Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management最新文献

{"title":"Natural variability of four ecotoxicological test species in soils-proof of concept at a regional scale and first step towards a national reference response.","authors":"Mathieu Renaud, Louveline Lépeule, Laura Centeno, Dominique Grandjean, Florian Breider, Sophie Campiche, Benoit Jean Dominique Ferrari","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ecotoxicological indicators could be an important tool in soil monitoring programs to help understand the effects and ecotoxicity of potentially contaminated soils. For soil, one of the most complex environmental matrices, they can elucidate questions regarding the bioavailability of contaminants. However, the use of ecotoxicological indicators in retrospective risk assessment, in particular monitoring, struggles with the lack of adequate reference sites and/or responses. In this study we aim to define a reference or normal response range by evaluating the natural variability in soils of 4 ecotoxicological indicators species (Folsomia candida, Enchytraeus crypticus, Brassica napus, Allium cepa) including 3 endpoints (reproduction, shoot length and root length). Two approaches were used to establish the normal response range, one based on variability towards a control response (minimum detectable differences and maximum tolerable inhibition) and a percentile response based on the variability within the natural test soils. For this, 32 natural soils from the Jura region of Switzerland were tested with the 4 ecotoxicological indicators. To ensure responses were not driven by background chemical concentrations samples were analysed for metal concentrations, as regulated by Swiss legislation and for 144 pesticide residuess. Pesticides concentrations in the selected soils were very low and higher metals concentrations were mostly of geogenic origin and did not appear to influence biological responses. Regarding biological variability, it was possible to determine normal operating ranges for all four ecotoxicological test species, and the percentile approach seems better suited for natural soils from the Jura region, for which LUFA 2.2 is not always very representative. The percentile approach shows a high potential as a methodology for setting reference response ranges based on the natural variability in soils. The approach now needs to be compared to potentially contaminated soils and extended to other biogeochemical regions to allow its use in monitoring programs.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148602354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The applicability of New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) in aquatic hazard and risk assessments of cosmetic ingredients: a case study of UV filters.","authors":"Damaris Cristine Marios Ferreira Pinto, Elisa Castro Wille Nonino, Natália Vita de Albuquerque, Andrezza Canavez Di Pietro Micali, Desiree Schuck Cigaran, Cynthia Pestana, Daniela Morais Leme","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Transitioning to Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) in cosmetics requires reliable non-animal methods for early ingredient selection. This study proposes an approach that integrates New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) to screen for persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxicity (PBT), endocrine active substance (EAS), and environmental risk (predicted environmental concentration-to-predicted no-effect concentration (PEC/PNEC) ratio) to support the selection of less toxic ingredients for product formulation. A case study of nine organic ultraviolet (UV) filters commonly used in cosmetics, with exposure scenarios adapted to the Brazilian context, was used to demonstrate the applicability of the proposed approach. The selected UV filters were: bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (BEMT), butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (BMD), diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate (DHHB), ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EMC), ethylhexyl salicylate (ES), ethylhexyl triazone (ET), octocrylene (OC), phenylbenzimidazole sulfonic acid (PSA), and tris- biphenyl triazine (TBT). For hazard predictions, PBT and endocrine activity were predicted using the freely available in silico tools QSAR Toolbox, VEGA, JANUS, Danish QSAR, T.E.S.T., and Endocrine Disruptome. In vitro data from the EPA ToxCast were included in the EAS evaluation. Using a majority consensus approach for integrating the in silico tools, ER activity was predicted only for ES. ToxCast data showed EAS potential for three of the four UV filters: OC and BMD (ER and AR antagonists), and ES as an ER agonist. Although results indicated some ingredients were toxic to aquatic life, under a conservative exposure scenario, PEC/PNEC ratios for water and sediment indicated acceptable environmental margins of exposure for PSA, BEMT, DHHB and TBT. In conclusion, hazard and risk assessments using NAMs data can be employed to identify UV filters of lower concern for aquatic environments and support the implementation of SSbD within the cosmetic industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental risk assessment of atrazine in a tropical river basin using regulatory exposure modeling in Brazil.","authors":"J A Rezende, O A de Carvalho Júnior, R P Scorza Júnior","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mathematical modeling and predictive simulation have improved Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) of pesticides, particularly in exposure characterization. This research applied the regulatory tool Pesticide in Water Calculator (PWC) to estimate environmental exposure to atrazine in surface waters of the Rio Preto Basin (Federal District, Brazil), a predominantly agricultural region within the Cerrado biome. Six conservative Tier 1 exposure scenarios for maize were developed to represent worst-case conditions under local edaphoclimatic and land-use conditions. Estimated Environmental Concentrations (EECs) were integrated with standard aquatic ecotoxicological endpoints to calculate Risk Quotients (RQs). Risk quotients (RQs) exceeded regulatory Levels of Concern (LOCs) for some exposure scenarios, particularly for algae, indicating greater sensitivity of primary producers among the evaluated taxa. A Tier 2 refinement incorporating conservation practices as mitigation measures reduced exposure estimates and associated risk. Refining exposure scenarios reduced atrazine EECs by more than 50%, rendering the risk acceptable under the analyzed conditions. The findings indicate that the development of exposure scenarios under tropical environmental conditions enhances the representativeness of risk estimates, strengthens the ERA process, and provides robust technical support for regulatory decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148591383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated assessment of wastewater pollution in a karstic coastal lagoon: linking nutrients, caffeine, stable isotopes, and fish physiological responses.","authors":"Xurxo Barral-Pintos, Jorge Herrera-Silveira, Elsa Noreña-Barroso, Gabriela Gaxiola, Vanesa Papiol","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coastal water pollution is a global problem, especially in karstic areas, where pollutants from point and non-point sources reach coastal systems. The Chelem Lagoon in the Yucatan Peninsula exemplifies such environments, where the presence and effects of pollutants have been previously reported. This study presents and evaluates an integrated assessment framework to characterize pollution sources and ecotoxicological impacts in complex coastal systems. This approach combines nutrient concentrations, caffeine (as an urban wastewater tracer), carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes, and a suite of physiological and biochemical biomarkers in the resident fish Sphoeroides testudineus and provides a valuable basis for informing environmental management in karstic environments. The results showed that our integrated approach successfully defined a longitudinal pollution gradient and revealed a complex, tissue-specific physiological response in S. testudineus. In the mid-lagoon (Chuburna area), the presence of caffeine indicated recent or ongoing wastewater inputs. The pollution gradient induced distinct stress profiles: the east (Progreso), characterized by high ammonium concentrations, showed biomarker responses consistent with localized physiological stress, including increased liver protein oxidation. Conversely, the west (accumulation zone), characterized by higher nitrate concentrations and δ15N in suspended and sedimentary particulate organic matter, exhibited different biomarker responses, including muscle acetylcholinesterase inhibition, catalase depletion, and higher liver lipid peroxidation. Overall, this integrated multi-biomarker framework, using S. testudineus as a sentinel species, provides a useful basis for characterising complex pollution patterns and assessing wastewater influence in coastal karstic lagoons. This framework is scalable and can support environmental monitoring and management in similar high-priority ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanotechnology and Plant-Microbe Interactions: Enhancing Symbiotic Relationships for Crop Resilience.","authors":"Oluwafemi Adebayo Oyewole, Samuel Adeniyi Oyegbade, Abdullah Albaqami","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The integration of nanomaterials (NMs) with plant-beneficial microorganisms has emerged as a promising strategy to improve crop resilience to abiotic stresses. Evidence from multiple studies indicates that NM-microbe co-application often enhances plant growth, nutrient uptake, biomass accumulation, and stress tolerance more effectively than either approach alone. Under drought and salinity stress, these combinations help maintain ionic balance, particularly higher K+/Na+ ratios, sustain photosynthesis, and reduce oxidative damage by increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase. Nanoparticles, including ZnO, Fe3O4, and SiO2, when combined with plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) or arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), stimulate root development, increasing water and nutrient acquisition. Additionally, NMs can reshape rhizosphere microbial communities by enriching beneficial taxa such as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, and Trichoderma while suppressing certain phytopathogens. Nanoformulated fertilizers and micronutrients further enhance nutrient use efficiency and may reduce dependence on conventional agrochemicals, supporting sustainable agricultural practices. However, the benefits of NM-microbe integration are not universal. Several studies report that some nanomaterials can inhibit beneficial microorganisms, including nitrogen-fixing bacteria and AMF, at concentrations only slightly above stimulatory levels, highlighting a narrow safety margin. Concerns also remain regarding NM persistence, soil-dependent mobility, trophic transfer through food webs, and potential disruption of soil microbial communities. This review evaluates both the advantages and risks of NM-microbe interactions, emphasizing the importance of dose, soil characteristics, and microbial strain selection. Current evidence, largely derived from short-term laboratory studies, remains insufficient to support widespread field application without long-term ecological monitoring, standardized assessment protocols, and evaluation of economic feasibility for smallholder farming systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148535625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating through Safe-and-Sustainable-by-Design (SSbD): Scoping Analysis with functionalized graphene oxide as a case study.","authors":"Irantzu Garmendia-Aguirre, Mónica Martinez-Junquera, Julio Gómez, Elvira Villaro Ábalos, Hubert Rauscher, Lya G Soeteman-Hernández, Ana Serrano-Lotina","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Safe and sustainable by design (SSbD) is key to the European Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS), which aims to reduce the negative impacts of chemicals, materials and products introduced onto the EU market on human health and the environment associated. The EC Joint Research Centre (JRC) SSbD methodological guidance published in 2024 introduced a Scoping Analysis that supports the contextualization of the assessment phase of the SSbD framework in R&I activities that now has been included in the revision of the SSbD framework. This article describes the application of the Scoping Analysis to a case study on graphene oxide functionalized with chitosan (N-acetylglucosamine) to be used as an alternative to the currently used flame-retardant additives for its application in battery cases in electric vehicles. The SSbD scoping analysis supports safety and sustainability assessments and identifies areas for improvement iteratively as the innovation progress towards full SSbD implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors governing the transition from active remediation of petroleum contamination in the subsurface to natural source zone depletion.","authors":"Kaveh Sookhak Lari, John L Rayner, Mike J Donn, Greg B Davis","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Petroleum releases remain a major cause of soil and groundwater contamination worldwide, entraining significant resources to remediate. Active remediation methods often face diminishing returns over time, usually reaching an endpoint in a few years, as mass is depleted and petroleum composition changes leaving less mobile and recoverable relative saturations. Prolonged active remediation efforts challenge sustainability metrics based on energy use and greenhouse gas production. Intrinsic biodegradation, volatilization and dissolution collectively deplete petroleum light non aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) mass, commonly referred to as Natural Source Zone Depletion (NSZD). Natural source zone depletion is typically evaluated for weathered petroleum releases, often after active recovery options have been exhausted. This study focuses on key factors that govern the transition to management of petroleum impacted sites via NSZD - i.e., when NSZD rates (commonly after weathering) adequately surpass what can be achieved by recovery methods. Based on decades of field monitoring, measurement, and modelling, the paper identifies key factors controlling the relative magnitude of active recovery versus NSZD mass removal rates leading to management via NSZD, and offers a conceptual roadmap towards addressing gaps in knowledge and understanding to allow confident transition to NSZD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AHP-Driven Decision Framework for Integrated Management of Parahypopta caestrum in Asparagus officinalis cultivation.","authors":"Giuliana Di Maria, Maurizio Prosperi, Ilaria D'Isita, Onofrio Marco Pistillo, Giacinto Salvatore Germinara, Antonio Seccia","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper examines the sustainability issues related to integrated pest management (IPM) strategies to combat the asparagus moth, Parahypopta caestrum [Hübner], a growing threat to asparagus cultivation in a leading production area located in the province of Foggia, Italy. P. caestrum inflicts severe damage by boring into roots and stems, particularly during the first 2-3 years post-transplanting, leading to yield reduction and long-term economic losses. Its cryptic behaviour, endophytic larval development, and the imperative to phase out chemical insecticides to mitigate the environmental footprint of agricultural practices pose significant management challenges. This study evaluates the environmental and economic sustainability of three IPM strategies: (1) mass trapping, (2) biological control, and (3) soil tillage. A two-step methodology is proposed. First, a sustainability analysis, conducted via Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle Costing (LCC), is adopted to assess science-based indicators; secondly, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) approach is employed to capture the preferences of key stakeholders (i.e., farmers, consultants, academics, and public authorities). The findings, derived from the final ranking of the three options, identify biological control (2) as the most preferred strategy (AHP weight of 0.458), followed by mass trapping (1) (weight 0.332) and soil tillage (3) (weight 0.209). Although this study must still be considered exploratory and limited to the specific context in which the experimentation was conducted, the results can contribute to policy debate regarding the social acceptability of large-scale intervention policies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148520242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organic UV Filter Exposure in Children of Indonesia, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia - Urinary Concentrations, Risks, and Potential Sources.","authors":"Daniel Bury, Suhyun Park, Katharina E Ebert, Raid Alakeel, May Alrashed, Ramadhan Tosepu, Erwin Azizi Jayadipraja, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Wissanupong Kliengchuay, Thomas Brüning, Holger M Koch, Kyungho Choi","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Public health concerns about organic UV filters are increasing, yet exposure levels among children remain poorly characterized. In particular, the contribution of non-sunscreen sources is still unclear. To address this gap, we recruited 301 children aged 6-11 years with limited sunscreen use from Indonesia, Thailand, and Saudi Arabia during 2017-2018. Human biomonitoring of octocrylene (OC), 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS), and homosalate (HMS) was conducted by analyzing eight novel urinary biomarkers using online-SPE-LC-MS/MS. Daily intakes were estimated by reverse dosimetry. Our results demonstrated widespread exposure to OC and EHS in children, whereas HMS exposure was rare. Significant inter-country differences were observed, with the highest concentrations of CPAA (biomarker for OC) in Thai children (92.3% > LOQ) and of 5cx-EPS (for EHS) in Indonesian children (76.4% >LOQ). Reported sunscreen use was not associated with urinary metabolite concentrations. None of the metabolites exceeded the HBM-I value; however, the maximum 5cx-EPS concentration (6.26 µg/L) approached this threshold. Among the children, OC and EHS exposures were not associated with reported sunscreen use, but were significantly associated with other potential sources, including antimicrobial soap use and fish consumption. Several country-specific sources were also identified: OC exposure was associated with recent wardrobe replacement (Indonesia), and frequent use of toilet detergents (Thailand), while EHS exposure was associated with the use of bath products in Indonesia and paper-based food storage containers (Saudi Arabia). These findings establish baseline exposure levels of major organic UV filters in children and highlight the importance of non-sunscreen sources in shaping exposure pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148470380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flood-induced mobilization of organic pollutants in Valencia after the 2024 DANA event: an integrated environmental risk assessment.","authors":"Maria Vittoria Barbieri, Aleix Balasch, Julio Fernández-Arribas, Ethel Eljarrat","doi":"10.1093/inteam/vjag110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/inteam/vjag110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The occurrence and distribution of organic contaminants mobilized by the October 2024 cut-off low (DANA) event that severely affected the province of Valencia (Spain) were analyzed by use of LC-HRMS and GC-MS/MS. Extreme rainfall generated approximately over 800,000 tonnes of sludge, much of which was redistributed across urban and peri-urban areas or transported to sensitive ecosystems such as Albufera Natural Park. Sludge and dust were analyzed for a broad spectrum of legacy and emerging organic pollutants, including pesticides, legacy and emerging brominated flame retardants, short-chain chlorinated paraffins, plastic additives, and personal care products. All contaminant classes were detected in both matrices, with particularly high concentrations of phthalates and certain pesticides. Legacy compounds such as lindane, DDT metabolites, and PBDEs were frequently identified, indicating remobilization of historically contaminated sediments. Dust samples generally exhibited higher total contaminant loads than sludge, dominated by plasticizers (notably DEHP and DINP). Environmental risk was assessed using the hazard quotient (HQ) approach based on sediment PNECs. Several pesticides (e.g., cypermethrin, heptachlor epoxide, lindane) and plastic additives (notably DEHP) showed HQ values exceeding 1, with worst-case scenarios indicating substantial ecological risk. These estimates reflect a screening-level assessment and are subject to uncertainties in exposure and toxicity data, and should therefore be interpreted as indicators of potential risk. Considering the large volume of sludge generated, the event may have mobilized significant quantities of pollutants posing potential threats to downstream aquatic systems, although the magnitude cannot be fully determined without baseline data. While dust inhalation may represent a secondary human exposure pathway, current evidence suggests limited immediate public health risk. These findings underline the role of extreme climatic events as vectors of diffuse chemical contamination and underscore the need for integrated post-disaster environmental monitoring and risk management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13557,"journal":{"name":"Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148436458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}