Indian Journal of Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Internal validation of researcher-centered translational model: A mixed-method study.","authors":"S Supriya, Shantanu Patil, Bagavandas Mappillairaju","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_353_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_353_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study aimed to examine the impact of the researcher-centered Basic Fit Translational Model and Delivery Design framework on outcomes such as visualization, progression, and self-reflection. We collected data through questionnaires, with thirty researchers participating in individual training sessions. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test's statistically significant results (3.0-7.0) demonstrated the ease of model adaptability and the need for researcher-centered model building. The basic fit model helps researchers identify their research type, visualize shortcomings, and collaborate in an extended network, leading to successful completion. The delivery design framework helps parallel-process multiple workflows, reducing translational lag time for patients and the pharma industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"269-272"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis following unfractionated heparin therapy.","authors":"Jitendra Singh, Nilesh Kumar, Kailash Kumar, Anju Dinkar","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_821_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_821_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heparin, a commonly used anticoagulant, has been associated with several cutaneous adverse effects, including skin necrosis, bruising/ecchymosis, urticaria, angioedema, red plaques, nodular lesions, and allergic contact dermatitis. Bullous hemorrhagic dermatosis (BHD) caused by heparin is a rare skin-related side effect. A 34-year-old woman diagnosed with anti-phospholipid syndrome was recently observed to develop hemorrhagic bullous dermatosis distant from the site of intravenous unfractionated heparin. Heparin therapy was continued for 5 days, followed by daily oral warfarin 2 mg, along with aspirin 75 mg, with monitoring of lesions. Two weeks later, skin lesions resolved spontaneously. BHD is nonthreatening and typically resolves on its own without the need for extensive treatment. Clinicians should be aware of the presentations of this self-limiting illness to avoid unnecessary workups.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"276-278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of renal function of the patients receiving linagliptin or vildagliptin in uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus: An observational study in the backdrop of the COVID-19 pandemic.","authors":"Sailayee Chaudhuri, Supreeti Biswas, Sandip Mukhopadhyay, Somnath Dasgupta","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_492_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_492_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors are primarily excreted renally. Linagliptin is an exception with excretion primarily through enterohepatic system and is expected to have a better renal profile, though real-world data are scarce. Comparative studies on the renal safety and glycaemic control with linagliptin versus popular DPP-4 inhibitors such as vildagliptin are crucial, especially in the background of COVID-19 pandemic that hugely impacted glycemic control in India's large type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) population.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Adult T2DM patients not controlled with metformin alone, added linagliptin (5 mg once daily) or vildagliptin (50 mg twice daily) in the tertiary care outpatient department setting were included in the study. Parameters such as glycosylated hemoglobin, fasting blood glucose, postprandial blood glucose, blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), change in renal function, glycemic control, and clinical parameters were compared at baseline, 2 months, and 6 months of treatment. All adverse events were analyzed using the WHO-UMC scale.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both groups achieved similar glycemic control, however, accompanied with impairment of renal parameters after 6 months. Compared to linagliptin, almost 300% rise in creatinine and 140% fall in eGFR were noted in the vildagliptin recipients. However, the difference in serum creatinine or eGFR could not attain statistical significance in the study.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Both linagliptin and vildagliptin can help to achieve glycemic control despite possible influence of the COVID-19 pandemic and are generally well tolerated. However, renal functions are better preserved with linagliptin. Further studies involving a larger sample size and longer follow-up are recommended before generalization of the findings of the present study.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"254-261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370227/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular docking and in vitro anticancer evaluation of potential compounds derived from Indonesian sponge Agelas nakamurai.","authors":"Fitri Budiyanto, Bustanussalam Bustanussalam, Yatri Hapsari, Yuni Elsa Hadisaputri, Joko Tri Wibowo, Febriana Untari, Tutik Murniasih","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_701_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_701_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study evaluated the anticancer activity (in silico and in vitro) of compounds derived from the Agelas nakamurai collected from Indonesian waters against the triple-negative breast cancer cancer cell line MDA-MB-231.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>The marine sponge genus Agelas is known to biosynthesize a variety of secondary metabolites with anticancer properties.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The compounds were separated using open column and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance data were used to characterize compounds. Antiproliferation test of isolated compounds was conducted against the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Meanwhile p53 MDM2 protein [PDB]: 4OQ3, and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (EGFR) protein (PDB: 1T46) were utilized for molecular docking and dynamic (MD) analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>LC-MS data of fraction F7 indicated the presence of agelasine D, ageloxime D, agelanin B, and midpacamide. Further purification of fraction F7 led to the agelasin D and ageloxime D. Both compounds inhibited the MDA-MB-231 cell line with IC50 values of 7.09 and 171.07 µM, respectively. The docking results showed that the binding affinity of agelasine D and ageloxime D to 4OQ3 and 1T46 were close, with scores ranging from -7.3 to -9.0 kcal/mol. MD simulation within 100 ns indicated agelasin D and ageloxime-D make stable binding to the targeted proteins with root-mean-square deviation <2Å.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The isolated compounds from A. nakamurai showed potent against the MDA-MB-231 cell line, based on in vitro and in silico analysis. The MD data supported that the compounds effectively inhibit cancer growth through the MDM2 or EGFR pathways. Thus, this study suggested further in vitro mechanism of action analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"226-233"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370229/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zonisamide-induced vasculitis: A rare entity.","authors":"Abhijit Saha, Subhra Dhar, Swarnali Maiti, Safia Bashir","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_952_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_952_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"281-282"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370226/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in medical wards of a tertiary care referral hospital and its effect on antibiotic consumption and in-hospital mortality.","authors":"Challa Madhuri, Deepanjali Surendran, Apurba Sankar Sastry, Chanaveerappa Bammigatti","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_131_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_131_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study was conducted to find out the appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy in Medical wards of a tertiary care referral hospital in South India. Other objectives were to study the association between appropriateness of antimicrobial therapy and antibiotic consumption and in-hospital patient outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A series of 32 clinical audits were done in the medical wards from January 2018 to June 2019 and a total of 220 patients were included in the study. All patients in whom an antimicrobial agent was initiated were assessed for the appropriateness of their use. Antibiotic consumption was studied using days of therapy. Appropriateness of antibiotic therapy and its impact on patient outcomes were also studied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Appropriate antimicrobial usage was seen in only 47% patients. Collection of all appropriate cultures before initiation of therapy, timely de-escalation, and intravenous (IV) to per oral step down contributed to lower rates of appropriateness. Patients who received appropriate antimicrobial therapy had significantly lower duration of therapy and nonsignificant lower deaths as compared to those who received inappropriate antimicrobial therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Inappropriate antimicrobial usage is very high in medical wards of a tertiary care referral hospital and lead to higher antibiotic consumption higher in-hospital mortality. The collection of all appropriate cultures before initiation of antimicrobial agents, timely de-escalation, and IV to per oral step down can improve appropriateness.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"242-246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A hairy encounter: Black hairy tongue after linezolid therapy in an ecthyma patient.","authors":"Parth Rathi, Prakhar Srivastava, Niti Khunger, Keshav Yadav","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_208_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_208_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"279-280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370219/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human oral pharmacokinetics of 4-hydroxy isoleucine and dosage simulation studies for predicting its pharmacodynamics in diabetes.","authors":"Thirumurthy Velpandian, Lakshminarayanan Gowtham, Madhu Nath, Anannya Tuli, Gautam Sharma, Nabanita Halder","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_736_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_736_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>4-hydroxy isoleucine (4-HIL), a potent glucose-lowering agent and insulin secretagogue, is widely available in nutraceutical market as fenugreek seed extract formulations. This study aims to elucidate the oral pharmacokinetics (PK) of 4-HIL in healthy human volunteers to standardize its dose and dosing regimen, ensuring its potential for effective diabetes management.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Twelve healthy volunteers received a single oral administration of 150 mg of 4-HIL as fenugreek seed extract tablets. Caplillary blood samples were collected at various time points within 24 h and plasma levels of 4-HIL were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In vitro studies on 4-HIL pharmacodynamics, derived from the literature, were used to calculate the half-minimal effective concentration (EC50). PK assessments based on compartmental modelling and dosage simulation studies were conducted using PKsolver and ModVizPOP, respectively. The PK simulation included three distinct dosage regimens (150 mg thrice daily, 225 mg twice daily, or 450 mg once daily) to evaluate EC50 level attainment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The best-fit was observed with a two-compartmental model, with maximum 4-HIL plasma concentration (Concentration maximum, 2.42 ± 0.61 µg/mL) observed at 0.5 h (Time maximum). The derived mean EC50 of 4-HIL, needed to reduce blood glucose, was 1.50 ± 0.31 µg/mL. The PK simulation study indicated that daily intake of 450 mg 4-HIL in all three tested dosing regimens had maintained EC50 levels more than 18 h for glucose-lowering effects.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The optimal 4-HIL dose of 450 mg/day up to three divided dosing regimens has proven effective and hence may be considered for future diabetic trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"247-253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370230/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potent antiurolithiasis activity of Phaseolus vulgaris aqueous extract and its nano-formulation on ethylene glycol-induced urolithiasis in rats.","authors":"S Jayaprakash, C Sankar, G Sivakumar","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_820_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_820_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The proper allopathy treatment is unavailable, and the recurrent is very commonly observed for urolithiasis; therefore, there is a need to find out phytochemical options to prevent and treat urolithiasis. Our current research focuses on phytochemical alternatives as it was reported that the bean aqueous extract is used for treating kidney stones as a home remedy.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Nano-aqueous extract of Phaseolus vulgaris (NAPV) suspension was formulated and evaluated for nano-formulation, the mean particle size was 327 nm, and the zeta potential was found to be -5 mV. We inducted urolithiasis by ethylene glycol-induced rat model as a standard model for evaluating anti-urolithiasis activity. Urolithiasis in rats was successfully induced in all 4 treated groups with ethylene glycol except the control group for 4 weeks as approved by CCSEA. The standard group, Test-1, test-2 were treated with aqueous extract of Phaseolus vulgaris (APV), and NAPV, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Cystone, APV, and NAPV treated groups normalized the serum, urine biochemical parameters, and kidney function compared to the ethylene glycol-induced disease control group. The kidney tissue anti-oxidants such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione were moderately reversed for the treated groups. The histopathological examination demonstrates the cystone, APV, and NAPV-treated groups better recovered from kidney stone injury compared to the disease control group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The APV and nano-formulation effectively reversed the urolithiasis symptoms similar to standard group cystone. Therefore, the APV is one of the potent phytochemical alternatives for the prevention, treatment, and management of urolithiasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"212-218"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370217/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metoclopramide-induced acute dystonia in an adolescent.","authors":"K Jagadish Kumar, Shivani Kundur, Lalitha Vasudha Bulusu, H R Nandish, Prisha Mehta","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_884_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_884_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metoclopramide is a dopamine-2 antagonist and is generally used as an antiemetic in clinical practice. Extrapyramidal reactions are the important adverse effects of metoclopramide which are reported in 0.2% of cases. In young children, the incidence can extend up to 25%. Metoclopramide-induced EPS include acute dystonia, tardive dyskinesia, parkinsonism, akathisia, and malignant neuroleptic syndrome. We are reporting a single dose of metoclopramide induced acute dystonia in an adolescent girl, which caused lot of anxiety in the patient and the parents which responded to oral diphenhydramine.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 4","pages":"273-275"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12370223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144674680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}