Insights into Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Bone reporting and data system on CT (Bone-RADS-CT): a validation study by four readers on 328 cases from three local and two public databases.","authors":"Yue Xing, Defang Ding, Shun Dai, Yangfan Hu, Xianwei Liu, Liangjing Lyu, Guangcheng Zhang, Shiqi Mao, Qian Yin, Junjie Lu, Jiarui Yang, Yang Song, Huan Zhang, Chengzhou Li, Weiwu Yao, Jingyu Zhong","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02057-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02057-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the reproducibility and effectiveness of the bone reporting and data system on CT (Bone-RADS-CT) for incidental solitary bone lesions in adults.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>We retrospectively included 328 CT cases from three local and two public databases, respectively. All the cases were histopathologically or clinically confirmed bone lesions, \"do not touch\" lesions with typical appearance, and remained stable for at least 2 years. Each lesion with gender, age, and clinical history was categorized according to the Bone-RADS algorithm by two musculoskeletal radiologists and two non-musculoskeletal radiologists. The Bone-RADS categories were as follows: Bone-RADS-1, likely benign, leave alone; Bone-RADS-2, incomplete assessed on imaging, perform different imaging modality; Bone-RADS-3, intermediate, perform follow-up imaging; Bone-RADS-4, suspicious for malignancy or need for treatment, biopsy and/or oncologic referral. Inter-reader agreement was evaluated. The diagnostic performance of the Bone-RADS-CT for distinguishing positive cases (intermediate or malignant lesions or osteomyelitis) from negative cases (benign lesions), were measured, using histopathology results, clinical diagnosis, or follow-up as a standard reference.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 223 positive cases and 105 negative cases, respectively. The overall inter-reader agreement between two musculoskeletal and two non-musculoskeletal radiologists were both moderate (weighted kappa 0.553 and 0.403). The diagnostic performance for identifying intermediate or malignant lesions or osteomyelitis ranged according to radiologists with sensitivities of 88.8% to 94.6%, specificities of 42.9% to 71.1%, and accuracies of 78.0% to 86.6%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bone-RADS-CT is effective for identifying bone lesions that need further treatment, but is only moderately reliable for readers of different specialties and experience.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Bone-RADS-CT has been demonstrated to be a reliable algorithm for non-musculoskeletal radiologists and an effective tool for identifying the \"need for treatment\" incidental solitary bone lesions in adults, but still needs improvement in the rating method and category definition.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Bone-RADS-CT has been demonstrated to be reliable and accurate when rated by musculoskeletal radiologists. Bone-RADS-CT achieved moderate agreement for musculoskeletal and non-musculoskeletal radiologists. Bone-RADS-CT presented high sensitivities but low specificities for identifying \"need for treatment\" bone lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"174"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12344047/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144821310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning in rib fracture imaging: study quality assessment using the Must AI Criteria-10 (MAIC-10) checklist for artificial intelligence in medical imaging.","authors":"Jonas M Getzmann, Kitija Nulle, Cinzia Mennini, Umberto Viglino, Francesca Serpi, Domenico Albano, Carmelo Messina, Stefano Fusco, Salvatore Gitto, Luca Maria Sconfienza","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02046-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02046-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To analyze the methodological quality of studies on deep learning (DL) in rib fracture imaging with the Must AI Criteria-10 (MAIC-10) checklist, and to report insights and experiences regarding the applicability of the MAIC-10 checklist.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>An electronic literature search was conducted on the PubMed database. After selection of articles, three radiologists independently rated the articles according to MAIC-10. Differences of the MAIC-10 score for each checklist item were assessed using the Fleiss' kappa coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 25 original articles discussing DL applications in rib fracture imaging were identified. Most studies focused on fracture detection (n = 21, 84%). In most of the research papers, internal cross-validation of the dataset was performed (n = 16, 64%), while only six studies (24%) conducted external validation. The mean MAIC-10 score of the 25 studies was 5.63 (SD, 1.84; range 1-8), with the item \"clinical need\" being reported most consistently (100%) and the item \"study design\" being most frequently reported incompletely (94.8%). The average inter-rater agreement for the MAIC-10 score was 0.771.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The MAIC-10 checklist is a valid tool for assessing the quality of AI research in medical imaging with good inter-rater agreement. With regard to rib fracture imaging, items such as \"study design\", \"explainability\", and \"transparency\" were often not comprehensively addressed.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>AI in medical imaging has become increasingly common. Therefore, quality control systems of published literature such as the MAIC-10 checklist are needed to ensure high quality research output.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Quality control systems are needed for research on AI in medical imaging. The MAIC-10 checklist is a valid tool to assess AI in medical imaging research quality. Checklist items such as \"study design\", \"explainability\", and \"transparency\" are frequently addressed incomprehensively.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"173"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335413/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144812003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parental and carer views on the use of AI in imaging for children: a national survey.","authors":"Girija Agarwal, Raimat Korede Salami, Lauren Lee, Helena Martin, Lahvanya Shantharam, Kate Thomas, Emily Ashworth, Emma Allan, Ka-Wai Yung, Cato Pauling, Deidre Leyden, Owen J Arthurs, Susan Cheng Shelmerdine","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02021-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02021-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Although the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is increasing, stakeholder engagement remains poor, particularly relating to understanding parent/carer acceptance of AI tools in paediatric imaging. We explore these perceptions and compare them to the opinions of children and young people (CYAP).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A UK national online survey was conducted, inviting parents, carers and guardians of children to participate. The survey was \"live\" from June 2022 to 2023. The survey included questions asking about respondents' views of AI in general, as well as in specific circumstances (e.g. fractures) with respect to children's healthcare.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred forty-six parents/carers (mean age = 45; range = 21-80) from all four nations of the UK responded. Most respondents (93/146, 64%) believed that AI would be more accurate at interpreting paediatric musculoskeletal radiographs than healthcare professionals, but had a strong preference for human supervision (66%). Whilst male respondents were more likely to believe that AI would be more accurate (55/72, 76%), they were twice as likely as female parents/carers to believe that AI use could result in their child's data falling into the wrong hands. Most respondents would like to be asked permission before AI is used for the interpretation of their child's scans (104/146, 71%). Notably, 79% of parents/carers prioritised accuracy over speed compared to 66% of CYAP.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Parents/carers feel positively about AI for paediatric imaging but strongly discourage autonomous use. Acknowledging the diverse opinions of the patient population is vital in aiding the successful integration of AI for paediatric imaging.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Parents/carers demonstrate a preference for AI use with human supervision that prioritises accuracy, transparency and institutional accountability. AI is welcomed as a supportive tool, but not as a substitute for human expertise.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Parents/carers are accepting of AI use, with human supervision. Over half believe AI would replace doctors/nurses looking at bone X-rays within 5 years. Parents/carers are more likely than CYAP to trust AI's accuracy. Parents/carers are also more sceptical about AI data misuse.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"172"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12335414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144804014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CT and MR in peritoneal malignancies: pearls and pitfalls at preoperative examination.","authors":"Michela Polici, Federica Palmeri, Erica Golia, Emanuela Parri, Guido Gentiloni Silveri, Francesco Puglisi, Domenico De Santis, Marta Zerunian, Francesco Pucciarelli, Tiziano Polidori, Maria Ciolina, Paolo Sammartino, Andrea Laghi, Damiano Caruso","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02060-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02060-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peritoneal malignancies (PM) are defined as the spread of malignant epithelial cells in the peritoneal cavity. Until the recent past, the prognosis was considered extremely poor, and the treatment options had only palliative intent. Currently, new locoregional treatments have radically changed the outcome. CT is pivotal in PM diagnosis, staging, surgical planning, and determining therapeutic decisions. MRI should be evaluated in a preoperative setting for the evaluation of mesentery, serosal, and in any cases of contraindication of CT with contrast medium, while in the restaging clinical setting, it does not have a defined role. In the preoperative clinical setting, imaging could provide the surgeon with specific information concerning disease burden by showing the invasion of vital anatomic structures, and it is therefore essential to describe the feasibility of the surgery. However, recognizing the imaging findings of peritoneal deposits depends mainly on the histology of the primary tumor and the peritoneal spaces, thus rendering knowledge of peritoneal anatomy essential. In addition, some benign pathologies show similar imaging features that overlap with PM, making differential diagnosis difficult. It is still unclear which of the two methods, CT and MRI, is superior in terms of performance, and literature data are often controversial. Thus, the purpose of this review is to provide some practical tips for CT and MRI protocols and imaging findings essential to detect and characterize peritoneal deposits in each anatomical space, and to provide an overview of the main differential diagnosis with other peritoneal conditions. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Peritoneal malignancies should be understood as a heterogeneous pattern of diseases, with variable prognosis and treatment options. CT remains the main imaging method; MRI finds application for involvement of the serosa and mesentery and when contrast-enhanced CT is not feasible. KEY POINTS: CT is the first imaging option to assess peritoneal malignancies and plan surgery; however, they have several limitations, especially in critical regions. MRI could be seen as a supporting imaging approach in a preoperative setting to study serosal, mesentery, and in case of contraindication of CT with contrast medium. Multidisciplinary approach should always be considered in the assessment of peritoneal malignancies due to their heterogeneity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"171"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Positivity rates and subsequent patient dispositions after utilisation of cervical spine imaging referral guidelines in Singapore.","authors":"Yi Xiang Tay, Shane J Foley, Ronan Killeen, Marcus E H Ong, Robert Chun Chen, Lai Peng Chan, Eu Jin Tan, May San Mak, Wenlu Hou, Jonathan P McNulty","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02048-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02048-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study seeks to evaluate the imaging characteristics and patient outcomes from the imaging recommendations of the ACR Appropriateness Criteria (AC), the ESR iGuide, and RCR iRefer.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study evaluated cervical spine X-rays and CTs performed consecutively in a Singapore emergency department (ED) between October 1st and December 31st, 2022. Patient demographics, clinical diagnosis, ED clinical notes, and radiological findings were extracted from the electronic health record and subsequently reviewed to determine the associated imaging recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>452 (mean age, 56 ± 17.3 years, 54.9% female) and 153 (mean age, 52.8 ± 21.4 years, 65.4% male) patients underwent X-ray and CT cervical spine, respectively. According to ACR AC and ESR iGuide, the positivity rate (4.3-7.2%) was the highest for appropriate studies and the lowest (0%) for inappropriate studies. For RCR iRefer, positivity rates (1.1-7.0%) were only observed for imaging classified as \"Indicated only in specific circumstances\". There was a minimal difference in the proportion of patients with radiological findings that were categorised as positive and negative across the recommendations from the three guidelines. Most patients with inappropriate imaging in the X-ray cohort were discharged home or referred to specialists, whereas those in the CT cohort were primarily admitted to the hospital for conditions unrelated to the cervical spine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inappropriate cervical spine imaging was associated with a lack of positive, significant findings. Imaging referral guidelines are specific and can effectively rule out significant pathology when imaging in the ED is not indicated. Clinical practice in the ED must incorporate imaging referral guidelines.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Imaging referral guidelines were effective in excluding a positive finding in traumatic and non-traumatic patients, especially when aligned with evidence-based clinical criteria.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>There are numerous imaging referral guidelines with unique methodologies, but the impact of individual imaging recommendations on imaging characteristics and patient dispositions remains unclear. There is minimal difference in the positivity rates across individual imaging recommendations from all three imaging referral guidelines. Inappropriate cervical spine imaging was associated with a lack of positive, significant findings. Guidelines are still effective in excluding significant pathology when imaging is not indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"170"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12334777/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144798905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pulmonary cysts as a diagnostic indicator of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome in patients with renal neoplasm.","authors":"Amreen Shakur, Grant D Stewart, Timothy J Sadler, Judith L Babar, Anne Y Warren, Stephen Scullion, Abhishekh H Ashok, Sumit Karia, Igor Chipurovski, James Whitworth, Stefan J Marciniak, Eamonn R Maher, Maria Ta Wetscherek","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02053-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02053-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the presence and CT features of pulmonary cysts (PCs) in patients with renal neoplasms (RN) as a hallmark of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Single institution retrospective study of all patients with histological RN between May 2014 and May 2020. Individuals with non-renal neoplasm, nephroblastoma, benign cysts, < 18 years old, or without thoracic CT were excluded. Demographics, history of smoking, pneumothorax and cutaneous fibrofolliculomas/trichodischomas, family history of pneumothorax or RN, and genetic testing were recorded. Number, location, distribution and morphology of PCs were assessed on thoracic CT. Differences between patients with positive (BHD+) and negative (BHD-) genetics were analysed. An independent cohort of 10 BHDS patients was added to calculate the diagnostic accuracy of cyst features.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1475 patients with RN, 127 (8.6%) had PCs; 40 underwent genetic testing (median age 56 [49-68], 28 men), and 6/127 (4.7%) individuals tested positive for BHDS. BHD+ had significantly more and larger cysts, affecting more lobes (p < 0.01). Higher prevalence of PCs with a perivascular (100% vs. 37%; p = 0.01) and interlobular septal location (100% vs. 16%; p < 0.001), and perilymphatic distribution (100% vs. 5%; p < 0.001) was found in BHD+. All BHD+ had elliptical, irregular, and variable shape PCs, compared to a lower prevalence of these in BHD- (p < 0.01). Traversing vein sign was more common in BHD+ (83% vs. 24%; p = 0.01). The highest accuracy was achieved for perilymphatic distribution (97%), followed by irregular shape (94%) and interlobular septal location (91%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Specific CT features of PC in patients with RN can be highly indicative of BHDS.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Radiologists can play a crucial role in the diagnosis of Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) by recognising specific CT features of pulmonary cysts; a diagnosis of BHDS has implications for family testing and timely, life-long screening for renal neoplasm.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome (BHDS) should be considered in patients with renal neoplasms and multiple pulmonary cysts. A lower zone predominant, perilymphatic distribution of pulmonary cysts is a strong indicator of BHDS. Identifying specific CT features of pulmonary cysts can improve recognition of BHDS.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"169"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328879/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foundation models for radiology-the position of the AI for Health Imaging (AI4HI) network.","authors":"José Guilherme de Almeida, Leonor Cerdá Alberich, Gianna Tsakou, Kostas Marias, Manolis Tsiknakis, Karim Lekadir, Luis Marti-Bonmati, Nikolaos Papanikolaou","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02056-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02056-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Foundation models are large models trained on big data which can be used for downstream tasks. In radiology, these models can potentially address several gaps in fairness and generalization, as they can be trained on massive datasets without labelled data and adapted to tasks requiring data with a small number of descriptions. This reduces one of the limiting bottlenecks in clinical model construction-data annotation-as these models can be trained through a variety of techniques that require little more than radiological images with or without their corresponding radiological reports. However, foundation models may be insufficient as they are affected-to a smaller extent when compared with traditional supervised learning approaches-by the same issues that lead to underperforming models, such as a lack of transparency/explainability, and biases. To address these issues, we advocate that the development of foundation models should not only be pursued but also accompanied by the development of a decentralized clinical validation and continuous training framework. This does not guarantee the resolution of the problems associated with foundation models, but it enables developers, clinicians and patients to know when, how and why models should be updated, creating a clinical AI ecosystem that is better capable of serving all stakeholders. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: Foundation models may mitigate issues like bias and poor generalization in radiology AI, but challenges persist. We propose a decentralized, cross-institutional framework for continuous validation and training to enhance model reliability, safety, and clinical utility. KEY POINTS: Foundation models trained on large datasets reduce annotation burdens and improve fairness and generalization in radiology. Despite improvements, they still face challenges like limited transparency, explainability, and residual biases. A decentralized, cross-institutional framework for clinical validation and continuous training can strengthen reliability and inclusivity in clinical AI.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"168"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12328884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144794341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term repeatability and postprandial effect assessment of liver perfusion quantification in healthy subjects using arterial spin labeling MRI.","authors":"Pengling Ren, Xia Ma, Yawen Liu, Jinxia Zhu, Yi Sun, Bernd Kuehn, Zhenghan Yang, Penggang Qiao, Rui Wang, Zhenchang Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02051-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02051-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To assess the stability of liver perfusion quantification using arterial spin labeling MRI (ASL-MRI) in healthy subjects.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The arterial and portal venous liver perfusion were measured with two pseudo-continuous ASL acquisitions at a 3.0-Tesla MRI system. To assess the short-term repeatability of ASL-MRI, twelve healthy subjects underwent three consecutive ASL examinations in the fasting state. Following meal ingestion, the postprandial liver perfusion was measured. Changes in liver perfusion measured by ASL before and after meal ingestion, and their correspondence with portal vein hemodynamic variations assessed by Doppler ultrasonography (US), were analyzed to evaluate the stability of ASL in detecting postprandial perfusion alterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The arterial and portal venous liver perfusions in healthy volunteers under the fasting condition were 59.3 ± 17.8 and 237.6 ± 71.9 mL/100 g/min, respectively. Both the arterial and portal venous liver perfusion results demonstrated excellent short-term repeatability (ICCs, 0.97, 0.96; CVs, 6.43%, 6.17%). Furthermore, Bland-Altman plots indicated a high degree of consistency between every two pairs of the three measurements. Compared to the fasting state, the relative changes in postprandial portal venous perfusion measured by ASL-MRI demonstrated a moderate correlation (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.66) and good agreement (with all data points in the Bland-Altman plot falling within the limits of agreement) with those in portal vein blood flow measured by Doppler US.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASL-MRI enables reliable quantification of liver perfusion in healthy individuals under both constant conditions and altered perfusion state induced by a meal. It holds great promise as a non-invasive tool for diagnosing liver disease.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>The short-term repeatability and postprandial effect of liver perfusion quantification using arterial spin labeling MRI in healthy subjects both exhibited excellent performance, indicating the potential of this technique as a non-invasive tool for diagnosing liver diseases.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Arterial spin labeling (ASL)-MRI enables reliable liver perfusion quantification in healthy individuals. ASL-MRI showed great short-term repeatability for liver perfusion measurement in the fasting state. ASL-MRI and US showed a moderate correlation in measuring postprandial portal venous hemodynamics change.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"167"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12325835/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144788895","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repeatability and prognostic value of radiomic features: a study in esophageal cancer and nasopharyngeal carcinoma.","authors":"Jie Gong, Fan Meng, Changhao Liu, Jianchao Lu, Jie Li, Zhi Yang, Hongfei Sun, Xinzhi Teng, Jiang Zhang, Jing Cai, Mei Shi, Lina Zhao","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02044-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02044-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To investigate whether radiomic features (RFs) repeatability and their prognostic value are study-specific.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 234 esophageal cancer (EC) patients (contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) and fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET)), and 525 nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients (CECT). Tumor, peritumor, and lymph node regions were defined as regions of interest. RF repeatability was assessed via perturbation analysis using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), with consistency and differences across cancer types, pathological regions, and modalities evaluated. The independent prognostic features common to both EC and NPC were screened from highly repeatable features using C-index and redundancy analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CT-based RFs in NPC and PET-based RFs in EC demonstrated significantly higher repeatability compared to CT-based RFs in EC (median ICC: 0.886 vs 0.806; 0.897 vs 0.806; p < 0.05). While CT-based peritumoral features showed comparable repeatability to tumor features in EC (0.824 vs 0.806, p > 0.05), PET-based peritumoral features exhibited significantly lower repeatability than tumor features (0.819 vs 0.897, p < 0.05). CT-based lymph node features demonstrated significantly lower repeatability than tumor features in NPC (0.863 vs 0.886, p < 0.05). Nevertheless, the effects of bin count, feature class, and filter on repeatability demonstrated consistent patterns across different cancer types, imaging modalities, and pathological regions. Moreover, four common independent prognostic features effectively stratified both EC and NPC patients into high- and low-risk groups with significant survival differences (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RF repeatability might be affected by cancer type, pathological region, and imaging modality, while certain features maintain consistent prognostic performance across different cancer types.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>The identification of high-repeatable pan-cancer prognostic radiomics features enables noninvasive patient risk stratification to guide personalized therapy, with cross-cancer consistency enhancing their applicability and convenience in clinical practice, thereby accelerating the integration of radiomics into precision oncology clinical workflows.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>This study examined RF repeatability and prognostic value specificity. RF repeatability varies across cancer types, regions, and modalities. The common highly repeatable RFs advance pan-cancer biomarker precision oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"166"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316612/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transient hepatic intensity differences: correlations with treatment outcomes and adverse events following DEB-TACE in hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Noble Chibuike Opara, Shuwei Zhou, Weilang Wang, Shuhang Zhang, Xunjun Chen, Shenghong Ju, Yuan-Cheng Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-02041-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-02041-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transient hepatic intensity differences (THID) on MRI are commonly observed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients following drug-eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization (DEB-TACE). We evaluated the association between THID, treatment outcomes, and adverse events in HCC patients treated with DEB-TACE.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This retrospective analysis included data from a prospective study conducted with 102 consecutive HCC patients treated with DEB-TACE between December 2017 and December 2020. The chi-square test assessed correlations between THID and adverse events, including biliary injury, intrahepatic metastasis, and portal venous thrombosis. Kaplan-Meier method evaluated overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), with log-rank tests comparing THID complexity (simple vs complex) and severity (mild, moderate, and severe). Logistic regression identified factors associated with THID development.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 102 HCC patients, 74 (72.5%) developed THID after DEB-TACE. Patients with THID had significantly higher rates of biliary injury (47% vs 14.3%, p = 0.002) and intrahepatic metastasis (25.7% vs 7.1%, p = 0.030). Complex THID was associated with worse PFS (p = 0.024). Moderate-to-severe THID had worse OS (p = 0.019) and PFS (p = 0.038). Factors associated with THID development included a higher tumor burden, baseline THID, and Child-Pugh class A.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>THID correlates with an increased risk of biliary injury and intrahepatic metastasis and is associated with worse OS and PFS in HCC patients following DEB-TACE.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>THID development after DEB-TACE correlates with higher incidence of biliary injury, intrahepatic metastasis, and worse OS/PFS, emphasizing its potential as a critical imaging biomarker. This study advances clinical radiology by highlighting THID as an important factor in treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>THID after drug-eluting bead transcatheter arterial chemoembolization correlates with treatment outcomes and adverse events in HCC. THID correlates with higher biliary injury, intrahepatic metastasis, and reduced survival rates. Complex or severe THID correlates with poorer survival in HCC patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"164"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12316659/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144764890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}