Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum最新文献

{"title":"The Effectiveness Of Islamic Law Implementation To Address Cyber Crime: Studies In Arab, Brunei Darussalam, And China","authors":"U. Hasanah","doi":"10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1348","url":null,"abstract":"Technology development cause crime in the world that keep fluctuating and changing.  Cyber crime is one of crime activities which takes place in the internet and develop fast globally, even faster than the conventional crime. Cyber crime is not only about computer-crime, cyber-terrrorist, cyber-narco-terrorist, but also capable to make impact toward state economy. This paper aims to understand the implementation of Islamic law or Islamic criminal law to see cyber crime. Islamic criminal law has been developed many years ago before arrival of information technology. This paper describes how Arab, Brunei Darussalam, and China reduce crime by adoption of islamic law. Islamic law what meant here is a law based on Islam, not a law made by Muslims then applied by Muslims. Islamic law can be practiced in every single country, although they don’t declare explicitly or they think that what have they done is not islamic law. Islamic law contains general principles to respon and develop efficient ways to overcome cyber-crime.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126892576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Government Policies On Profession Zakat","authors":"N. Kasim","doi":"10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1347","url":null,"abstract":"The significant potential of zakat on profession needs to be actualized through a clear regulation. The targets of zakat on profession are: Ministry or State Institutions, Local Government, State-owned Enterprises, Local Government Owned Enterprises, even other professions that have a high income. The government's efforts to facilitate zakat on profession are solely aimed at making the mechanism of zakat management to be good, transparent and integrated into a system. However, zakat levies should have a specific rule that is binding all citizens, especially all Muslim Civil State Apparatus (henceforth called as ASN) who certainly meets the applicable regulations. For those who have income and already reach nishab or nominal income limit must pay zakat, while the ones whose incomes do not reach nishab are not obliged to do such a thing. Gorontalo province is one of the regions whose population is predominantly Muslim and has potential in terms of Islamic values-based economic development. Therefore, there needs to be a strict regulation to regulate zakat on profession, so that the utilization of zakat can help to alleviate the burden of the poor. By the existence of regulation, people who pay and receive zakat are equally having the benefits of zakat. This is to say that government has a prominent role and responsibility in optimizing the enactment of zakat on profession since the reality of the most significant zakat received by BAZNAS (Islamic board which oversees the collection of Zakat) in Gorontalo province is from ASN and other professions income.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131999717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objektifikasi Qisas Dan Diyat: Sebuah Tawaran Pembaharuan KUHP","authors":"Akhmad Sulaiman, Nurani Ikhlas","doi":"10.22515/alahkam.v3i1.1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/alahkam.v3i1.1339","url":null,"abstract":"The reporting media indicates that the killing ceses in Indonesia keep on rise. It means that applying killing criminal law that refers to KUHP is not effective. This condition requires KUHP reforming because the right of human life must be vouched by the government. The criminal law of Indonesia must punish a killer more forceful. The writers offer qisas and diyat to be applied in Indonesia but they have to pass through objectification. According to Kuntowijoyo, objectification is interpreting religion's internal doctrines into objective categories in order to be able to be applied, actualized, and accepted by moslem and nonmoslem. It is research and development that strives for developing Kuntowijoyo's objectification on KUHP reforming. With changing qisas term into die punishment, diyat into compensation for victim's family, and adjusting with objective condition in Indonesia, qisas and diyat will be accepted by every national of Indonesia and become solution of criminal law of Indonesia that is not effective.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131489117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatwa Sebagai Media Social Engineering (Analisis Fatwa MUI di Bidang Hukum Keluarga Pasca Reformasi)","authors":"Danu Aris Setiyanto","doi":"10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i1.1342","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i1.1342","url":null,"abstract":"Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk menelaah bagaimanakah peran fatwa Majelis Ulama Indonesia (MUI) sebagai social engineering, dan bagaimanakah implikasinya di bidang hukum keluarga Islam. Kedudukan fatwa yang merupakan bagian dari produk hukum Islam sangat urgen dalam eksistensi menentukan keadilan dan rekayasa sosial (social engineering). Eksistensi fatwa mengimplikasikan dinamika perkembangan hukum Islam sebagai jawaban realita sosial dalam menemukan keadilan berdasarkan syariat Islam. Di tengah pluralisme hukum pada era reformasi, masyarakat muslim Indonesia pada umumnya menerima fatwa MUI tentang hukum keluarga dengan baik. Sifat fatwa yang bersifat kasuistik, tidak memiliki daya ikat, dan dinamis telah mendorong adanya rekayasa sosial dalam masyarakat muslim Indonesia khususnya di bidang hukum keluarga. Kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap fatwa telah mengarahkan bahwa fatwa menjadi penentu hukum. Fatwa dinilai oleh masyarakat memiliki nilai-nilai dimensi ketuhanan dan dimensi keadilan sosial secara bersamaan.Sehingga keputusan atau peraturan negara melalui pengadilan yang tidak selaras dengan hukum Islam dapat dimediasi dengan kehadiran fatwa terkait. Fatwa MUI juga telah mampu menjadi jawaban bahkan penyeimbang kontroversi hukum negara dan agama dalam masyarakat. Kekuatan fatwa yang demikian mengarahkan dan menunjukkan kepada nilai-nilai ketuhanan dan cara berpikir, bertindak masyarakat muslim Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134061355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Objektifikasi QiṢās Dan Diyat: Sebuah Tawaran Pembaharuan KUHP","authors":"Akhmad Sulaiman, Nurani Ikhlas","doi":"10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i1.1339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i1.1339","url":null,"abstract":"The reporting media indicates that the killing ceses in Indonesia keep on rise. It means that applying killing criminal law that refers to KUHP is not effective. This condition requires KUHP reforming because the right of human life must be vouched by the government. The criminal law of Indonesia must punish a killer more forceful. The writers offer qiṣās and diyat to be applied in Indonesia but they have to pass through objectification. According to Kuntowijoyo, objectification is interpreting religion’s internal doctrines into objective categories in order to be able to be applied, actualized,  and accepted by moslem and nonmoslem. It is research and development that strives for developing Kuntowijoyo’s objectification on KUHP reforming. With changing  qiṣās term into die punishment, diyat into compensation for victim’s family, and adjusting with objective condition in Indonesia, qiṣās and diyat will be accepted by every national of Indonesia and become solution of criminal law of Indonesia that is not effective.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133293003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menakar Progresivitas Hukum Wakaf dalam Pengembangan Wakaf Uang di Indonesia","authors":"Mansur Efendi","doi":"10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1470","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1470","url":null,"abstract":"This study explained the progressivity of waqf law in Indonesia, especially cash waqf development. The progressivity of waqf law is good enough to respond to global challenges or field needs. The progressivity of waqf law in Indonesia can be observed from the development of waqf’s act regulations from pre-independence era until the post-reformation era. In cash waqf, there is fundamental law progressivity. It marked by act No. 44 year 2004 about waqf. Those act described new paradigm must be built on waqf management in Indonesia.  Furthermore, those act also gave a space for cash waqf as a part of waqf development in Indonesia. Another progressivity which appeared in those act is waqf treasure object. Act No. 44 year 2004 confirmed that waqf treasure object is not only immovable object,  as public understanding, but also applied on the movable object. Furthermore, the progressivity of waqf law has reached on waqf management and its institutional aspect. At least, this progressivity described collective awareness on the strategic role of waqf in Indonesia’s economics.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133863438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect Of Young Age in Murder Felony (Comparative Study Between Islamic Jurisprudence and Indonesian Law)","authors":"I. Haq, M. Bedong, A. Syatar","doi":"10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1343","url":null,"abstract":"This research was a comparative study on the effect of young age in the crime of murder between Islamic jurisprudence and Indonesian law. The presence of children around us needs attention, especially with regard to their behavior, which is out of control. the phenomenon of their deviation is one of the negative social phenomenon which required protection, guidance and education. According to previous studies, children who deviated and were not controlled would become a criminal when he reaches adulthood. Nowadays, the children's delinquency is widely spread, they are involved in committing crimes such as drugs, theft, fighting, and increased to murder. This research will focus on the murder committed by under age children, because murder is a very dangerous crime to the indivdual life and is one of the law violation againts the five  principles of shariah (daruriyat al khamsah).","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129092017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Konsepsi Marital Rape dalam Fikih Munakahat","authors":"Muhammad Syaifuddin","doi":"10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam.v3i2.1399","url":null,"abstract":"Marital rape menjadi kajian penting dalam isu-isu gender dalam beberapa dekade terakhir di Indonesia. Para penggiat kesetaraan gender ­–khususnya feminist – menggambil peran dalam menyuarakan marital rape sebagai bagian kekerasan dalam rumah tangga, yang bagi pelakunya bisa dikenai pidana. Terbitnya UU No. 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan Dalam Rumah Tangga (PKDRT) menjadi jawaban terhadap kegelisaan para penggiat HAM khususnya untuk perempuan akan keberpihakan negara dalam melindungi setiap warga yang mendapatkan tindakan kekerasan sekalipun dalam ruang private, yaitu rumah tangga. Jika sebelumnya, kekerasan dalam rumah tangga tidak diatur khusus dalam KUHP dan hanya menjadi delik aduan umum, dalam UU PKDRT diatur dengan jelas dan rigid, marital rape dikategorikan ke dalam kekerasan seksual dan pelakunya dikenai hukuman pidana 12 tahun penjara atau denda sebesar 36 juta rupiah. Namun menjadi ironi jika kita melihat ke dalam litaratur fikih munakahat belum banyak dikemukakan pendapat ahli tentang bagaimana konsep dan hukum marital rape. Maka menumbuhkan kesadaran para ahli fikih akan petingnya konsep marital rape mutlak diperlukan, sehingga bukan hanya berdasar kepada ketentuan dalam hukum positif saja, tapi ketentuan dalam hukum Islam yang tegas terhadap marital rape.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115843835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatwa DSN MUI In Managing The Dispute Settlement Of Sharia Economic In Indonesia Through Basyarnas","authors":"Nunung Radliyah, Dewi Nurul Musjtari, Ro’fah Setyowati","doi":"10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I2.1346","url":null,"abstract":"Sharia Council is an institution that plays a role in securing the standard of Sharia in every Islamic Financial institution in the world. In Indonesia, the role is conducted by the National Sharia Council (DSN) established by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) in 1998, strengthened by the Decree of the MUI Leadership Board. Kep-754/MUI/II/1999 dated February 10, 1999. The existence of MUI DSN in managing the settlement of sharia banking disputes has not been fully recognized by the people of Indonesia. It can be seen in the implementation of sharia contracting in sharia banking has not yet decided dispute resolution option through National Syariah Arbitration Board (BASYARNAS). The purpose of writing a paper is to know the legal basis of the binding force of the Fatwa DSN in arranging the settlement of dispute Sharia Economy in Indonesia through BASYARNAS and its consequences for the Islamic financial institutions (LKS) who disobey the fatwa DSN. This research is a normative research with the philosophical, juridical and sociological approach. Data analysis with qualitative descriptive. The results of this study indicate that the legal basis of the power of the DSN Fatwa in regulating the settlement of Sharia Banking disputes is Article 26 of Law No. 21 Th. 2008 and Article 31 of Decree of the Board of Managing Directors of Bank Indonesia Number 32/34/1999. There will a negative impact for LKS do not comply with the content of the DSN Fatwa, such as the difficulty in carry out its activities, aside of negatively influencing the performance and level of credibility of DPS in LKS.","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114659167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Kebijakan Formulasi Delik Agama dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana yang Baru","authors":"A. Zulkarnaen, Kristian Kristian, M. R. Aridhayandi","doi":"10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I1.1338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22515/AL-AHKAM.V3I1.1338","url":null,"abstract":"Tulisan ini akan membahas kebijakan formulasi delik agama dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana yang baru yakni dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana versi tahun 2015. Hal ini menjadi penting karena sila pertama dari Pancasila sebagai falsafah hidup, jiwa, pandangan, pedoman dan kepribadian bangsa Indonesia sekaligus menjadi falsafah bangsa dan Negara serta menjadi sumber dari segala sumber hukum di Indonesia adalah “Ketuhanan Yang Maha Esa”. Ini berarti, Indonesia adalah salah satu negara berTuhan dan memiliki filosofi Ketuhanan yang mendalam serta menempatkan agama sebagai sendi utama dalam kehidupan bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara. Dalam kedudukannya sebagai Negara hukum khususnya Negara hukum Pancasila (sebagai religious nation state), agama menempati posisi sentral dan hakiki dalam seluruh kehidupan masyarakat yang perlu dijamin dan dilindungi (tidak dapat dikurangi dalam keadaan apapun) sebagaimana diamanatkan oleh Undang-Undang Dasar 1945 sebagai Konstitusi Negara dan Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia No. 39 Tahun 1999 tentang Hak Asasi Manusia bahkan agama dan kerukunan hidup antarumat beragama (sehingga tercipta suasana kehidupan yang harmonis dan saling menghormati dalam semangat kemajemukan, memperkukuh jati diri dan kepribadian bangsa serta memperkuat kerukunan hidup bermasyarakat, berbangsa dan bernegara)  dicantumkan sebagai hal yang penting dalam Garis-Garis Besar Haluan Negara (GBHN). Oleh karena itu, wajar jika Negara memasukan atau menjadikan agama sebagai salah satu delik didalam hukum positifnya. Pengaturan mengenai delik agama ini dipandang penting karena penghinaan (atau cara-cara lainnya) terhadap suatu agama yang diakui di Indonesia dapat membahayakan perdamaian, kerukunan, ketentraman, kesejahteraan (baik secara materil maupun spirituil), keadilan sosial dan mengancam stabilitas dan ketahanan nasional. Agama juga dapat menjadi faktor sensitif yang dapat menghancurkan persatuan dan kesatuan bangsa Indonesia. Atas alasan tersebut juga tulisan ini dibuat sebagai salah satu sumbangsih pemikiran dalam rangka mengetahui rumusan delik agama dan kelemahan-kelemahan yang ada didalamnya sehingga dimasa yang akan datang, dapat dilakukan pembaharuan. Diluar adanya pro-kontra dimasukannya delik agama dalam Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana yang baru, Hasil penelitian, menunjukan bahwa pengaturan mengenai tindak pidana terhadap agama dan kehidupan beragama dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (RKUHP) mengacu kepada perkembangan “blasphemy” di Inggris atau perkembangan “Godslasteringswet” di Belanda. Kriminalisasi delik agama di Indonesia didasarkan pada religionsschutz theorie (teori perlindungan agama), gefuhlsschutz theorie (teori perlindungan perasaan keagamaan) dan friedensschutz theorie (teori perlindungan perdamaian atau teori perlindungan ketentraman umat beragama). Dalam RKUHP, delik agama ini dirumuskan dalam 8 pasal yang terbagi menjadi 2 kategori yakni: Tindak Pidana Terhadap Agama (yang mencakup","PeriodicalId":135077,"journal":{"name":"Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115062568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}