Indian Journal of Pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"Carpal tunnel syndrome ascribed to low-dose combined oral contraceptive pills.","authors":"Deepthi Yedla,&nbsp;Sharmila Vijayan,&nbsp;Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_594_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_594_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most prevalent compressive focal mononeuropathy brought on by median nerve compression, and common manifestations include pain in the wrist joint, decreased sensations along the distribution of the median nerve, a reduction in two-point discrimination, nighttime awakening, and, in more advanced stages, thenar muscle wasting and weakening. CTS, although common, yet underreported adverse effects of oral contraceptives. We report a case of 21-year-old female who developed CTS after using low-dose combined oral contraceptive pills for irregular cycles with polycystic ovary disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501542/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10262431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risperidone-induced respiratory depression in a neonate through breast milk.","authors":"Rachna Pasi,&nbsp;Madhu Bhavana Appikatla,&nbsp;Thirunavukkarasu Arun Babu","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_645_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_645_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Risperidone is commonly used in postnatal mothers for depression and psychotic symptoms in spite of little data on its safety profile in neonates. It is reported previously that 6 mg/day can be used in mothers without having any untoward in breastfed neonates. Excretion of risperidone is dependent on the enzyme CYP2D6 whose activity varies as per individual phenotype. Maximum therapeutic levels are achieved at 2 h of administration of the drug. We are reporting a case of preterm breastfed neonate who presented with respiratory depression twice due to risperidone usage in its mother. This is the first reported case where 1 mg/day dosage of risperidone in nursing mother was associated with acute adverse effects such as respiratory depression in her neonate. The Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Assessment Scale scored to 8 which suggests probable relation between the drug and its reaction in neonates. It underscores cautious use in mothers and close monitoring of neonates when risperidone is prescribed irrespective of dosage.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501541/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10260821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of intraperitoneal magnesium sulfate in the prevention of postoperative pain in daycare laparoscopic cholecystectomy - A prospective randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Gorle Chaitanya Sravanthi,&nbsp;Kishore Abuji,&nbsp;Shiv Lal Soni,&nbsp;Satish Subbiah Nagaraj,&nbsp;Akhilesh Sharma,&nbsp;Anudeep Jafra,&nbsp;Cherring Tandup,&nbsp;Kailash Chand Kurdia,&nbsp;Divya Dahiya","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_827_22","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_827_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study evaluated the efficacy of intraperitoneal magnesium sulfate (MgSO₄) in preventing postoperative pain after elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). It is a prospective, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized trial which included 64 patients who underwent LC. Patients were equally randomized into Groups A and B. MgSO₄ and normal saline were instilled in subdiaphragmatic space in Groups A and B, respectively, after creating pneumoperitoneum and before starting dissection. The Visual analogue Scale (VAS) was used to determine postoperative pain. Patients who received intraperitoneal MgSO₄ had lower average VAS scores for the first 6 h postoperatively, and also, the time for the requirement of first analgesic was longer (3.6 ± 0.4 vs. 2.3 ± 1.0 h). The incidence of vomiting and the requirement for rescue antiemetic was also lower in Group A. Intraperitoneal instillation of MgSO₄ reduces postoperative pain and vomiting following elective LC without incurring additional side effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501544/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10262427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical trials for food - The gray areas: Developing countries' perspective.","authors":"Praisy K Prabha,&nbsp;Ajay Prakash,&nbsp;Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_412_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_412_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10501540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10260818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in normative values of major clinical biochemistry analytes in healthy reproductive-age women in India: A subset of data from a National Indian Council of Medical Research-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome task force study.","authors":"Mohd Ashraf Ganie,&nbsp;Subhankar Chowdhury,&nbsp;Vanita Suri,&nbsp;Beena Nitin Joshi,&nbsp;Prasanta Kumar Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Sarita Agarwal,&nbsp;Neena Malhotra,&nbsp;Rakesh Sahay,&nbsp;P K Jabbar,&nbsp;Roya Rozati,&nbsp;Amlin Shukla,&nbsp;Haroon Rashid,&nbsp;Rohina Bashir,&nbsp;Imtiyaz Wani,&nbsp;Abhilash Nair,&nbsp;Taruna Katyal Arora,&nbsp;Bharati Kulkarni","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_694_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_694_22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Clinical biochemistry reference intervals (RIs) play a crucial role in interpreting patient test results and making informed clinical decisions. Using data from an ongoing Indian Council of Medical Research-National task force study on healthy women, normative ranges for commonly analyzed biochemical analytes were established.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A.</p><p><p>total of 13,181 women of reproductive age (18-40 years) were recruited from different urban and rural regions of the country, of which 9898 women signed an informed consent were included. Among these, women having features of hyperandrogenism, menstrual cycle irregularities, and comorbidities were excluded. RIs of 22 analytes were computed in the remaining 938 women controls. To estimate the 95% range of the reference distribution, the limits of the 2.5^th percentile and the 97.5^th percentile were used in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean ± standard deviation of age and body mass index of participants was 30.12 ± 6.32 years and 22.8 ± 3.36 kg/m² respectively. Centiles (2.5^th-97.5^th) of liver function parameters, lipid parameters, glycaemic parameters, and renal parameters are presented. No significant difference in analytes was observed in relation to the area of residence, and age groups except in albumin (P = 0.03). The distribution of most of the parameters was consistent with the various RI studies conducted in India as well as other countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study generating biochemical RIs data among a large representative sample of healthy reproductive-age women recruited using a robust design across the country. The resource may serve as a reference range for common biochemical analytes for future in this age group.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335651/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reporting of adverse events related to medical devices: A single-center experience from a tertiary care institute of national importance in India.","authors":"Bikash Ranjan Meher,&nbsp;Ashish Dash","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_495_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_495_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As frontline health workers, nursing professionals have a crucial role in reporting medical device-associated adverse events (MDAEs). A questionnaire-based study was carried out to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practice of senior nursing officers (SNOs), nursing officers (NOs), and nursing students (NSs) toward MDAE. The response rate of the survey was 84% (n = 134). The mean score of knowledge of SNOs, NOs, and NSs was 2.03 ± 0.92, 1.71 ± 0.96, and 1.52 ± 0.82, respectively (P = 0.9). A large proportion of study participants (97%) considered that the use of medical device could sometimes cause untoward occurrences and detecting and reporting those events will enhance the safety of patients. However, many of them (67%) have not reported it during clinical posting. The participants of this survey possessed limited knowledge of MDAE. However, their attitude toward MDAE was encouraging and a continuous training program may improve their knowledge regarding MDAE and enhance the reporting practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335646/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do alternatives to animal experimentation replace preclinical research?","authors":"Vidya Mahalmani,&nbsp;Ajay Prakash,&nbsp;Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_223_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_223_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proteome architecture of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived three-dimensional organoids as a tool for early diagnosis of neuronal disorders.","authors":"R Negi,&nbsp;A Srivastava,&nbsp;A K Srivastava,&nbsp;Abhishek Pandeya,&nbsp;P Vatsa,&nbsp;U A Ansari,&nbsp;A B Pant","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_56_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_56_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived three-dimensional (3D) model for rare neurodegenerative disorders such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is emerging as a novel alternative to human diseased tissue to explore the disease etiology and potential drug discovery. In the interest of the same, we have generated a TDP-43-mutated human iPSCs (hiPSCs) derived 3D organoid model of ALS disease. The high-resolution mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomic approach is used to explore the differential mechanism under disease conditions and the suitability of a 3D model to study the disease.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The hiPSCs cell line was procured from a commercial source, grown, and characterized following standard protocols. The mutation in hiPSCs was accomplished using CRISPR/Cas-9 technology and predesigned gRNA. The two groups of organoids were produced by normal and mutated hiPSCs and subjected to the whole proteomic profiling by high-resolution MS in two biological replicates with three technical replicas of each.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proteomic analysis of normal and mutated organoids revealed the proteins associated with pathways of neurodegenerative disorders, proteasomes, autophagy, and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 signaling. Differential proteomic analysis revealed that the mutation in TDP-43 gene caused proteomic deregulation, which impaired protein quality mechanisms. Furthermore, this impairment may contribute to the generation of stress conditions that may ultimately lead to the development of ALS pathology.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The developed 3D model represents the majority of candidate proteins and associated biological mechanisms altered in ALS disease. The study also offers novel protein targets that may uncloud the precise disease pathological mechanism and be considered for future diagnostic and therapeutic purposes for various neurodegenerative disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335645/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9769726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A clinical study on the pattern of antimicrobial drug use and drug resistance in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital.","authors":"Abisha Rezia,&nbsp;R Vijendra","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_759_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_759_21","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) develops nearly in about one-third of the patients, 48 h after receiving mechanical ventilation. Common pathogens are Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, Proteus spp., Enterobacter spp. and Enterococcus spp. including multidrug-resistant pathogens.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to assess the pattern of antimicrobial drug use in VAP and to assess the etiological organisms and their drug sensitivity and resistance pattern.</p><p><strong>Settings and design: </strong>Study participants admitted to Kempegowda Institute of Medical Sciences Hospital and Research Centre, Bengaluru, and who developed VAP were included in this prospective observational study.</p><p><strong>Subjects and methods: </strong>Bronchial secretions were subjected to microbiological analysis. The etiological organisms, their drug sensitivity and resistance pattern, and the outcome of drug therapy were recorded. The clinical course of the study participants was monitored till either the resolution of pneumonia or the demise of the participant.</p><p><strong>Statistical analysis used: </strong>Qualitative data were analyzed using the Chi-square test or Fischer's exact test and quantitative data using the independent t-test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Early VAP was seen in 91.7% and late VAP in 8.3% of the participants. The organisms isolated were S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., Acinetobacter spp., Klebsiella pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa. Majority of the study participants with early VAP (75%, n = 41) completely recovered from pneumonia and 80%, n = 4 participants with late VAP recovered completely.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The organisms had a varied sensitivity and resistance pattern. The clinical outcome was multifactorial and its association with specific antimicrobial agents cannot be drawn.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of intravenous aspirin versus oral aspirin in the treatment of acute coronary syndrome: Answering a clinical query by systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.","authors":"Hardeep Kaur,&nbsp;Phulen Sarma,&nbsp;Anusuya Bhattacharyya,&nbsp;Manojkumar Rohit,&nbsp;Manisha Prajapat,&nbsp;Subodh Kumar,&nbsp;Ajay Prakash,&nbsp;Bikash Medhi","doi":"10.4103/ijp.ijp_1147_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/ijp.ijp_1147_20","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aspirin is indicated in the emergency management of acute coronary syndrome. However, oral aspirin has erratic bioavailability compared to i.v. formulation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to evaluate the comparative efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) and oral aspirin in acute coronary syndrome.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>This was a systematic review and meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two randomized controlled trials were included. Compared to oral aspirin, lower platelet aggregability was seen with IV aspirin at 5 min and 20 min. Lower thromboxane B2 and lower platelet CD-62p levels were noted in the IV group; however, no significant difference was observed in terms of \"composite cardiovascular death, stroke, and myocardial infarction (MI) at 4-6 weeks,\" \"any cause mortality,\" \"cardiovascular mortality,\" \"occurrence of stroke,\" and \"occurrence of MI/reinfarction.\" However, no difference was noted in terms of the occurrence of serious adverse events.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IV aspirin showed some advantages in terms of platelet aggregability biomarkers at 20 min and 1 week with comparable safety to oral aspirin. No difference was seen in terms of clinical outcomes (at 24 h, 7, and 30 days) and the occurrence of serious adverse events.</p>","PeriodicalId":13490,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Pharmacology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10335641/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9776154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}