Insights into Imaging最新文献

{"title":"Spectrum of neuropathic skeletal injuries in children: a pictorial essay.","authors":"Maria Chiara Bonanno, Aurélie O'Keane, Pierre Mary, Anca Tanase, Marianne Alison, Eléonore Blondiaux, Hubert Ducou le Pointe, François Chalard","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01920-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01920-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropathic skeletal injuries in children are common manifestations of conditions associated with sensory impairment. The underlying aetiologies may be rare entities such as congenital insensitivity to pain or more prevalent disorders such as spinal dysraphisms. While the imaging manifestations of such injuries have been described in adults, the paediatric literature is sparse, primarily comprising case reports and case series with insufficient imaging data. Characteristic imaging findings in patients with neuropathic skeletal injuries include neuropathic arthropathy, avascular necrosis, joint dislocation, repeated fractures with exuberant callus formation, epiphyseal separation, and acro-osteolysis. Conventional radiography, MRI, and CT all contribute to the comprehensive assessment of paediatric neuropathic lesions. This pictorial essay illustrates the spectrum of imaging findings in children with neuropathic skeletal injuries of varying aetiologies as well as their natural evolution and treatment. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: This essay addresses a critical gap in the literature on paediatric neuropathic skeletal injuries, providing a detailed overview of their imaging manifestations, natural progression, and relevant treatment strategies, through contemporary imaging techniques such as radiography, MRI, and CT. KEY POINTS: Unrecognised neuropathic skeletal injuries cause progressive permanent deformities, impacting quality of life. Suspect neuropathic arthropathy in children with sensory loss presenting with painless inflamed joints. Neuropathic injuries may be mistaken for osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, or other disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"54"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imaging diagnosis of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis.","authors":"Xiaoyan Zhang, Li Ma, Mengsu Xiao, Jing Qin, Mengyuan Zhou, Hong Yang, Wei Liu, Lin Cong, Weixun Zhou, Gechong Ruan, Jingjuan Liu, Guannan Zhang, Wenbo Li, Qingli Zhu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01931-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01931-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to summarize the intestinal ultrasound (IUS) and computed tomography enterography (CTE) features of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE) and compare the performance of IUS and CTE in the evaluation of CMUSE in a single tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Clinically or pathologically confirmed CMUSE patients between December 2009 and April 2023 were recruited. Imaging features of CMUSE patients who underwent both IUS and CTE were summarized retrospectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-nine patients were included. All patients were found to have ileum involvement, with the majority (96.6%, 28/29) showing superficial ulcers and stenosis at endoscopy. Nineteen patients who underwent both IUS and CTE during the same period were identified for image review. Intestinal lesions were present in 19 patients (100%) both on IUS and CTE. IUS features of CMUSE included minimal to moderate thickened small bowel wall with over half of the patients presenting with hypoechogenicity and vague stratification, over one-third of patients exhibiting proximal bowel dilation and increased bowel wall vascularity in most patients; on CTE, it presented as slight to moderate thickened bowel wall with mural enhancement, multiple short circumferential strictures and mild proximal bowel dilation in most patients. There was no statistically significant difference between IUS and CTE in detecting lesions (19/19 vs. 19/19), bowel wall thickening, bowel strictures (p = 0.727), and bowel wall vascularity (p = 0.375).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IUS features of CMUSE were comparable with CTE in detecting lesions, bowel wall thickening, strictures and bowel wall vascularity, suggesting that IUS could serve as a radiation-free imaging modality for the diagnosis and surveillance of CMUSE.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>This pathology is relevant for gastroenterologists, radiologists, and the medical community, as well as for patients with small bowel disorders. Intestinal ultrasound could be of value and serve as a radiation-free imaging modality in assessing cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous stenosing enteritis (CMUSE).</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>More data are needed to characterize the intestinal ultrasound (IUS) findings of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerating stenosing enteritis (CMUSE). IUS features of CMUSE manifested as thickened bowel wall, with more than half of the patients presenting with hypoechogenicity with vague stratification. Computed tomography enterography (CTE) features of CMUSE included bowel wall thickening with mural enhancement, multiple short circumferential strictures, and mild small intestine dilation. IUS and CTE were comparable in detecting lesions, bowel wall thickening, bowel strictures, and bowel wall vascularity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"55"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889280/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143585734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MRI evaluation of Pacinian corpuscle number and distribution in the forefoot in diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy.","authors":"Sophia S Goller, Georg C Feuerriegel, Adrian A Marth, Christoph Germann, Martin Schubert, Michèle Hubli, Felix W A Waibel, Reto Sutter","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01932-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01932-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate Pacinian corpuscles (PC) in the forefoot of patients with type 2 diabetes-derived sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) with MRI.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This single-center study compared 20 DSP patients who underwent clinical forefoot 3-T MRI to healthy volunteers matched for age and gender. Two radiologists independently assessed the number and distribution of PC. In addition, one radiologist determined PC size. Correlations between PC number, duration of diabetes, and Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In DSP patients, the number of PC in the forefoot was significantly reduced compared to healthy volunteers (82.7 ± 46.1 vs. 265.3 ± 49.3, p < 0.001). In contrast to the typical \"chain-like\" pattern of PC in healthy volunteers, their arrangement was heterogeneous in DSP patients and showed a more isolated \"spot-like\" pattern. Volunteers exhibited the highest PC number along the proximal phalanges, followed by the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints, while in patients, no such predominance was found. In DSP patients, the maximum diameter of PC was 3 mm (range 1-3 mm) compared to 5 mm (1-5 mm) in healthy volunteers. In patients, the mean duration of diabetes was 234.8 ± 130.4 months, and the mean HbA1c was 7.6 ± 1.1%. There was no significant correlation between PC number, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DSP patients had threefold lower PC numbers in the forefoot and exhibited a \"spot-like\" PC distribution pattern rather than the typical \"chain-like\" pattern observed in healthy volunteers. The exact depiction of PC and their distribution in the forefoot opens up the possibility of using MRI as a noninvasive diagnostic tool to assess DSP.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>MRI may serve as a noninvasive diagnostic tool for assessing patients with diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy as it allows for evaluating Pacinian corpuscle number and distribution in the forefoot.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>DSP patients showed three times lower forefoot PC numbers than healthy volunteers. PC distribution was altered in DSP patients and termed a \"spot-like\" pattern. Reduced PC (n < 9 along each MTP joint II-V) might be suspicious for DSP.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889331/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Critical dialogue: recent advancements toward omission of axillary lymph node dissection in clinically node positive breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemo-immuno therapy: impact on radiology practice.","authors":"Florien J G van Amstel, Janine M Simons, Vivianne C G Tjan-Heijnen, Marjolein L Smidt, Thiemo J A van Nijnatten","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01912-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01912-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"51"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885185/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143572817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Threshold size criterion to suspect malignant supraclavicular lymph node < 10 mm in esophageal cancer.","authors":"Yue Huang, Jingsai Du, Qian Li, Tiantian Fan, Zhaoqi Wang, Funing Chu, Jing Li, Bing Li, Xiong Yang, Renzhi Zhang, Ihab R Kamel, Yang Zhou, Zhen Li, Jinrong Qu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01929-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01929-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine the threshold size for predicting metastasis of supraclavicular lymph nodes (SCLNs) < 10 mm on axial and multiplanar reconstruction CT in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, multicenter study received approval from three institutional review boards, which waived informed consent. Patients with ESCC had ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (US-FNAB) for SCLNs, with contrast-enhanced CT performed within 2 weeks prior to US-FNAB. A CT and ultrasound radiologist jointly analyzed images to identify and mark biopsied SCLNs < 10 mm on CT, followed by two blinded radiologists who independently measured short-axis diameter (SAD), long-axis diameter (LAD), short diameter of multiplanar reconstruction (SD-MPR), long diameter of multiplanar reconstruction (LD-MPR) and the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was analyzed. Center 1 included 220 SCLNs as the training set, and Centers 2 + 3 included 75 SCLNs as the validation set. The optimal cutoff value was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the training and validation sets, 31.8% (70/220) and 32.0% (24/75) of SCLNs were positive. ICC for SAD was excellent (ICC = 0.847). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of SAD was 0.832 in the training set, higher than others, with a cutoff value of > 6 mm, resulting in sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, accuracy of 77.1%, 80.7%, 65.0%, 88.3%, 79.1%, respectively. In the validation set, these metrics were 87.5%, 74.5%, 61.8%, 92.7%, 81.0%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SAD on CT can suspect metastasis of SCLN < 10 mm in ESCC patients, with a threshold size of > 6 mm.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance statement: </strong>Determining the threshold size criterion on CT images may enhance the prediction of supraclavicular lymph node metastasis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients, thereby benefiting diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>Supraclavicular lymph nodes < 10 mm in esophageal carcinoma are indeterminate for malignancy. Supraclavicular lymph nodes > 6 mm are highly suspicious for malignancy. The metastasis status of supraclavicular lymph nodes is critical for staging esophageal carcinoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883069/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143567134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's perspectives on ultrasound as primary imaging modality for focal breast complaints: a qualitative study.","authors":"Carmen C N Siebers, Linda Appelman, Mette Palm, Linda Rainey, Mireille J M Broeders, Ritse M Mann","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01928-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01928-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The breast ultrasound trial (BUST) demonstrates a high negative predictive value of ultrasound for women presenting with focal breast complaints, suggesting a potential shift from mammography/digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) to ultrasound as a primary imaging modality. This BUST side-study explored women's perspectives on adopting ultrasound as the primary diagnostic tool.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-nine female BUST participants (mean age = 48.4, SD = 8.3) with benign findings after diagnostic evaluation participated in one of six focus group interviews 18-24 months post-imaging. Discussions were transcribed and analyzed thematically.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Four overarching themes were identified; personal health situation, organization of breast care, effectiveness of imaging, and professionals' attitudes and roles. Participants considered their own health history and complaint type (personal health situation) and discussed eligibility for national screening programs and the costs of both exams (organization of breast care). Opinions varied on the effectiveness of imaging, particularly regarding the importance of detecting additional non-symptomatic findings with mammography/DBT that may be missed by ultrasound. Concerns were also raised about implementing research findings without conclusive scientific evidence. Health professionals' attitudes and roles encompassed the influence of GPs' and radiologists' attitudes and the process of image interpretation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings reveal diverse attitudes of women towards ultrasound as a primary modality, warranting caution when transitioning to new clinical standards. Providing comprehensive information about the evidence on the benefits and risks of different imaging modalities is essential, and fostering shared decision-making could enhance acceptance. Offering women the choice of additional imaging, such as mammography/DBT after an initial ultrasound, may balance clinical performance with patient autonomy.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>Patients' perspectives on medical procedures are increasingly significant in modern healthcare. Women's perceived barriers and facilitators to diagnostic imaging, shaped by numerous factors, offer healthcare professionals insights beyond pure biomedical approaches, fostering shared decision-making within radiology and other clinical contexts.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>This study explores women's perspectives on breast ultrasound as a primary imaging modality. Attitudes towards an ultrasound-first approach are shaped by internal and external considerations. Considerations are highly informed by emotional responses and lack of knowledge. Insights into women's perspectives inform healthcare professionals and foster shared decision-making within radiology.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"49"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865384/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative prediction of the Lauren classification in gastric cancer using automated nnU-Net and radiomics: a multicenter study.","authors":"Bo Cao, Jun Hu, Haige Li, Xuebing Liu, Chang Rong, Shuai Li, Xue He, Xiaomin Zheng, Kaicai Liu, Chuanbin Wang, Wei Guo, Xingwang Wu","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01923-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01923-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To develop and validate a deep learning model based on nnU-Net combined with radiomics to achieve autosegmentation of gastric cancer (GC) and preoperative prediction via the Lauren classification.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with a pathological diagnosis of GC were retrospectively enrolled in three medical centers. The nnU-Net autosegmentation model was developed using manually segmented datasets and evaluated by the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC). The CT images were processed by the nnU-Net model to obtain autosegmentation results and extract radiomic features. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method selects optimal features for calculating the Radscore and constructing a radiomic model. Clinical characteristics and the Radscore were integrated to construct a combined model. Model performance was evaluated via the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 433 GC patients were divided into the training set, internal validation set, external test set-1, and external test set-2. The nnU-Net model achieved a DSC of 0.79 in the test set. The areas under the curve (AUCs) of the internal validation set, external test set-1, and external test set-2 were 0.84, 0.83, and 0.81, respectively, for the radiomic model; and 0.81, 0.81, and 0.82, respectively, for the combined model. The AUCs of the radiomic and combined models showed no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05). The radiomic model was selected as the optimal model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The nnU-Net model can efficiently and accurately achieve automatic segmentation of GCs. The radiomic model can preoperatively predict the Lauren classification of GC with high accuracy.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>This study highlights the potential of nnU-Net combined with radiomics to noninvasively predict the Lauren classification in gastric cancer patients, enhancing personalized treatment strategies and improving patient management.</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>The Lauren classification influences gastric cancer treatment and prognosis. The nnU-Net model reduces doctors' manual segmentation errors and workload. Radiomics models aid in preoperative Lauren classification prediction for patients with gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"48"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11861772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143500139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Empowering cancer research in Europe: the EUCAIM cancer imaging infrastructure.","authors":"Luis Martí-Bonmatí, Ignacio Blanquer, Manolis Tsiknakis, Gianna Tsakou, Ricard Martinez, Salvador Capella-Gutierrez, Sara Zullino, Janos Meszaros, Esther E Bron, Jose Luis Gelpi, Katrine Riklund, Linda Chaabane, Heinz-Peter Schlemmer, Mario Aznar, Patricia Serrano Candelas, Peter Gordebeke, Monika Hierath","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01913-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01913-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Artificial intelligence (AI) is a powerful technology with the potential to disrupt cancer detection, diagnosis and treatment. However, the development of new AI algorithms requires access to large and complex real-world datasets. Although such datasets are constantly being generated, access to them is limited by data fragmentation across numerous repositories and sites, heterogeneity, lack of annotations, and potential privacy issues. The European Cancer Imaging Initiative is a flagship of Europe's Beating Cancer Plan, aiming to unlock the power of AI for cancer patients, clinicians, and researchers by establishing a federated European infrastructure for cancer images through the EU-funded EUropean Federation for CAncer IMages (EUCAIM) project. This infrastructure, called Cancer Image Europe, builds on the AI for Health Imaging network (AI4HI), established European Research Infrastructures (Euro-BioImaging, BBMRI-ERIC, EATRIS, ECRIN, and ELIXIR), and numerous related partners providing access to research tools, images, and related clinical, pathology and molecular data. The infrastructure targets clinicians, researchers, and innovators by providing the means to develop and validate data-intensive AI-based and other IT-enabled clinical decision-making systems supporting precision medicine. Common data models, including a linking hyperontology, quality standards, compliance with the FAIR (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability and Reusability) principles, data annotation, curation and anonymization services are provided to ensure data quality and interoperability, consistency and privacy. In summer 2024, the EUCAIM project released the first prototype of an EU-wide infrastructure, with a comprehensive dashboard integrating applications for dataset discovery, federated search, data access request, metadata harvesting, annotation, secure processing environments and federated processing. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: EUCAIM's federated infrastructure for cancer image data advances medical research and related AI development in Europe. It addresses the current fragmentation and heterogeneity of data repositories is legally compliant, and facilitates collaboration among clinicians, researchers, and innovators. KEY POINTS: AI solutions to advance cancer care rely on large, high-quality real-world datasets. EUCAIM's federated infrastructure for cancer image data empowers cancer research in Europe. It provides access to research tools, images, and related clinical, pathology and molecular data.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"47"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11850660/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143483064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hereditary multiple exostoses: an educational review.","authors":"Alvaro Rueda-de-Eusebio, Sara Gomez-Pena, María José Moreno-Casado, Gloria Marquina, Juan Arrazola, Ana María Crespo-Rodríguez","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01899-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01899-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), an autosomal dominant disorder with an incidence of 1:50,000 to 1:100,000, is characterised by the formation of multiple osteochondromas arising from the metaphyses of long and flat bones. These osteochondromas often present as painless palpable lumps, though some cases are symptomatic due to mechanical compression or bursitis. Diagnosis of HME is typically clinical and radiological. WHO diagnostic criteria include ≥ 2 radiological osteochondromas in the juxta-epiphyseal region of the long bones. Genetic testing is reserved for ambiguous cases. HME is associated with mutations in the EXT-1 (exostosin-1) and EXT-2 (exostosin-2) genes. Imaging techniques, including conventional radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and nuclear medicine, play a crucial role in diagnosing and assessing HME, with each modality offering distinct advantages in visualising the lesions and associated complications. Common complications include skeletal deformities, fractures, bursitis, as well as neural and vascular abnormalities. Notably, there is a 10% risk of malignant transformation into secondary chondrosarcoma in HME patients, compared to only a 1% risk in those with solitary osteochondromas. Malignant transformation should be suspected in patients with new-onset pain or specific imaging features in an osteochondroma, such as growth of de cartilaginous cap. In these cases, an MRI should be performed to assess the cartilage cap thickness. Advances in imaging techniques and genetic understanding have improved the management and prognosis of HME. Follow-up is essential to rule out malignant transformation. This review summarises current knowledge on the clinical presentation, pathogenesis, imaging characteristics, complications, and treatment of HME. CRITICAL RELEVANCE STATEMENT: HME is a disorder characterised by the formation of osteochondromas arising from long and flat bones. Multi-modality imaging characteristics, clinical presentation, complications, and treatment are highlighted to familiarise the readers with this entity and offer optimal patient care. KEY POINTS: HME is characterised by multiple osteochondromas on long and flat bones. Imaging for HME includes radiography, CT, MRI, ultrasound, and nuclear medicine studies. Complications include non-malignant complications, such as bone deformities and malignant transformation. Cartilage-cap measurement with MRI or US is key to exclude malignancy. Follow-up is essential to rule out malignant transformation of the osteochondromas.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11845651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143467981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiofrequency ablation for peribiliary hepatocellular carcinoma: propensity score matching analysis.","authors":"Jin Cui, Xinzi Sui, Kaiwen Liu, Min Huang, Yuanwen Zheng, Xinya Zhao, Gongzheng Wang, Ximing Wang","doi":"10.1186/s13244-025-01919-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13244-025-01919-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>At present, there are no established clinical guidelines for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of peribiliary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the long-term outcomes of RFA for peribiliary vs. non-peribiliary HCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 282 patients with peribiliary HCC (n = 109) or non-peribiliary HCC (n = 173) who received RFA between February 2013 and May 2021. Local tumor progression (LTP), overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), and complications were compared before and after propensity score matching (PSM).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Before PSM, there were no significant differences in 5-year LTP rates (26.3% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.602), OS rates (56.6% vs. 68.0%, p = 0.586), or DFS rates (22.9% vs. 25.7%, p = 0.239) between the peribiliary and non-peribiliary groups. After PSM, there were no significant differences in the 1-, 3-, and 5-year LTP rates (13.0%, 23.1%, and 26.3% vs. 12.1%, 25.1%, and 28.2%, respectively, p = 0.857), OS rates (97.2%, 73.5%, and 56.6% vs. 95.3%, 79.5%, and 70.6%, p = 0.727), or DFS rates (59.4%, 29.4%, and 22.9% vs. 64.2%, 33.1%, and 23.8%, p = 0.568) between the peribiliary non-peribiliary groups. Peribiliary location was not a significant prognostic factor for LTP (p = 0.622) or OS (p = 0.587). In addition, mild intrahepatic bile duct dilatation was more frequent in the peribiliary group (9.2% vs. 2.8%, p = 0.045).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Long-term outcomes of RFA were similar for peribiliary and non-peribiliary HCC. RFA is a viable alternative for treatment of peribiliary HCC.</p><p><strong>Critical relevance statement: </strong>The local tumor progression (LTP), overall survival (OS), and disease-free survival (DFS) rates after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) were similar for peribiliary and non-peribiliary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).</p><p><strong>Key points: </strong>There are currently no clinical guidelines for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of peribiliary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Local tumor progression, overall survival, and disease-free survival after RFA were similar for peribiliary and non-peribiliary HCC. RFA is a viable alternative for the treatment of peribiliary HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13639,"journal":{"name":"Insights into Imaging","volume":"16 1","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11839967/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}