International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Proactive deep learning-facilitated inpatient penicillin allergy delabelling: An implementation study.","authors":"Melinda Jiang, Brandon Stretton, Joshua Kovoor, Joshua M Inglis, Sophia Thompkins, Carlo Yuson, Sepehr Shakib, William B Smith, Stephen Bacchi","doi":"10.1159/000542589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542589","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Erroneous penicillin allergy labels are associated with significant health and economic costs. This study aimed to determine whether deep learning-facilitated proactive consultation to facilitate delabelling may further enhance inpatient penicillin allergy delabelling.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective implementation study utilised a deep learning-guided proactive consultation service, which utilized an inpatient penicillin allergy delabelling protocol. The intervention group comprised all admitted inpatients with a penicillin allergy over the course of a 14-week period in a tertiary hospital. The rate of penicillin allergy delabelling in the intervention group was compared to that of a historical control group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 439 patients included in the study, of whom 121 were identified by the algorithm as suitable for penicillin allergy interrogation. 16.5% of those identified by the algorithm were successfully delabelled in the inpatient setting within the same admission, and 9.9% were referred for outpatient testing. This result was statistically significantly greater compared to the rate of delabelling in the historical control group (0%, P = 0.00001). There were no adverse reactions. The projected annual savings associated with the program over a 12-month period was $1,170,617.16.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep learning-facilitated proactive inpatient penicillin allergy delabelling was effective, safe, and economical in this single-centre implementation study. Further studies should seek to examine this approach in diverse centres.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Climate and Residency in Storage Mite Sensitivity Among Children with Allergic Diseases in The Mediterranean Region.","authors":"Mehmet Akif Kaya, Dilara Fatma Kocacik Uygun, Enes Celik, Aysen Bingol","doi":"10.1159/000543530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mite allergy is the most common inhalant allergen sensitivity. In addition to house dust mites, which are indoor allergens, well-known storage mites also exist.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study examines the frequency of storage mite sensitivity in children with allergic diseases, the rate of cross-sensitization with other mite species, and the relationship between mite sensitivities and various factors such as the type of region where patients reside and meteorological data from their locations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 368 children with allergic diseases were included in the study. According to the results of the epidermal prick tests, 224 (60.9%) patients had sensitivity to at least one type of mite, while 171 (46.5%) patients had sensitivity to at least one house dust mite, and 135 (36.7%) had sensitivity to at least one storage mite. Among those with storage mite sensitivity, 82 patients (60.7%) also had sensitivity to house dust mites. In the group of patients living in rural areas, storage mite sensitivity was 57.9%, while in urban centers this rate was 16.8% (p < 0.001). An increase in humidity level was found to increase the likelihood of developing house dust mite sensitivity and storage mite sensitivity (p <0.05, OR: 2.542 and p < 0.001, OR: 7.792). Additionally, increase in average wind speed was found to increase the likelihood of developing storage mite sensitivity (p < 0.001, OR: 9.582).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Storage mites, an often-overlooked factor in daily practice, are a respiratory allergen that is more common in children than often believed. Susceptibility to storage mites can be affected by the average wind speed and humidity in the region. When assessing the sensitization profiles of allergic children, storage mite sensitization should be considered in addition to house dust mites, and appropriate precautions should be taken.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Upadacitinib and Dupilumab Demonstrate Superior Efficacy in the Treatment of Adolescent Atopic Dermatitis: A Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Zuotao Zhao, Chengyue Peng, Lijuan Liu, Yaqi Zheng, Yen Tan, Xiaoting Song, Peixin Zhang, Xiaojie Huang, Litao Zhang","doi":"10.1159/000543397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543397","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to compare and evaluate the efficacy and safety of five medications, dupilumab, tralokinumab, upadacitinib, baricitinib, and abrocitinib, for the treatment of adolescent atopic dermatitis, in order to provide decision support to support clinical decision-making by developing more scientifically-grounded and effective treatment strategies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A comprehensive search was conducted in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science (WoS), and the Cochrane database to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Phase 3 clinical trials. Supplementary data were retrieved from trial registries, and researchers contacted study authors and pharmaceutical companies when necessary to obtain complete data. Inclusion criteria comprised treatment studies for moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in adolescents aged 12 and above, with outcome measures including efficacy and safety assessments. Data extraction and risk bias assessment were independently performed by two researchers, using Excel for data extraction and the netmeta package in R software for network meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis and bias risk assessment were conducted to validate the robustness and credibility of the results. Our research protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023480597) and did not require approval from an institutional review board or written informed consent.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In the primary efficacy outcome measures, upadacitinib 30mg/d, upadacitinib 15mg/d, and dupilumab 300mg/2w demonstrated excellent efficacy in EASI75 compared to placebo, significantly outperforming other medications and placebo. Dupilumab 300 mg/2w, upadacitinib 30 mg/d, and upadacitinib 15 mg/d showed excellent treatment effects in IGA0/1. Among the outcome measures for improvement in itch severity rating PP-NRS4, dupilumab 300 mg/2w and tralokinumab 300 mg/2w showed the highest efficacy values. Compared to these medications, baricitinib 1 mg/d exhibited weaker performance across all three indicators, particularly in EASI75 and IGA0/1, with effects approaching no significant difference. There are significant differences in the incidence rates of adverse reactions such as nasopharyngitis, acne, and atopic dermatitis among various medications.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Upadacitinib and dupilumab demonstrate strong efficacy and symptom improvement in the treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in adolescents, particularly in reducing the severity of skin lesions and itchiness. Therefore, these medications should be considered as primary treatment options for adolescents with atopic dermatitis. However, further studies with long-term follow-up and larger sample sizes are necessary to thoroughly investigate the safety profiles of these medications in adolescents. This underscores the importance of closely monitoring the side effects of different drugs during clinical tre","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of biologics to treat asthma during pregnancy and adverse events in pregnant women and newborns: A global pharmacovigilance analysis.","authors":"Wonwoo Jang, Hyesu Jo, Jaeyu Park, Seokjun Kim, Hanseul Cho, Yi Deun Jeong, Yejun Son, Damiano Pizzol, Nikolaos G Papadopoulos, Dong Keon Yon","doi":"10.1159/000543490","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543490","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Despite the increasing evidence supporting the use of biologics for treating severe asthma, there is a lack of evidence regarding their use in pregnant women. This study aims to evaluate the safety of biologics for pregnant women, utilizing global pharmacovigilance database.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Reports documented between 1980 and 2023 were extracted from the VigiBase that mentioned pregnancy- or fetus-related reactions with drugs indicated for asthma, including reslizumab, omalizumab, mepolizumab, dupilumab, benralizumab, and other non-biologics. A disproportionality analysis of case-non-case was conducted by calculating the reporting odds ratio (ROR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of adverse maternal, fetal, and newborn outcomes associated with exposure to biologics compared with outcomes associated with other non-biologic asthma medications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15,715 pregnancy-related reports were analyzed. Reslizumab showed an overall lower reporting frequency of adverse events (ROR, 0.19; 95% CI, 0.05-0.67). Omalizumab (ROR, 3.88; 95% CI, 3.16-4.77), mepolizumab (ROR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05-3.36), and dupilumab (ROR, 5.34; 95% CI, 3.90-7.32) commonly showed higher frequencies of spontaneous fetal death. However, these three drugs also had lower frequencies of pregnancy and delivery complications, including preterm birth (omalizumab: ROR, 0.22; 95% CI, 0.16-0.31; mepolizumab: ROR, 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.34; dupilumab: ROR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.03-0.17), which are outcomes related to late pregnancy. In contrast, benralizumab (ROR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48-0.99) differed from the other biologics by showing lower frequencies of spontaneous fetal death (ROR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.48-0.99) and spontaneous abortion (ROR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29-0.78) but higher frequencies of delivery complications (ROR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.02-1.72), including preterm birth (ROR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.14-1.86).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This global case-non-case study underscores the critical need for further well-designed research to investigate these over-reported outcomes and emphasizes the importance of more rigorous monitoring efforts for these adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identifying novel inflammatory protein biomarkers and drug targets of inflammatory bowel disease by integrating Mendelian randomization, bioinformatics, and druggability analysis.","authors":"Feifan Wang, Lu Chen, Yu Tian","doi":"10.1159/000543259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543259","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Inflammatory proteins have the potential to be used as therapeutic targets for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to probe causal associations between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and IBD in the discovery and replication cohorts. Subsequently, we conducted meta-analysis of results from two cohorts. We further conducted protein-protein interaction (PPI), enrichment analysis, and druggability evaluation to elucidate our results and prioritize potential therapeutic targets.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>By integrating data from two cohorts, we demonstrated that genetically predicted CD40 (odds ratio [OR] = 0.878, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.838-0.919) and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand (CXCL)5 (OR = 0.884, 95%CI = 0.841-0.930) decreased IBD risk. However, genetically predicted CXCL9 (OR = 1.184, 95%CI = 1.084-1.294), Interleukin (IL)-18 (OR = 1.140, 95%CI = 1.076-1.208), CD6 (OR = 1.096, 95%CI = 1.045-1.150), and 4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1) (OR = 1.154, 95%CI = 1.070-1.244) increased IBD risk. Moreover, genetically predicted CD40 (OR = 0.855, 95%CI = 0.801-0.912) decreased Crohn's disease (CD) risk. Genetically predicted fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) (OR = 1.259, 95%CI = 1.135-1.397) and 4E-BP1 (OR = 1.202, 95%CI = 1.088-1.327) increased CD risk. We found no inflammatory protein associated with ulcerative colitis. Additionally, CD was significantly associated with elevated levels of three circulating inflammatory proteins, which are suggested to be the consequences of CD. PPI analysis demonstrated interactions between CXCL5, CXCL9, IL-18, CD40, and FGF21. Enrichment analysis indicated these identified proteins significantly enriched in inflammation-related signaling pathways, including interleukin signaling, cytokine signaling, and NF-κB pathway. Three proteins (CD40, IL-18, 4E-BP1) have been targeted for drug development on cancers and immune-related diseases, with potentials of therapeutic targets for IBD.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results provide new biomarkers and drug targets for CD. Moreover, we further demonstrate critical roles of inflammation and immunity in the occurrence and development of IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide Prevalence of Hereditary Angioedema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Samuel A Fisch, Andrew G Rundle, Alfred I Neugut, Daniel E Freedberg","doi":"10.1159/000543321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543321","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare disease caused by dysfunction or lack of the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) protein. The true prevalence of HAE, and whether this prevalence differs across regions, is uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To estimate the prevalence of HAE worldwide, a systematic review and meta-analysis was performed. The pooled prevalence of HAE was calculated using a random-effects model, and heterogeneity across studies was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-five studies from 2000 to 2024 were included in the analysis, describing 11,245 cases of HAE. The pooled prevalence of HAE was 1.22 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.91, 1.53) per 100,000, with lower prevalence reported in Asia and Africa compared to Europe and North America. HAE type 1 made up most of the cases, with a slight female predominance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>HAE is a rare condition which affects 1-2 individuals per 100,000 population worldwide. A true estimate for the prevalence of HAE will inform care for the condition, especially as new treatment options become available.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Specific Immunotherapy Combined with Biologics in Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Dayu Guan, Yijun Liu, Yue Gu, Bowen Zheng, Rong Sun, Yang Shen, Yucheng Yang","doi":"10.1159/000543023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Allergic diseases are common clinical diseases. Although allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and biologics have been widely recognized, the clinical efficacy, safety, advantages and disadvantages of the combined application have not yet been sufficiently recognized. We aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of AIT combined with biologics in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were systematically searched to identify RCTs investigating AIT combined with biologics for treating allergic rhinitis and asthma. The relevant outcome indicators, including incidences of emergency drugs use, severe nasal symptoms, severe adverse effects (AEs), local reactions at the site of administration, headache, and general AEs, were collected and extracted. Routine and network meta-analyses were conducted using RevMan-5.4 and STATA-MP-14 to assess efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight RCTs and a retrospective study involving 1494 patients aged 5 to 65 years with allergic rhinitis and asthma were included in this review. ① Routine meta-analysis revealed that AIT combined with biologics was significantly better than control treatment (placebo, AIT or biologics) in terms of the incidence of emergency drugs use, severe nasal symptoms, and severe AEs (P=0.0002; P=0.01; P=0.02). However, the differences in the incidence of local reactions at the site of administration, headache and general AEs were not significant. ② In the network meta-analysis, compared with AIT or placebo alone, AIT combined with biologics observably reduced the incidence of emergency drugs use and severe nasal symptoms (OR=0.32, 95% CI 0.14-0.73; OR=0.41, 95% CI 0.26-0.63). Furthermore, AIT combined with biologics yielded an evidently lower incidence of serious adverse reactions than AIT alone (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.23-0.74).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combined application of AIT and biologics has promising prospects in the clinical treatment of allergic rhinitis and asthma due to the improvement of both clinical efficacy and safety.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION (PROSPERO #CRD42024496277).</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142948048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Osthole ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.","authors":"Peiqiang Liu, Wenjun Fan, Yu Xu","doi":"10.1159/000543408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543408","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Osthole, a naturally occurring coumarin derivative, has been isolated from the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Cnidium monnieri. This compound exhibits a range of pharmacological properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of osthole in tissue remodeling in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effects of osthole on nasal polyp (NP) formation were examined within a mouse model of NPs induced by cigarette smoke (CS). The detection of polypoid changes and goblet cell metaplasia was achieved through the use of haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) staining, respectively. The levels of TGF-β1, matrix metalloproteinases 2, 7, 9, and 12 (MMP2, MMP7, MMP9, MMP12), as well as tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in nasal lavage fluid were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Western blotting was employed to ascertain the expression of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers (E-cadherin, ZO-1, α-SMA and vimentin), as well as the activity of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway. The expression of E-cadherin in nasal epithelium was determined through immunohistochemistry.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the OVA+SEB or CS-exposed NP mouse model, osthole was observed to reduce the incidence of polypoid changes and goblet cells, while simultaneously increasing the expression of E-cadherin in the epithelium when compared to the CS-treated group. After treatment with osthole, the levels of TGF-β1, MMP2, MMP7, MMP9 and MMP12 in nasal lavage fluid were observed to decrease, while the levels of TIMP-1 were found to increase. In vitro, cigarette smoke extract (CSE) was observed to down-regulate the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1, while simultaneously up-regulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. Moreover, osthole up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin and ZO-1 while down-regulating the expression of α-SMA and vimentin. This effect of osthole was reversed by PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway agonists.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Osthole attenuates CS exposure-induced EMT via the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathway, providing a theoretical and experimental basis for its clinical application in the treatment of CRSwNP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142931775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Phytotherapy and Anthroposophic Medicine in Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Céline Braunwalder, Jana Ertl, Matteo Wullschleger, Eliane Timm, Ursula Wolf","doi":"10.1159/000539645","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000539645","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is a common health condition that is associated with an increased risk for bronchial asthma. Besides conventional medicine, treatments from traditional, complementary and integrative medicine are widely used by individuals with SAR. This review aims to systematically summarize evidence on the efficacy, effectiveness, and safety of European/Western phytotherapy (PT) and medications from anthroposophic medicine (AM) in individuals with SAR.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Four electronic databases were screened for clinical studies published between January 1990 and March 2023. The results were qualitatively synthesized and the study quality was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 14 studies were included, 11 from European/Western PT and three from AM. About half of the studies were rated as being of sufficient quality. The most frequently studied plant was Petasites hybridus (butterbur), showing beneficial effects on immunological parameters, subjective symptoms, and nasal airflow. Beneficial immunological and clinical effects were also shown for an herbal preparation combining Citrus limonis (lemon) and Cydonia oblonga (quince). The medications examined by studies of sufficient quality were judged to be safe.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, this systematic review highlights two herbal preparations, one from European/Western PT and one from AM, that appear to be promising options in the treatment of SAR.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"75-86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141859551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Effects of Asthma on Upper Airway Diseases and Allergic Diseases: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization.","authors":"Zengxiao Zhang, Gongfei Li, Shizhe Zhou, Minghui Wang, Longgang Yu, Yan Jiang","doi":"10.1159/000540358","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000540358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Asthma is associated with upper airway diseases and allergic diseases; however, the causal effects need to be investigated further. Thus, we performed this two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore and measure the causal effects of asthma on allergic rhinitis (AR), vasomotor rhinitis (VMR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC), atopic dermatitis (AD), and allergic urticaria (AU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The data for asthma, AR, VMR, AC, AD, and AU were obtained from large-scale genome-wide association studies summarized recently. We defined single-nucleotide polymorphisms satisfying the MR assumptions as instrumental variables. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) approach under random-effects was applied as the dominant method for causal estimation. The weighted median approach, MR-Egger regression analysis, MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier test, and leave-one-out sensitivity analysis were performed as sensitivity analysis. Horizontal pleiotropy was measured using MR-Egger regression analysis. Significant causal effects were attempted for replication and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We revealed that asthma had causal effects on AR (IVW, odds ratio [OR] = 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-2.14; p < 0.001), VMR (IVW, OR = 1.40; 95% CI, 1.15-1.71; p < 0.001), AC (IVW, OR = 1.65; 95% CI, 1.49-1.82; p < 0.001), and AD (IVW, OR = 2.13; 95% CI, 1.82-2.49; p < 0.001). No causal effect of asthma on AU was observed. Sensitivity analysis further assured the robustness of these results. The evaluation of the replication stage and meta-analysis further confirmed the causal effect of asthma on AR (IVW OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.62-2.02, p < 0.001), AC (IVW OR = 1.44, 95% CI 1.11-1.87, p < 0.001), and AD (IVW OR = 1.85, 95% CI 1.42-2.41, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We revealed and quantified the causal effects of asthma on AR, VMR, AC, and AD. These findings can provide powerful causal evidence of asthma on upper airway diseases and allergic diseases, suggesting that the treatment of asthma should be a preventive and therapeutic strategy for AR, VMR, AC, and AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"31-40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141897281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}