International Archives of Allergy and Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Nano-silica Particles Exposure Affects Pollen-Sensitized Mice via Nicotinamide Metabolism.","authors":"Yong-Shi Yang, Yi-Bo Hou, Ya-Li Cheng, Meng-Da Cao, Ji-Fu Wei, Dian-Dou Xu, Jin-Lu Sun","doi":"10.1159/000546393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The proportion of patients with pollinosis is relatively high within the allergic disease population. Climate change and air pollution negatively affect allergic respiratory diseases. Therefore, further studies are necessary to clarify the effects of pollen grains and air pollution on allergic diseases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Building on our previous research, we established an Artemisia pollen-sensitized mouse model and evaluated the impact of nano-SiO2 particle exposure on pollen allergy in this study. Serum samples were collected to detect specific IgE levels and cytokines and conduct metabolomic analysis. Single-cell suspensions were prepared from mouse spleens, and the Th1/Th2 cell ratio was analyzed by flow cytometry. We utilized RBL-2H3 cells, mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), and the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) model to investigate the effects of the most significant metabolites on allergic reactions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Exposure to nano-SiO₂ particles can exacerbate the damage to the nasal mucosal epithelial cells of pollen-sensitized mice, disrupt the integrity of the nasal mucosal epithelium, promote goblet cell hyperplasia, elevate serum levels of IL-4 and IL-6, and intensify the imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cells. Metabolomic analysis revealed that exposure to nano-SiO₂ particles in pollen-sensitized mice significantly enriched the niacin and nicotinamide metabolism pathways. Nicotinamide was demonstrated to inhibit mast cell degranulation in RBL-2H3 and BMMCs, and to reduce IgE-mediated allergic reactions in the PCA model.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Pollen-sensitized mice exposed to nano-SiO2 particles can aggravate allergic reactions and induce dysregulation of the metabolism characterized by niacin and nicotinamide. Nicotinamide could stabilize mast cells and may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for allergic diseases. Further in-depth investigations are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144247729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy of Different Dosing Regimens of Omalizumab in children and adolescents with chronic spontaneous urticaria based on real-life data.","authors":"Sukru Cekic, Yakup Canitez, Deniz Ozceker, Pınar Uysal, Oner Ozdemir, Serkan Filiz, Hamit Bologur, Yasin Karali, Hale Yuksel, Nihat Sapan","doi":"10.1159/000545336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545336","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Limited data are available regarding the effectiveness of different omalizumab dosing strategies in childhood chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU). This study, aimed to investigate the efficacy of omalizumab initiated at different doses in children and adolescents with CSU based on real-life data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted at five academic medical centers in Turkey. Patient data were obtained from their file data. Omalizumab treatment was initiated at a dose of 150 mg every four weeks in 37 patients (60.7%) (Group 1) and 300 mg in 24 patients (39.3%) (Group 2).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was 14.4 ± 2.6 years (6.3¬-¬18 years), and female to male ratio was 2.2 (42/19). There was no difference between the mean initial UAS7 scores of Groups 1 and 2 (34 ± 8.8 and 34.6 ± 9.1, respectively) (p = 0.854). Groups 1 and 2 achieved an urticaria-free or well-controlled status at rates of 75.7% (n = 28) and 87.5% (n = 21), respectively, during the treatment period (p = 0.334). Group 2 achieved urticaria-free or well-controlled status in a shorter time than Group 1 (median: 1 month (1-3 months) and median: 2 months (1-4 months), respectively) (p = 0.036). The rate of patients who achieved urticaria-free status during the study period was 59.5% (n = 22) and 87.5% (n = 21) in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (p = 0.023). Seven patients in Group 1 (31.8%) and two patients in Group 2 (9.5%) experienced recurrence (p = 0.132). At the last evaluation, more patients in Group 2 (83.3%, n = 20) were urticaria-free than in Group 1 (48.6%, n = 18) (p = 0.008). A patient had an exacerbation of urticaria associated with omalizumab within the first 24 hours of the first dose, but this complication was not repeated. Other than dizziness in one patient, no different side effects were seen in our cohort of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Omalizumab is an effective and reliable treatment option for childhood CSU. Urticaria-free or well-controlled status can be achieved in a shorter time by initiating treatment with a 300 mg/4 week regimen. Although this dose may need to be increased in most cases, control can be achieved with a dose of 150 mg/4 weeks in a significant number of patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144225363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A risk score prognostic model based on four ubiquitination and immune-related genes in sepsis for outcome prediction and treatment guidance.","authors":"Qingyun Dong, Min Xu","doi":"10.1159/000546306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ubiquitination and immune regulation play an important role in sepsis. The purpose of this study is to explore the potential value of ubiquitination and immune related genes in sepsis and develop a risk score prognostic model based on sepsis ubiquitination and immune related genes for accurate outcome prediction and better treatment guidance.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Differential expression and univariate Cox analyses were used to identify ubiquitination and immune-related DEGs related to prognosis, and then a risk model was constructed using LASSO regression analysis. Subsequently, Kaplan-Meier analysis, time-dependent ROC curve analysis, immune cell infiltration analysis, functional enrichment analysis, drug prediction and molecular docking were performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4 ubiquitination and immune-related DEGs related to the prognosis of sepsis were identified. A risk score model was constructed based on these 4 genes. The proportion of death samples in the high risk score group was higher and the OS was worse. The risk score was an independent prognostic factor for sepsis. The time-dependent ROC curve indicated that the risk score model had good predictive ability. The results of ssGSEA and GSEA showed that most immune cell infiltration levels decreased and immune and inflammation related pathways showed inhibitory states in the high risk group. In addition, 7 protein-drug docking results were obtained. The binding energy of LCK and JNJ-26483327 was the lowest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The 4 ubiquitination and immune-related model genes may play an important role in sepsis by regulating immune cell infiltration and immune and inflammatory related pathways. The model constructed based on these 4 genes has good predictive value, which may help clinical doctors better evaluate the prognosis of sepsis patients and develop personalized treatment plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144215731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhalant Allergen Sensitization: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Geographic Variation in the United States.","authors":"Kenny Kwong, Zhen Chen, Lyne Scott, Lee H Hilborne","doi":"10.1159/000545508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We aimed to assess the prevalence of IgE-mediated sensitization to two perennial (dust mite and animal) and four seasonal allergen sources (tree, grass, weed, and mold/fungi) using data from a national clinical reference laboratory (Quest Diagnostics).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients tested in 2019 for ≥1 specific serum IgE toward 4 dust mites, 14 animals, 32 trees, 12 grasses, 21 weeds, or 19 mold/fungi allergens, were included. Patients with ≥1 specific IgE ≥0.10 kU/L within a source were considered sensitized for the source. Chi-square tests and multivariate logistic regression were used to compare the estimated prevalence of allergic sensitization related to demographics, geography, and clinical diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sensitization for dust mite, animal, tree, grass, weed, and mold/fungi sources was 38.0% (21,161/55,735), 32.1% (21,888/68,035), 34.5% (22,975/66,567), 30.3% (21,664/71,575), 31.2% (22,960/73,605), and 19.7% (13,514/68,574), respectively. Across allergen sources, males had higher prevalence (from lowest to highest: 25.3% mold/fungi to 43.0% dust mite) compared to females (from lowest to highest: 16.1% mold/fungi to 34.6% dust mite); prevalence peaked in 10-19 years (from lowest to highest: 29.7% mold/fungi to 54.2% dust mite) and then decreased with increasing age; large metropolitan areas (from lowest to highest: 39.6% dust mite to 20.7% mold/fungi) had higher prevalence compared to small-to-medium metro (from lowest to highest: 36.6% dust mite to 17.9% mold/fungi) or nonmetro areas (from lowest to highest: 32.4% dust mite to 19.5% mold/fungi); a higher prevalence was observed in patients with asthma, atopic dermatitis, or rhinitis than in those with none of these diagnoses reported. Sensitization to perennial and seasonal allergens showed regional variation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Prevalence of allergic sensitization to perennial and seasonal allergens is associated with patient age and sex, census regions, level of urbanization, and allergic disease states. These factors should be considered when designing and selecting allergen panels for diagnosing and treating symptomatic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144172898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Fermented Product Consumption During Pregnancy and Lactation in the Development of Cow's Milk Allergy in Infants.","authors":"Seda Çevik, Uğur Altaş, Zeynep Meva Altaş, Halil Alkaya, Ömer Faruk Özbay, Mehmet Yaşar Özkars","doi":"10.1159/000546657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546657","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>This study investigates the potential impact of maternal consumption of fermented products during pregnancy and lactation on the development of cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) in infants. The introduction highlights how maternal diet can influence immune tolerance and the development of allergic diseases. Although the protective effects of fermented foods on various health conditions are recognized, evidence on their role in preventing allergic diseases remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The research was conducted as a case-control study with 95 children aged 0-3 years, comprising 46 CMPA cases and 49 healthy controls. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with mothers, focusing on demographic information, maternal diet, and environmental factors. Fermented product consumption was measured in grams and milliliters, and allergy diagnoses were confirmed via clinical evaluations, IgE tests, and oral food challenge tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study analyzed 46 cases and 49 controls. Among cases, 67.4% (n=31) had IgE-mediated CMPA, while 32.6% (n=15) had non-IgE-mediated CMPA. Maternal smoking during pregnancy was reported in 4.3% of cases and 10.2% of controls (p=0.437). Yogurt intake Turing pregnancy was lower in cases (230 g/week) than in controls (420 g/week) (p=0.011), while cheese intake was 210 g/week and 225 g/week, respectively (p=0.042).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study concludes that maternal consumption of fermented products during pregnancy may reduce the risk of CMPA in infants. However, larger and long-term studies are needed to clarify the interaction between dietary, cultural, and environmental factors. Further investigation into variables like antacid use, probiotic supplementation, and infection history is also recommended to better understand their influence on CMPA development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144173108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Quality of Life in Children with Chronic Urticaria using the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Questionnaire Index (CDLQI): A Retrospective Cohort Study.","authors":"Catherine K Zhu, Noha Benharira, Connor Prosty, Sofianne Gabrielli, Michelle Le, Elena Netchiporouk, Xun Zhang, Michael N Fein, Barbara Miedzybrodzki, Moshe Ben-Shoshan","doi":"10.1159/000546466","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Background Chronic urticaria (CU) negatively impacts children's quality of life (QoL), yet data on pediatric CU remain limited. This study assessed CU's impact on QoL using the Children's Dermatology Life Quality Index (CDLQI). Methods Children (4-16 years) with CU were recruited and completed standardized questionnaires on demographics, CU type, management, and comorbidities. Chart review assessed laboratory data. Patients also completed the Urticaria Control Test (UCT), Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UAS7), and CDLQI at study entry. Multivariable logistic regression identified factors associated with clinically poor QoL. Results Seventy-four children (median age =10) were recruited: 39 (52.7%) had chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), 21 (27.0%) had chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU), and 14 (16.2%) had both. Most children (n=54; 72.9%) reported a clinically satisfactory (CDLQI ≤ 5), while 20 (27.0%) reported a clinically poor QoL (CDLQI > 5). Factors associated with clinically poor QoL included older age at symptom onset (aOR =1.04; 95% CI=1.01-1.05), elevated C-reactive protein (CRP >5mg/L) (aOR=1.49; 95% CI=1.04-2.13), and history of atopic dermatitis (aOR=1.59; 95% CI=1.18-2.13). In younger children (aged 4 - 10), cold urticaria was associated with clinically poor QoL (aOR=1.44; 95% CI=1.07, 2.00). Conclusion Older age at symptom onset, elevated CRP, atopic dermatitis and cold urticaria are associated with clinically poor QoL in children with CU. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions, such as psychosocial support and education, to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144101805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-Term Longitudinal Analysis of Pulmonary Function Before and After Biological Therapy in Severe Asthma.","authors":"Wakana Uji, Toshiyuki Koya, Moe Tanaka, Yui Murai, Takahiro Matsuda, Shun Naramoto, Hiroshi Ueno, Ami Aoki, Kenjiro Shima, Yosuke Kimura, Takashi Hasegawa, Mayumi Sasagawa, Toshiaki Kikuchi","doi":"10.1159/000546394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546394","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Biological agents are essential treatment options for severe asthma, particularly in cases with Type 2 (T2) inflammation, due to their ability to improve symptoms, prevent exacerbations, and reduce the use of oral corticosteroids. However, limited data exist regarding their long-term effects on lung function, particularly on forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV₁). This study aimed to analyze the longitudinal changes in FEV₁ before and after the initiation of biological agents by following cases over an extended period.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included patients with at least three spirometric measurements before and after the initiation of biological agents, and a follow-up period of at least two years. The primary outcome was the annual change in FEV₁ (ΔFEV₁). Secondary outcomes included comparisons between patients with improved and deteriorated ΔFEV₁, differences based on the type of biological agent used, and comparisons between patients who achieved clinical remission and those who did not.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 41 patients with severe asthma were analyzed. The overall ΔFEV₁ significantly improved after the introduction of biological agents (p < 0.001). Patients with greater declines in FEV₁ prior to treatment showed more pronounced improvements, especially among those treated with anti-IL-5 biologics (mepolizumab and benralizumab) or anti-IL-4 receptor antibodies (p = 0.016 and p = 0.026, respectively). Furthermore, patients with elevated T2 inflammation biomarkers, such as fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and peripheral blood eosinophil count (PBE), exhibited greater improvements in FEV₁.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study indicates that biological agents may help prevent the progressive decline in lung function in severe asthma, particularly among patients with significantly declined lung function or elevated T2 inflammation biomarkers before treatment. Further research is needed to explore differences in efficacy across various biological agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-23"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144077867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential key genes for giant cell arteritis revealed based on single-cell sequencing and Mendelian randomization analysis.","authors":"Tao Cheng, Jiafan Chen, Xinjue Shan, Bochao Jia, Sulin Sang, Yunkai Wang, Yi Wei, Yuanhui Hu","doi":"10.1159/000546323","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546323","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is an autoimmune disease affecting medium and large arteries. It varies in presentation and often recurs, potentially leading to blindness and aneurysms. The pathogenesis of GCA is not well understood. This study aims to identify key genes linked to GCA and explore potential pathogenic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study integrated single-cell RNA sequencing, expression quantitative trait loci, and genome-wide association study data, employing a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the causal effects of marker genes in CD4+ T cells on the development of GCA. Additionally, colocalization analysis was conducted to determine whether there was a shared causal variant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Through single-cell RNA sequencing and MR analysis, we identified three key genes, RCAN3, RPS6, and HLA-DQB1, that had a causal relationship with a reduced risk of GCA. Specifically, RCAN3 (OR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.26-0.93, p = 0.03), RPS6 (OR = 0.21, 95% CI = 0.06-0.73, p = 0.01), and HLA-DQB1 (OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.62-0.93, p = 0.01) were inversely associated with the disease. Multiple sensitivity analysis methods showed no heterogeneity and pleiotropy, and ruled out potential reverse causality, demonstrating the robustness of MR analysis results. Colocalization analysis revealed that HLA-DQB1 and GCA were related to SNPs within the same genomic region but involved different causal variants.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified three potential key genes (RCAN3, RPS6, HLA-DQB1) linked to the causality of GCA, providing new perspectives on the pathogenesis of GCA and new avenues for therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143993646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the threshold concentration of birch pollen for inducing allergic symptoms using an allergen challenge chamber.","authors":"Nadja Struß, Philipp Badorrek, Katharina Schwarz, Horst Windt, Wolfgang Straff, Conny Höflich, Jens M Hohlfeld","doi":"10.1159/000545509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000545509","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To determine threshold concentrations of pollen inducing symptoms in seasonal allergic rhinitis patients has been a challenge for decades. Allergen challenge chambers (ACC) allow a controlled, reproducible experimental design to address this problem. Hitherto, ACCs were only run with high pollen concentrations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Fraunhofer ACC was technically modified to deploy very low pollen concentrations. Then, adults with birch pollen-induced allergic rhinitis were challenged with varying birch pollen concentrations using a patient-blinded, sham challenge-controlled, part-randomized, titrate-to-effect clinical study setting. Mean increase in Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS) ≥0.55 compared to sham challenge was regarded as minimal clinically important difference (MCID). Further endpoints were nasal secretion weight, exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and inflammatory cells from nasal lavage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>15 participants with mild to moderate allergic rhinitis participated in the experimental study part (mean age 45 years [22 - 64]; 7 females). Mean TNSS was: 1.08 at 0 pollen/m3; 1.05 at 10 pollen/m3; 1.2 at 50 pollen/m3; 1.74 at 100 pollen/m3; 1.61 at 200 pollen/m3; 2.79 at 1,000 pollen/m3. MCID of TNSS was observed at 100, 200, and 1,000 pollen/m3. More than half of the study population showed a lack of response at 10, 50, and 200 pollen/m3. Nasal secretion increased slightly with concentration. No clinically meaningful results could be derived from FeNO and inflammatory cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The applied technical modification of the Fraunhofer ACC produced stable, low pollen concentrations. Based on mean TNSS data, the threshold concentration for inducing symptoms with birch pollen was 50-100 pollen/m3.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143969429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impacts of air pollution on dynamic lung function in asthma patients: the modifying effect of phenotype susceptibility and possible relationship with airway microbiota.","authors":"Yi Li, Congying Zou, Fangfan Jiang, Feiran Wang, Huibing Zhang, Hongyu Wang, Wen Wang","doi":"10.1159/000546208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000546208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Introduction Air pollution and meteorological factors have consistently been reported to adversely affect asthma patients. Methods We used a linear mixed-effects model to explore the relationship between air pollution and the dynamic lung function of 58 adult asthma patients with different asthma phenotypes in Beijing, China. We conducted a follow-up panel study of these patients with repeated lung function tests every day in the morning and evening by supervised spirometry from November 2020 to December 2021. Induced sputum from these subjects was collected and analyzed for the microbiome composition and associations between microbiome and lung function indices. Results We found that a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 was associated with decreases 0.79% in FEF25-75 (95% CI: 0.31 ~ 3.25), a range of decreases of 0.76%~0.83% PEF, 1.58%~1.93% for FEF25 and 1.79%~2.31% for FEF50 in the morning or evening on different lag days. Compared with the PM2.5 effect in the fall, PM2.5 in spring and winter had significant effects on FEV3, FEsV6, and FVC. O3 had significant effects on FEF25, FEF50, FEV3, FEsV6, FVC and FEV1/FEV1-predicted in summer. Significant reduction of lung function indices in range of 0.31% to 1.29% reduction for lung function indices associated with the summer Rh or spring Rh compared with fall Rh. PM2.5 had a larger adverse effect on Th2 phenotype asthmatic patients than on non-Th2 phenotype asthmatic patients. For a 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, there was a 0.75% (95% CI: 0.026%, 1.52%), 0.70% (95% CI: 0.010%, 1.50%),0.75% (95% CI: 0.013%, 1.49%) and 0.37 L (95% CI: 0.062%, 0.80%) on FEF50 (evening), FEF50 (morning), FEF75 (evening) and FEV1 (morning), respectively for the Th2 phenotype compared with those for the non-Th2 phenotype. Significant differences in the sputum microbiome composition were observed between the two inflammatory phenotypes. The linear relationships between sputum microbiome and lung function indices were observed. Conclusion Our study demonstrated the possibility of phenotype-environment interactions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13652,"journal":{"name":"International Archives of Allergy and Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"1-22"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}