Indian Journal of Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Investigating the collective advantages of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 analogs in addressing metabolic health issues linked to obese type 2 diabetes mellitus and related comorbidities.","authors":"Sulthan Al-Rashid, Monisha Prasad, Rajkapoor Balasubramanian, Naina Mohamed Pakkir Maideen","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_559_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_559_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"104-105"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236412/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of disease-modifying agents in ameliorating multiple sclerosis - A cross-sectional observational study.","authors":"Mamatha Jayachandran, Dhanya Sacheendran, Sanitha Kuriachan, Princy Louis Palatty, Greeshma C Ravindran","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_493_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_493_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple sclerosis (MS) - A chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system is notorious for causing progressive neurological deterioration. This affects the quality of life of these patients and their productivity. Various oral and injectable disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) are available for the treatment of MS. In spite of availability of many drugs, the quality of life of these patients continues to be perturbing. The present study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of common therapy in MS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A single-center cross-sectional study was conducted from 2020 to 2021. Seventy-one MS patients on DMDs were recruited. Relevant clinical details were collected from the electronic medical records, and a quality-of-life questionnaire was administered telephonically. Assessment of drugs being prescribed, treatment effectiveness, and adverse drug reactions were calculated as frequency and percentage.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Female cases were 64.8%. 77.5% were relapsing-remitting type of MS. The initial presenting complaints varied from visual disturbances in 28.16%, paresthesia in 25.35%, and ataxia in 21.12%. No relapse episodes were reported in 21.12% of cases. 33.8% faced physical disabilities and 9.9% cognitive disabilities. 2.81% cases opined that their quality of life is good.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Drug therapy is beneficial in providing remission and reducing relapse rates in MS. DMDs are effective in reducing the debilitating symptoms and preventing the progression of the disease, when begun immediately after the diagnosis is made.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"90-96"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236402/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eyelid hyperpigmentation: Rare involvement following intake of common drug.","authors":"Ankur Singh, Shiva Manwatkar, Abhishek Abhinay, Rajniti Prasad","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_565_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_565_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"106-107"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of recombinant human parathyroid hormone and zoledronic acid on osteoblast gene expression using multifaceted approach: An in vitro study.","authors":"Vandana Dhiman, Sanjay Kumar Bhadada, Poonam Kanta, Gurjeet Kaur, Swati Bhat, Amanjit Bal, Naresh Sachdeva, Anil Bhansali, Devinder Kumar Dhawan, Ravi Pratap Barnwal, Gurpal Singh, Sudhaker Dhanwada Rao","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_582_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_582_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone is an endocrine organ that despite being inert in appearance constantly undergoes remodeling, in which wear and tear of bone cells occur. With more than two decades of clinical experience, the molecular mechanisms of anti-fracture drugs are not completely understood because they inhibit osteoclastic activity and differentiate the osteoblast cells. Recent studies suggest fundamentally different mechanisms of action for key anti-fracture drugs, bisphosphonates, and recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) at the tissue level; however, their molecular basis of action has not been explored completely. Here, we showed the effect of varying concentrations of zoledronic acid (ZOL) and rhPTH on human osteogenic sarcoma cells (U2OS cells).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Cellular viability, mineralization, and osteogenic gene expressions were assessed to elucidate the effects of these two prototypic drugs with diametrically different mechanisms of action.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Cellular viability was not affected either by ZOL or rhPTH alone or in tandem treatments. Osteoblastic activity increased significantly with rhPTH followed by ZOL. Further, alkaline phosphatase activity increased significantly with tandem treatment of rhPTH followed by ZOL both at the mRNA and protein levels. Moreover, osteoblastic genes (COL1A1 and osteocalcin) were significantly modulated by sequential treatment with rhPTH followed by ZOL.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We conclude that rhPTH (5 μg) treatment followed by ZOL (1 μM) showed the best anabolic or bone-forming effect. Our results warrant further research in assessing similar combinations of anti-fracture drugs, which augment osteogenesis to maximize their anabolic effects in preventing osteoporosis in susceptible individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"69-76"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postvaccine \"spikeopathy:\" what is the long-term neurological risk?","authors":"Jean-Marc Bugnicourt","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_943_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_943_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"108-109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Olanzapine-induced paraesthesia: A less reported side effect.","authors":"Sanyam Tyagi, Vishal Verma, Vijay Kumar Saini, Harmanpreet Kaur","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_637_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_637_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic used to treat schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression. Despite proven efficacy in these disorders, it can cause various side effects, including occurrences of paraesthesia-a sensory disorder characterized by spontaneous itching or tingling without external triggers. The mechanism behind olanzapine-induced paraesthesia is not well understood but may involve dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A and 5-HT2C receptor antagonism. Here, we report two cases of severe paraesthesia that occurred as a side effect of olanzapine therapy, which improved after discontinuing the medication in the first case and by reducing the dose in the second case.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"102-103"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236399/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How well do patients understand medication information written in prescriptions? A study from Eastern India.","authors":"Debaleena Das, Shreya Kotal, Suparna Chatterjee","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_359_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_359_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Appropriate understanding of medicine-related advice in a prescription by patients ensures therapeutic compliance and mitigates avoidable medication intake-related errors.</p><p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study assessed how well patients or their caregivers attending a tertiary care hospital have understood medicine-related information in their outpatient department (OPD) prescription.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This prospective questionnaire-based observational study was conducted on patients attending outpatient clinics of four departments of a tertiary care hospital. The questionnaire had both open and close-ended questions, which assessed understanding of written information related to the prescribed medicines.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 380 patients were enrolled in the study. 59.21% (95% CI 54.2-64.04) respondents had an excellent or good understanding of drug dosage. Similarly, 40% (95% CI 35.2-45) about drug frequency and 59.77% (95% CI 54.66-64.7) had excellent understanding of drug duration. However, overall composite understanding of prescriptions was poor in 36.84% (95% CI 32.14-41.8) of study participants. Patients with a higher level of education or from higher socioeconomic groups had a better understanding compared to other educational and socioeconomic categories. Suggestions for better patient understanding included prescriptions in vernacular language and pictorial representations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study conducted in a tertiary care public hospital in India, reveals suboptimal understanding of medication-related information in OPD prescriptions. Based on the study outcome, measures have been taken to address the issue. Furthermore, there is a need for designing tailored interventions based on the patient profile attending a healthcare facility to facilitate better understanding.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"83-89"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236393/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential application of the wolly mouse in future research.","authors":"Supriya Khanra, Aastha Datta, Shiv Charan, Rutweek Kulkarni, Ajay Prakash, Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_376_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_376_25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 2","pages":"65-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12236387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144283808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pirfenidone-induced phototoxicity.","authors":"Nazneen Bano, Anmol Batra, Shubham Kumar","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_601_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_601_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 1","pages":"55-56"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tuberculosis and comorbid depression: Association with serum indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity.","authors":"Proteesh Rana, Bijo Varughese, Vandana Roy, Shreshth Khanna, Seema Kapoor, Ashwani Khanna","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_252_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_252_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Patients with tuberculosis (TB) may have depression as a comorbidity, which may be associated with poor treatment outcomes. Increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines activating enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) has been reported in TB. We studied the association of IDO activity and comorbid depression in TB patients.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve TB patients were evaluated for symptoms of depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ)-9 scale. A PHQ-9 score of ≥5 was taken as an indicator for depression. Patients were further categorized into two groups based on their PHQ-9 scores, Group-I with a PHQ-9 score of <5 and Group-II with a PHQ-9 score ≥5. The serum kynurenine (KYN) and tryptophan (TRP) levels were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and the KYN/TRP ratio was taken as a measure for IDO activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 106 TB patients and 106 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Over 73.5% of TB patients had PHQ-9 scores of above 5 with an average score of 7.09 ± 2.83, a significant difference (P < 0.05) as compared to the average PHQ-9 scores of healthy controls (2.93 ± 1.20). Group-II TB patients had lower serum TRP 539.55 ± 194.31 ng/mL versus 1109.45 ± 186.04 ng/mL (P < 0.01) in Group-I; higher serum KYN 425.81 ± 65.51 ng/mL versus 250.06 ± 40.28 ng/mL (P < 0.01) and higher K/T ratio 0.906 ± 0.56 versus 0.251 ± 0.052 (P < 0.01). There was a significant linear correlation between PHQ-9 and serum KYN (r: 0.969; P: <0.01; R2: 0.909); serum TRP (r: 0.841; P: <0.01; R2: 0.745); and KYN/TRP ratio (r: 0.745; P < 0.01; R2: 0.618).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that in TB patients, induction of IDO activity may be relevant to the development of comorbid depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":"57 1","pages":"21-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12133059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144020292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}