Indoor air最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Assessment of Thermal and Visual Comfort in Immersive Virtual Environments Based on Varied Activity Intensity: A Pilot Experimental Study","authors":"Victor Adetunji Arowoiya,&nbsp;Robert Christian Moehler,&nbsp;Yihai Fang","doi":"10.1155/ina/2258335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2258335","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Activity levels are crucial in thermal comfort (TC) studies, and specific activities determine the choice of visuals in building design for users. This research presents a pilot study for the experimental design to assess comparability between visual scenarios and TC in controlled settings under different activity intensities for an immersive virtual environment (IVE) while sampling unregulated environments. This experimental design compares two distinct metabolic activity intensities, comparing observations between unregulated and virtual thermal controlled environments. Observations were conducted in Monash University Makerspace, an unregulated environment, to understand users’ thermal and visual perceptions based on activity intensities, clothing levels, and lighting. The observations in a controlled setting were carried out in the simulated IVE where participants were exposed to 18°C, 24°C, and 30°C with cool white light simulation. Data were analyzed using interval plots and linear regression which indicates higher thermal sensations, discomfort, and heat when carrying out high-intensity activity for the same clothing level. In comparison, in the controlled setting, the same behavioral intention selected in the IVE applied to the unregulated environment. Previous studies have not explored whether TC aligns in virtual reality (VR) for different activity intensities, especially for high-intensity activity. Also, there is a need to understand how thermal and visual comfort is influenced by visual scenarios under varied activity intensity and thermal condition changes. A feasibility study using VR for low-intensity activity in a controlled climate shows changes in visual perception during different thermal conditions. The study contributes to understanding the feasibility of the experimental design of VR for the TC changes’ observations based on two activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2258335","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143564847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Mold Management in Negative-Pressure Isolation Wards During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Potential Indicator of COVID-19-Associated Pulmonary Aspergillosis","authors":"Jin Yeong Hong,&nbsp;Jae-Hoon Ko,&nbsp;Jinyoung Yang,&nbsp;Kyungmin Huh,&nbsp;Sun Young Cho,&nbsp;Cheol-In Kang,&nbsp;Kyong Ran Peck,&nbsp;Tae Yeul Kim,&nbsp;Hee Jae Huh,&nbsp;Nam Yong Lee,&nbsp;Doo Ryeon Chung","doi":"10.1155/ina/8961340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8961340","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High concentration of mold spores in inhaled air is an important risk factor for invasive mold infections. COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019)-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is a serious complication of severe COVID-19. To investigate the mold distribution in negative-pressure isolation wards and its potential association with CAPA incidence, we conducted microbiological air sampling and retrospectively analyzed CAPA cases in a tertiary care hospital in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. Air sampling was conducted in January 2022 at multiple sites in four negative-pressure isolation wards designated for managing severe COVID-19 patients. A portable microbial air sampler (MAS-100 NT) was used for air sampling, and Tryptic Soy Agar plates were incubated to identify mold isolates at the genus level. CAPA cases (January 2021–June 2023) were defined by antifungal treatment, mycological evidence (serum galactomannan index &gt; 0.5), and radiological findings. Immunomodulator use, including dexamethasone and tocilizumab, was analyzed to identify clinical risk factors influencing CAPA incidence. Among the isolated molds, <i>Aspergillus</i> (86.7%) was the most prevalent, followed by <i>Penicillium</i> (53.3%), <i>Mucorales</i> (20%), and <i>Paecilomyces</i> (13.3%). Mold concentrations were highest in areas adjacent to a construction site. Intervention procedures, including installing air purifiers and reinforcing seals between the adjoining construction site and isolation ward, effectively reduced mold concentrations and paralleled a decline in CAPA incidence. While increased foot traffic after the relaxation of COVID-19 restriction measures led to a rise in spore concentration, the incidence of CAPA did not increase, likely due to the decreased use of immunomodulators such as corticosteroids and tocilizumab. Construction-related mold spore increases can be mitigated with appropriate interventions, and pedestrian traffic near isolation wards may need regulation. Monitoring and mitigating environmental mold contamination are crucial to preventing opportunistic respiratory mold infections in negative-pressure isolation wards and should be interpreted in conjunction with clinical risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/8961340","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Air Curtain Control Efficacy in Preventing Contaminant Transmission in Cleanrooms","authors":"Junzhou He,&nbsp;Hongtao Xu,&nbsp;Mingrui Cao,&nbsp;Qianshun Liang,&nbsp;Saichong Zhang,&nbsp;Miao Yu,&nbsp;Haiyang Liu,&nbsp;Zhijian Liu,&nbsp;Jingwei Liu","doi":"10.1155/ina/8831086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8831086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Maintaining high air cleanliness in cleanrooms is crucial in manufacturing processes and scientific research. However, personnel movement can breach the sealed environment, allowing contaminant to enter cleanrooms due to disturbance created. Air curtains are a traditional solution to limit air exchange, but their control efficacy in preventing contaminant transmission into cleanrooms requires careful evaluation. In this study, factors influencing the air curtain control efficacy such as the air curtain’s supply area, personnel movement speed, and temperature difference were evaluated using computational fluid dynamics with dynamic grid technology. The results indicated that increasing the air curtain’s supply area reduced contaminant concentration in cleanrooms; however, the effectiveness in blocking contaminant transport did not improve beyond a certain supply area (0.4 m²). High personnel movement increased contaminant influx, and maintaining a low speed (0.25 m/s) significantly reduced the overall influx. As the personnel movement speed increased from 0.25 to 1.50 m/s, the total amount of contaminant increased from 2.5 × 10⁻⁸ to 7 × 10⁻⁷ kg/s. When the temperature difference decreased from 7°C to 1°C, the average dimensionless concentration of contaminant in cleanrooms after personnel movement decreased from 8.5 × 10⁻³ to 1 × 10⁻⁴. Generally, air curtains perform well but require precise design. On the basis of these findings, future research can further complement overlooked factors and enable more detailed design and control, thereby improving the efficiency and sustainability of cleanroom design and control strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/8831086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Virions and RNA in Aerosols From COVID-19 Environments","authors":"Consuelo Ferrer,&nbsp;Noelia Gómez-Sánchez,&nbsp;Jaime López-Botella,&nbsp;Violeta Esteban,&nbsp;Paloma Ruíz,&nbsp;Eduardo Yubero,&nbsp;Javier Crespo,&nbsp;Eusebi Chiner,&nbsp;María Francisca Colom","doi":"10.1155/ina/8861794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8861794","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Background:</b> Characterizing aerosols produced by SARS-CoV-2 patients is crucial for understanding disease transmission. The appearance and dispersal patterns of SARS-CoV-2 viral particles in airborne samples are not yet well understood. Knowing what SARS-CoV-2 particles look like just before they pass from one person to another can provide valuable insights into the mechanism of viral transmission through the air.</p><p><b>Methods:</b> Samples from the upper respiratory tract and environmental aerosols were collected from 39 SARS-CoV-2–positive patients at different stages of symptom onset and from two distances from the source: 1 and 2 m. In addition, two nasopharyngeal samples from non-COVID-19 patients and aerosol samples from empty rooms and rooms of healthy individuals were taken as controls. Samples were analyzed by RT-PCR to detect viral RNA and by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) to visualize viral particles. Part of the nasopharyngeal and aerosol samples was studied by immunoelectron microscopy using nanogold particles against the spike protein to confirm the specific of the method.</p><p><b>Results:</b> SARS-CoV-2 RNA was detected in 59.18% of aerosols from the environments of COVID-19 patients, with no significant differences based on distance. Higher detection rates were noted when the patient’s viral load was Ct ≤ 25. Intact viral particles were observed in nasopharyngeal samples from asymptomatic patients or those early progression of disease, either as free or clumped particles with well-defined spikes. In contrast, symptomatic patients had particles in mucus without visible spikes. Virus-like particles were visualized in aerosol samples at both distances.</p><p><b>Conclusion:</b> Virions from asymptomatic patients or those in the early stages of the disease exhibited a better-conserved appearance in nasopharyngeal samples. Although RNA and virions of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in aerosol samples collected up to 2 m away from patients, only virion components, rather than complete virions, were observed. To our knowledge, this is the first report showing the appearance of three-dimensional SARS-CoV-2 particles in nasopharyngeal and air samples.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/8861794","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Association Between Indoor Air Pollution and Lung Cancer Risk in a Chinese Population","authors":"Fang Fang,&nbsp;Jin-Yi Zhou,&nbsp;Claire H. Kim,&nbsp;Zi-Yi Jin,&nbsp;Xing Liu,&nbsp;Liming Li,&nbsp;Lina Mu,&nbsp;Ming Wu,&nbsp;Jin-Kou Zhao,&nbsp;Zuo-Feng Zhang","doi":"10.1155/ina/9937960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9937960","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Though indoor air pollution (IAP) is associated with elevated lung cancer risk, an integrated measure is imperative to thoroughly investigate this association. The interplay between sex and IAP on lung cancer remains unclear. We conducted a population-based case-control study in Jiangsu Province, China, from 2003 to 2010, with 2871 lung cancer cases and 8019 controls. Exposures and covariates information were collected via in-person interviews using a standardized questionnaire. An integrated weighted risk score (WRS), accounting for the effect sizes of each source of IAP, was introduced. Unconditional logistic regression was employed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Interactions between sex and IAP by tobacco smoking status were evaluated. Environmental tobacco smoking (ETS) (aOR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.40, 1.69), poor ventilation (aOR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.07, 1.30), and coal used for cooking (aOR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.15, 1.41) were associated with lung cancer. Dose-response relationships between lung cancer and WRS were observed, with <i>p</i> for trend less than 0.001. aOR for individuals at the highest quartile of the WRS of IAP was 1.74 (95% CI: 1.52, 2.00) compared to the lowest quartile. The associations were more profound among never-smokers than ever-smokers. Females tended to be more vulnerable to IAP, and sex interacted with IAP beyond multiplicativity on the odds scale. IAP is associated with lung cancer, with a stronger impact among never-smokers. An interaction between IAP and sex was observed. These results underscore the importance of controlling IAP, especially ETS in order to reduce the risk of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9937960","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Reliability of CO2 Measurements Using Low-Cost Sensors: A Study of Sensor Positioning and Ventilation Strategies in Classrooms","authors":"Daniel Marín,&nbsp;Alba Alegría-Sala,&nbsp;Lluc Canals Casals,&nbsp;Marcel Macarulla,&nbsp;Jordi Fonollosa","doi":"10.1155/ina/5517242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/5517242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 emergency evidenced the value of keeping indoor spaces properly ventilated, which increased the interest in CO₂ loggers. However, when monitoring, many significant variables are often overlooked, such as sensor specifications, the position of the system with respect to the airflow path (or occupants), and the relationship between these variables and the ventilation system of the room. With the purpose of properly standardizing future indoor air quality measurements in classroom settings, this study evaluated the results of a measurement campaign consisting of 33 individual measurements performed on site during 5 months in primary schools and university classrooms. This work uses <i>d</i>CO₂/<i>d</i><i>t</i> to identify CO₂ tendencies while taking into account classroom topology and ventilation. Results show that variables such as their position and the ventilation strategy of the room often outweigh the sensor specifications, causing spatial discrepancies beyond 100 ppm. Along with the results, recommendations for future measurements are discussed in order to avoid nonrepresentative estimations of the CO₂ level of indoor spaces.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/5517242","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143497280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective and Restorative Effects of Biophilic Design in High School Indoor Environments on Stress and Cognitive Function","authors":"Li Mengqi,&nbsp;Yin Jie,&nbsp;Xu Leiqing","doi":"10.1155/ina/8696488","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8696488","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Mental health is a significant concern for teenagers. Given that about 80% of Chinese high school students spend the majority of their time indoors on campus, school environments present opportunities not just for learning but also for reducing students’ stress and promoting their well-being. Previous research has shown that direct interactions with natural elements such as green plants have restorative effects, but limited attention has been given to indirect interactions with nature. We investigated the impact of three design forms—nonbiophilic, curved, and biomimicry—within school corridors and classrooms on Chinese high school students’ stress and cognitive functions. We employed a combination of subjective assessments and objective measurements to examine the protective and restorative impacts of these three design forms and utilized virtual 3D models in order to control confounding environmental variables during a visual experience. Through virtual reality simulations involving 96 participants, we collected physiological responses, including skin conductance level, heart rate, indicators of heart rate variability, and cognitive responses, including creativity and attention test scores, to evaluate participants’ changes in stress levels and cognitive performance. Our results indicated that indirect exposure to nature, particularly curved forms, facilitates greater cognitive improvement and stress reduction, whereas nonbiophilic forms offer enhanced stress protection benefits. Therefore, learning environments with nonbiophilic design may be more suitable for tasks that induce stress, such as classes and examinations. Learning environments that feature curved biophilic forms may be better suited for promoting relaxation, creativity, and attention.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/8696488","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CO2- and PM2.5-Focused Optimal Ventilation Strategy Based on Predictive Control","authors":"Young Jae Choi,&nbsp;Eun Ji Choi,&nbsp;Jae Yoon Byun,&nbsp;Hyeun Jun Moon,&nbsp;Min Ki Sung,&nbsp;Jin Woo Moon","doi":"10.1155/ina/6652442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/6652442","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study developed and evaluated an optimal ventilation strategy for variable air volume (VAV) systems, targeting carbon dioxide (CO₂) and particulate matter less than 2.5 <i>μ</i>m in diameter (PM_2.5) concentrations. The strategy integrates system-level demand-controlled ventilation (DCV) based on real-time occupancy data and zone-level predictive control using indoor air quality (IAQ) prediction models. By predicting indoor CO₂ and PM_2.5 levels for the subsequent time step and dynamically adjusting control priorities, optimal airflow is determined. A co-simulation model integrating EnergyPlus, CONTAM, and Python was employed for model training and testing. The proposed strategy was compared with on–off control, CO₂ predictive control, and PM_2.5 predictive control, demonstrating superior prediction accuracy and stable IAQ maintenance. The optimal ventilation strategy achieved the highest performance, maintaining CO₂ and PM_2.5 levels below their respective upper limits of 100% and 97.33% of the time. Although this strategy resulted in slightly higher energy consumption compared to the other control algorithms due to its multivariable control approach, it effectively maintained IAQ standards. This method simplifies development and maintenance by circumventing the need for complex optimization, providing a flexible and cost-effective solution for IAQ management. Future research will focus on developing integrated VAV system control strategies that ensure comfort year-round, addressing both energy efficiency and thermal comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/6652442","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Winter Prebedtime Footbath on Sleep Quality in Young Men: A Pilot Study","authors":"Bin Yang,&nbsp;Bo’an Wei,&nbsp;Miao Guo,&nbsp;Zhenjing Wu,&nbsp;Minzhang Liu,&nbsp;Ruiqi Guo,&nbsp;Luting Bai,&nbsp;Haichuan Zhao,&nbsp;Zhe Li,&nbsp;Pengju Liu,&nbsp;Jiahua Li,&nbsp;Faming Wang","doi":"10.1155/ina/2260185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/2260185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In order to explore reasonable prebedtime interventions to improve the sleep quality of the youth population, this experiment comprehensively investigated the effect of prebedtime footbath on the improvement of youth sleep quality. The experimental conditions of the experimental group were to take a 30-min footbath at 40°C 1 h before bedtime, to compare the experiment with the control group that did not take footbath, and to strictly control other environmental parameters that may affect sleep quality. We recorded the sleep of 16 male subjects using a subjective sleep quality questionnaire and polysomnography (PSG) and recorded their distal skin temperature (DST) and proximal skin temperature (PST) during footbath and sleep using temperature records. The skin temperature data showed that footbath before bedtime helped to increase DST and accelerate heat dissipation from the terminal skin, which in turn increased the distal–proximal skin temperature gradient (DPG), and we found that the DPG of the experimental group was higher than that of the control group for 84.8% of the time during the whole night’s sleep. Both subjective questionnaire and PSG monitoring results showed that sleep quality and sleep calmness could be effectively improved by taking a 30-min 40°C bedtime footbath 1 h before bedtime. The subjective sleep quality questionnaire score of the control group was only 84.1% of that of the experimental group. There were significant differences between the control and experimental groups in total sleep time (TST), sleep-onset latency (SOL), wake after sleep onset (WASO), and arousal index (AI) (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared to the control group, the experimental group showed a 43.4-min increase in TST, a 14.9-min decrease in SOL, a 32-min decrease in WASO, a 3.28 beats/hour decrease in AI, and a 9.0% increase in sleep efficiency by performing a prebedtime footbath. This study quantitatively describes the effect of prebedtime footbath on the improvement of sleep quality in young men and provides an effective reference for the rational improvement of sleep quality in young people.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/2260185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing Performance and Reliability of Collocated Enhanced Children’s MicroPEM (ECM) on Gravimetric and Nephelometric PM2.5 Personal Exposure Samples in Field Measurements in Rural Guatemala","authors":"Erick Mollinedo,&nbsp;John P. McCracken,&nbsp;Michael Johnson,&nbsp;Ricardo Piedrahita,&nbsp;Ajay Pillarisetti,&nbsp;Lance A. Waller,&nbsp;Jiantong Wang,&nbsp;Lisa M. Thompson,&nbsp;Anaite Diaz-Artiga,&nbsp;Oscar de Leon,&nbsp;Alexander Ramirez,&nbsp;Alejandro Polanco,&nbsp;Devan Campbell,&nbsp;Katherine A. Kearns,&nbsp;Jacob Kremer,&nbsp;Laura Nicolaou,&nbsp;Maggie L. Clark,&nbsp;Kalpana Balakrishnan,&nbsp;Ghislaine Rosa,&nbsp;Jennifer L. Peel,&nbsp;William Checkley,&nbsp;Thomas F. Clasen,&nbsp;Luke P. Naeher","doi":"10.1155/ina/8812602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/8812602","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Traditional gravimetric instruments used for personal air pollution exposure measurements are often cumbersome and noisy and do not offer real-time assessment capability. The Enhanced Children’s MicroPEM (ECM) is a comparatively lightweight and quiet instrument designed to capture both integrated filter-based gravimetric samples and real-time continuous (nephelometric) particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 2.5 <i>μ</i>m or less (PM_2.5) concentrations. We assessed the performance and reliability of collocated ECMs in a subset of pregnant women participating in a randomized controlled trial in Guatemala to test a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) cookstove (intervention) versus biomass (control) for cooking. We compared average daily (24 h) PM_2.5 concentrations for the paired gravimetric (<i>n</i> = 219) and paired adjusted nephelometric (<i>n</i> = 221) samples using Spearman correlation and Bland–Altman agreement; we also assessed reliability based on the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and root mean square error (RMSE). Median PM_2.5 gravimetric concentrations were 93.5 <i>μ</i>g/m³ (interquartile range (IQR) = 52.6–160.5) and 21.4 <i>μ</i>g/m³ (IQR = 12.0–32.0) in the control and LPG intervention groups, respectively; the median adjusted nephelometric concentrations were 83.7 <i>μ</i>g/m³ (IQR = 47.6–148.9) and 22.6 <i>μ</i>g/m³ (IQR = 17.5–29.7) in the control and LPG groups, respectively. Spearman correlations were higher in the control arm (0.91) than in the LPG intervention arm (0.67) in the gravimetric comparisons. The same trend was observed for adjusted nephelometric measurements in the control (0.92) and intervention arms (0.75). ICC values were high in both gravimetric (0.93) and nephelometric (0.95) collocations. Small differences in RMSE were observed for the gravimetric (26.69 <i>μ</i>g/m³) and nephelometric collocations (31.76 <i>μ</i>g/m³). Our findings demonstrate strong reliability between collocated ECMs for both gravimetric and adjusted nephelometric PM_2.5 personal exposure samples in rural Guatemala.</p><p><b>Trial Registration:</b> ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02944682</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/8812602","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}