Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology最新文献_第7页

Work in conditions of remote and hybrid models: The example of IT-companies’ employees 在远程和混合模式下工作:it公司员工的例子

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.101

E. Balabanova, Daria A. Molchanova

{"title":"Work in conditions of remote and hybrid models: The example of IT-companies’ employees","authors":"E. Balabanova, Daria A. Molchanova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.101","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes work practices and attitudes of employees of Russian IT-sector companies towards working in remote and hybrid formats (combining working from home and from the office). We focus on two main sets of issues. First, we consider workloads and socio-psychological well-being of employees under remote and hybrid employment conditions. Second, we focus on individual and group efficiency of hybrid and remote work formats. The main contribution of this paper to the existing literature is in its focus on organizational and managerial factors which shape employee attitudes to remote working. Drawing on a survey study of 400 employees in Russian IT-sector in March 2021, we find that hybrid format significantly increases the workload of employees compared to remote working. Nevertheless, paradoxically, the hybrid format is preferred by the majority of respondents. We conclude that the attitudes to remote work are shaped mainly by the character of work tasks and the employee’s position in the network of organizational communications. We find evidence that respondents without subordinates, who are responsible for their individual work tasks, tend to react positively to remote work, emphasizing the “convenience” of working from home, whereas managers and employees who are actively involved in communication processes and organization of other people’s work, are much more critical to remote working. Our findings also suggest that the quality of organizational communications plays a key role in determining both employees’ social well-being and performance assessment. In remote working, information overloads become a serious problem for workers, while the lack of information, by contrast, is not considered to be a serious problem.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116237694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

“Voting with feet”: Russian electoral sociology on the problem of voter turnout (1989–1996) “用脚投票”:俄罗斯选民投票率问题的选举社会学研究(1989-1996)

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2023.105

Aleksej V. Shevcov

{"title":"“Voting with feet”: Russian electoral sociology on the problem of voter turnout (1989–1996)","authors":"Aleksej V. Shevcov","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.105","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the problem of turnout in elections in the USSR and Russia in the period from 1989 to 1996 in the assessment of Russian sociologists and social scientists. The theory of representative democracy in its neoliberal version narrows the acts of legitimation to the voting procedure. The experience of implementing these principles in the USSR and the Russian Federation at the end of the 20th century is quite relevant for the development of contemporary political sociology. The goal is a retrospective (historical) study of the explanatory schemes offered by Russian electoral sociologists and representatives of related disciplines on the decline in voter turnout in the 1989–1996 elections. Objectives: 1) description of specific situations, 2) analysis of the positions and arguments put forward, 3) generalization of the hypotheses and concepts proposed. Traditional methods for works of this nature were used (analysis, synthesis, heuristic, descriptive). The decline in the number of voters was constant. As in the rest of the world, it primarily affected those structures that were not perceived as significant. This led to a gradual lowering of the electoral barrier, even to its abolition. The statement about “voting with one’s feet” as a result of disappointment in the socio-economic transformations of the 1990s became a common place in the sociologists’ reasoning. The active part of the electorate, affiliated with certain political forces and organizations, reacted sensitively to mass media reports of falsifications. The general decline in voter turnout was perfectly exploited by political technologists for the benefit of their clients. The first steps of the Russian electoral sociology were not able to improve the situation in the socio-political orientation of the electorate.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127327949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Conceptualization of identity politics and practices of its implementation in Russia and Armenia 身份政治的概念及其在俄罗斯和亚美尼亚实施的实践

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.103

Maria I. Zaslavskaya, V. Rakachev

{"title":"Conceptualization of identity politics and practices of its implementation in Russia and Armenia","authors":"Maria I. Zaslavskaya, V. Rakachev","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.103","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the conceptual foundations of identity politics, the main subject of which in modern conditions is the national state. In addition to the conceptual schemes of interpretation of the concepts of ethnicity, nation, national identity, and identity policy, the paper also examines the practices of implementing identity policy in Russia and Armenia. Identity research has become particularly important in recent decades, but the identity construct itself is still difficult to define and analyze. The actualization of the identity problem occurred due to the fact that the phenomenon of social identity largely determines the features of the functioning of social systems nowadays and, above all, the state. This is clearly demonstrated by the situation in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia. Both countries are faced with serious challenges, while a number of common problems are revealed in the implementation of identity politics. For both Russia and Armenia, questions about the foundations of identity and criteria for inclusion in the national community remain relevant and open. At the same time, the future development, and even the existence of both countries as national states in the modern conditions of the globalizing world, largely depends on the understanding of the possibilities and application of technologies for effective regulating the identity politics, on the identification of current priorities and vectors of development of society. In theoretical and methodological terms, the article is based on the main provisions of the theory of identity, the concept of ethnicity, nation and nationalism. The study is based on an interdisciplinary approach that combines the theoretical and methodological principles of sociology, ethnology and political science.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130389806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Civiс solidarity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19大流行背景下的民间团结

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.403

B. V. Serdyukov

{"title":"Civiс solidarity in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"B. V. Serdyukov","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.403","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic will remain in history as one of the most significant and tragic events that took place in 2020-2021. The threat of rapid distribution of coronavirus demanded from state bodies of various countries of decisive actions. These actions were aimed at ensuring the safety of their population, as well as to prevent mass infection of the population. The need to urgently mobilize people to combat the epidemiological threat made urgent work to build the appropriate forms of civil solidarity. The Russian Federation also took part in this process. However, the urgent need to coordinate this process in the shortest possible time inevitably led to increased load on the integration infrastructure of Russian society. As a result of such a load, this integration structure and its inherent features became more understandable. In this process, it was also possible to identify those problems that are usually difficult to diagnose in a society in a state of balance. This article presents the results of a sociological study devoted to the analysis of the civil solidarity of residents of St Petersburg in the face of the threat of the spread of pandemia COVID-19. The work presents a methodological construct based on the works of classics of sociology. This construct made it possible to analyze the specifics of the integration of Petersburgers into those relations of civic solidarity that make it possible to counteract the risks of coronavirus spread. The article describes the logic of development and the structure of civic solidarity in the conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic. The article also analyzed by citizens the perception of the threat of coronavirus distribution as a factor in public life and its integration significance in the context of the formation of a particular joint environment. The result of the study was a description of the most common solidarization practices aimed at counteracting the pandemic, and the disclosure of the main factors that affect the civil behavior of the city’s inhabitants.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132860656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Glazychev Readings as an example of a practice-oriented scientific discussion Glazychev读物作为一个以实践为导向的科学讨论的例子

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2023.109

A. Beschasnaya

{"title":"Glazychev Readings as an example of a practice-oriented scientific discussion","authors":"A. Beschasnaya","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.109","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of the speeches at the “Glazychev Readings — 2022” in comparison with the theses of the lecture course of the master’s program “Territorial Development Management”, which was read to the audience by Vyacheslav Leonidovich Glazychev in 2010. The central topic of the conference was the discussion of the master plan “Lipovka — Voronezh”, the development of which was initiated by the mayor of the city. The distinctive features of these readings were their visiting nature in Lipetsk with direct access to the space where the presentation of projects for the transformation of the territory took place. Such a format of the scientific and practical event provided maximum practice-oriented discussions, visibility of innovations, participation in the discussion of the master plan of various stakeholders — officials, scientists, entrepreneurs, architects, builders, residents. The discussion was based around the discussion of two issues — to determine the most harmonious master plan that can satisfy the interests of different actors, and the exchange of experience in monitoring their opinions in order to find a mutual solution for territorial development. The involvement of citizens in project activities and the formation of a participating approach was the answer to the question about the tools for modernizing the management of the development of the territory. These readings became an allusion to V.L.Glazychev’s theses on the “appropriation, development and assimilation” of the territory in the process of understanding the space and prospects for its development.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"47 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114082654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Problems of state regulation of social security during a pandemic 大流行期间国家对社会保障的监管问题

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.405

T. Shipunova

{"title":"Problems of state regulation of social security during a pandemic","authors":"T. Shipunova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2021.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2021.405","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides a characteristic of approaches to understanding social security, and also analyzes one central problem: the possibility of identifying and assessing risk. In modern society, perceptions of risk are determined by a political vision of the situation. In this regard, attention is increasing turned to strategies of state regulation and the definition of measures of state responsibility in ensuring security, especially during a pandemic. At the moment, a number of questions have arisen that require study, since the answers to them largely determine the degree of pain in the passage of the pandemic by different societies. The article examines the validity of introducing a wide range of prohibitive measures, which with a high degree of probability can lead to a deterioration in the social security of the population and an expansion of the crisis of power in all democratic societies. The author focuses on the growing processes of normalization and discipline, which significantly complicate social interactions in various spheres of life and devalue democratic values. The analysis leads to the conclusion that government strategies to combat the pandemic should be associated with the partnership of all security agents, including individuals. This, in turn, will be able to restore the confidence of the population in the authorities, as well as lay the foundations for the development of a safety culture that will activate society in protection against existing and possible future threats to public health.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123197727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Social media in Russian non-profit organizations: Factors of use 俄罗斯非营利组织中的社交媒体:使用因素

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.304

Aleksandra S. Briukhno

{"title":"Social media in Russian non-profit organizations: Factors of use","authors":"Aleksandra S. Briukhno","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.304","url":null,"abstract":"The article explores the use of social media in Russian non-governmental non-profit organizations. The role of social media as a PR and promotion tool and as a tool for attracting financial resources is considered. Based on the secondary data of the All-Russian representative survey of NGO leaders conducted by the Centre for Studies of Civil Society and the Nonprofit Sector, HSE (sample consists of 850 NGOs, face-to-face interviews were conducted in year 2021), hypotheses about the influence of organizational characteristics on the use of social media are tested using binary logistic regression. According to the results of the analysis, social media is the most popular online communication channel of NGOs in Russia, although a relatively small proportion of organizations practice fundraising on social networks, despite the fact that NGO leaders highly evaluate the effectiveness of this tool for raising funds. The use of social media is positively associated with the organizational pursuit of the information openness and accountability; troubled access to traditional media; social orientation; participation in government grants; and the size of the organization. The positive relationship between the size of the organization and the use of social media suggests that resource factors, such as the lack of qualified personnel to manage the accounts of the organization, may be a barrier to the use of social media. Overall, there is no obvious connection with the need to attract financial resources, neither the focus on private donations, nor the tendence to diversify sources of funding.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123513889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Uncertainty about artificial intelligence technology in Russian society 俄罗斯社会人工智能技术的不确定性

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.305

E. Khabirova

{"title":"Uncertainty about artificial intelligence technology in Russian society","authors":"E. Khabirova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2021.305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2021.305","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial intelligence (AI) already affects many areas of society today. On the one hand, it is often associated with fears around dystopian surveillance, total workplace automation, and other dangers. On the other hand, the notions that AI actively stimulates innovation and acts as a powerful tool for solving various social problems occupy a significant place in discussions. At the same time, the high level of uncertainty in relation to the latest technologies makes the question of AI’s future especially susceptible to definition and framing by certain influential social groups. In the current article, consideration of the issues of social construction of attitudes on the prospects of AI technology is explained by the relevance of the conflict shown in Russian realities between the population’s concern and ambitious legislative goal setting. Against the background of these poles of skeptical and progressive orientations, the positions of specialized scientists and business are no less interesting. They are forced to find a balance somewhere between these polarities in defending their own interests. The materials presented in the article summarize the results of previous studies, and also rely on the analysis of state documents in the field under study in order to present an overall picture of the development of technology. Based on the results of the study, directions for further deepening the sociological understanding of the processes taking place today in Russia concerning the development and implementation of artificial intelligence are identified.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128380923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Subject field of active/delayed aging research: Results of scientometric analysis and mapping 主动/延迟衰老研究的主题领域:科学计量分析和制图的结果

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2023.101

L. Vidiasova, I. Grigoryeva

{"title":"Subject field of active/delayed aging research: Results of scientometric analysis and mapping","authors":"L. Vidiasova, I. Grigoryeva","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2023.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2023.101","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the global trend of population aging and its inherent features have changed the research agenda for studying older age groups. The paper is devoted to the definition of the main subject areas that are in the focus of active and delayed aging research in Russia and abroad. For the scientometric analysis, the databases Scopus and eLibrary (RSCI) were used. The study used the method of scientometric mapping using the VOSviewer program. The following terms were chosen as search terms: active aging / longevity, delayed aging, healthsaving behavior, late maturity, employment of the elderly. The analysis showed an increase in the popularity of the topic of employment in recent years, including gender-differentiating aspects. The topic of activity is more often presented in the context of “active longevity (aging)”, although at the content level the global aging process and its dynamics differ markedly from the situation of the social group of the elderly in different countries. In the topic “Activity of the elderly”, the presence of medical topics is more clearly expressed. Thematic clustering of keywords and phrases showed the multifactor nature of the studied phenomena and the need for their multidisciplinary study. It was found that articles in the social sciences are devoted to issues of social communication, adaptation, inclusion, as well as medical data and assessments of various parameters of the health of the elderly, as well as economic parameters, comparison of statistical indicators of aging, psychological and political aspects of aging.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129915360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Game streams and let’s play: Perspectives of a sociological analysis 游戏流和let 's play:社会学分析的视角

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/SPBU12.2020.407

N. Zinovyeva

{"title":"Game streams and let’s play: Perspectives of a sociological analysis","authors":"N. Zinovyeva","doi":"10.21638/SPBU12.2020.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU12.2020.407","url":null,"abstract":"The article provides an overview of research devoted to the popular practice of watching game streams and let’s play. The goal is to outline the “points of growth” for sociological analytics of the new field. Streams and let’s play videos are divided according to the criterion of online and offline communication: streams are created and shown synchronously online, and let’s play videos are recorded and edited offline. Today, both of these kinds of videos are integrated into the computer game industry, and the emergence of comments for the public date back to television shows. Based on the research results, it is possible to speak about the social structure of streams and let’s play videos — the leading role of the gamer or commentator and the community that is developing around his channel. Although the text of a computer game is the basis for comments, it still does not cover the entire topic of communication between a streamer/let’s play creator and the audience. Analysts think that computer game commenting is a form of resistance to the direct consumption of a computer game. The comment content often reflects not only the gaming experience, but the current agenda — politics, economics, and popular culture. Thus, the most popular streamers/let’s play creators become opinion leaders, their status is similar to that of other media celebrities who are at the center of a parasocial relationship. Viewers of game streams/let’s play videos form online communities with common interests, skills, and knowledge. Immersion in one information environment, understanding of its language and other symbols strengthens the feeling of belonging to a group of “friends”. The author’s contribution consists in the systematization of the research experience on the problems of social aspects of commenting on computer games and in substantiating the sociological approach to this practice as a space for the life of new teams.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124542980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0