Insights into Imaging最新文献

{"title":"CT-based multimodal deep learning for non-invasive overall survival prediction in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma patients treated with immunotherapy.","authors":"Yujia Xia, Jie Zhou, Xiaolei Xun, Jin Zhang, Ting Wei, Ruitian Gao, Bobby Reddy, Chao Liu, Geoffrey Kim, Zhangsheng Yu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01784-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01784-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop a deep learning model combining CT scans and clinical information to predict overall survival in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included immunotherapy-treated advanced HCC patients from 52 multi-national in-house centers between 2018 and 2022. A multi-modal prognostic model using baseline and the first follow-up CT images and 7 clinical variables was proposed. A convolutional-recurrent neural network (CRNN) was developed to extract spatial-temporal information from automatically selected representative 2D CT slices to provide a radiological score, then fused with a Cox-based clinical score to provide the survival risk. The model's effectiveness was assessed using a time-dependent area under the receiver operating curve (AUC), and risk group stratification using the log-rank test. Prognostic performances of multi-modal inputs were compared to models of missing modality, and the size-based RECIST criteria.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two-hundred seven patients (mean age, 61 years ± 12 [SD], 180 men) were included. The multi-modal CRNN model reached the AUC of 0.777 and 0.704 of 1-year overall survival predictions in the validation and test sets. The model achieved significant risk stratification in validation (hazard ratio [HR] = 3.330, p = 0.008), and test sets (HR = 2.024, p = 0.047) based on the median risk score of the training set. Models with missing modalities (the single-modal imaging-based model and the model incorporating only baseline scans) can still achieve favorable risk stratification performance (all p < 0.05, except for one, p = 0.053). Moreover, results proved the superiority of the deep learning-based model to the RECIST criteria.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Deep learning analysis of CT scans and clinical data can offer significant prognostic insights for patients with advanced HCC.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>The established model can help monitor patients' disease statuses and identify those with poor prognosis at the time of first follow-up, helping clinicians make informed treatment decisions, as well as early and timely interventions.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>An AI-based prognostic model was developed for advanced HCC using multi-national patients. The model extracts spatial-temporal information from CT scans and integrates it with clinical variables to prognosticate. The model demonstrated superior prognostic ability compared to the conventional size-based RECIST method.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"214"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11347550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142055493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-layer spectral-detector CT for detecting liver steatosis by using proton density fat fraction as reference.","authors":"Min Wang, Hongyu Chen, Yue Ma, Ruobing Bai, Sizhe Gao, Linlin Yang, Wenli Guo, Cong Zhang, Chengjun Kang, Yu Lan, Yanqiu Sun, Yonggao Zhang, Xigang Xiao, Yang Hou","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01716-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01716-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of liver dual-layer spectral-detector CT (SDCT) derived parameters of liver parenchyma for grading steatosis with reference to magnetic resonance imaging-based proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Altogether, 320 consecutive subjects who underwent MRI-PDFF and liver SDCT examinations were recruited and prospectively enrolled from four Chinese hospital centers. Participants were classified into normal (n = 152), mild steatosis (n = 110), and moderate/severe(mod/sev) steatosis (n = 58) groups based on MRI-PDFF. SDCT liver parameters were evaluated using conventional polychromatic CT images (CT_poly), virtual mono-energetic images at 40 keV (CT_40kev), the slope of the spectral attenuation curve (λ), the effective atomic number (Zeff), and liver to spleen attenuation ratio (L/S ratio). Linearity between SDCT liver parameters and MRI-PDFF was examined using Spearman correlation. Cutoff values for SDCT liver parameters in determining steatosis grades were identified using the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SDCT liver parameters demonstrated a strong correlation with PDFF, particularly Zeff (r_s = -0.856; p < 0.001). Zeff achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.930 for detecting the presence of steatosis with a sensitivity of 89.4%, a specificity of 82.4%, and an AUC of 0.983 for detecting mod/sev steatosis with a sensitivity of 93.1%, a specificity of 93.5%, the corresponding cutoff values were 7.12 and 6.94, respectively. Zeff also exhibited good diagnostic performance for liver steatosis grading in subgroups, independent of body mass index.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SDCT liver parameters, particularly Zeff, exhibit excellent diagnostic accuracy for grading steatosis.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Dual-layer SDCT parameter, Zeff, as a more convenient and accurate imaging biomarker may serve as an alternative indicator for MRI-based proton density fat fraction, exploring the stage and prognosis of liver steatosis, and even metabolic risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Liver biopsy is the standard for grading liver steatosis, but is limited by its invasive nature. The diagnostic performance of liver steatosis using SDCT-Zeff outperforms conventional CT parameters. SDCT-Zeff accurately and noninvasively assessed the grade of liver steatosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"210"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11327236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends and hotspots of energy-based imaging in thoracic disease: a bibliometric analysis.","authors":"Yufan Chen, Ting Wu, Yangtong Zhu, Jiawei Chen, Chen Gao, Linyu Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01788-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01788-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To conduct a bibliometric analysis of the prospects and obstacles associated with dual- and multi-energy CT in thoracic disease, emphasizing its current standing, advantages, and areas requiring attention.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Web of Science Core Collection was queried for relevant publications in dual- and multi-energy CT and thoracic applications without a limit on publication date or language. The Bibliometrix packages, VOSviewer, and CiteSpace were used for data analysis. Bibliometric techniques utilized were co-authorship analyses, trend topics, thematic map analyses, thematic evolution analyses, source's production over time, corresponding author's countries, and a treemap of authors' keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1992 publications and 7200 authors from 313 different sources were examined in this study. The first available document was published in November 1982, and the most cited article was cited 1200 times. Siemens AG in Germany emerged as the most prominent author affiliation, with a total of 221 published articles. The most represented scientific journals were the \"European Radiology\" (181 articles, h-index = 46), followed by the \"European Journal of Radiology\" (148 articles, h-index = 34). Most of the papers were from Germany, the USA, or China. Both the keyword and topic analyses showed the history of dual- and multi-energy CT and the evolution of its application hotspots in the chest.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study illustrates the latest advances in dual- and multi-energy CT and its increasingly prominent applications in the chest, especially in lung parenchymal diseases and coronary artery diseases. Photon-counting CT and artificial intelligence will be the emerging hot technologies that continue to develop in the future.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>This study aims to provide valuable insights into energy-based imaging in chest disease, validating the clinical application of multi-energy CT together with photon-counting CT and effectively increasing utilization in clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Bibliometric analysis is fundamental to understanding the current and future state of dual- and multi-energy CT. Research trends and leading topics included coronary artery disease, pulmonary embolism, and radiation dose. All analyses indicate a growing interest in the use of energy-based imaging techniques for thoracic applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324624/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound elastography of back muscle biomechanical properties: a systematic review and meta-analysis of current methods.","authors":"Mercedes David, Karine Devantéry, Bénédicte Nauche, Miguel Chagnon, Mark Keezer, Nathaly Gaudreault, Nathalie J Bureau, Guy Cloutier","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01785-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01785-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To report the current elastography methods used to quantify back muscles' biomechanical characteristics in patients with musculoskeletal disorders (MSKd) and inform on their reliability, validity, and responsiveness.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane library and grey literature were consulted. Predefined criteria allowed for study selection and data extraction. The quality of evidence was rated using the COSMIN tool. Data were meta-analyzed in terms of pooled intraclass correlation coefficient (pICC) for reliability and pooled standardized mean difference (pSMD) for validity and responsiveness. Heterogeneity was assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seventy-nine studies were included in the meta-analysis (total number of participants N = 3178). Three elastography methods were identified: strain imaging (SI; number of cohorts M = 26), shear wave imaging (SWI; M = 50), and vibration sonoelastography (VSE; M = 3). Strain imaging and SWI studies reported good reliability measurement properties (pICC > 0.70) and a medium pSMD (0.58 for SI and 0.60 for SWI; p ≤ 0.020) in discriminating MSKd from controls' condition (validity). Strain imaging studies reported a medium pSMD (0.64; p = 0.005) in detecting within-group changes over time, whereas SWI pSMD was very high (1.24; p = 0.005). Only SWI reported significant but small pSMD (0.30; p = 0.003) in detecting between-group changes over time. The small number of VSE studies could not be meta-analyzed. Heterogeneity was high (I-squared > 90%; p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elastography presents good reliability results and a medium pSMD in discriminating MSKd from control conditions. Responsiveness data suggest detectable changes within groups over time using SI and SWI, calling for long-term longitudinal studies. Assessing changes between groups over time using elastography still needs to be proven. Highly significant heterogeneity limits meta-analytic results.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>While still in its early-stage exploration phase, musculoskeletal ultrasound elastography may reliably quantify back muscles' biomechanics in asymptomatic individuals, moderately discriminate back musculoskeletal disorders and detect biomechanical changes over time in these conditions, calling for long-term longitudinal studies.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Ultrasound elastography is reviewed for back pain and related musculoskeletal disorder assessments. Growing literature supports good reproducibility, some validity and responsiveness. Back muscle elastography considers assumptions calling for standardized protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"206"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standards for conducting and reporting consensus and recommendation documents: European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology policy from the Guidelines Committee.","authors":"Amalia Lupi, Dominika Suchá, Giulia Cundari, Nicola Fink, Hatem Alkadhi, Ricardo P J Budde, Federico Caobelli, Carlo N De Cecco, Nicola Galea, Maja Hrabak-Paar, Christian Loewe, Julian Luetkens, Giuseppe Muscogiuri, Luigi Natale, Konstantin Nikolaou, Maja Pirnat, Luca Saba, Rodrigo Salgado, Michelle C Williams, Bernd J Wintersperger, Rozemarijn Vliegenthart, Marco Francone, Alessia Pepe","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01755-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01755-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cardiovascular imaging is exponentially increasing in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic management of patients with cardiovascular disease. The European Society of Cardiovascular Radiology (ESCR) is a non-profit scientific medical society dedicated to promoting and coordinating activities in cardiovascular imaging. The purpose of this paper, written by ESCR committees and Executive board members and approved by the ESCR Executive Board and Guidelines committee, is to codify a standardized approach to creating ESCR scientific documents. Indeed, consensus development methods must be adopted to ensure transparent decision-making that optimizes national and global health and reaches a certain scientific credibility. ESCR consensus documents developed based on a rigorous methodology will improve their scientific impact on the management of patients with cardiac involvement. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: This document aims to codify the methodology for producing consensus documents of the ESCR. These ESCR indications will broaden the scientific quality and credibility of further publications and, consequently, the impact on the diagnostic management of patients with cardiac involvement. KEY POINTS: Cardiovascular imaging is exponentially increasing for diagnosis, risk stratification, and therapeutic management. The ESCR is committed to promoting cardiovascular imaging. A rigorous methodology for ESCR consensus documents will improve their scientific impact.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"207"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of coronary computed tomography angiography and functional testing for the diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease: results from the individual patient data Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Cardiac CT (COME-CCT).","authors":"Peter Schlattmann, Viktoria Wieske, Keno K Bressem, Theresa Götz, Georg M Schuetz, Daniele Andreini, Gianluca Pontone, Hatem Alkadhi, Jörg Hausleiter, Elke Zimmermann, Bernhard Gerber, Abbas A Shabestari, Matthijs F L Meijs, Akira Sato, Kristian A Øvrehus, Shona M M Jenkins, Juhani Knuuti, Ashraf Hamdan, Bjørn A Halvorsen, Vladimir Mendoza-Rodriguez, Johannes Rixe, Yung-Liang Wan, Christoph Langer, Sebastian Leschka, Eugenio Martuscelli, Said Ghostine, Jean-Claude Tardif, Alejandra Rodríguez Sánchez, Robert Haase, Marc Dewey","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01702-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01702-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To determine the effectiveness of functional stress testing and computed tomography angiography (CTA) for diagnosis of obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Two-thousand nine-hundred twenty symptomatic stable chest pain patients were included in the international Collaborative Meta-Analysis of Cardiac CT consortium to compare CTA with exercise electrocardiography (exercise-ECG) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for diagnosis of CAD defined as ≥ 50% diameter stenosis by invasive coronary angiography (ICA) as reference standard. Generalised linear mixed models were used for calculating the diagnostic accuracy of each diagnostic test including non-diagnostic results as dependent variables in a logistic regression model with random intercepts and slopes. Covariates were the reference standard ICA, the type of diagnostic method, and their interactions. CTA showed significantly better diagnostic performance (p < 0.0001) with a sensitivity of 94.6% (95% CI 92.7-96) and a specificity of 76.3% (72.2-80) compared to exercise-ECG with 54.9% (47.9-61.7) and 60.9% (53.4-66.3), SPECT with 72.9% (65-79.6) and 44.9% (36.8-53.4), respectively. The positive predictive value of CTA was ≥ 50% in patients with a clinical pretest probability of 10% or more while this was the case for ECG and SPECT at pretest probabilities of ≥ 40 and 28%. CTA reliably excluded obstructive CAD with a post-test probability of below 15% in patients with a pretest probability of up to 74%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with stable chest pain, CTA is more effective than functional testing for the diagnosis as well as for reliable exclusion of obstructive CAD. CTA should become widely adopted in patients with intermediate pretest probability.</p><p><strong>Systematic review registration: </strong>PROSPERO Database for Systematic Reviews-CRD42012002780.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>In symptomatic stable chest pain patients, coronary CTA is more effective than functional testing for diagnosis and reliable exclusion of obstructive CAD in intermediate pretest probability of CAD.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Coronary computed tomography angiography showed significantly better diagnostic performance (p < 0.0001) for diagnosis of coronary artery disease compared to exercise-ECG and SPECT. The positive predictive value of coronary computed tomography angiography was ≥ 50% in patients with a clinical pretest probability of at least 10%, for ECG ≥ 40%, and for SPECT 28%. Coronary computed tomography angiography reliably excluded obstructive coronary artery disease with a post-test probability of below 15% in patients with a pretest probability of up to 74%.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"208"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training on contrast-enhanced ultrasound LI-RADS classification for resident radiologists: a retrospective comparison of performance after training.","authors":"Ting Dai, Hongjing Zhu, Meng Qiao, Yuxuan Song, Yu Sun, Xia Meng, Zhixia Sun","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01786-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01786-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate the effects and benefits of training radiology residents on contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) according to the Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (LI-RADS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In total, 234 patients at high risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who underwent CEUS were enrolled, including 27 lesions in the education set and 207 lesions in the test sets (a-d). Forty-five radiology residents and 4 radiology experts involved in CEUS LI-RADS training individually reviewed the test sets before, immediately after, and 3-months after training. The consistency with kappa values of the description of CEUS features, the classification of focal liver lesions (FLLs), and the diagnostic performance were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The level of agreement between the radiology experts and residents improved after training (all p < 0.05), while there were no significant differences between the post-training and 3-months post-training results (all p > 0.05). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and area under the curve (AUC) based on the CEUS LI-RADS classification of the radiology experts in the diagnosis of HCC were 62.9%, 96.4%, 96.3%, and 0.796, respectively. The diagnostic performance of the radiology residents significantly improved after training (all p < 0.05). Misunderstanding of definitions and subjective interpretation of images were the main reasons for disagreement with multiple responses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Dedicated CEUS LI-RADS training improved the performance of radiology residents in diagnosing FLLs and their agreement with radiology experts on CEUS features. Images and videos to explain typical features of the training were essential to improve agreement between the radiology experts and residents.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Agreement on lesion descriptors between radiology experts and residents can improve with training.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>The diagnostic performance of less experienced radiologists for diagnosing HCC could be improved by training. Images and videos to explain typical features during training were essential. Agreement on lesion descriptors between radiology experts and residents improved after training.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"205"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11324635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141982251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based pseudo-CT synthesis from zero echo time MR sequences of the pelvis.","authors":"Jonas M Getzmann, Eva Deininger-Czermak, Savvas Melissanidis, Falko Ensle, Sandeep S Kaushik, Florian Wiesinger, Cristina Cozzini, Luca M Sconfienza, Roman Guggenberger","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01751-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01751-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To generate pseudo-CT (pCT) images of the pelvis from zero echo time (ZTE) MR sequences and compare them to conventional CT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Ninety-one patients were prospectively scanned with CT and MRI including ZTE sequences of the pelvis. Eleven ZTE image volumes were excluded due to implants and severe B1 field inhomogeneity. Out of the 80 data sets, 60 were used to train and update a deep learning (DL) model for pCT image synthesis from ZTE sequences while the remaining 20 cases were selected as an evaluation cohort. CT and pCT images were assessed qualitatively and quantitatively by two readers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean pCT ratings of qualitative parameters were good to perfect (2-3 on a 4-point scale). Overall intermodality agreement between CT and pCT was good (ICC = 0.88 (95% CI: 0.85-0.90); p < 0.001) with excellent interreader agreements for pCT (ICC = 0.91 (95% CI: 0.88-0.93); p < 0.001). Most geometrical measurements did not show any significant difference between CT and pCT measurements (p > 0.05) with the exception of transverse pelvic diameter measurements and lateral center-edge angle measurements (p = 0.001 and p = 0.002, respectively). Image quality and tissue differentiation in CT and pCT were similar without significant differences between CT and pCT CNRs (all p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using a DL-based algorithm, it is possible to synthesize pCT images of the pelvis from ZTE sequences. The pCT images showed high bone depiction quality and accurate geometrical measurements compared to conventional CT. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: pCT images generated from MR sequences allow for high accuracy in evaluating bone without the need for radiation exposure. Radiological applications are broad and include assessment of inflammatory and degenerative bone disease or preoperative planning studies.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>pCT, based on DL-reconstructed ZTE MR images, may be comparable with true CT images. Overall, the intermodality agreement between CT and pCT was good with excellent interreader agreements for pCT. Geometrical measurements and tissue differentiation were similar in CT and pCT images.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"202"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Performance of dual-layer spectrum CT virtual monoenergetic images to assess early rectal adenocarcinoma T-stage: comparison with MR.","authors":"Ziqi Jia, Lei Guo, WenJing Yuan, JianHao Dai, JianYe Lu, ZhiQiang Li, Xiaohua Du, Weicui Chen, Xian Liu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01772-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01772-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"T1 relaxation: Chemo-physical fundamentals of magnetic resonance imaging and clinical applications.","authors":"Michele Gaeta, Karol Galletta, Marco Cavallaro, Enricomaria Mormina, Maria Teresa Cannizzaro, Ludovica Rosa Maria Lanzafame, Tommaso D'Angelo, Alfredo Blandino, Sergio Lucio Vinci, Francesca Granata","doi":"10.1186/s13244-024-01744-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-024-01744-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A knowledge of the complex phenomena that regulate T1 signal on Magnetic Resonance Imaging is essential in clinical practice for a more effective characterization of pathological processes. The authors review the physical basis of T1 Relaxation Time and the fundamental aspects of physics and chemistry that can influence this parameter. The main substances (water, fat, macromolecules, methemoglobin, melanin, Gadolinium, calcium) that influence T1 and the different MRI acquisition techniques that can be applied to enhance their presence in diagnostic images are then evaluated. An extensive case illustration of the different phenomena and techniques in the areas of CNS, abdomino-pelvic, and osteoarticular pathology is also proposed. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: T1 relaxation time is strongly influenced by numerous factors related to tissue characteristics and the presence in the context of the lesions of some specific substances. An examination of these phenomena with extensive MRI exemplification is reported. KEY POINTS: The purpose of the paper is to illustrate the chemical-physical basis of T1 Relaxation Time. MRI methods in accordance with the various clinical indications are listed. Several examples of clinical application in abdominopelvic and CNS pathology are reported.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"15 1","pages":"200"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11315875/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141906569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}