Infection最新文献

{"title":"Post-COVID-19-pandemic changes and clinical characteristics of invasive group a streptococcal infections from 2015 to 2023.","authors":"Markos K Tomidis Chatzimanouil, Susann Rößler, Dennis Nurjadi, Isidoros Iakovidis, Reinhard Berner, Nicole Toepfner, The Dresden G A S Study Group Stefan Richard Bornstein, Roland Aschoff, Martin Bornhäuser, Andreas Güldner, Florian Gunzer, Johannes Herold, Jurek Schultz, Pauline Wimberger, Thomas Zahnert","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02413-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02413-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Since winter 2022, invasive GAS (iGAS) infections have re-emerged in Europe, causing severe diseases in children and adults. We aimed to examine whether this reported post-pandemic increase was associated with an increased disease severity and/or a shift in clinical disease phenotypes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed detailed clinical phenotyping of patients hospitalized with iGAS infections at a 1410-bed tertiary German Medical Center from 01/2015 to 09/2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred seventy-eight patients were included: 50 children (28.1%) and 128 adults (71.9%). IGAS infections of Q1/2023 exceeded the pre-pandemic average by 551% (1200% for children). The mean age of affected patients shifted significantly post-pandemically (49.5 ± 26.5 to 32.4 ± 28.2 years of age, p < 0.05), mainly due to the higher percentage of children affected with iGAS infections (15.2% pre-pandemic, 44.2% post-pandemic). CFR was significantly lower for children (2%) compared to adults (11.7%) (p < 0.05) and decreased from 13% to 6.5% post-pandemically (p = 0.148). Duration of antibiotic therapy (13.5 (10 to 21) to 10 (9 to 14) days), length of hospital (10 (4 to 25) to 7 (5 to 15) days), and ICU stay (7.0 (2.5 to 18.0) to 5.0 (3.0 to 8.5) days) were shorter post-pandemically. Despite the higher post-pandemic percentage of affected children, PICU admissions (57% before to 32% after), use of catecholamines (28.6% to 11.8%), invasive ventilation (35.7% to 17.6%) and CFR (7% to 0%) were all lower after the pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Children were at higher risk for iGAS infections post-pandemically. The surge of post-pandemic iGAS infections was not accompanied by increased iGAS-associated morbidity and mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"991-1000"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137492/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SeptAsTERS- SeptiCyte® RAPID as assessment tool for early recognition of sepsis - a prospective observational study.","authors":"M von der Forst, L Back, K M Tourelle, D Gruneberg, M A Weigand, F C F Schmitt, Maximilian Dietrich","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02409-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02409-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Early recognition of sepsis is critical to patient outcome, with mortality increasing with every hour of delay in treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the use of a point-of-care molecular host response assay to differentiate sepsis from inflammation after surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three molecular host response assays (SeptiCyte® RAPID) were performed in 61 patients after major abdominal surgery with admission to the intensive care unit and drawn blood cultures. The first (T0) was taken ± 3 h around the time of obtaining blood cultures, the second 24 h later (T24) and the third at discharge from the intensive care unit (Tex). The primary endpoint was the agreement of SeptiCyte® RAPID results with the diagnosis of sepsis. SeptiScore® indicates sepsis probability (low risk 0 - high risk 15). Patients were retrospectively classified into sepsis and inflammation by three blinded experts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>25 (42.4%) patients were categorized as \"inflammation\" and 34 (57.6%) patients as \"sepsis\". At T0 and T24 septic patients showed significantly higher mean SeptiScores® of 8.0 (± 2.2 SD) vs. 6.3 (± 2.1 SD) and 8.5 (± 2.1 SD) vs. 6.2 (± 1.8 SD), respectively. The Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) for the ability to discriminate between sepsis and inflammation had an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.71 (T0) and 0.80 (T24).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Embedded in a comprehensive diagnostic algorithm molecular host response analysis could broaden the possibilities for infection diagnostics to differentiate between sepsis and inflammatory response after surgery. But validation in larger cohorts is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"953-965"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137414/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142687006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing ChatGPT's theoretical knowledge and prescriptive accuracy in bacterial infections: a comparative study with infectious diseases residents and specialists.","authors":"Andrea De Vito, Nicholas Geremia, Andrea Marino, Davide Fiore Bavaro, Giorgia Caruana, Marianna Meschiari, Agnese Colpani, Maria Mazzitelli, Vincenzo Scaglione, Emmanuele Venanzi Rullo, Vito Fiore, Marco Fois, Edoardo Campanella, Eugenia Pistarà, Matteo Faltoni, Giuseppe Nunnari, Annamaria Cattelan, Cristina Mussini, Michele Bartoletti, Luigi Angelo Vaira, Giordano Madeddu","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02350-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02350-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Advancements in Artificial Intelligence(AI) have made platforms like ChatGPT increasingly relevant in medicine. This study assesses ChatGPT's utility in addressing bacterial infection-related questions and antibiogram-based clinical cases.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved a collaborative effort involving infectious disease (ID) specialists and residents. A group of experts formulated six true/false, six open-ended questions, and six clinical cases with antibiograms for four types of infections (endocarditis, pneumonia, intra-abdominal infections, and bloodstream infection) for a total of 96 questions. The questions were submitted to four senior residents and four specialists in ID and inputted into ChatGPT-4 and a trained version of ChatGPT-4. A total of 720 responses were obtained and reviewed by a blinded panel of experts in antibiotic treatments. They evaluated the responses for accuracy and completeness, the ability to identify correct resistance mechanisms from antibiograms, and the appropriateness of antibiotics prescriptions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No significant difference was noted among the four groups for true/false questions, with approximately 70% correct answers. The trained ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 offered more accurate and complete answers to the open-ended questions than both the residents and specialists. Regarding the clinical case, we observed a lower accuracy from ChatGPT-4 to recognize the correct resistance mechanism. ChatGPT-4 tended not to prescribe newer antibiotics like cefiderocol or imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam, favoring less recommended options like colistin. Both trained- ChatGPT-4 and ChatGPT-4 recommended longer than necessary treatment periods (p-value = 0.022).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights ChatGPT's capabilities and limitations in medical decision-making, specifically regarding bacterial infections and antibiogram analysis. While ChatGPT demonstrated proficiency in answering theoretical questions, it did not consistently align with expert decisions in clinical case management. Despite these limitations, the potential of ChatGPT as a supportive tool in ID education and preliminary analysis is evident. However, it should not replace expert consultation, especially in complex clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"873-881"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterizing CRP dynamics during acute infections.","authors":"Stacey S Cherny, Rafael Y Brzezinski, Asaf Wasserman, Amos Adler, Shlomo Berliner, Daniel Nevo, Saharon Rosset, Uri Obolski","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02422-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02422-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>C-reactive protein (CRP) is a common proxy of inflammation, but accurate characterizations of its dynamics during acute infections are scant. The goal of this study was to examine C-reactive protein (CRP) trajectories in hospitalized patients with viral infections, confirmed bacteremia (stratified by Gram-negative or Gram-positive bacteria), and non-bacteremic infections/inflammations, considering antibiotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic medical records from Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (July 2007-May 2023) were analyzed. Patients with blood cultures or positive viral tests were included. CRP levels were modeled using generalized additive mixed-effects models (GAMMs) and observed up to 150 h after initial infection diagnosis. Patients with initial CRP levels > 31.9 were excluded, to remove individuals already in a highly active inflammatory process. The shapes of the CRP curves were characterized and peak CRP as well as area under the CRP curve were the primary variables of interest.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Viral infections had the lowest and flattest CRP curves. Non-bacteremic infections showed intermediate levels, while bacteremia (especially Gram-negative under antibiotic treatment) had the highest CRP peaks. For instance, peak CRP ranged from 15.4 mg/L in viral infections without antibiotics to 140.9 mg/L in Gram-negative bacteremia with antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CRP trajectories significantly differ based on infection type and antibiotic treatment. Frequent CRP measurement could be a valuable diagnostic and risk stratification tool in hospitalized patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"1199-1203"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137512/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142521845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infants < 90 days of age with late-onset sepsis display disturbances of the microbiome-immunity interplay.","authors":"Simon Graspeuntner, Mariia Lupatsii, Vera van Zandbergen, Marie-Theres Dammann, Julia Pagel, Duc Ninh Nguyen, Alexander Humberg, Wolfgang Göpel, Egbert Herting, Jan Rupp, Christoph Härtel, Ingmar Fortmann","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02396-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02396-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We hypothesized that previously healthy infants < 90 days of age with late-onset sepsis (LOS) have disturbances of the gut microbiome with yet undefined specific immunological patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a prospective single-center convenience sample study between January 2019 and July 2021 in a case-control design. Routine diagnostics included conventional cultures (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, urine), PCRs and inflammatory markers in infants aged < 90 days with clinical LOS. We additionally analyzed blood lymphocyte subsets including CD4 + CD25 + forkhead box protein (FoxP3)⁺ Tregs and performed 16 S rRNA sequencing of stool samples, both compared to age-matched healthy controls. Results were adjusted for potential confounders that may influence microbial composition.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>51 infants with fever and clinical LOS were enrolled. Bacterial sepsis was diagnosed in n = 24 (47.1%) and viral infection in n = 13 (25.5%) infants, whereas in 14 (27.3%) infants the cause of fever remained undetermined. When compared to healthy controls, the gut microbiome of LOS infants at disease onset was characterized by a shift in community composition, specifically, decreased abundance of B. longum and an increase of Bacteroidia spp. Intriguingly, the abundance of B. longum negatively correlated with the frequency of blood CD4-positive cells in healthy controls but not in infants with LOS. At one year of age, we observed microbiome differences in infants with history of LOS when compared to healthy controls, such as an increased gut microbial diversity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our data suggest potential signatures of the microbiome-immunity interplay in infants with LOS, which should be investigated further as possible targets for prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"921-934"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting work ability impairment in post COVID-19 patients: a machine learning model based on clinical parameters.","authors":"Tarek Jebrini, Michael Ruzicka, Felix Völk, Gerardo Jesus Ibarra Fonseca, Anna Pernpruner, Christopher Benesch, Elisabeth Valdinoci, Max von Baum, Martin Weigl, Marion Subklewe, Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon, Julia Roider, Julia Mayerle, Bernhard Heindl, Kristina Adorjan, Hans Christian Stubbe","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02459-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02459-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Post COVID-19 condition (PCC) is a complex disease affecting health and everyday functioning. This is well reflected by a patient's inability to work (ITW). In this study, we aimed to investigate factors associated with ITW (1) and to design a machine learning-based model for predicting ITW (2) twelve months after baseline. We selected patients from the post COVID care study (PCC-study) with data on their ability to work. To identify factors associated with ITW, we compared PCC patients with and without ITW. For constructing a predictive model, we selected nine clinical parameters: hospitalization during the acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, WHO severity of acute infection, presence of somatic comorbidities, presence of psychiatric comorbidities, age, height, weight, Karnofsky index, and symptoms. The model was trained to predict ITW twelve months after baseline using TensorFlow Decision Forests. Its performance was investigated using cross-validation and an independent testing dataset. In total, 259 PCC patients were included in this analysis. We observed that ITW was associated with dyslipidemia, worse patient reported outcomes (FSS, WHOQOL-BREF, PHQ-9), a higher rate of preexisting psychiatric conditions, and a more extensive medical work-up. The predictive model exhibited a mean AUC of 0.83 (95% CI: 0.78; 0.88) in the 10-fold cross-validation. In the testing dataset, the AUC was 0.76 (95% CI: 0.58; 0.93). In conclusion, we identified several factors associated with ITW. The predictive model performed very well. It could guide management decisions and help setting mid- to long-term treatment goals by aiding the identification of patients at risk of extended ITW.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"1189-1197"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137377/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral nonabsorbable antibiotics for prevention of recurrent cholangitis; a brief report study.","authors":"Jesús Fortún, Miguel Angel Rodríguez-Gandía, Vicente Pintado, Pilar Martín-Dávila, Miguel García-González, Javier Graus, Rosa Martín-Mateos, Javier Sáez de la Fuente, Alfonso Muriel, Santiago Moreno","doi":"10.1007/s15010-025-02491-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-025-02491-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with recurrent cholangitis are at risk of developing life-threatening sepsis. Selective decontamination of the digestive tract (SDD) involving oral nonabsorbable antibiotics has been primarily applied to children undergoing Kasai portoenterostomy surgery.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, SDD containing colistin, tobramycin, and nystatin was administered to eight patients with recurrent cholangitis, and the incidence density before and after SDD administration was analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The overall incidence density of cholangitis requiring hospital admission was 0.37 per 100 patient days during the SDD period and was significantly lower than observed before SDD administration (1.05 per 100 patient days) [RR: 0.35 (95% CI: 0.21-0.59); p: <0.001, two-sided]. This was not associated with an increased risk of resistance during SDD administration.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this study SDD reduced by 65% the frequency and severity of recurrent cholangitis. In addition, this procedure is patient-friendly and microbiologically safe.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"1219-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137420/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143457825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piperacillin/tazobactam vs. cefepime or carbapenems for the treatment of bloodstream infections due to bacteria producing chromosomal AmpC beta-lactamase: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Lorenzo Onorato, Ilaria de Luca, Annabella Salvati, Caterina Monari, Nicola Coppola","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02447-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02447-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The best treatment for bloodstream infections (BSI) due to chromosomal AmpC (c-AmpC) producing Enterobacterales is not clearly defined.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To describe the clinical and microbiological outcomes of patients treated with piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime or carbapenems for bloodstream infections (BSIs) due to c-AmpC beta-lactamase-producing strains.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>We searched MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library and EMBASE to screen original reports published up to January 2024.</p><p><strong>Study eligibility criteria: </strong>RCTs and observational studies investigating all-cause mortality, clinical failure, microbiological failure or rate of ADRs of patients treated with piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime or carbapenems.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>Patients with bloodstream infections due to c-AmpC producing bacteria.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime or carbapenems as targeted treatment.</p><p><strong>Assessment of risk of bias: </strong>We used the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool for RCTs, and the Newcastle Ottawa scale for observational studies.</p><p><strong>Methods of data synthesis: </strong>We conducted a meta-analysis pooling Risk ratios (RRs) through random effect models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We screened 1,720 original reports, and 20 studies (1 RCTs, 1 case-control study, 18 cohort studies) were included in the analysis, for a total of 2,834 patients. When comparing piperacillin/tazobactam with alternative treatments (cefepime or carbapenems), no significant difference in mortality rate was observed between the treatment groups (RR: 1.1; 95% CI: 0.76-1.58, p = 0.61), while an higher rate of microbiological failure (RR: 1.80; 95% CI: 1.15-2.82, p = 0.01) and clinical failure (RR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.00-2.40, p = 0.05) was observed among patients receiving piperacillin/tazobactam. No difference was observed in microbiological and clinical failure rate among patients treated with cefepime or carbapenems, with a lower mortality rate in those receiving cefepime (RR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.59-0.94, p = 0.014).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cefepime represents an excellent alternative to carbapenems for BSI due to AmpC-producing strains, whereas piperacillin/tazobactam is associated with a higher rate of clinical and microbiological failure. There is an urgent need for randomized clinical trials that aim to define the best carbapenem-sparing strategy in these infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"1141-1153"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Borrelia burgdorferi infections in children and adolescents in Switzerland - a seroprevalence study 2023/2024 (BOBUINCA).","authors":"Laura Heeb, Nora Fritschi, Andrea Marten, Tatjana Welzel, Nicole Ritz, Ulrich Heininger","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02387-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02387-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lyme borreliosis is one of the most prevalent tick-borne diseases in Europe. Studies on seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi IgG antibodies in children are rare. The aim of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of B. burgdorferi IgG antibodies in children and adolescents residing in North-Western Switzerland and neighbouring countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Prospective cross-sectional observational single-centre study using left-over plasma of asymptomatic paediatric patients. Included were children aged 1-17 years living in North-Western Switzerland and bordering areas of France and Germany. Excluded were children with symptoms of Lyme borreliosis or a chronic disease possibly affecting plasma antibodies (immunodeficiency syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus) or with such medication (e.g., intravenous immunoglobuline treatment, allogenic stem cell transplantation, immunosuppressive treatment) as well as refugees seeking asylum. IgG antibodies against B. burgdorferi were measured by ELISA and positive or borderline results by line blot. Positivity was defined as scenario 1: ELISA positive/line blot positive or borderline OR ELISA borderline/line blot positive. Scenario 2: ELISA positive or borderline/line blot positive. A multivariable logistic regression model for seropositivity was applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>962 children were included (mean age 9.63 years, standard deviation 5.01, 54.5% males). Seroprevalence for scenario 1 was 13.3% (95% CI: 11.2-15.6) and for scenario 2 11.2% (95% CI: 9.3-13.4). Seroprevalence (scenario 1) was comparable for age groups, sex and rural versus urban residence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study shows an increased seroprevalence for B. burgdorferi in the paediatric age compared to previous childhood studies. We also found an increased risk for B. burgdorferi infection at young age.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"893-903"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137484/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142345974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted next-generation sequencing - a promising approach in the diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and drug resistance.","authors":"Xiaocui Wu, Guangkun Tan, Chunlei Sun, Yang Wang, Jinghui Yang, Chunqiu Wu, Chaohui Hu, Fangyou Yu","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02411-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02411-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Targeted next-generation sequencing (tNGS) offers a high-throughput, culture-independent approach that delivers a comprehensive resistance profile in a significantly shorter turn-around time, making it promising in enhancing tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and informing treatment decisions. This study aims to evaluate the performance of tNGS in the TB diagnosis and drug resistance detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) using MTB clinical isolates and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples. A total of 143 MTB clinical isolates were assessed, tNGS, phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST), and AST based on whole genome sequencing (WGS) exhibited high concordance rates, averaging 95.10% and 97.05%. Among 158 BALF samples, culture, Xpert MTB/RIF, and tNGS reported 29, 70 and 111 positives, respectively. In the confirmed cases with etiological evidence (smears, cultures, or molecular test), the positive rate of tNGS (73/83, 87.95%) was higher than that of Xpert MTB (67/83, 80.72%). Additionally, 45% (27/60) of clinically diagnosed cases (with imaging or immunological evidence) were positive for tNGS. Further validation on the discrepant results between tNGS and Xpert MTB/RIF with droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) yielded 35 positives, tNGS detected all, and Xpert MTB/RIF only identified 6 positives. In conclusion, tNGS demonstrates robust and rapid performance in the identification of MTB and its associated drug resistance, and can be directly applied to clinical samples, positioning it as a promising approach for laboratory testing of tuberculosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"967-979"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12137396/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}