Indoor air最新文献

{"title":"Meta-Analysis and Regression Modeling of the Impacts of Four Indoor Environmental Quality Metrics on Office Performance","authors":"Kevin Keene,&nbsp;Kieren McCord,&nbsp;Ammar H. A. Dehwah,&nbsp;Wooyoung Jung","doi":"10.1155/ina/6840369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/6840369","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Awareness of how buildings interact with the occupant experience—especially human performance—is becoming more prevalent, as seen by increasing interest and investment in healthy built environments. However, there is a need to synthesize the wide array of existing indoor environmental assessment and performance research in a way that can translate directly to building design and operation. Existing research in this area typically focuses on a single isolated metric and has not focused on making the results utilizable by building practitioners. The aim of this research is to investigate existing office performance literature through meta-analyses and produce regression models for four indoor environmental quality (IEQ) metrics to support critical decision-making for building operation and renovation. To reach this aim, a literature review was conducted to identify studies that measure the impact of changing ventilation rate, temperature, horizontal illuminance, and noise level in offices on occupant task performance. This repository of field and laboratory studies was analyzed to visualize the trends between the selected IEQ metrics and task performance. The temperature, ventilation rate, and horizontal illuminance regression models showed clear improvement potential when modifying indoor conditions toward the defined high-performance range, while the regression model for noise level was inconclusive. The discussion notes the importance of designing holistically for all components of these IEQ categories to utilize the results, for example, good filtration on outdoor air for quantifying ventilation impact and uniform overhead lighting with low contrast for quantifying horizontal illuminance impact. The novelty of this work is in considering multiple facets of the indoor environment under a single, unified analysis schema and producing IEQ-based performance gains that can directly inform cost-benefit analyses of building design and renovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/6840369","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143845962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Carbon Dioxide Exposure for Residents and Staff of Nursing Homes: A Field Monitoring Study in Spain","authors":"Alba Fuertes,&nbsp;Rory V. Jones,&nbsp;María Teresa Baquero,&nbsp;Roger Vergés,&nbsp;Nuria Forcada","doi":"10.1155/ina/4153784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/4153784","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Providing high air quality is crucial to the health and well-being of older people living in nursing homes. A measurement study was undertaken in 22 communal rooms of five nursing homes in Spain to investigate the effects of heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, room characteristics, and occupant activities on the indoor air quality. The study included 196 periods of data collection (equivalent to 5282 measurements). To the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study of indoor air quality in Spanish nursing homes. The study found that mean CO₂ concentrations were consistently below established standards, although notable peaks were evident due to specific activities. Natural and cross ventilation had a clear role in maintaining CO₂ concentrations below recommended levels. The findings indicate that lower occupancy density may be required in rooms where high-CO₂-generating activities take place, such as gym–physiotherapy rooms. The results showed that the older residents and staff were both more thermally comfortable at higher CO₂ concentrations. This suggests that striking a balance between air quality and thermal comfort is necessary. The study provides useful insights for the design of ventilation systems and spatial layouts of nursing homes, which can achieve higher levels of indoor air quality and occupant well-being.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/4153784","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143831459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Edge-Docker–Based Architecture for Intelligent Indoor Air Quality Management With Sensing Calibration and Automatic Controlling","authors":"Ming-Feng Wu,&nbsp;Meng-Zhe Zhong,&nbsp;Hsueh-Yuan Tsai,&nbsp;Young-Shen Tseng,&nbsp;Chih-Yu Wen","doi":"10.1155/ina/1031975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/1031975","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Reports show that poor indoor air quality can be harmful to vulnerable groups and lead to various health problems. To address this problem, this work proposes a management architecture for enhancing indoor air quality by integrating the analytical learning models and regulation of indoor and outdoor pollutant concentrations, which coordinates the activation or deactivation of the pollutant control devices. The proposed system incorporates predictive and calibration functionalities to enhance overall system stability and effectiveness. This work tests the prediction accuracy of multilayer perceptron and recurrent neural network models. The experimental results show that the bidirectional long short-term memory (Bi-LSTM) with a land use regression (LUR)–based feature extraction model achieves the best predictive performance with a mean absolute error of 5.74 and a mean absolute percentage error of 15.7%, respectively. Comparing the existing Bi-LSTM work for PM2.5 prediction, the proposed Bi-LSTM model with feature selection delivers superior accuracy by about 14.58% in terms of the mean absolute error performance. To further assess the system feasibility, a self-designed air box with the Docker technology is developed to customize system parameters for various monitoring needs. The system has undergone validations through Ansys indoor airflow simulation software and scenario testing, demonstrating its effectiveness and great promise for the rapid removal of indoor pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/1031975","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143793904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Seasonal Variation of Indoor Radon in Campania: Preliminary Findings","authors":"Filomena Loffredo,&nbsp;Daniela Pacella,&nbsp;Maria Quarto","doi":"10.1155/ina/5158897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/5158897","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study focuses on the indoor radon gas monitoring in 30 residences in Campania to evaluate seasonal variability. Approximately 570 CR-39 solid-state detectors were employed. Measurements were taken monthly, quarterly, semiannually, and annually, starting in October 2022 and ending in September 2023. The seasonal variability was assessed using the Gini coefficient, with quarterly and semiannual values being comparable at 6% and 7%, respectively, while the monthly measurements exhibited a higher Gini coefficient, 13%. The measurements were conducted in accordance with the UNI ISO 11665-4:2021 standard. This preliminary study investigates the seasonal variability of radon concentration in Campania. The results obtained may support future research on a larger scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/5158897","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Elevation of the Mass Concentration Ratio of PM10 to PM1 in Printing Shop Was Associated With Small Airway Impairment","authors":"Hongbo Wang,&nbsp;Lizhi Lyu,&nbsp;Yu Xu,&nbsp;Shengyuan Wang,&nbsp;Langzhi He,&nbsp;Zihui Li,&nbsp;Chen Li,&nbsp;Hasen Bilige,&nbsp;Yun Wang","doi":"10.1155/ina/9343864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9343864","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Currently, there is a substantial amount of research on the impact of long-term exposure to printing shop particles (PSPs) on worker health. However, the effects of short-term exposure to PSPs on consumer health and the appropriate exposure metric for assessing the health risks of PSPs remain unclear. In this study, a two-stage crossover experiment was conducted, in which 20 healthy adults were randomly exposed to different size distributions of PSPs during two separate experimental periods. Lung function of the participants was tested before and after PSP exposure, and blood samples were collected for analysis. The results indicated that, compared to traditional particle exposure metrics such as mass and number concentration, the ratio of PM₁₀ to PM₁ mass concentration (PMC₁₀/PMC₁) was a more suitable metric for evaluating PSP exposure risks. After exposure to PSPs, participants showed a decline in lung function. As the PMC₁₀/PMC₁ ratio increased in two experimental periods, lung function indicators associated with small airways, such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV₁), FEV₃, forced expiratory flow at 25% of FVC exhaled (FEF₂₅), FEF₇₅, and FEF_25-75%, significantly decreased. Blood biochemical test results revealed an increase in potassium levels in the serum of participants, potentially related to small airway damage caused by PSPs. In summary, this study proposes a more suitable exposure metric to evaluate the health impact of PSPs and other nanoparticles, offering epidemiological evidence on the health effects of short-term exposure to these substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9343864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thermal Comfort Assessment of an Indoor Swimming Pool in a Hot Climate: A CFD and HAP Simulation Study","authors":"Houssameldin M. Mohamed,&nbsp;Abdellatif M. Sadeq,&nbsp;Ahmad K. Sleiti,&nbsp;Samer F. Ahmed","doi":"10.1155/ina/4502431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/4502431","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study thoroughly investigates thermal comfort conditions within an indoor swimming pool in a desert climate resembling the climatic conditions of regions like Qatar, known for its scorching summers and mild winters. The research focuses on a 17.6 × 11.7 m indoor swimming pool, assessing its response to extreme outdoor conditions: 43.3°C dry-bulb temperature and 33.3°C wet-bulb temperature for summer, and 17°C dry-bulb temperature and 10.6°C wet-bulb temperature for winter. Design considerations maintain indoor temperatures in the range of 24°C–29°C year-round, aligning with ASHRAE Handbook recommendations for indoor swimming pools. The study encompasses a comprehensive analysis, including the calculation of pool evaporation rates and the resulting latent heat load gain. Hourly Analysis Program (HAP 4.9), a specialized cooling load calculation program, was employed to determine the essential thermal load required to maintain optimum indoor conditions. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, employing ANSYS Fluent 19.2 and incorporating standard turbulence and moisture content models following a meticulous grid independence study, were conducted. The results highlight distinct average indoor conditions for both summer and winter, encompassing parameters such as air temperature, air velocity, and relative humidity. The research outcomes, assessed using predicted mean vote (PMV) and predicted percentage of dissatisfied (PPD), indicate comfort in summer and slight warmth in winter, serving as a valuable reference for future research on desert pool and greenhouse designs, ultimately enhancing indoor environmental quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/4502431","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726941","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indoor and Outdoor Heavy Metal Contamination in the City of Morelia, Mexico: A Case of Citizen Science During the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Mario Torres,&nbsp;Ángeles Gallegos,&nbsp;Anahí Aguilera,&nbsp;Dante López,&nbsp;Avto Goguitchaishvili,&nbsp;Francisco Bautista","doi":"10.1155/ina/4900521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/4900521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Heavy metal contamination of street dust in the city of Morelia is well-documented; however, contamination of indoor dust remains largely unexplored, despite people spending most of their time indoors. Given the mobility restrictions during the COVID-19 pandemic, it was necessary to engage citizens in science; a total of 480 samples (60 houses, 4 weeks, two locations: indoor and outdoor) were collected by citizens, and general information was recorded in an app developed for this research. Heavy metal concentrations were measured by x-ray fluorescence. Contamination factor, pollution load index, and human health risk assessment were carried out. Contamination was moderate for Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zr and high for Zn. Contamination action limits were proposed based on local background values. Indoor concentrations of Cu (90 mg/kg), Pb (45 mg/kg), and Zn (731 mg/kg) were higher than outdoor concentrations, while outdoor concentrations of Fe (34217 mg/kg), Mn (838 mg/kg), and Sr (399 mg/kg) were higher than indoors. Mn, Fe, and Pb had the highest hazard indices (&gt; 0.1) for children’s health; ailments can be expected due to Mn and Pb exposure to indoor and outdoor dust. In addition, the extreme values of Cu, Ni, and Zn were also higher than 0.1 and, therefore, these extreme values posed a risk to children’s health, both indoors and outdoors. This research was made possible through citizen science, and now, citizen participation is also essential for managing polluted dust exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/4900521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Flow-Through Air Purification Device in Removing Aerosolized SARS-CoV-2","authors":"C. K. Law,&nbsp;Joseph H. K. Lai,&nbsp;Roger G. N. Sze-To,&nbsp;R. S. Tuttle,&nbsp;K. Solocinski,&nbsp;J. E. Wilkinson,&nbsp;B. M. Cox,&nbsp;C. N. Huerter,&nbsp;W. A. Sosna","doi":"10.1155/ina/6684377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/6684377","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic, attributed to the highly infectious nature of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has prompted the exigent need for the development and evaluation of effective countermeasures. Previous studies have found that antimicrobial technology and increased ventilation can dilute virus concentration in the air or destroy SARS-CoV-2 on indoor surfaces, reducing the risk of spreading COVID-19. However, evidence showing the efficacy of air purifiers equipped with high-efficiency filters in the direct removal of aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 is limited. To plug this research gap, a study was pursued in which aerosolized virology testing was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a flow-through air purification device in removing aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 (Delta variant). The device was equipped with an internal fan, a high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filter, UVC-LEDs, and an ionizer for multipass large-volume air recirculation. TCID₅₀ assays were conducted to quantify and compare the infectious SARS-CoV-2 with and without the operation of the device. It was found that the air purifier was highly effective in removing aerosolized SARS-CoV-2 virus, achieving over four-log reduction within 36 s of operation and under 10 equivalent air changes in the test chamber. These findings suggest that the tested air purifier is a useful countermeasure against the spread of COVID-19 in enclosed spaces. Further research is warranted to evaluate the efficacy of air purifiers in real-world indoor environments to ascertain the wider implications of using such purifiers in safeguarding public health against COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/6684377","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of an Electrostatic Precipitator With a Novel Dry-Cleaning Apparatus for Building Ventilation Systems","authors":"Yeawan Lee,&nbsp;Ye-Sle Kim,&nbsp;Gwangtaek Lee,&nbsp;Haneol Lee,&nbsp;Yong-Jin Kim,&nbsp;Bangwoo Han,&nbsp;Hak-Joon Kim","doi":"10.1155/ina/9929558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/9929558","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrostatic precipitators (ESPs) offer a durable solution for enhancing indoor air quality. However, traditional cleaning techniques often pose financial burdens and result in issues such as electrode degradation and particle re-entrainment, which is crucial for building management. In this study, we introduced an ESP with a novel dry-cleaning apparatus tailored for indoor air purification systems. The novel cleaning apparatus utilized a combination of compressed air-blasting and vacuum suction mechanisms to dislodge and extract particles from the collection plates. Moreover, the ESP incorporated a two-stage design featuring a charger equipped with carbon brush ionizers and a collector comprising carbon ink–coated plastic plates. This design not only mitigates ozone emissions but also reduces installation costs. Our results revealed a consistent cleaning efficiency exceeding 98% under optimal operational conditions, restoring reduced collection efficiency due to contamination. Finally, we conducted field demonstration experiments in subway stations. We retrofitted an air handling unit with our ESP system and dry-cleaning apparatus, showing a collection efficiency of 99.4% for PM₁. To validate the efficacy of our dry-cleaning apparatus, we conducted a 16-day test at a vent outlet of a subway station. The field demonstration of the dry-cleaning apparatus showcased nearly flawless recovery of collection efficiency to the initial state. In summary, our investigation represents a significant advancement in overcoming the prevailing challenges associated with ESP utilization in indoor air purification applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/9929558","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ventilation Effectiveness: Overview of Terminology and Analysis of Influencing Parameters","authors":"Paul Hennies,&nbsp;Erik Bertram,&nbsp;Konstantinos Stergiaropoulos","doi":"10.1155/ina/5224598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/ina/5224598","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ventilation effectiveness evaluates the performance of ventilation systems by assessing air exchange and contaminant removal. Optimising ventilation effectiveness in mechanical ventilation systems reduces the required supply airflow rate while maintaining adequate indoor air quality. This review clarifies inconsistent definitions of ventilation effectiveness in standards and literature and provides a comprehensive overview of terms, definitions, and relevant parameters. The review also analyses the influence of variable and building-fixed parameters on ventilation effectiveness using data from selected studies. Contaminant position and supply/exhaust position had the greatest impact on ventilation effectiveness, with maximum absolute changes of 2.1 and 0.94, respectively. Variable parameters, such as air change rate and temperature difference, showed moderate mean absolute changes of 0.28 and 0.15 but significant maximum deviations of 0.85 and 0.4. Building-fixed parameters, including room size and aspect ratio, showed the least influence, with mean absolute changes below 0.1. These results highlight the importance of parameter interactions, such as short-circuit flows caused by higher air velocities. In EN 16798-1:2022, design values for required airflow are based on a ventilation effectiveness of 1. However, the analysis shows large variations around this value, indicating potential deficits in air quality and opportunities for energy savings. This review highlights the need for holistic system design and consideration of parameter interactions to optimise energy efficiency and air quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":13529,"journal":{"name":"Indoor air","volume":"2025 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/ina/5224598","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}