVID-19 vaccination AND lung cancer OR lung carcinoma. The subsequent requirements must be satisfied for inclusion: (1) research involving at least 30 lung cancer patients undergoing active antitumor therapy alongside healthy controls; (2) COVID-19 vaccination; (3) observational studies (either prospective or retrospective) and clinical trials featuring healthy controls; (4) the primary outcome measured was anti-SARS-CoV-2-spike IgG titers following the second dose of the COVID-19 vaccine in lung cancer patients. Secondary results included local and systemic adverse responses following the first and second doses. Antibody titers (mean ± standard deviation) were assessed for each study individually. The occurrence of adverse events following the first and second dosages was recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight studies were included, comprising 1,220 lung cancer patients and 599 healthy persons. IgG titers against the SARS-CoV-2-spike protein were markedly reduced in lung cancer patients compared to healthy controls, with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.002). The safety profiles of lung cancer patients and healthy individuals were comparable: local reaction after the first vaccine: relative risk (RR) = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.68-1.19; systemic reaction after the first vaccine: RR = 0.92, 95% CI: 0.51-1.66; local reaction after the second vaccine: RR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.54-1.19; systemic reaction after the second vaccine: RR = 1.20, 95% CI: 0.65-2.21.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The antibody titer in lung cancer patients is markedly lower than that in the healthy group. Consequently, fatalities from COVID-19 may transpire in these people notwithstanding vaccination. Consequently, comprehensive protective measures must continue to be implemented to safeguard lung cancer patients who have received two doses of the COVID-19 vaccination against COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"594-605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Baicalin Attenuates Type 2 Immune Responses in a Mouse Allergic Asthma Model through Inhibiting the Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin.","authors":"Zhisen Zeng, Yaoxin Ruan, Haoran Ying, Jie Wang, Huangbin Wang, Shuzhen Chen","doi":"10.1159/000541100","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541100","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Baicalin is a flavonoid chemical extracted and purified from the traditional Chinese medicine named Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, which possesses broad pharmacological properties. Our work aimed to explore the protective role of baicalin in allergic asthma and its potential mechanisms on regulating type 2 immune response.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Mice were injected intraperitoneally with ovalbumin (OVA) twice, further challenged with OVA aerosol for continuous 5 days. For baicalin group, mice were pre-administrated with baicalin. After the final challenge, the immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and blood were examined. The cytokines were evaluated by ELISA. Histological inspections were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Periodic Acid-Schiff staining. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) expression in lungs were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The eosinophils infiltrating in BALF were reduced remarkably in baicalin-treated asthmatic mice. Baicalin decreased OVA-induced inflammatory cytokines and total serum immunoglobulin E secretion significantly. Moreover, baicalin alleviated the asthmatic pathological changes and substantially suppressed TSLP expression in the lung tissues.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study indicates that baicalin attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma in mice effectively by suppressing type 2 immune responses, which might provide a novel insight into the anti-asthmatic activity of baicalin.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"203-211"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142286272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting Lipid Metabolism in Obese Asthma: Perspectives and Therapeutic Opportunities.","authors":"Shanshan Wang, Jianping Zhao, Jungang Xie","doi":"10.1159/000540405","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540405","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obese asthma represents a unique phenotype of asthma characterized by severe symptoms, poor medication controls, increased frequency of exacerbations, and an overall diminished quality of life. Numerous factors, including the complex interactions between environment, mechanical processes, inflammatory responses, and metabolites disturbance, contribute to the onset of obese asthma.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Notably, multiple metabolomics studies in the last several years have revealed the significant abnormalities in lipid metabolism among obese asthmatic patients. Several bioactive lipid messengers participate in the development of obese asthma has also been observed. Here, we present and discuss the latest advances regarding how bioactive lipid molecules contribute to the pathogenic process and mechanisms underlying obese asthma. The key roles of potentially significant effector cells and the pathways by which they respond to diverse lipid metabolites are also described. We finally summarize current lipid-related therapeutic options for the treatment of obese asthma and discuss their application prospects.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>This review underscores the impacts of abnormal lipid metabolism in the etiopathogenesis of obese asthma and asks for further investigation to elucidate the intricate correlations among lipids, obesity, and asthma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"280-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Symptomatology and Management of Adult Anaphylaxis according to Trigger: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Roy Khalaf, Connor Prosty, Christine McCusker, Adam Bretholz, Mohammed Kaouache, Ann E Clarke, Judy Morris, Rodrick Lim, Edmond S Chan, Ran D Goldman, Andrew O'Keefe, Jennifer Gerdts, Derek K Chu, Julia Upton, Elana Hochstadter, Jocelyn Moisan, Xun Zhang, Jennifer L P Protudier, Elissa Abrams, Elinor Simons, Juan Ruiz, Moshe Ben-Shoshan","doi":"10.1159/000542115","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Anaphylaxis is an acute life-threatening allergy, most commonly provoked by food, venom, or drugs. There is limited data regarding differences in symptomatology between anaphylaxis provoked by different triggers. This study aimed to assess sociodemographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, and management of anaphylaxis, according to triggers in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cross-sectional study recruiting adult patients with anaphylactic reactions across 8 emergency departments (EDs) and 1 electronic medical service (EMS) in Canada. Univariate and multivariate regression models were used to evaluate symptoms involving all patients with the outcome of drug-induced anaphylaxis (DIA), venom-induced anaphylaxis (VIA), peanut-induced anaphylaxis (PIA), shellfish-induced anaphylaxis, tree-nut induced anaphylaxis (TIA) and nut-induced anaphylaxis (NIA). We assessed comorbidities associated with severe reactions, stratified by triggers listed above. Additionally, we evaluated the association of each trigger with treatment through regression models involving all patients with medications used as outcome and anaphylaxis triggers used as independent variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From April 2011 to November 2023, 1,135 adults presenting with anaphylaxis to EDs were recruited. The median age was 35.5 (interquartile range 25.3-51.1). Most of the patients presented with FIA (50.3%). Regarding symptomatology, hypotension was more likely associated with DIA (aOR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.11-1.30, p < 0.01). When adjusted for age at reaction and male sex, alcohol was more likely associated (aOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.04-2.19, p = 0.035) with NIA. Regarding management, TIA was more likely associated with inpatient epinephrine (aOR = 2.05, 95% CI = 1.16-3.64, p = 0.014). DIA was less likely associated with outpatient antihistamine (aOR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.48-0.89, p < 0.01) whereas TIA was more likely associated with outpatient antihistamine (aOR = 1.81, 95% CI = 1.03-3.19, p = 0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study underscores associations between specific triggers, clinical manifestations and managements, such as the potential link between TIA and throat tightness and hypotension and VIA. Identifying such associations can aid with the prompt diagnosis of anaphylaxis in patients presenting to the ED, leading to swifter treatment initiation and improving overall outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"454-464"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12048103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142647962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Depigmented, Polymerized Cat Epithelium Extract Is Safe and Improves Rhinitis and Asthma Symptoms in Cat-Allergic Patients: A Real-World Retrospective Study.","authors":"María Vázquez de la Torre, Paula López-González, Elisa Haroun-Díaz, María Luisa Somoza, María Desamparados Cervera, Mónica Ruiz-García, Francisco Javier Ruano","doi":"10.1159/000541838","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000541838","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exposure to cat allergens is often difficult to avoid. Here, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of a depigmented, polymerized cat epithelium extract (Dpg-pol-cat) for the treatment of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Real-world, retrospective study of patients ≥12 years of age with cat allergy and moderate to severe allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis, with or without asthma, who started allergen immunotherapy (AIT) with Dpg-pol-cat extract during routine visits to the Allergy Department. Safety and effectiveness (improvement in FEV1) of AIT were evaluated. The use of rescue medication and patient perceptions were also assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 62 patients were included, of whom 34 (54.8%) received AIT for at least 12 months. There were 15 adverse events, 8 local and 7 systemic, of which 3 led to discontinuation of AIT. Patients with moderate to severe rhinitis decreased from 88.2% at baseline to 29.4% at 12 months (p < 0.0001) and patients with moderate asthma decreased from 76.5% to 38.2% (p = 0.0004). FEV1 improved from a mean (standard deviation) of 3,188.9 (771.4) mL to 3,419.6 (878.4) mL (p = 0.0023). The use of rescue medication for rhinitis decreased from 94.1% to 23.5% (p < 0.0001). All patients requiring rescue medication for conjunctivitis (20.6%) were off medication at 12 months, and 97.1% and 92.6% of patients reported improvement in rhinitis and asthma symptoms, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AIT with Dpg-pol-cat extract shows a favorable safety and effectiveness profile in patients with allergic rhinitis/rhinoconjunctivitis due to cat allergy, with or without allergic asthma, representing a valuable treatment option for these patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"532-542"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics of Patients with Anaphylaxis to European Hornet (Vespa crabro) Venom Compared to Anaphylaxis to Wasp (Vespula spp.) Venom in Southern Germany.","authors":"Mattis Bertlich, Felix Weber, Ines Bertlich, Benjamin Kendziora, Franziska Ruëff, Jennifer L Spiegel, Lars E French, Eva Oppel","doi":"10.1159/000542248","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542248","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Systemic hypersensitivity to hymenoptera species venom is the most common cause for anaphylaxis in adults. Due to similarities between hornet (Vespa crabro) and wasp (Vespula spp.) venom, patients with hornet venom anaphylaxis are often treated similarly to wasp-allergic patients. However, comparative data are scarce. This study aimed to analyze differences and similarities between these two groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis with 42 patients with certain anaphylaxis to hornet venom was conducted. These were matched for age, gender, and CAP class with 42 patients with wasp venom anaphylaxis. Clinical outcomes and treatment adherence were compared.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Patients with hornet venom anaphylaxis showed a significantly higher degree of anaphylaxis (21 vs. 9 patients with grade III/IV anaphylaxis, p < 0.001), despite similar tryptase levels (6.3 ± 8.3 vs. 5.1 ± 4.2) or presence of mastocytosis (2 vs. 3). These patients also showed significantly lower therapy adherence, resulting in fewer patients undergoing specific immune therapy (29 vs. 37, p = 0.030) or sting challenges (14 vs. 27, p = 0.046). Both groups showed high efficacy of specific immunotherapy with wasp venom extract.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Hornet stings induce more severe anaphylaxis, while patients with hornet venom allergies demonstrate lower treatment compliance, likely due to inadequate education. Specific immunotherapy with wasp venom extract remains effective for both.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"652-661"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142739432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}