Infectious diseases now最新文献

{"title":"Update of guidelines for management of community acquired pneumonia in adults by the French infectious disease society (SPILF) and the French-speaking society of respiratory diseases (SPLF). Endorsed by the French intensive care society (SRLF), the French microbiology society (SFM), the French radiology society (SFR) and the French emergency society (SFMU)","authors":"Aurélien Dinh , François Barbier , Jean-Pierre Bedos , Mathieu Blot , Vincent Cattoir , Yann-Erick Claessens , Xavier Duval , Pierre Fillâtre , Maxime Gautier , Yann Guegan , Sophie Jarraud , Alban Le Monnier , David Lebeaux , Paul Loubet , Constance de Margerie , Philippe Serayet , Yacine Tandjaoui-Lambotte , Emmanuelle Varon , Yves Welker , Damien Basille","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 2","pages":"Article 105034"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143515497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the effectiveness of the varicella vaccine in primary and secondary school students in Qingdao, China: A matched case–control study","authors":"Zhongyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhisheng Ren ,&nbsp;Ping Hu ,&nbsp;Xiaofan Li ,&nbsp;Sitong Liu ,&nbsp;Peng Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The effectiveness of varicella vaccination strategies needs to be further evaluated. The vaccine effectiveness (VE) of the varicella vaccine was evaluated, and changes in VE of varicella vaccination in primary and secondary school students in Qingdao, China, over time were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>We conducted a 1:3 matched case–control study, using data from the Chinese Information System for Disease Control and Prevention, Qingdao Student Health Examination Management System, and Qingdao Immunization Program Information System. VE of the varicella vaccination was estimated using conditional logistic regression modeling.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 3,249 varicella cases and 9,747 matched controls were included. One- and two-dose varicella vaccination had VE of 31.95 % (95 % confidence interval [CI]: 25.05 %–38.20 %) and 82.02 % (95 % CI: 78.33 %–85.07 %), respectively, and the incremental VE (two-dose versus one-dose vaccination) was 73.57 % (95 % CI: 68.26 %–78.00 %). VE remained at 71.46 % 10 years after the two-dose varicella vaccination, compared with a considerable decrease in VE to 29.73 % approximately 3–5 years after the one-dose varicella vaccination. VE of two-dose varicella vaccination was not related to the time interval between the two doses. The risk of varicella infection decreases with the number of doses of varicella vaccine received and with the age at which the first dose is given and increases with time after the last dose.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Two-dose varicella vaccination provides better protection for children and is therefore recommended for inclusion in China’s national immunization program.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 105049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143527028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HIV infection in transplant patients in Brazil: An unprecedented and untoward episode","authors":"Camila Vantini Capasso Palamim ,&nbsp;Luiz Felipe Azevedo Marques ,&nbsp;Matheus Negri Boschiero ,&nbsp;Fernando Augusto Lima Marson","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 105042"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143537084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safe early switch to oral antibiotics in immunocompetent adults with intracranial bacterial suppurations: Retrospective of a 25-year experience in a tertiary care centre","authors":"Aurélie Besnard ,&nbsp;Anne-Marie Korinek ,&nbsp;Rémy Bernard ,&nbsp;Lamine Abdennour ,&nbsp;Bertrand Mathon ,&nbsp;Camille Bombled ,&nbsp;Alice Jacquens ,&nbsp;Alexandre Bleibtreu ,&nbsp;Vincent Degos","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Switching antibiotic therapy from intravenous to oral route (IVOS) has become the standard of care for many deep-seated infections. IVOS seems applicable to intracranial bacterial suppurations (ICBS) with a good safety profile but remains debated and has shown insufficient evidence to be recommended in the latest guidelines. We hypothesize that early IVOS is not associated with a poorer neurological prognosis.</div></div><div><h3>Material</h3><div>We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study in a French tertiary hospital between October 1998 and June 2022. We included adult patients neuro-surgically treated for ICBS, who survived early hospitalization. The primary endpoint was to determine if outcome was associated with the duration of intravenous antibiotic therapy prior to IVOS. Secondary endpoints were total duration of antibiotic treatment, adverse effects and safety parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We analysed data for 190 patients of whom 91 % underwent IVOS, after a median 9 days (IQR 5–15) of intravenous route. Patients with a favourable 6-month outcome (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended ≥ 7) were more likely to receive shorter intravenous treatment (8 (IQR 5–15) <em>versus</em> 13 (IQR 5–23) days, <em>p</em> = 0.035). Patients having undergone early IVOS had fewer surgical revisions (p = 0.002). Treatment side effects did not differ between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In patients with intracranial bacterial suppurations who have undergone surgery and are adequately monitored, switching from intravenous to oral antibiotics was not associated with a worse outcome, even when performed early. The absence of association between IVOS and death or poorer outcome requires confirmation in further studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 105043"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143531460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, biological, metabolic, and immune changes associated with the use of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in people living with HIV","authors":"Vincent Guiraud ,&nbsp;Delphine Sauce ,&nbsp;Randa Bittar ,&nbsp;José Fernandez ,&nbsp;Henri Thévenet ,&nbsp;Elisa Teyssou ,&nbsp;Rana Alkouri ,&nbsp;Dominique Bonnefont-Rousselot ,&nbsp;Anne-Geneviève Marcelin ,&nbsp;Vincent Calvez ,&nbsp;Valérie Pourcher","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Positive cardiovascular and renal outcomes associated with the sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) use are attributed to their anti-inflammatory properties. Persistent immune activation accounts for part of the elevated cardiovascular risk of people living with HIV (PWH), but SGLT2i impact on this population has been poorly described.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All PWH with a history of SGLT2i treatment from May 2020 to April 2023 receiving care at Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (Paris, France) and with available pre- and post-treatment blood samples were included. Clinical and biological data were extracted from medical records, metabolic and immune biomarkers from cryopreserved plasma samples.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Most of the 20 patients with SGLT2i treatment were men (75 %), with a median [IQR] age of 59 years [55;68], receiving antiretroviral therapy for a median of 21.5 years [15.3;26.5]. Most had type 2 diabetes (95 %), chronic kidney disease (90 %), dyslipidemia (80 %), and hypertension (75 %). SGLT2i treatment was associated with a median weight loss of 3 kg, an increase in hematocrit, and decreased AST levels. LDL, HDL, oxLDL, and Lp-PLA2 levels were unaffected. SGLT2i was associated with inflammasome inhibition and with decreased circulating levels of IL-1β and IL-8. We also observed a decrease in cytokines associated with the recruitment and activation of monocytes-macrophages MCP-1, MIP-1α, MIP-1β, Eotaxin, RANTES, IL-8, and their positive feedback, IL-13/IL-4. Decreased IL-6, CRP, and sCD14 levels were not significant.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>SGLT2i was associated with weight loss and a significant impact on innate immunity in PWH, with inhibition of inflammasome and monocyte-macrophage activation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 2","pages":"Article 105040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture yield of 1st and 2nd biopsy in bacterial non-mycobacterial spondylodiscitis in a university hospital","authors":"R Cronier ,&nbsp;F Grados ,&nbsp;J Meynier ,&nbsp;D Michel ,&nbsp;JP Lanoix ,&nbsp;P. Fardellone ,&nbsp;V Goëb","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In cases of infectious spondylodiscitis (ISD) where blood cultures are negative, disco-vertebral puncture-biopsy (DVPB) is recommended. In the event of a sterile result, existing literature does not definitively answer the question of whether to initiate empirical antibiotic therapy or to conduct a second DVPB. The aim of this study was to assess the culture yield of DVPB in ISD and to identify the factors associated with a positive DVPB.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A retrospective single-center study was conducted, encompassing all adult patients with ISD having undergone DVPB between 01/01/2009 and 31/10/2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 177 patients were included. The yield of the first DVPB was 48.6 %. The second DVPB yielded 8.7 % (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Factors significantly associated with the yield of the first DVPB included younger age (<em>p</em> = 0.003), higher CRP levels (<em>p</em> = 0.0496), larger needle size (<em>p</em> = 0.023), and histopathology supporting ISD (<em>p</em> = 0.001), while prior antibiotic therapy (<em>p</em> = 0.001) is a factor associated with negative culture. The second DVPB increased the culture yield by 19.3 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The yield of the second biopsy is lower than that of the first biopsy but provides an additional diagnostic gain of 19.3%. Antibiotic therapy prior to DVB significantly decreases their yield. The utility of routine post-DVPB blood cultures appears to be limited.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 105041"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143440724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of an antimicrobial stewardship program on the appropriate use of carbapenems in a French university hospital (CARBACAI study)","authors":"Julia Santucci ,&nbsp;Guillaume Saint-Lorant ,&nbsp;Aurélie Baldolli ,&nbsp;Christophe Isnard ,&nbsp;Pascal Thibon ,&nbsp;Arnaud de La Blanchardiere","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To study compliance with national guidelines for carbapenem (CP) use.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>We performed a two-year prospective monocentric and interventional study in a French university hospital. The study was based on three phases (observation (P1), intervention (P2), and post-intervention (P3)) and ended 10 months after intervention. Compliance of CP prescriptions was based on predetermined criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 330 prescriptions assessed, treatment adequacy on Day 3 increased from 32.3 % (n = 42/130) during phase P1 to 72.2 % (n = 70/97) during phase P3 (p &lt; 0.01), with a significant impact on indications, dosage, and duration of treatment but not on CP choice. There were no significant changes in overall CP consumption.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Implementing an educational antimicrobial stewardship program for hospital CP proper use had a positive impact. Educational reminders are essential to support these improvements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 2","pages":"Article 105039"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143425218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partner treatment strategies for Chlamydia and Gonorrhea: Time for a reappraisal","authors":"Lea Ben Said ,&nbsp;Anne Conrad ,&nbsp;Sander De Souza ,&nbsp;Dulce Alfaiate ,&nbsp;Florence Ader ,&nbsp;Anne-Sophie Batalla ,&nbsp;Matthieu Godinot","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Epidemiological treatment for suspected <em>Chlamydia trachomatis</em> (CT) and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</em> (NG) infections is recommended for exposed partners before laboratory confirmation, within 14 days of exposure to reduce symptoms, break transmission chains, and prevent loss of follow-up. This approach may lead to potential antibiotic overuse by uninfected individuals, thereby enhancing antimicrobial resistance. This study investigated the accuracy of epidemiological treatment for CT and NG.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>Retrospective cross-sectional analysis conducted on asymptomatic exposed partners presumptively treated for CT and/or NG in Lyon’s Sexual Health Clinics between January and December 2023. The positive test rate results of exposed and treated patients were assessed, along with the frequency of potential antibiotic overuse (<em>i.e.</em>, receiving at least one unnecessary antibiotic treatment). The association of potential antibiotic overuse with pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV, age, gender, sexual orientation, and type of contact was also evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 141 patients who received epidemiological treatment, the concordance rate between the test and the reported exposure was 44.8 % for CT and 28.1 % for NG. The proportion of potential antibiotic overuse was 59.6 % (84/141). Potential antibiotic overuse was less common among patients exposed to CT than NG (<em>p =</em> 0.006). Self-identified women (compared with men) and heterosexual (compared with those with other sexual orientations) experienced lower rates of potential antibiotic overuse (<em>p =</em> 0.045 and 0.003, respectively)<em>.</em></div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Given the good follow-up at our clinics, waiting for the laboratory diagnosis before initiation of treatment appears reasonable and would avoid nearly 60% of unnecessary antibiotic treatments in CT and/or NG asymptomatic exposed partners.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 3","pages":"Article 105038"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143414081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on “Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: Comparison of clinical and radiological features”","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong ,&nbsp;Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 2","pages":"Article 105037"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143399158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world use, effectiveness, and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam: Results of the French cohort OZAVIE","authors":"Lionel Piroth ,&nbsp;Virginie Vitrat ,&nbsp;Vincent Le Moing ,&nbsp;Philippe Bret ,&nbsp;Yves Brault ,&nbsp;William Greenwood ,&nbsp;Marie-Charlotte Chopin ,&nbsp;Eric Vicaut ,&nbsp;Philippe Montravers ,&nbsp;Pierre Tattevin ,&nbsp;Alexandre Bleibtreu ,&nbsp;on behalf of the OZAVIE research group","doi":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.idnow.2025.105036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While difficult-to-treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria infections increase over time, the real-world effectiveness, use, and safety of ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ-AVI) for treating hospitalized patients was assessed in 41 French centers.</div></div><div><h3>Procedures</h3><div>OZAVIE was a prospective, multicenter, observational study conducted between March 2019 and November 2021. Hospitalized adult patients having initiated CAZ-AVI for infections within 14 days before enrolment were eligible. Demographic, clinical, microbiological, and therapeutic data were collected. Outcome was categorized as “failure” if the patient died from the initial infection, or if the infections persisted and required another antibiotic or surgery, or if CAZ-AVI was discontinued due to intolerance, and as “global success” otherwise. Patients whose outcome was not “failure”, did not die and required no other antibiotics during the index hospitalization were categorized as “therapeutic success”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>257 patients were enrolled: 76 females/181 males, mean age 58.4 years, with diabetes (30.0 %), chronic renal failure (25.7 %), end-stage liver disease (9.3 %) and/or immunocompromised (31.1 %). CAZ-AVI was prescribed for nosocomial pneumonia (34.2 %), complicated urinary tract infections (17.5 %), complicated intra-abdominal infections (14.8 %) and other specified sites (27.6 %). The main pathogens were <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> (52.4 %), <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. (34.9 %), <em>Enterobacter</em> spp. (18.4 %). Global and therapeutic successes were observed in 79.0 % and 63.4 % of patients, respectively, and 28-day mortality was 20.2 %. Overall, adverse events possibly related to CAZ-AVI were reported in 17.4 % of patients, including serious AEs in 6.2 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>CAZ-AVI is effective and well tolerated for treating various infections – including difficult-to-treat infection sites – and for treating various infections strains, including <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Enterobacter</em> spp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":13539,"journal":{"name":"Infectious diseases now","volume":"55 2","pages":"Article 105036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143386680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}