Julia Weinmann-Menke, Clemens-Martin Wendtner, Dennis Häckl, Vanessa Lohe, Phi Long Dang, Fungwe Jah, Nikolaus Kneidinger
{"title":"德国免疫功能低下患者的COVID-19负担：2021年至2022年健康保险数据的回顾性观察性研究","authors":"Julia Weinmann-Menke, Clemens-Martin Wendtner, Dennis Häckl, Vanessa Lohe, Phi Long Dang, Fungwe Jah, Nikolaus Kneidinger","doi":"10.1007/s15010-025-02516-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with COVID-19 and immunocompromising conditions are threatened with higher morbidity, mortality and a greater economic burden than immunocompetent persons due to an inadequate immune response to infection and vaccination. Health and economic COVID-19 outcomes in 2021 and 2022, a period during which vaccines became available gradually, were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study was based on statutory health insurance (SHI) claims data of approximately 2.7 million insurees each of 2021 and 2022, extrapolated to the overall German SHI population. An immunocompromised group was defined via several risk factors. COVID-19-related outcomes were compared to a group without risk factors (immunocompetent group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both years, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations were significantly elevated in the immunocompromised group (33.11% vs 7.88% in 2021, 19.25% vs 2.21% in 2022), as were ICU admission (9.17% vs 1.75% and 3.94% vs 0.32%), mortality (9.70% vs 1.62% and 3.42% vs 0.30%), and average costs for hospitalizations (17,966 € vs 12,769 € and 16,640 € vs 10,853 €). Hospitalization/intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates and COVID-19 associated mortality decreased from 2021 to 2022 in both groups, but more prominently in the immunocompetent group. Consequently, the gap between both groups increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 2021 to 2022, the health and economic burden of COVID-19 remained substantially elevated in the immunocompromised group, despite availability of vaccines and authorized treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":13600,"journal":{"name":"Infection","volume":" ","pages":"1887-1897"},"PeriodicalIF":3.6000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460495/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Burden of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients in Germany: a retrospective, observational Study on Health Insurance Data from 2021 to 2022.\",\"authors\":\"Julia Weinmann-Menke, Clemens-Martin Wendtner, Dennis Häckl, Vanessa Lohe, Phi Long Dang, Fungwe Jah, Nikolaus Kneidinger\",\"doi\":\"10.1007/s15010-025-02516-w\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Patients with COVID-19 and immunocompromising conditions are threatened with higher morbidity, mortality and a greater economic burden than immunocompetent persons due to an inadequate immune response to infection and vaccination. Health and economic COVID-19 outcomes in 2021 and 2022, a period during which vaccines became available gradually, were investigated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study was based on statutory health insurance (SHI) claims data of approximately 2.7 million insurees each of 2021 and 2022, extrapolated to the overall German SHI population. An immunocompromised group was defined via several risk factors. COVID-19-related outcomes were compared to a group without risk factors (immunocompetent group).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In both years, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations were significantly elevated in the immunocompromised group (33.11% vs 7.88% in 2021, 19.25% vs 2.21% in 2022), as were ICU admission (9.17% vs 1.75% and 3.94% vs 0.32%), mortality (9.70% vs 1.62% and 3.42% vs 0.30%), and average costs for hospitalizations (17,966 € vs 12,769 € and 16,640 € vs 10,853 €). Hospitalization/intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates and COVID-19 associated mortality decreased from 2021 to 2022 in both groups, but more prominently in the immunocompetent group. Consequently, the gap between both groups increased.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>From 2021 to 2022, the health and economic burden of COVID-19 remained substantially elevated in the immunocompromised group, despite availability of vaccines and authorized treatments.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":13600,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Infection\",\"volume\":\" \",\"pages\":\"1887-1897\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2025-10-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12460495/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Infection\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-025-02516-w\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"2025/4/11 0:00:00\",\"PubModel\":\"Epub\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"INFECTIOUS DISEASES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Infection","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-025-02516-w","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2025/4/11 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"INFECTIOUS DISEASES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Burden of COVID-19 in immunocompromised patients in Germany: a retrospective, observational Study on Health Insurance Data from 2021 to 2022.
Purpose: Patients with COVID-19 and immunocompromising conditions are threatened with higher morbidity, mortality and a greater economic burden than immunocompetent persons due to an inadequate immune response to infection and vaccination. Health and economic COVID-19 outcomes in 2021 and 2022, a period during which vaccines became available gradually, were investigated.
Methods: This retrospective observational study was based on statutory health insurance (SHI) claims data of approximately 2.7 million insurees each of 2021 and 2022, extrapolated to the overall German SHI population. An immunocompromised group was defined via several risk factors. COVID-19-related outcomes were compared to a group without risk factors (immunocompetent group).
Results: In both years, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations were significantly elevated in the immunocompromised group (33.11% vs 7.88% in 2021, 19.25% vs 2.21% in 2022), as were ICU admission (9.17% vs 1.75% and 3.94% vs 0.32%), mortality (9.70% vs 1.62% and 3.42% vs 0.30%), and average costs for hospitalizations (17,966 € vs 12,769 € and 16,640 € vs 10,853 €). Hospitalization/intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates and COVID-19 associated mortality decreased from 2021 to 2022 in both groups, but more prominently in the immunocompetent group. Consequently, the gap between both groups increased.
Conclusion: From 2021 to 2022, the health and economic burden of COVID-19 remained substantially elevated in the immunocompromised group, despite availability of vaccines and authorized treatments.
期刊介绍：
Infection is a journal dedicated to serving as a global forum for the presentation and discussion of clinically relevant information on infectious diseases. Its primary goal is to engage readers and contributors from various regions around the world in the exchange of knowledge about the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of infectious diseases, both in outpatient and inpatient settings.
The journal covers a wide range of topics, including:
Etiology: The study of the causes of infectious diseases.
Pathogenesis: The process by which an infectious agent causes disease.
Diagnosis: The methods and techniques used to identify infectious diseases.
Treatment: The medical interventions and strategies employed to treat infectious diseases.
Public Health: Issues of local, regional, or international significance related to infectious diseases, including prevention, control, and management strategies.
Hospital Epidemiology: The study of the spread of infectious diseases within healthcare settings and the measures to prevent nosocomial infections.
In addition to these, Infection also includes a specialized "Images" section, which focuses on high-quality visual content, such as images, photographs, and microscopic slides, accompanied by brief abstracts. This section is designed to highlight the clinical and diagnostic value of visual aids in the field of infectious diseases, as many conditions present with characteristic clinical signs that can be diagnosed through inspection, and imaging and microscopy are crucial for accurate diagnosis. The journal's comprehensive approach ensures that it remains a valuable resource for healthcare professionals and researchers in the field of infectious diseases.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
