Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management最新文献

{"title":"A global nectar and pollen pesticide residue database with a user interface tool for calculating residue per unit dose for different pesticide application methods.","authors":"Larry Brewer, William- Warren-Hicks, Silvia Hinarejos, Max Feken, Timothy Joseph, Bridget F O'Neill, Don Catanzaro, Timothy B Fredricks","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pollinating bee dietary risk assessment for pesticide registration requires knowledge of nectar and pollen pesticide residue concentrations following different pesticide application methods to crops. The magnitude and duration of bee dietary pesticide exposures vary according to crop attractiveness to bees, physio-chemical properties, plant characteristics, application rate, method, and timing, and soil characteristics. Regulatory authorities rely on model-generated default estimates of pollinator exposure when measured food item pesticide residue data are unavailable for pesticide active ingredients. In North America, default pesticide residue estimates for pollen and nectar are imbedded in the United States Environmental Protection Agency's BeeREX model and, depending on the application method, are derived from various model approaches and data sources. Pursuing comprehensive bee-relevant data, we compiled and analyzed pesticide residue data from nectar and pollen samples collected during numerous field studies previously submitted to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, California Department of Pesticide Regulation, Canada Pesticide Regulatory Agency, and the European Food Safety Authority by pesticide product registrants. The information was compiled into a database that is accessible through an interactive Excel® user interface termed NPRUDv1. The interactive file that makes up NPRUDv1 allows the user to generate statistical estimates of pesticide residue per unit dose (RUD) values in nectar and pollen matrices for different application methods. The values can be used to calculate nectar and pollen estimated environmental concentrations (EECs) in models to assess dietary pollinator risk. The use of this database and the NPRUDv1 tool will strengthen the dietary exposure component of pollinator pesticide risk assessments by utilizing a database of field-measured pollen and nectar residue concentrations that represent pesticide use patterns in different crops. This publication describes the procedures followed to establish a globally comprehensive nectar and pollen residue database, demonstrates the use of NPRUDv1 and demonstrates its applicability to lower tier pollinator pesticide risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Leaching Calculator: A Tool for Predicting Leachability within the Framework of the New Mobility related Hazard Classes PMT and vPvM.","authors":"Judith Klein, Dimitrios Skodras","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf094","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we propose a new metric for substance mobility in extension to the already implemented use of the log Koc as a sorption constant to the organic carbon content of soils. The new metric is based on the leachability of a compound in soil, ie the fraction thereof that is predicted to be transported to shallow groundwater. Apart from including climate and soil properties of European regions, the degradation half-life in soil is used in addition to the log Koc as an important parameter. This improves the applicability of the mobility concept for substances used under European environmental conditions due to the important role of degradation on a substance's potential to pass drinking water barriers such as soil or sediment. To factor in these additional parameters, the meta-model Leaching Calculator was developed. It is based on FOCUS PELMO as the underlying model to calculate the leachability of substances. FOCUS PELMO is a mechanistic leaching model that may provide a more comprehensive understanding of a chemical's movements in the environment. While calculations with FOCUS PELMO require many substance parameters and well defined pedo-climatic scenarios, the Leaching calculator only uses the log Koc and the half-life in soil as input parameters, and subsequently calculates the leachability based on a set of PELMO computations. Mobility assessments are then derived from proposed leachability thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why are PFOS Ecological Surface Water Quality Criteria So Different Between Countries? A Review of Differences in Regulatory Guidance.","authors":"Belinda Goldsworthy, Bryant Gagliardi, Betsy Ruffle, Christine Archer, Craig W Davis, Paul Koster Van Groos, Anita Thapalia","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecological surface water quality criteria (SWQC) for perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) vary several orders of magnitude between jurisdictions. Such differences can undermine confidence in the SWQC and their scientific basis. The current study undertakes a sensitivity analysis to investigate the factors that drive the differences observed in the PFOS SWQC published by the United States of America (USA), Australia and Canada. Each jurisdiction follows a broadly similar three-step procedure when deriving SWQC: 1) selecting reliable ecotoxicological data from the literature (Variable 1, Study Selection); 2) extracting a suite of values that are protective of individual aquatic taxa (Variable 2, Data Reduction); and 3) deriving a final singular value that is protective of aquatic ecosystems (Variable 3, SWQC Derivation). We found substantial differences between the studies deemed reliable in each jurisdiction (Variable 1). Applying each jurisdiction's data reduction and SWQC derivation procedures (Variables 2 and 3) to the other jurisdictions' datasets showed generally comparable outcomes, except for Australia. Aspects of Australia's data reduction and SWQC derivation approach were unique and resulted in materially lower (ie, greater than an order of magnitude difference) SWQC values. We suggest clarification of the scientific rationale behind the decision-making for difference-driving steps and greater alignment between jurisdictions, based on sound scientific reasoning, to increase regulatory consistency and transparency and decrease overall uncertainty in promulgated SWQC.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144698364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sea of Plastic: A 20-Year Review of the Plastic Pollution Crisis in the Colombian Caribbean.","authors":"Lina M Zapata-Restrepo, Verónica Cristina Díaz Castrillón, Fernando J Parra Velandia","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastics are integral to modern life and are ubiquitous across various environmental matrices. However, their widespread distribution has resulted in persistent contamination, now recognized as a critical environmental issue. Over time, this problem has intensified alongside the exponential increase in plastic production, leading to millions of tons being released into the environment via direct and indirect pathways. This accumulation poses significant risks to marine biota and ecosystem health. Despite ongoing mitigation efforts, projections indicate that plastic pollution will continue to rise in the coming years. The Colombian Caribbean, a region of high biodiversity and diverse industrial activities, has been notably affected by plastic contamination. This literature review aims to evaluate the reported concentrations of micro- and macroplastics in various environmental matrices within the Colombian Caribbean by systematically analyzing studies published over the past two decades. A total of 25 studies investigating plastic pollution in water, sediments, and marine organisms were examined. Additionally, this review evaluates the methodologies employed across these studies, revealing discrepancies in sampling protocols, laboratory analyses, and units of reporting. The lack of standardization in these aspects limits the comparability of results, underscoring the urgent need for harmonized methodologies. To enhance the reliability and comparability of future research on plastic pollution, this review proposes key measures for standardizing sampling techniques, analytical procedures, and data reporting. Furthermore, the promotion of interdisciplinary collaborations, policy development, and educational programs is recommended to address the growing plastic pollution problem in the Colombian Caribbean and mitigate its long-term environmental impacts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Risk Assessment for Contaminants of Emerging Concern in the Belgian Part of the North Sea.","authors":"Qiyun Zhang, Simon Hansul, Moeris Samuel, Lynn Vanhaecke, Kristof Demeestere, Karel De Schamphelaere","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Belgian coastal waters are influenced by densely populated cities, industrial activities, and marine shipping, and they are therefore subject to chemical contamination. In the NewSTHEPS project (2012-2019), more than 150 contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) were detected in the Belgian Part of the North Sea, including hormones, personal care products (PCPs), pesticides, non-hormone pharmaceuticals, phenols, and phthalates. In this study, we developed and used an automated algorithm to calculate the marine screening level predicted no-effect concentration (PNECscreen) of substances, and to identify the organisms and organism groups most sensitive to these chemicals, based on ecotoxicological data from the ECOTOX Knowledgebase. By combining these PNECscreen values, existing Environmental Quality Standards (EQS) from the European Union (EU) Water Framework Directive (WFD), as well as predicted no-effect concentrations (PNECs) from other sources, with environmental concentrations of substances measured in the NewSTHEPS project, we assessed the risk of different classes of CECs at four sampling stations. The distribution of risks was comparable between open sea and harbor sampling locations, and also between samples collected with grab sampling and passive sampling. In total, 33 substances, including 11 hormones (natural and synthetic ones), two personal care products (PCPs), four pesticides, eight non-hormone pharmaceuticals, two phenols, and six phthalates, were found to be associated with potential environmental risks (median risk quotient > 1), with fish most frequently being the most sensitive organisms. The majority (23/33, ie > 80%) of these substances, particularly hormones and phthalates, have not been included in the EU WFD EQS directive's Priority List or associated Watch Lists. While the risks associated with pharmaceuticals were primarily driven by individual substances, hormones, phthalates, and pesticides with endocrine disrupting and/or neurotoxic potentials, were estimated to contribute to a 'something from nothing' effect, where mixture risk arises even when all individual components are present at concentrations below their effect thresholds.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144690093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to successful implementation of plastics management policies in Africa: A case study of South Africa's plastic pollution management challenges.","authors":"Mbuyiselwa Shadrack Moloi, Dana Kühnel","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plastic pollution is a critical environmental threat with far-reaching impacts on ecosystems, biodiversity, and human health, and has recently been recognized as part of the broader planetary crisis. While global efforts have advanced policies addressing plastics across their lifecycle, South Africa has made notable progress in domestic policy development, particularly through its ratification of international conventions targeting marine and transboundary plastic pollution. Despite this progress, significant challenges persist in translating policy into action. Domestically, although regulatory mechanisms exist-including those targeting single-use plastics and extended producer responsibility (EPR) schemes-implementation gaps remain. A key barrier is the lack of widespread environmental education and public awareness campaigns, which limits citizen engagement and behavioural change. Additionally, fragmented municipal waste systems and the exclusion of informal waste pickers from formal waste governance structures further exacerbate the issue. These systemic challenges result in persistent plastic accumulation in natural environments and the continued degradation of vulnerable ecosystems. The current paper recommends that any policy enforcement or green initiative be supported by coordinated national environmental awareness campaigns. Furthermore, informal waste pickers-who contribute significantly to plastic recovery-must be formally integrated into EPR schemes, as outlined in existing regulatory provisions. While policies targeting plastic bags are in place, enforcement is limited, and single-use plastics continue to pose significant challenges. To strengthen plastic waste governance, South Africa should consider a phased ban on problematic single-use plastics, coupled with the promotion of affordable, sustainable alternatives. Compared to other developing countries, South Africa has made commendable policy advances; however, a greater investment in citizen-focused implementation strategies is required. Without such action, well-crafted policies risk remaining ineffectual and failing to produce meaningful environmental outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144642491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential for contaminant biotransport by migratory fish prior to dam removal and selective fish passage in a Great Lakes tributary.","authors":"Brandon S Gerig, Ross Gay, Reid Swanson, Gord Paterson","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dam removals and fish passage can enhance aquatic connectivity but may also promote upstream transport of legacy contaminants by migratory fish. This study assessed the potential for contaminant biotransport in Michigan's Boardman River following the planned removal of the Union Street Dam and installation of FishPass, a selective fish passage facility. We quantified polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), mercury (Hg), and organochlorine pesticides in carcass and egg samples from migratory species including Chinook and coho salmon, migratory rainbow trout, common white and longnose sucker, lake trout, walleye, and sea lamprey. Chinook salmon exhibited the highest PCB concentrations in both carcasses and eggs, exceeding those of rainbow trout and native suckers. Similarly, Chinook salmon were predicted to deposit up to 2,200 mg of PCBs upstream under a high run size scenario-over 80 and 100 times greater than rainbow trout and native suckers. While suckers had lower individual contaminant burdens, their relatively large run sizes contributed moderately to potential contaminant biotransport compared to rainbow trout indicating an interaction between abundance and spawner contaminant burden. Stream-resident brook and brown trout in reaches open to migratory fish had higher PCBs and lower Hg concentrations than in closed reaches, likely reflecting dietary exposure to eggs and growth dilution. These results demonstrate that the potential for contaminant biotransport varies widely among migratory species and highlights the need for managers to consider both contaminant burden and run size when making fish passage decisions to balance ecological restoration with contaminant exposure risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144617409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title of the manuscript: Pesticide residue levels on crop seeds as diet for birds and mammals after foliar applications at late growth stages.","authors":"Michail Gioutlakis, Joachim Harald Nopper, Manousos Foudoulakis, Paula Garcia, Steven Kragten, Jan-Dieter Ludwigs, Kai Ristau, Jens Schabacker, Seamus Taylor, Martin Vallon","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf086","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Crop seeds that are formed on seed-bearing crops at late growth stages are a potential diet item of birds and mammals feeding in agricultural landscapes and may carry pesticide residues. This potential exposure route for birds and mammals is thus part of the European risk assessment framework for pesticide risk assessment. For assessing the risk, estimated residue concentrations on crop seeds are needed, which are typically expressed as RUD (Residue-per-Unit-Dose) values. However, proposed RUD values for seeds as given in relevant EU guidance documents were often not derived from actual crop seeds and are generally based on outdated data with unclear relevance for regulatory purposes. The objective of this work was to provide reliable crop seed RUD values representative for EU conditions and modern pesticides. For this purpose, industry field study data on crop seed residue levels for various pesticides resulting from spray application to crops at late growth stages were gathered and evaluated. This new, large data set is based on 178 residue trials and provides crop-specific data for cereals, sunflower, oilseed rape and pulses. The analysis revealed significantly lower RUD values across crops compared to current default values for use in wildlife risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144600300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four-parameter nonlinear regression and maximum achievable effect in ecotoxicology: Just visually appealing or relevant for risk assessment?","authors":"Benjamin Daniels, Udo Hommen, Monika Ratte","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjaf085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In ecotoxicology, ECx refers to the concentration that causes x% effect (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, 2006a). This seems to be a precise definition, but is typically only clear for ECx values calculated for inhibitions of metric variables from two and three parameter regressions, as they assume that the minimum of the affected variable is zero. In contrast, some four-parameter-regression (4PR) assume that the maximum achievable effect levels off at a value of the affected variable greater than zero. As a consequence, two types of ECx can then be calculated. While the absolute ECx considers effects always as a change compared to the control level, the relative ECx is related to the maximum achievable response to a stressor. In literature and in common software such as the drc package of R, the question whether absolute or relative ECx should be calculated is not handled in a uniform way. Based on a sensitivity analysis, it is shown, that depending on the steepness of the curve and the level of the lower limit, a relative ECx from 4PR can be considerably lower than the corresponding absolute ECx. Thus, the question of whether to use absolute or relative ECx should not be left to the preference of the user or arbitrary settings of the used software, but requires consistent and binding regulatory guidance. This paper does not advocate for absolute or relative ECx from 4PR, but outlines the characteristics and consequences of each approach. The objective is to highlight the need for discussion and to provide information for an informed decision. Future guidelines should address this issue in detail to ensure consistency, clarity and transparency in data interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144560041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in sediment: a source of PFAS to the food web?","authors":"Douglas Endicott, Robin Silva-Wilkinson, Dennis McCauley, Brandon Armstrong","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf010","DOIUrl":"10.1093/inteam/vjaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kent Lake is an impoundment of the Huron River in southeast lower Michigan. Fish collected from Kent Lake in 2017 had high concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in fillets, which resulted in a fish consumption advisory from the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services. In June 2018, a major source of PFOS was identified as the City of Wixom's wastewater treatment plant, which discharges treated effluent to Norton Creek and the Huron River five miles upstream of Kent Lake. An industrial facility, which has been in operation since approximately 2000, was found to be the source of high levels of PFOS to Wixom's sanitary sewer. A granular activated carbon system was installed at the facility, resulting in substantial reductions in PFOS concentrations in surface water and fish from Kent Lake. However, the PFOS decline in fish tissue reached a plateau at a level exceeding the \"Do Not Eat\" advisory threshold. This case study sought to explore the supposition that sediment is acting as an ongoing source of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) to the Kent Lake food web. We sampled PFAS in biota, sediment, and water from Kent Lake and a nearby reference lake in 2021. Biota (benthos, forage fish, and predator fish) were collected from both lakes and analyzed as whole-body composites for PFAS analytes. The results, including the patterns of PFAS contamination between the water, sediment, and biota samples as well as partition coefficients and bioaccumulation factors, are consistent with PFAS in sediment acting as an ongoing source of contamination to the biota in Kent Lake. This study's results for PFOS (the predominant PFAS in Kent Lake sediment and biota) and 6:2 fluorotelomer sulfonic acid (6:2 FTS) provide additional lines of evidence that sediment acts as a source of PFAS to the aquatic food web.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":"810-822"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143189130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}