Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Mental Health Literacy Among Female Community Health Workers: A Multi-setting Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Marthoenis Marthoenis, Rizki Fitryasari, Sri Warsini","doi":"10.1177/02537176241306137","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241306137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mental health literacy among lay community health workers (CHWs) is crucial to ensuring that mental health services are accessible to all. This research explores the mental health literacy of community health workers in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was carried out among 454 female community health workers from various villages. Their understanding of mental illness was assessed through questionnaires, exploring their overall belief about the cause and consequence of mental illness, the symptom and the treatment of mental illness, and their perception of relapse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most participants have false beliefs about the causes and consequences of mental illness. For instance, the majority of respondents agreed that severe stress leads to mental illness (80%), while 60.4% believed personal weakness to be a cause. Cognitive impairments and brain disease were associated with mental illness by 67.2% and 57.3%, respectively, although only 32.6% attributed it to hereditary factors. Regarding treatment, 83.9% of respondents believed that consistent medication could fully cure mental disorders, while 81.1% associated mental illness with strange behavior. Additionally, 90.7% of respondents emphasized the importance of regular medication to prevent relapse, with 81.5% stating that lack of medication leads to relapse.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A significant level of misinformation and misconception among participants regarding mental illness was unveiled. This misunderstanding can contribute to the stigmatization of individuals experiencing stress, as it may lead to unwarranted assumptions about their mental health. These findings underscore the importance of targeted mental health education campaigns to address misconceptions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241306137"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11669132/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142893980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Potential and Challenges of Digital and AI-Driven Psychotherapy for ADHD, OCD, Schizophrenia, and Substance Use Disorders: A Comprehensive Narrative Review.","authors":"Mirza Jahanzeb Beg, Manish Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1177/02537176241300569","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241300569","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Psychotherapy remains a fundamental component of mental health treatment, yet it encounters significant barriers to accessibility and efficacy. The integration of digital therapies, encompassing e-Health, m-Health, and artificial intelligence (AI) offers the transformative potential to enhance therapeutic processes through automated systems that improve access and personalize treatment. This integration, however, involves complex considerations, including health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and the dynamics of the therapeutic alliance. This narrative review synthesizes current literature on the application of digital therapies in psychotherapy, with a focus on attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), schizophrenia, and substance use disorders (SUDs). The review evaluates the effectiveness of these interventions, their impact on HRQoL, therapeutic relationships, and the associated ethical considerations.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>Following Green's checklist for narrative reviews, a systematic literature review was conducted on studies published from January 2009 to May 2024. Inclusion criteria centered on digital therapies, including AI-based, Internet-based, and mobile-based interventions in psychotherapy. A total of 23 studies were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings indicate that digital therapies hold substantial promise for enhancing therapeutic interventions across various mental health disorders, particularly through chatbots and Internet-based psychotherapy. However, successful integration requires careful attention to the therapeutic alliance, HRQoL, and ethical implications. This review highlights the significant potential of digital therapies, including AI-driven psychotherapy, in managing diverse mental health disorders. A balanced approach to integration, prioritizing patient well-being and addressing ethical complexities, is essential for optimizing treatment outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241300569"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11645680/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Participation in the Delivery of Mental Health Services in a Rural District in South India: Experiences from the STEP Program of SCARF.","authors":"Vijaya Raghavan, A Kulandesu, S Karthick, S Senthilkumar, T Gunaselvi, Kotteswara Rao, R Thara","doi":"10.1177/02537176241287920","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241287920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241287920"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interventional Psychiatry in India: Bridging Treatment Gaps and Expanding Horizons in Mental Health.","authors":"Jithin Thekkelkuthiyathottil Joseph, Samir Kumar Praharaj","doi":"10.1177/02537176241294146","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241294146","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241294146"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11626636/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of Brain Stimulation Research in Substance Use Disorder: A Review of ClinicalTrials.gov Registered Trials and Their Publications.","authors":"Tathagata Biswas, Gaurav Kumar Singh, Pritiman Mishra, Biswa Ranjan Mishra, Arpit Parmar","doi":"10.1177/02537176241300195","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241300195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Brain stimulation techniques targeting neuronal pathways are evolving as a novel therapeutic option for substance use disorders. This study aims to provide an overview of the current research landscape on brain stimulation in addiction psychiatry by analyzing data from ClinicalTrials.gov. It intends to describe the global trends in these trials, highlight the findings reported in their publications, and identify the gaps and challenges to guide future research and clinical practice.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>The ClinicalTrials.gov was searched on March 1, 2024, using every possible paired combination of different brain stimulation techniques (including transcranial magnetic stimulation/TMS, transcranial direct-current stimulation/tDCS, deep brain stimulation/DBS, and vagal nerve stimulation/VNS) and psychoactive substances. A total of 163 human trials were identified, and their details were extracted into a datasheet. Completed and terminated studies were searched separately for publication data. The extracted data were then analyzed using suitable descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most research involved TMS, tDCS, and DBS and focused on alcohol, stimulants, opioids, nicotine, and cannabis. No studies addressed sedatives, hypnotics, hallucinogens, psychedelics, and solvents. Wide variations in modulation protocols and neuroanatomical targets reflect the current lack of guidelines or consensus. Incompleteness and updating delays in the study registry raise concerns regarding registration protocols. The published trials report beneficial effects of TMS in nicotine, stimulant, and cannabis users, TMS in alcohol users, and VNS in opioid users.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241300195"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638930/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142828436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intraclass Correlation in Cluster Randomized Controlled Trials: A Meta-Analysis of Studies on Major Depression.","authors":"Binukumar Bhaskarapillai, Palash Kumar Malo, M Thomas Kishore, Anoop Joseph, Gobinda Majhi, T S Jaisoorya, Thennarasu Kandavel","doi":"10.1177/02537176241293194","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241293194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Though cluster randomized trials (CRTs) provide robust evidence for intervention by controlling contamination of interventions, there could be some loss of statistical efficiency. The Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) recommends reporting intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) to understand this phenomenon, though not many studies follow this. This meta-analysis explored the compliance of CRTs in major depression for reporting ICC besides deriving the pooled ICC and pooled mean differences of intervention outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-four articles on CRTs in major depression were identified from PubMed, Cochrane Library, PsychINFO, and Embase, and relevant data were extracted. Only 20 studies were eligible for meta-analysis of intervention, among which 8 reported ICC. We used DerSimonian and Laird's inverse variance method to calculate the pooled estimates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Only eight (40%) of the CRTs reported using ICC both for designing the study and examining intervention outcomes. The pooled ICC was 0.07 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05, 0.09) with a low heterogeneity (I² = 28%). Among the 20 studies, 65% used different psychosocial methods alone as intervention, with substantial heterogeneity. The pooled standardized mean difference of depression scores (-0.46; 95% CI: -0.79, -0.13) indicated the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions irrespective of combined pharmacotherapy (z = 2.71, <i>p</i> value = 0.01). Further, a subgroup analysis of intervention effects revealed that the results were significant only for the CRTs with ICC conformity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ICCs can affect the intervention outcomes. Therefore, as indicated by this meta-analysis, CRTs must adhere to the CONSORT guidelines on reporting ICC. Future CRTs on major depression can utilize the pooled ICC estimate from this study, especially for sample size estimations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241293194"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11622215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142800637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Gamble of Life: Adolescent Betting, Mental Health Crisis, and Legal Insights- A Case Report.","authors":"Shruti Zunzunwala, Tanisha Pruthi, Anubhav Katyal, Preeti Dalal, Shiv Prasad","doi":"10.1177/02537176241297755","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241297755","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241297755"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11609949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142768597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Digitally Driven Short- and Intermediate-term Courses of Primary Care Psychiatry for Doctors: A Theme-based Analysis and Performance Audit.","authors":"Madhuri H Nanjudaswamy, Rini Joseph, Mi Singh Sethi, Narayana Manjunatha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Prabhat K Chand, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176241297339","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241297339","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The National Mental Health Survey of India 2015-2016 identified a substantial treatment gap in mental healthcare, emphasizing the urgent need for improved training of primary care doctors (PCDs) in managing psychiatric disorders. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of three digitally delivered primary care psychiatry courses offered by the department of psychiatry in a tertiary neuropsychiatric center: the Certificate Course in Primary Mental Healthcare (CCPMH), the Diploma in Community Mental Health (DCMH), and the Diploma in Primary Care Psychiatry (DPCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Based on the board of studies documents, including curriculum, delivery methods, accreditation criteria, and outcomes, a comparative and thematic analysis of the courses was conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The digital courses differed in duration, depth, and delivery methods. The DPCP, the most intensive and personalized program, was highly effective in translating knowledge into clinical practice. The CCPMH provided a foundational, short-term course for PCDs, while the DCMH covered a broader range of topics relevant to primary care psychiatry, supplemented with self-learning modules. All courses significantly contributed to reducing the mental health treatment gap by training a substantial number of PCDs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Digitally delivered courses are essential in addressing the mental health treatment gap in India. The DPCP, with its emphasis on practical training and personalized learning, demonstrates high effectiveness in equipping PCDs with the necessary skills to manage psychiatric disorders. However, further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and to address the scalability and accessibility challenges of these.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241297339"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11615903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142785265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Substance Use in Indian Adolescents: The Role of School-Based Programs.","authors":"Sravanthi Penubarthi, Vishwak Reddy Vatte, Srinivas Kandrakonda","doi":"10.1177/02537176241294248","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241294248","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241294248"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585918/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Thematic Analysis of the Significance of Peace Education in Managing Aggression in Adolescents.","authors":"Nadia Azadi, Prangya Paramita Priyadarshini Das","doi":"10.1177/02537176241293635","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241293635","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241293635"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}