International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"MicroRNA-4497 is Downregulated in Pediatric Allergic Diseases and Suppresses Th2 Inflammation in an Animal Model.","authors":"Jue Seong Lee, Yongsung Park, Changhak Han, Seunghyun Kim, Wonsuck Yoon, Young Yoo","doi":"10.1159/000545289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545289","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis (AR), and bronchial asthma (BA) are major allergic diseases in childhood. Pediatric allergic diseases are characterized by the 'atopic march,' where two or more allergic conditions can occur either simultaneously or sequentially. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) serve as fine regulators of gene expression, capable of modulating the clinical manifestations of allergic diseases post-transcriptionally. We investigated miRNAs commonly expressed in these three allergic diseases to enhance the understanding of their development and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We collected serum samples from subjects diagnosed with AD, AR, and BA as well as from healthy controls, at Korea University Anam Hospital. Their miRNA expression patterns were analyzed using microarray technology. Additionally, we examined the allergic inflammatory response of miRNA through an allergic animal model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 68 subjects were enrolled in the allergy group, consisting of 42 with AD, 13 with AR, and 13 with BA, while 10 children participated as controls. Microarray analysis revealed that miR-4497 expression levels were consistently downregulated in these three allergic disease groups. Following mast cell activation and miR-4497 transfection, reduced levels of macrophage-derived chemokines (MDC) were observed. Furthermore, levels of IL-4, MDC and methacholine Penh were significantly decreased in a miR-4497 treated mouse model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>miR-4497 expressions were consistently downregulated in pediatric subjects with AD, AR and BA. Allergic inflammation was significantly reduced in HMC-1 cells transfected with miR-4497 and in the treated mouse model. Further research is needed to elucidate the epigenetic mechanisms by which miR-4497 modulates allergic diseases and to explore its potential as a non-invasive biomarker for diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143709780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Raf Kinase Inhibitor Protein in Modulating Echinococcal Cyst Fluid-induced Degranulation in Bone Marrow-Derived Mast Cells.","authors":"Shan-Shan Li, Xue-Li Pu, Jing-Ru Zhou, Chun-Sheng Wang, Jia-Ling Wang, Xilizati Kulaixi, Jian-Rong Ye","doi":"10.1159/000545176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the role of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP) in degranulation induced by echinococcal cyst fluid (EgCF) in bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Primary BMMCs were isolated and cultured from the femurs and tibias of RKIP gene knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice. EgCF-induced degranulation models were established for both groups. Samples of cells and supernatant were collected for analysis. Surface expression levels of CD117 and Fc-epsilon Receptor Ⅰ α (FcεRIα) were assessed. Supernatant concentrations of β-hexosaminidase, IL-4, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) were measured. Cellular mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α were quantified, and changes in RKIP protein expression during degranulation in WT BMMCs were monitored.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After 4 weeks of induction culture, the double-positive rates for CD117 and FcεRIα exceeded 98% in both KO and WT BMMCs. Following sensitization, BMMCs from the KO group demonstrated significantly higher degranulation rates compared to the WT group (p < 0.05). In WT BMMCs, surface RKIP protein expression progressively decreased at 1 hour, 2 hours, and 3 hours post-sensitization, corresponding with degranulation progression (p < 0.05). The KO group exhibited elevated release of BMMC-related cytokines, including IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α, compared to the WT group after sensitization (p < 0.05). Similarly, transcription levels of cytokines IL-4, IL-6, and TNF-α were higher in the KO group than in the WT group following sensitization (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>RKIP gene knockout resulted in an increased EgCF-induced release of cytokines and bioactive substances by BMMCs, indicating that RKIP may suppress EgCF-induced BMMC degranulation. These findings suggest that RKIP could serve as a potential therapeutic target for managing allergic reactions associated with cystic echinococcosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143614864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The eradication of Blastocystis spp. subtype 3 improves the course of chronic spontaneous urticaria.","authors":"Can Tuzer, Osman Ozan Yegit, Nese Sonmez, Belkis Ertek, Ugur Demirpek, Semra Demir, Ozden Buyukbaba Boral, Suna Buyukozturk, Aslı Gelincik, Bahauddin Colakoglu","doi":"10.1159/000545200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545200","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of Blastocystis spp. subtypes (STs) in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and the impact of the eradication are unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the role of Blastocystis spp. STs in CSU and the impact of the eradication on disease activity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Stool samples from 295 CSU patients and 38 healthy controls (HCs) were searched for Blastocystis spp. by direct microscopy. Fifty-seven samples from patients and 12 samples from HCs were analyzed for ST distribution by DNA sequencing. DNA sequencing was only performed in samples detected by Real Time (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The patients and HCs with Blastocystis spp. formed groups A and B, respectively. Anti-parasitic agents were used to eradicate the parasite in group A. Urticaria medication scores (MSs), urticaria activity score-7 (UAS7), blood eosinophil and basophil counts, total IgE values were compared between groups having different STs at the beginning and six months after the eradication. The subjects who were not taking any medication for the CSU such as antihistamine, montelukast, anti-IgE treatment or cyclosporin had no active urticarial lesions during a 6-month period were considered to be in remission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The parasite was detected in 45.7% (n=135) of the CSU patients and 34.2% (n=13) of the HCs. Fifty-seven samples (85.1%) in 67 CSU patients and 12 samples (92.3%) in 13 HCs revealed positive RT-PCR and formed groups A and B, respectively. ST3 was more frequent in group A (p<0.001) whereas ST1 was more common in group B (p<0.001). The patients having ST3 in group A formed subgroup A1 and other STs in group A formed subgroup A2. After the parasite eradication, the CSU remission rate was higher (p=0.031) and the control values of UAS7, MSs were lower (p=0.028, p=0.049) in subgroup A1 than A2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although the presence of Blastocystis spp. ST3 does not worsen CSU, its eradication improves the CSU symptoms.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143604808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aberrant Inflammatory Cells of Peripheral Blood in Nasal Inverted Papilloma.","authors":"Shu-Cai Fu, Yong-Hao Wei, Dan Liu, Jin-Jin Yuan, Jian-Qi Yi, Xiao-Xun Hu, Jin You, Zhi-Qun Huang, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1159/000545154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Nasal inverted papilloma (NIP) is a common nasal benign tumor, with a complex pathogenesis closely linked to inflammatory response. It can be classified into Grade-I and Grade-II phenotypes based on nasal epithelium abnormality. Our objective is to investigate potential inflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood of NIP patients for preoperative assessment of disease severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed inflammatory cells in the peripheral blood of 63 healthy controls and 82 NIP patients, while distinguishing different phenotypes of NIP through immunofluorescent and H&amp;E staining. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, we assessed the predictive value of monocytes%-to-lymphocytes% ratio (M%L%R) for peripheral blood abnormalities in NIP and explored its correlation with clinical data by Spearman r characteristic.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed an increase in monocytes% and decrease in lymphocytes% proportion, while the level of M%L%R was upregulated in the peripheral blood of NIP patients (all p < 0.05). Immunofluorescent staining revealed basal cell proliferation and squamous metaplasia, along with inhibited differentiation of ciliated and goblet cells in nasal epithelium of NIP. Correlation analysis demonstrated a positive correlation between M%L%R and degree of nasal epithelial deterioration (r = 0.2999, p = 0.0062). Finally, M%L%R level was significantly increased in both Grade-I and Grade-II patients (all p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The expression level of M%L%R in the peripheral blood of patients with NIP can serve as a potential biomarker for preoperative evaluation of the severity of nasal epithelial lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Cow's Milk Challenge Outcomes in Children: Multivariate Analysis of Clinical Predictors.","authors":"Luca Delli Colli, Joshua Yu, Derek Lanoue, Adhora Mir, Casey G Cohen, Diana Toscano-Rivero, Justin Sacksner, Bruce Mazer, Christine McCusker, Danbing Ke, Vera Laboccetta, Duncan Lejtenyi, Liane Beaudette, Edmond S Chan, Ingrid Baerg, Julia Upton, Eyal Grunebaum, Philippe Bégin, Ann E Clarke, Aaron Jones, Moshe Ben-Shoshan","doi":"10.1159/000545027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Oral food challenges are the gold standard for diagnosis and reactivity thresholds but are resource-intensive and high-risk for reactions. Limited data on factors associated with increased risk of positive oral food challenges exist. We aimed to assess factors associated with positive oral food challenges and create a model to predict cow milk oral food challenge outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Children aged 5-18 being considered for cow's milk oral immunotherapy underwent a single-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge to cow's milk, with either positive (reaction) or negative (tolerance) outcomes. Initial factors recorded included sex, age, history of asthma, eczema, allergic rhinitis, prior epinephrine use for cow's milk-induced reactions, skin prick test size, serum levels of IgE antibodies to α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and casein and log-transformed values. Stepwise backward multivariate Firth bias-reduced logistic regression was used to create the final model, and performance was assessed with ROC curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>111 children underwent an oral food challenge, 103 patients reacted, and 8 tolerated the challenge. Univariate analysis showed skin prick test size, previous epinephrine use, history of asthma, and log-transformed α-lactalbumin, β-lactoglobulin, and casein were significantly associated with positive oral food challenge. The multivariate model included two factors: log-transformed casein (aOR 2.4; 95%CI 1.4-5.9; p<0.001) and previous epinephrine use (aOR 6.5; 95%CI 1.2-68.0; p=0.03). The final model showed good discriminatory performance (AUC 0.928 (95% CI 0.83 - 0.98). In comparison, a univariate model using only skin prick test (OR 1.44, 95%CI: 1.1-2.0; p=0.002) had worse discriminatory performance (AUC 0.83 (95% CI: 0.64-0.93).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that logistic multivariate models, including log-transformed casein and previous epinephrine use, may help predict oral food challenge outcomes in pediatric patients. Future studies are needed to validate this with larger datasets.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhaled Corticosteroid-Long-Acting Beta-2 Agonist Fixed-Dose Combinations: Preferred Controller in 6- to 11-Year-Olds with Persistent Asthma.","authors":"Gizem Koken, Sinem Polat Terece, Ceren Varer Akpinar, Hacer Ilbilge Ertoy Karagol, Arzu Bakirtas","doi":"10.1159/000544938","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>So far, there is no direct comparison between inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) monotherapy and ICS-long-acting beta-2 agonists (LABA) fixed-dose combination therapies in 6- to 11-year-old children with persistent asthma. The primary objective of this study was to compare ICS monotherapy and ICS-LABA fixed-dose combination therapies for the frequency of exacerbations requiring systemic corticosteroids (CS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients aged 6-11 years diagnosed with persistent asthma during steps 2-4 of treatment, prescribed daily ICS-containing treatment (fluticasone propionate [FP], fluticasone propionate/salmeterol [FP/SAL], and budesonide/formoterol [BUD/F]), and followed for at least 1 year at our institution from January 2021 to January 2024 were included. The hospital's electronic database was used to retrospectively record asthma controller medication, frequency of asthma exacerbations (including those requiring systemic CS, emergency department [ED] visit and/or hospitalization) and pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The frequency of all exacerbations, exacerbations requiring systemic CS, and exacerbations requiring ED visit/hospitalization were significantly higher in the FP group compared to the FP/SAL and BUD/F groups (p < 0.001, p = 0.003, p < 0.001, respectively). There were no significant differences between the FP/SAL and BUD/F groups concerning all exacerbation parameters (p > 0.05). The incidence of pneumonia was very low in the fixed-dose combination groups, making a statistical comparison unfeasible.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ICS-LABA fixed-dose combination therapies have been found to be more effective than ICS monotherapy in preventing asthma exacerbations in 6-11-year-old children with persistent asthma and could be recommended as the preferred controllers.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143556667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Surgical Procedures and Angioedema Attacks in Hereditary Angioedema.","authors":"Hazal Kayikçi, Ebru Damadoglu, Melek Cihanbeylerden, Cise Tuccar, Ayşegül Pehlivanlar Ustaoğlu, Gül Karakaya, Ali Fuat Kalyoncu","doi":"10.1159/000544822","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544822","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Surgical interventions can trigger angioedema attacks in hereditary angioedema (HAE). The aim of this study was to assess the incidence of perioperative angioedema and identify associated risk factors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included HAE patients diagnosed between 1999 and 2024 at a tertiary adult allergy clinic. Data on surgical procedures and perioperative angioedema were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 102 HAE patients, 28 were excluded due to incomplete data, leaving 74 patients (46 female, 62.2%). Fifty-three patients underwent 94 surgeries, with the most common being gynecological (27, 28.7%), abdominal (27, 28.7%), and otorhinolaryngological (16, 17.0%). Of the 54 surgeries before HAE diagnosis, 23 (42.5%) were abdominal. Among 27 abdominal surgeries, 17 (62.9%) occurred in patients with gastrointestinal angioedema prior to diagnosis. Of the 40 surgeries after diagnosis, 31 (77.5%) received preoperative short-term prophylaxis (STP), mostly plasma-derived C1 esterase inhibitor concentrate (27, 87.1%). Perioperative angioedema occurred in 28 (29.8%) surgeries, with a median recovery of 48 h. In surgeries after diagnosis, attacks occurred in 7 out of 31 surgeries (22.6%) with STP and 2 out of 9 (22.2%) without. Among gynecological surgeries, 22 cesarean sections were performed. No significant difference in attack frequency was found between cesarean sections with STP (3, 27.3%) and without (2, 18.2%, p = 0.611).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study found that abdominal attacks before HAE diagnosis are consistent with the literature, underscoring their importance for early diagnosis. The angioedema rate was similar with or without STP before cesarean section, suggesting STP may not be necessary. Further research is needed to optimize HAE management in surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143536707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of IL-17 and JAK Inhibitors in Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Xiaojuan Zhao, Menghao Li, Xinhui Zhang, Yunfei Tian, Dan Li, Yongjing Wang, Yonghong Zhao, Qianying Li, Yexuan Qi, Xiuju Liu","doi":"10.1159/000544752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000544752","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of interleukin-17 inhibitors and Janus kinase inhibitors in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis based on a network meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>According to the search strategy, systematic retrievals were conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Register of Clinical Trials, Scopus, and website ClinicalTrials.gov, from the establishment to December 8, 2023. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of interleukin-17 inhibitors and Janus kinase inhibitors for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis were selected according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The included studies were evaluated for quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Assessment Tool, and data were statistically analyzed using Software Stata 16.0, to compare the effectiveness and safety differences in all interventions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 18 RCTs involving 3968 subjects were included in this study. The interventions were ranked from best to worst in terms of ASAS20: netakimab 120 mg > filgotinib 200 mg > tofacitinib 5 mg> brodalumab 210 mg >upadacitinib 15 mg >bimekizumab 160 mg > secukinumab 300 mg> ixekizumab 80 mg Q4W > secukinumab 150 mg > secukinumab 150 mg no LD> placebo, netakimab 120 mg outperformed all other interventions and the difference was statistically significant. The interventions were ranked from best to worst in terms of ASAS40: netakimab 120 mg > tofacitinib 5 mg > secukinumab 150 mg > secukinumab 300 mg > upadacitinib 15 mg > bimekizumab 160 mg> ixekizumab 80 mg Q4W > filgotinib 200 mg > brodalumab 210 mg > secukinumab 150 mg no LD > placebo, netakimab 120 mg outperformed all other interventions and was statistically significant (except the intervention of filgotinib 200 mg). In terms of AEs and SAEs, there was no statistical significance among all interventions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results of the network meta-analysis showed that netakimab 120mg ranked relatively high in outcome of ASAS20 and ASAS40. All treatments with IL-17 and JAK inhibitors were generally safe and well tolerated. However, the two included netakimab clinical studies may have limitations. Therefore, the therapeutic agents should be carefully selected in clinical treatment. Moreover, the efficacy and safety of netakimab remain to be further analyzed in studies with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up times.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting Noncoding RNA Associated with Dust Mite-Sensitized Allergic Rhinitis through High-Throughput Sequencing and Its Clinical Relevance.","authors":"Xi-Lian Hu, Liang Jiang, Jing Zhang, Gang Qin, Xiao-Yan Hu","doi":"10.1159/000544040","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a chronic inflammatory and reactive disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by immunoglobulin E following exposure to allergens in atopic patients. The primary mediator involved is histamine release, and various immune-active cells and cytokines contribute to the inflammatory response. The condition is characterized by nasal itching, sneezing, hypersensitivity, and swelling of the nasal mucosa. Dust mites are prevalent allergens in China, and both genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of AR. Discovering sensitizing allergens is crucial for prevention and treatment. Recent research has focused on the role of noncoding RNAs like miRNA and lncRNA in AR. These noncoding RNAs can interact within a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network, influencing gene expression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, clinical samples were collected from patients with dust mite-sensitized AR and from healthy controls. Full transcriptome sequencing and PCR verification were conducted, and the verified lncRNAs were assessed for their potential as predictors of AR risk.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ROC curve analysis demonstrated that combining two highly expressed lncRNAs (NONHSAT159281.1 and NONHSAT123298.2) provided high diagnostic accuracy. Correlation analyses revealed a positive association between NONHSAT159281.1 expression and the severity of AR symptoms, particularly nasal congestion and runny nose. Furthermore, associations between lncRNA and miRNA, as well as between miRNA and mRNA, were investigated. A ceRNA network was developed, highlighting the involvement of hsa-miR-205-5p.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, this research discovers potential diagnostic and therapeutic targets for AR and provides directions for future studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Nasal Glucocorticoid Therapy on Exhaled Nitric Oxide and Symptom Relief in Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps: A Randomized Prospective Study.","authors":"Yizhen Jia, Junhao Tu, Binxiang Tang, Fan Jiang, Qing Luo, Jing Ye","doi":"10.1159/000544872","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000544872","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a widespread inflammatory disease, classified into eosinophilic (EosCRSwNP) and non-eosinophilic (non-EosCRSwNP) types. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in pathophysiological processes, with changing levels in airway diseases like asthma and CRS. Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are first-line treatments for CRSwNP, providing anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects pre- and post-endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). This study examines the influence of nasal steroids on nasal exhaled NO (FnNO) post-ESS in EosCRSwNP and non-EosCRSwNP patients and assesses the prognostic value of FnNO measurement for different CRSwNP types.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, open-label, prospective study included 20 healthy controls, 30 EosCRSwNP patients, and 35 non-EosCRSwNP patients. All CRSwNP subjects underwent ESS following FnNO determination. Post-surgery, both endotypes were randomly assigned to nasal steroid or normal saline groups, receiving budesonide spray or saline irrigation for 90 days. FnNO, nasal endoscopy, and VAS scores were assessed on days 15, 45, and 90.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study found pre-ESS FnNO levels to be lower in CRSwNP patients (181.2 ± 142.0 ppb) compared to controls (330.5 ± 98.7 ppb, p < 0.001) and further reduced in non-EosCRSwNP (144.7 ± 91.2 ppb) compared to EosCRSwNP patients (223.3 ± 147.8 ppb, p < 0.05). Post-ESS, EosCRSwNP patients responded better to nasal steroids, with FnNO levels returning to normal within 90 days of intervention (p > 0.05). No significant correlation was found between post-ESS FnNO levels, changes in Lund-Kennedy endoscopy scores, CT Lund-Mackay paranasal sinus scores, and postoperative prognosis in CRSwNP patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The determination of FnNO is helpful for the differential diagnosis of EosCRSwNP, which is more sensitive to nasal spray glucocorticoid, and the use of nasal spray glucocorticoid post-ESS is helpful for early and rapid recovery of FnNO. FnNO measurement could not be used as an indicator to assess the recovery status of the postoperative surgical area.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}