Infection最新文献

{"title":"Importance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio as a marker for microbiological specimens in critically ill patients after liver or lung transplantation.","authors":"Steffen B Wiegand, Michael Paal, Jette Jung, Markus Guba, Christian M Lange, Christian Schneider, Nikolaus Kneidinger, Sebastian Michel, Michael Irlbeck, Michael Zoller","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02398-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02398-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The correct and early diagnosis of an infection is pivotal for patients, especially if the patients are immunocompromised. Various infection markers are used in clinics with different advantages and disadvantages. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a cost effective parameter easily obtained without further investments. The aim of this study is to elucidate the value of the NLR in comparison to other established inflammation markers in patients in the intensive care unit who underwent liver or lung transplantation for the detection of bacterial and fungal specimens.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this retrospective single centre study infection marker and microbiology data of 543 intensive care cases of liver or lung transplanted patients in the intensive care unit after transplantation were analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total 5,072 lab work results and 1,104 positive microbiology results were analysed. Results of an area under curve analysis were better for the NLR (0.631; p < 0.001) than for CRP (0.522; p = 0.152) or IL-6 (0.579; p < 0.001). The NLR was independent of type of organ which was transplanted and gender of patients, whereas IL-6 values differed significantly between liver and lung transplanted patients and between male and female.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>All analysed inflammation markers are far from being perfect. The NLR is a sensitive marker with reasonable threshold for the detection of microbiological specimens independent of gender or type of organ transplanted. The use allows a more differentiated approach to face the challenge of bacteria and fungus in patients who underwent liver or lung transplantation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"573-582"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971184/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142715848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imported Oropouche fever to Germany in a returning traveller from Cuba.","authors":"Melissa Ann Maier, Eva-Maria Neurohr, Isabel Barreto-Miranda, Martin Gabriel, Stephan Günther, Sabine Bélard","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02400-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02400-z","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"753-754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LTT-Validity in diagnosis and therapeutical decision making of neuroborreliosis: a prospective dual-centre study.","authors":"G Summer, V Fingerle, A Spörl, C Lechner, T A Rupprecht","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02437-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02437-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The key objective of this study was to assess the validity of a commercially available in-house Lymphocyte Transformation Test (LTT) as a diagnostic parameter and indicator of disease activity/therapeutic efficacy in the context of Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective dual-centre study was conducted from 05/14 - 01/18. With respect to Borrelia-LTT a comparison was made between patients suffering from confirmed acute LNB and patients being affected by inflammatory neurologic diseases, defining the control group: Bell's palsy, viral meningitis, herpes zoster, Guillain-Barré-Syndrome and Encephalomyelitis disseminate. Furthermore, we investigated the LTT within the LNB group at the time of admission and again 12 weeks (+/- one week) later - after appropriate antibiotic treatment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cases included 15 patients with LNB and 58 participants in the control group. With regard to Borrelia-LTT we calculated a low sensitivity of 40% and a moderate specificity of 91% for LNB. Additionally, LTT-levels three months after adequate antibiotic therapy did not correlate with the therapeutic response of LNB patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study shows that LTT is neither appropriate for LNB detection nor suitable as a follow-up marker.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"649-656"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Can nCD64 and mCD169 biomarkers improve the diagnosis of viral and bacterial respiratory syndromes in the emergency department? A prospective cohort pilot study.","authors":"Sergio Venturini, Massimo Crapis, Agnese Zanus-Fortes, Daniele Orso, Francesco Cugini, Giovanni Del Fabro, Igor Bramuzzo, Astrid Callegari, Tommaso Pellis, Vincenzo Sagnelli, Anna Marangone, Elisa Pontoni, Domenico Arcidiacono, Laura De Santi, Barbra Ziraldo, Giada Valentini, Veronica Santin, Ingrid Reffo, Paolo Doretto, Chiara Pratesi, Eliana Pivetta, Kathreena Vattamattahil, Rita De Rosa, Manuela Avolio, Rosamaria Tedeschi, Giancarlo Basaglia, Tiziana Bove, Carlo Tascini","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02468-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02468-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Differentiating infectious from non-infectious respiratory syndromes is critical in emergency settings. This study aimed to assess whether nCD64 and mCD169 exhibit specific distributions in patients with respiratory infections (viral, bacterial, or co-infections) and to evaluate their diagnostic accuracy compared to non-infectious conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective cohort study enrolled 443 consecutive emergency department patients with respiratory syndromes, categorized into four groups: no infection group (NOIG), bacterial infection group (BIG), viral infection group (VIG), and co-infection group (COING). Multinomial logistic regression was used to evaluate nCD64 and mCD169's association with diagnostic groups and estimate their predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>290 patients were included in VIG, 53 in BIG, 46 in COING, and 54 in NOIG. nCD64 was associated with bacterial infections and co-infections (p = 2.73 × 10^- 16 and p = 8.83 × 10^- 11, respectively), but not viral infections. mCD169 was associated with viral infections and co-infections (p = < 2 × 10^- 16 and p = 2.45 × 10^- 13, respectively), but not bacterial infections. The sensitivity and specificity of nCD64 for detecting bacterial infections were 0.75 and 0.84 (AUC = 0.83), respectively, while for mCD169 they were 0.87 and 0.91 (AUC = 0.92), respectively, for diagnosing viral infections. A diagnostic algorithm incorporating fever, nasopharyngeal swabs for the main respiratory virus, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and mCD169 reached an accuracy of 0.79 (95% CI 0.72-0.85) in distinguishing among the different groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>nCD64 and MCD169 seem valuable for distinguishing between bacterial and viral respiratory infections. Integrating these biomarkers into diagnostic algorithms could enhance diagnostic accuracy aiding patient management in emergency settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"679-691"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epidemiological changes and outcomes of people living with HIV admitted to the intensive care unit: a 14-year retrospective study.","authors":"Esther Martínez, Alberto Foncillas, Adrián Téllez, Sara Fernández, Gemma Martínez-Nadal, Verónica Rico, Adrià Tomé, Ainoa Ugarte, Mariano Rinaudo, Leire Berrocal, Elisa De Lazzari, Jose M Miró, Jose M Nicolás, Josep Mallolas, Lorena De la Mora, Pedro Castro","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02402-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02402-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purposes: </strong>Since 2016, the World Health Organization has recommended universal antiretroviral therapy (ART) for all people living with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (PLHIV). This recommendation may have influenced the characteristics and outcomes of PLHIV admitted to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). This study aims to identify changes in the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of PLHIV admitted to the ICU, and their short- and medium-term outcomes before and after the implementation of universal ART (periods 2006-2015 and 2016-2019).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective, observational, single-center study included all adult PLHIV admitted to the ICU of a University Hospital in Barcelona from 2006 to 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 502 admissions involving 428 patients, predominantly men (75%) with a median (P25-P75) age of 47.5 years (39.7-53.9). Ninety-one percent were diagnosed with HIV before admission, with 82% under ART and 60% admitted from the emergency department. In 2016-2019, there were more patients on ART pre-admission, reduced needs for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and fewer in-ICU complications. ICU mortality was also lower (14% vs 7%). Predictors of in-ICU mortality included acquired immunodeficiency syndrome defining event (ADE)-related admissions, ICU complications, higher SOFA scores, IMV and renal replacement therapy (RRT) requirement. ART use during ICU admission was protective. Higher SOFA scores, admission from hospital wards, and more comorbidities predicted one-year mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The in-ICU mortality of critically ill PLHIV has decreased in recent years, likely due to changes in patient characteristics. Pre- and ICU admission features remain the primary predictors of short- and medium-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"583-592"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971213/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142400169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PaedVacCOVID - safety of the BNT162b2 vaccine against the SARS-CoV-2 in children with and without comorbidities aged 5 to 11 years.","authors":"Sarah Holzwarth, Kimiya Saadat, Maximilian Jorczyk, Svenja Dreßen, Sarah Kotsias-Konopelska, Anne Schlegtendal, Christoph Maier, Jochen Schmitt, Kevin Paul, Julia Pagel, Ania C Muntau, Reinhard Berner, Folke Brinkmann, Nicole Toepfner","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02427-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02427-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Little is known about specific safety aspects in children with significant comorbidities receiving the mRNA vaccine BNT162b2, as approval studies did not address this population. This study's purpose is to evaluate safety and adverse events in these children compared to healthy children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective, multicentre, industry-independent cohort study, caregivers whose children received BNT162b2 were asked to participate in an online questionnaire. Potential side effects were evaluated in ten organ related categories. Frequency of symptoms was compared in both cohorts by bivariate analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From a total of 1,294 responses to the questionnaire, 793 data sets were included into the analysis (179 children with comorbidities and 614 healthy children). Responses were given at a median of 17 days after vaccination. Overall, safety of BNT162b2 was high in both cohorts. Psychological (OR: 3.56, [95% CI: 1.461 to 8.629]), pulmonary (OR: 7.14, [95% CI: 2.039 to 21.48]), gastrointestinal (OR: 2.35, [95% CI: 1.231 to 4.665]), neurological (OR: 1.74, [95% CI: 1.078 to 2.796]) and dermatological (OR: 2.28, [95% CI: 1.220 to 4.172]) side effects were increased in children with comorbidities over healthy controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The higher rate of reported post-vaccination symptoms could either be due to a higher susceptibility for symptomatic effects following immune stimulation, or due to a trained awareness to health-related symptoms. The data emphasizes the importance to evaluate safety of the new mRNA COVID-19 vaccines not only in healthy children but also in children with comorbidities. To perform such evaluation should be made mandatory for pharmaceutical enterprises.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"615-624"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971181/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142619582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Persistently high burden of acute respiratory infections requiring hospitalization in German pediatric hospitals, fall/winter 2023-2024.","authors":"Svenja Dreßen, Josephine Schneider, Maren Doenhardt, Natalie Diffloth, Tobias Tenenbaum, Dominik T Schneider, Andreas Trotter, Nicole Toepfner, Reinhard Berner","doi":"10.1007/s15010-025-02494-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-025-02494-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>During fall 2021, children's hospitals in Germany faced a surge in RSV-related hospitalizations, whereas during fall/winter 2022-2023, RSV and influenza infections both led to increased inpatient admissions. Our study prospectively assessed severe acute respiratory infections, their causative pathogens, and the resulting disease burden on German children's hospitals for the fall/winter 2023-2024 season.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From October 3, 2023 through April 16, 2024, children hospitalized with ARI as a primary diagnosis were monitored via a national survey established by the German Society for Pediatric Infectious Diseases (DGPI). Weekly data was collected on total hospital admissions, ARI-related admissions by pathogen (SARS-CoV-2, RSV, influenza, other), ICU admissions with ARI as a primary diagnosis, and respiratory support.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 23% of German children's hospitals (77/334 centers) submitted 1234 survey reports. ARI-related hospital admissions surged starting in November 2023 and peaked in late December 2023 (53.4% of all admissions), in parallel with a peak in the average number of newly-admitted patients (aNA) with RSV (2.5 aNA). In comparison to the 2022/2023 season, fewer newborns and infants were admitted for ARI (4.7%, p < 0.001/1.9%, p = 0.05) and fewer required ICU treatment (5.3%, p = 0.02/5.6%, p = 0.001 respectively). In 74.9% of ICU patients, ventilation support was required-9.1% less than in the previous season.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The clinical burden on pediatric hospitals and ICUs is strongly influenced by the changing, annually circulating pathogens and affected age group. Therefore, a continuous, systematic, dynamic collection of ARI data is critical for assessing the ARI-related morbidity and the associated burden on health care systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"717-725"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971053/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143596827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increased incidence of blood culture contaminations during and after the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Hannah Tolle, Aude Nguyen, Aleece MacPhail, Nasreen Hassoun-Kheir, Marie-Noelle Chraiti, Filippo Boroli, Marie-Céline Zanella, Stephan Harbarth, Gaud Catho, Niccolò Buetti","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02469-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02469-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Blood culture contamination (BCC) is mainly caused by commensal bacteria, during sample collection. It results in unnecessary antibiotic exposure, prolonged hospitalisation, additional microbiology workup and significant adverse health-economic burden. We aimed to investigate the short- and long-term impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of BCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective, observational cohort study at Geneva University Hospitals (HUG). We included all BCCs from January 2018 to December 2023, collected as part of a prospective hospital-wide surveillance by the infection control team. Data were analyzed using segmented Poisson regression models to evaluate BCC incidence rate ratios (IRRs) across three periods: pre-COVID-19 (2018-2019), during COVID-19 (2020-2021), and post-COVID-19 peak (2022-2023).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 456,873 collected blood cultures, 1,247 BCCs were identified (0.27%). The contamination rate per 1000 samples increased from 1.53 pre-COVID-19 to 2.94 during COVID-19 and 3.52 post-COVID-19. Compared to the pre-COVID-period, incidence rate ratios (IRRs) for BCC increased during COVID-19 (IRR 1.84, 95% CI 1.58-2.15) and post-COVID-19 peak (IRR 2.29, 95% CI 1.97-2.66). During COVID-19, proportions of BCC were increased in intensive care units (27.4%, n = 127) and returned to baseline level post-COVID-19 (17.3%, n = 93, p < 0.001); whereas, in other wards, BCC remained elevated (42.2%, n = 227) in the post-COVID-19 period.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed a significant rise in BCC incidence during and after the COVID-19 peak. The persistently elevated post-peak rates highlight ongoing challenges in regaining optimal aseptic blood culture collection practices and the need for further exploration of persisting factors increasing BCC rates.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"711-716"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143541956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infection image: cystic pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia - forgotten?","authors":"Florian Hitzenbichler, Christoph Fisser, Alexandra Schlitt, Bernd Salzberger","doi":"10.1007/s15010-024-02403-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s15010-024-02403-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A 43-year-old male patient presented to the emergency department with progressive dyspnea. CT scan showed pronounced cystic lesions and ground glass opacitiy in both lungs and diagnosis of HIV infection was established. Bronchoscopy confirmed diagnosis of pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP). The radiological presentation with perihilar large cysts is typical for PCP in HIV-infected patients, but rarely encountered today.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"763-765"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11971127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142464324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and microbiologic outcomes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia bloodstream infections.","authors":"Sunish Shah, Brianne Slaven, Lloyd G Clarke, Justin Ludwig, Ryan K Shields","doi":"10.1007/s15010-025-02512-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-025-02512-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The optimal treatment for infections due to Stenotrophomonas maltophilia has not been defined.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a multicenter, retrospective study of patients with S. maltophilia bacteremia between March 2010 to December 2023. Patients > 18 years with a positive blood culture growing S. maltophilia were included. Patients treated < 48 h or those with central line colonization were excluded. Clinical failure was defined as emergence of resistance during treatment, recurrent S. maltophilia bacteremia or death within 30 days. Outcomes for those treated with fluoroquinolone or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole monotherapy were compared using a propensity scored-adjusted full matching approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>217 patients were included; 17% (37/217) patients had a history of transplant. The clinical failure rate was 16% (35/217); reasons for failure included death (n = 22), recurrent bacteremia (n = 12) or treatment-emergent resistance (n = 3). One patient each with recurrence and resistance also died within 30 days. Within 90 days, resistance developed in 15 patients. The most common treatment regimens were fluoroquinolones (n = 103) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (n = 45) as monotherapy. Use of high-dose trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole did not improve clinical success rates. Combination therapy was employed in 10% (21/217) of patients. After applying full-matching criteria, there was no difference in rates of 30-day clinical failure (aOR = 1.02; 95% CI 0.25-3.82; P = 0.999) or mortality (aOR = 1.4; 95% CI 0.25-7.25; P = 0.727) among patients treated with fluroquinolone or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole monotherapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Monotherapy with fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were used most commonly to treat S. maltophilia bacteremia across centers. Patient outcomes did not differ between treatment regimens and the overall rate of treatment-emergent resistance was low.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143718665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}