Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology最新文献_第6页

Technologies of influencing the audience in the modern media space 现代媒体空间中影响受众的技术

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2020.207

Аleksandr Ya. Sarna

引用次数: 1

The new working-class youth employment of catering organizations during the pandemic 新工人阶级青年在疫情期间就业餐饮组织

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.102

V. Bocharov

{"title":"The new working-class youth employment of catering organizations during the pandemic","authors":"V. Bocharov","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.102","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the specific characteristics of the employment of young workers of Russian catering organizations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Among such characteristics, the following points stand out: the predominantly informal nature of labor relations; the routine nature of work under the control of the employer, carried out with the help of video surveillance; the dependence of the working day on the presence or absence of visitors (“guests”) in the organization; and the flexibility of the work schedule. Working youth of customer service is one of the groups of employees most affected by the pandemic. Based on the results of indepth interviews with young workers at three public catering organizations in Samara, conclusions are drawn about negative consequences of the pandemic. These are expressed by the young workers in the following: an increase in the risk of dismissal or unpaid vacation; working in the conditions of reduced working hours; reduction of wages; constant conflicts with visitors of catering organizations due to the mask regime; and prohibition of corporate events. In addition to the in-depth interview data, statistical data and other empirical data obtained within the framework of the ongoing research project “Life strategies of new working-class youth in modern Russia”, carried out with the participation of the author (2018–2021), are presented. In the theoretical aspect, the conclusion is made about the prospects of using the interdisciplinary approach “new working class studies”, which synthesizes the neo-Marxist (conflict) and cultural approaches, as well as the concept of “behavioral economics” to the analysis of employment problems in the service sector. Moreover, with such a methodology the precarious nature of the employment of service workers and the fact that the pandemic has a negative impact on all areas of their lives should be taken into account","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124143814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Professional success of Russian web developers in foreign and local freelance marketplaces 俄罗斯网络开发者在国外和本地自由市场的专业成功

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.303

Olga V. Vilkova

{"title":"Professional success of Russian web developers in foreign and local freelance marketplaces","authors":"Olga V. Vilkova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2021.303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2021.303","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of the digital gig economy, which was accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, competition between freelancers in online labor markets has intensified — successful performers are those who are more competitive on a global level. The aim of the current article is to assess the global competitiveness of Russian freelance programmers as representatives of new flexible forms of employment in online labor markets through indicators of objective professional success. The objectives of the study include assessment and description of the professional success determinants, which relate to freelancers from foreign and Russian online labor markets. The work is based on the results of an empirical study. The data of freelancers’ profiles, which was extracted by web scraping, revealed that the professional success of Russian web developers was heterogeneous and depended on specialization and the type of labor exchange. A tremendous proportion of Russian freelance programmers possess a local, however, not global competitive advantage. Foreign freelancers operate with more sophisticated technologies, position themselves actively as experts, and tend to work at lower remuneration. Only a small group of Russian web developers have succeeded internationally due to a high quality of services, advanced human and social capital — in-depth education, knowledge of foreign languages, proficiency in web development technologies, and participation in professional communities. Russian freelancers in local online marketplaces are less successful in terms of financial indicators. Their promotion is based not on the competition of skills, but on payments made by freelancers themselves. Their minor interest in advanced web technologies and foreign languages will hardly contribute to involvement in global labor processes. A new group of technocrats, capable of initiating innovative processes in the economy and social life, has been gradually emerging; for greater expansion of into global labor markets, the development of human and social capital is necessary.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116281108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cultural patterns of corrupt decision-making in Russian organizations 俄罗斯组织中腐败决策的文化模式

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/SPBU12.2020.403

Alexander Fürstenberg

{"title":"Cultural patterns of corrupt decision-making in Russian organizations","authors":"Alexander Fürstenberg","doi":"10.21638/SPBU12.2020.403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/SPBU12.2020.403","url":null,"abstract":"The persistence of corruption in Russia is seen in path-dependent political structures on the one hand, while, on the other hand, concrete corruption-promoting mechanisms can be theoretically described at the level of the actor. The former approach lacks a general explanation of corruption, while the latter lacks the immanent possibility of embedding corrupt practices in specific cultural patterns. Recent approaches in organizational research promise a fruitful connection of both via the idea of organizational corruption, which explains corruption as a normalization process in an organizational context. The present article aims at extending this approach by an analytical model of decision-making in organizations based on a neo-institutional framework. Decision-making situations will be constructed in the activity structure of organizations as the tension between formal-legal requirements and the legitimate goals of the organization as set out in the formal structure. Depending on whether decisions are oriented in accordance or or against legal requirements and the legitimate goals of the organization, a compliant decision, individual corruption, organizational corruption or whistle blowing becomes more likely. Thus, the link between different cultural concepts in Russia and corruption are systematically highlighted and integrated into the present model. It is shown that culturalhistorical patterns cannot be generalized to Russia, but often only promote corruption when specifically embedded in organizations.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121466705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Patient narratives from COVID-19 wards in social media 社交媒体上来自COVID-19病房的患者叙述

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.405

Vitaliy L. Lekhtsier, A. Gotlib

{"title":"Patient narratives from COVID-19 wards in social media","authors":"Vitaliy L. Lekhtsier, A. Gotlib","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.405","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the results of an empirical study of the narrative “reports” of patients from СOVID wards, conducted by them in different waves of the pandemic (2020-2021) on social media. The subject of the analysis is the motives for conducting these reports and the typology of patients’ narratives posted on the social network. The analysis was based on the idea of a “digital sickness style” (the combination of the patient’s “sickness role”, family and professional roles and the narrative of illness and treatment while in hospital thanks to the mobile Internet) and the theory of patient storytelling developed by representatives of the “narrative turn” in medical social research. Qualitative analysis of posts (texts and photos) through a netnography optic also took into account the network communication pragmatics, commentators’ reactions to the posts of narrators, affecting the pace and content of patients’ postings. The study identified three motives for online posting by COVID ward patients - to be a source of reliable, first-hand ethnographic knowledge about what is happening in hospital wards, to reassure their online audience, and to gain emotional and informational support from them. The study also identified three types of narratives posted by patients - the “restitution narrative”, “quest narrative”, “angry narrative”. As additional findings, the article offers observations on the differences in the online narratives of СOVID and non-СOVID patients, as well as a number of other constitutive effects of health narrative exchange on the Internet.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121757103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Trust in the entrepreneurial environment of St Petersburg: The empirical study 圣彼得堡创业环境信任:实证研究

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.404

Y. Veselov

{"title":"Trust in the entrepreneurial environment of St Petersburg: The empirical study","authors":"Y. Veselov","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.404","url":null,"abstract":"Trust in the business environment is usually seen as the trust of entrepreneurs to each other or trust within the firm as the trust of managers to their subordinates. The importance of such trust for the successful functioning of the economy and business is often emphasized. This article presents another aspect: it is the trust of entrepreneurs as a socio-professional group to other people (generalized trust), their trust in a narrow circle - family members and acquaintances (particularized trust); trust in social institutions (institutional trust). The characteristics of trust of entrepreneurs are compared with other socio-professional groups (such as workers, specialists with higher education in the field of science and culture, civil servants). Entrepreneurs have the highest level of trust, both generalized and particularized, among all socio-professional groups, but the level of trust in the state is the lowest for them. A rationalized attitude towards trust, involvement in horizontal (non-hierarchical) social relations, an increased level of risk, and the need for trust to reduce transaction and social costs distinguish entrepreneurs from other socio-professional groups and form their specific (local) culture of trust. The article also reveals the features of entrepreneurial trust in the field of digital technologies that are actively developing today (trust in social networks; trust in online commerce; trust in mobile applications of banks, etc.). Our study is based on the results of two surveys conducted in St Petersburg - a telephone survey of city of St Petersburg, N = 1032 (2020); Internet survey, N = 505, residents of the city and region (2021); in-depth interviews with entrepreneurs (10) (2020-2021).","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126635815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

City sociology workshop: Experience of “immersion” of researchers in the digital social environment 城市社会学工作坊:研究人员在数字社会环境中的“沉浸”体验

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.406

P. Deriugin

引用次数: 0

The Janus faces of (anti-)corruption rhetoric in Greece 希腊反腐败言论的两面

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.304

Effi Lambropoulou

{"title":"The Janus faces of (anti-)corruption rhetoric in Greece","authors":"Effi Lambropoulou","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2021.304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2021.304","url":null,"abstract":"The article outlines the use of corruption rhetoric in Greek politics based on official reports and press publications in selected years and examines the functions it fulfils. In the beginning of the article, an overview of international research and its contextual background about corruption is provided. The absence of historical accounts in the (anti-) corruption literature is noted and an overview of factors that have been correlated by researchers with corruption is given, such as degree of democracy, (de)centralization of the political system, media scandalization, etc. The article briefly presents the approach of Greek analysts to the topic. Issues concerning old and new forms of clientelism, which held the most interest for Greek academics, are analysed. Also, the discourse analysis carried out and its findings is portrayed. The analysis reveals that politicians’ corruption rhetoric operates primarily as a strategy that is capable of undermining the morale of the main political opponent(s) and occasionally as a method of ensuring electoral supremacy. The rather unhelpful attempts of the Greek governments to improve the position of the country in the anticorruption universe by introducing successive legislation, new bodies and institutions to control corruption, while disregarding the fact that the main efforts should be focused on Greece’s market image are illustrated. A positive change in the country’s image in the market came incidentally during the last few years of the Greek economic crisis thanks to neoliberal economic policies under the tutelage of foreign lenders.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128381157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of digitalization during the pandemic in Russia and Belarus 数字化在俄罗斯和白俄罗斯大流行期间的影响

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2021.301

I. Sizova, R. Karapetyan, L. Titarenko

{"title":"Effects of digitalization during the pandemic in Russia and Belarus","authors":"I. Sizova, R. Karapetyan, L. Titarenko","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2021.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2021.301","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses changes in the nature of the employed population’s labor behavior associated with the pandemic and the spread of working remotely. The main goal of the article is to identify the effects of digitalization on workers’ labor. These effects of digitalization are revealed in the collective perceptions and assessments of workers of their individual abilities and capabilities in the development and use of digital technologies for the performance of professional tasks and career advancement in the open labor market. The article examines the effects of digitalization in the context of the massive spread of remote labor during the pandemic from a comparative perspective. It covers the working population of two large cities of the Union State — St. Petersburg and Minsk. The empirical analysis of the collective opinions of workers is based on data collected in two telephone surveys conducted in February — March 2021. The results of the study showed that the population of the two cities responded in a similar way to the massive spread of remote work. The main result of changes in labor during the pandemic was a significant increase in fears and difficulties in using Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) among those workers who continued traditional work, and more than a twofold increase in the motivation to study digital technologies among all employed in the economy. At the same time, both in St. Petersburg and in Minsk, the maximum has been reached in terms of development of the remote mode of work. Also, in the process of technological renewal, the most vulnerable categories of workers (those who experience the greatest difficulties in mastering and using ICT) are identified. Determining which category will be the weakest depends largely on regional specifics of the organization and regulation of labor. However, one group finds itself in a persistently negative position — those with low incomes.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129638646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Social innovation in Russian cities: Assessing service management potential 俄罗斯城市的社会创新:服务管理潜力评估

Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.21638/spbu12.2022.407

A. Balashov, E. Vasilieva, Daria A. Stolyarova

{"title":"Social innovation in Russian cities: Assessing service management potential","authors":"A. Balashov, E. Vasilieva, Daria A. Stolyarova","doi":"10.21638/spbu12.2022.407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21638/spbu12.2022.407","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents a method for assessing the potential of social innovations in the cities of the Russian Federation based on the use of quality of life indicators provided by VEB.RF. The social innovative potential is the presence of a set of socio-economic development conditions that positively influence the creation, dissemination and use of innovations, both technical and managerial, in the provision of social services. In the course of the study a hierarchical clustering of the cities according to the obtained comprehensive assessment using Ward’s method was carried out. It was established that the cluster with high potential for emergence and development of social innovations includes only two cities out of studied 51 ones, the largest number of cities are included in the cluster with low level of potential. A high level of potential has been identified in small single-industry towns, with a homogenised population engaged in high-tech industry, with a high level of self-organisation and civic engagement. The population of cities with the lowest levels of potential is characterised by high levels of fragmentation, which is not compensated by higher levels of income. The key factors determining the potential are the activity of interaction within communities and the presence of organisations that carry out their activities in the social services sector. Thus, it can be assumed that increasing the potential for social innovation in Russian cities depends on the communication competences of local authorities and the establishment of a functioning system of social entrepreneurship, which brings to the fore the problem of integrating modern effective management methods into the social services sector.","PeriodicalId":135763,"journal":{"name":"Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Sociology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115955795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0