Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Association Between Urban Upbringing and Cortical Gyrification in Persons with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Vittal Korann, Umesh Thonse, Arpitha Jacob, Priyanka Devi, Ananth Padmanabha, Samir Kumar Praharaj, Rose Dawn Bharath, Vijay Kumar, Shivarama Varambally, Ganesan Venkatasubramanian, Naren P Rao","doi":"10.1177/02537176251360933","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251360933","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many studies suggest that urban upbringing might increase the risk of developing schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the precise brain changes associated with urban upbringing remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how urban upbringing might influence cortical gyrification, a brain feature that reflects early structural development.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study included 70 Healthy Controls (HC) and 87 individuals diagnosed with SCZ, all aged between 18 and 50 years. Participants and their caregivers were interviewed to collect information about birthplace and upbringing location. Based on data from the Indian Census (1971-2011), upbringing locations were categorized into three groups: rural, town, and city. An urbanicity index was calculated using a previously established method. Brain anatomical MRI images were processed using FreeSurfer. Regression analysis was conducted using the QDEC interface, with the gyrification index (GI) as the dependent variable, and urbanicity index, sex, and age as predictors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the entire sample, a significant positive association was observed between the urbanicity index and the GI in the left supramarginal gyrus (BA40; <i>p</i> = .001), left rostral middle frontal gyrus (BA10; <i>p</i> < .001), and both the left and right lateral occipital gyri (BA18; <i>p</i> = .001). Additionally, a significant interaction effect between the diagnosis and urbanicity index was found in multiple brain regions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that urban living has a significant influence on brain development. Identifying such risk factors and underlying mechanisms could help develop prevention strategies and guide improvements in urban planning.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251360933"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining Primary Mental Health Care: What is \"Primary\" and What Constitutes \"Care\"?","authors":"Gajanan Ganapati Sabhahit, Rahul Patley, Samrudhi V, Jayashri S, Prakyath Ravindranath Hegde, Narayana Manjunatha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176251358547","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251358547","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251358547"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Underage Drinking, Prevalence and Predictors in Arunachal Pradesh, India: Analysis of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) Data.","authors":"Vishal Tikhute, Kumaravel Ilangovan, Sadananda Reddy","doi":"10.1177/02537176251364935","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251364935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous studies indicate that, despite legal restrictions, northeastern states have the highest prevalence of underage drinking, with Arunachal Pradesh leading. Considering the harms associated with underage drinking, assessing its magnitude, and contributing factors is crucial.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the Minimum Legal Drinking Age (MLDA) and the state-level National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5), data from 7,398 individuals aged 15-20 years were used to assess the district-wise prevalence of underage drinking in Arunachal Pradesh. Further bivariate and multivariate regression analyses were undertaken to identify the significant predictors of underage drinking.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of underage drinking in Arunachal Pradesh ranged from 4% to 20% across the districts. The Upper Subansiri district had the highest prevalence (20%). Females were less likely to drink alcohol than males (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.55; 95% confidence intervals (CI) 0.44, 0.69). The 18-20-year-olds (aOR 2.28; 95% CI 1.82, 2.86), married (aOR 1.99; CI 1.44, 2.76), rural residents (aOR 2.25; CI 1.62, 3.12), and those who belong to the poorest wealth quintile were more likely to drink alcohol. Tobacco use was also strongly associated with underage drinking. The odds of drinking alcohol were 30 times higher among tobacco users than non-users (aOR 30.45; 95% CI 24.22, 38.28).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Underage drinking is prevalent across all districts of Arunachal Pradesh. Socio-demographic factors are strongly associated with underage drinking. There is a pressing need for strict enforcement of the MLDA, restricting alcohol availability, and community-based interventions to create awareness among the young population and parents about the harms of underage drinking in Arunachal Pradesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251364935"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357841/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Cravings Among Individuals with Alcohol Dependence Syndrome Prescribed with Anti-craving Medication: A Prospective Observational Study.","authors":"Madiha Sultana, Tushar Verma, Anju Jose, Gopal Das Cm, Neeraj Raj B","doi":"10.1177/02537176251359425","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251359425","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) is a prevalent condition marked by difficulty controlling alcohol use, with significant global health impacts. Despite the effectiveness of anti-craving medications like Naltrexone, Acamprosate, Baclofen, Ondansetron, and Topiramate, these medications remain underutilized by healthcare providers. This study aims to assess the relationship between craving and relapse rates among individuals prescribed anti-craving medications and to explore the correlation between medication dosage and craving severity.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a prospective observational cohort study in which individuals prescribed anti-craving medications were monitored over three months. The study utilized the Penn Alcohol Craving Scale (PACS) to measure craving intensity and the Medication Adherence Rating Scale (MARS) to assess medication adherence. Alcohol use patterns were categorized into relapse, lapse, abstinence, and active use based on predefined operational definitions.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants were between 30 and 50 years old and predominantly male. Severe dependence was observed in the majority of cases, and baclofen was prescribed to most participants. Pearson's correlation between Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire (SADQ-C) and PACS scores was <i>r</i> = 0.304 (<i>p</i> = .017), and MARS scores significantly predicted PACS scores (<i>R</i> = 0.757, <i>R</i> ² = 0.573, <i>p</i> < .001). Most participants were in the action phase, with a significant proportion maintaining abstinence. However, relapse rates increased as the study progressed. Overall, adherence to anti-craving medications reduced cravings and facilitated abstinence.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The research noted a significant reduction in craving in individuals receiving anti-craving medications. Nevertheless, no statistically significant correlation was identified between the dosage of Baclofen and PACS scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251359425"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond Seizure Control: A Case Series on Levetiracetam Associated Psychiatric Manifestations.","authors":"Tharini Durairaj, Monisha Porchezhian, Manoj Kumar, Jane Rinita John De Britto, Mythili K, Arul Saravanan","doi":"10.1177/02537176251363453","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251363453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251363453"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of tDCS Research in India: A Bibliometric Analysis.","authors":"Sujita Kumar Kar, Adarsh Tripathi, Pritanshi Jeswani, Vikrant Patel","doi":"10.1177/02537176251364384","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251364384","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) is a noninvasive technique of neuromodulation used in the treatment of various psychiatric and neurological conditions. This bibliometric analysis aimed to comprehensively capture the trends in tDCS research with India as the affiliation country.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A bibliometric analysis was conducted. Data for studies conducted on tDCS in India were extracted using Scopus from January 1, 2011, to March 27, 2025. Articles were analyzed for publication count, citation trends, institutional affiliations, contributing authors, and the journals in which they were published.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings indicate a growing number of studies being published on tDCS in India. The maximum number of articles was original research studies, followed by review articles. The Asian Journal of Psychiatry and the Indian Journal of Psychiatry were the leading journals that published articles on tDCS. NIMHANS (Bangalore), AIIMS (Delhi), and King George's Medical University (KGMU) (Lucknow) were the institutes with the highest number of publications on the subject matter.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is a rise in tDCS research; however, a discrepancy exists between the number of articles being published in various parts of the country. An inter-institutional collaboration is suggested to promote further research and provide a comprehensive understanding of the clinical applicability and standardized procedures for tDCS administration in various psychiatric and neurological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251364384"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357827/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adjunctive Deep Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (dTMS) for Managing Emotional Dysregulation in Children and Adolescents with Externalizing Behavior Disorders: An Open-label Trial.","authors":"Devangi Shukla, Nishant Goyal, Pooja Sharma, Gulesh Kumar, Chandramouli Roy","doi":"10.1177/02537176251363142","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251363142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>High-frequency deep transcranial magnetic stimulation (dTMS) targeting the Anterior Cingulate Cortex (ACC) and Medial Prefrontal Cortex (mPFC) has demonstrated effectiveness in modulating emotional experiences; however, its potential in children and adolescents with externalizing behavior disorders (EBDs) remains unexplored. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of adjunctive high-frequency dTMS on emotional regulation in children and adolescents with EBDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifteen participants with EBDs experiencing emotional regulation challenges completed this study. During the three weeks, participants received 15 sessions of dTMS. Assessments were conducted at baseline and posttreatment using the Difficulty in Emotional Regulation Scale (DERS), Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS), Affective Reactivity Index (ARI), Barrett Impulsivity Scale (BIS), and Clinical Global Impressions Severity Scale (CGI-S). A side effect checklist was administered after each session to monitor adverse events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed a significant improvement in emotional regulation, as well as other clinical variables. A significant reduction in DERS score (≥50%) was achieved (<i>p</i> < .001), indicating substantial improvement in emotional dysregulation. Clinical remission, (defined as CGI-S ≤3) was attained (<i>p</i> < .001) with a number needed to treat (NNT) of 2. These results indicate the putative potential of dTMS as an adjuvant intervention for this population.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study suggest a potential role for dTMS as an adjunctive intervention in managing emotional dysregulation in children and adolescents with EBDs, contributing to a promising approach to the existing therapeutic repertoire for this population. Further research with larger sample sizes and a sham-controlled design is needed to support these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251363142"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Executive Dysfunction and Working Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder and Their Association with Impulsivity and Self-injurious Behavior: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"S Shankar, J Shyamprakash, K S Ravishankar, M Mohamed Ilyas Rahamathulla","doi":"10.1177/02537176251364096","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251364096","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) features impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and self-injurious behaviors (SIB). Cognitive deficits, such as executive dysfunction (ED) and working memory (WM) impairments, may drive these symptoms, yet their roles remain underexplored. This study examined relationships among ED, WM, impulsivity, and SIB in BPD to identify cognitive predictors of these behaviors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study assessed 30 individuals with BPD per DSM-5 criteria. Participants completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) for impulsivity, Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) for SIB, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) for ED, and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) task for WM. Spearman's correlations and regression analyses evaluated associations between cognitive deficits, impulsivity, and SIB.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Elevated impulsivity was linked to more WCST perseverative errors (ρ = 0.45, <i>p</i> = .02) and lower LNS scores (ρ = -0.38, <i>p</i> = .04). SIB correlated with ED (ρ = 0.41, <i>p</i> = .03) but not WM (ρ = -0.20, <i>p</i> > .05). High-impulsivity participants had greater WCST errors (median = 20 vs. 11, H = 8.12, <i>p</i> < .05) and lower LNS scores (median = 6 vs. 10, H = 7.33, <i>p</i> < .05) than low-impulsivity peers. Regression confirmed BIS-11 scores predicted WCST errors (<i>β</i> = 0.40, <i>p</i> < .01) and LNS performance (<i>β</i> = -0.35, <i>p</i> < .05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The ED and WM impairments were linked to impulsivity, with ED also tied to SIB. Cognitive remediation may reduce these behaviors. Lacking a control group, longitudinal research is needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251364096"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding the Contours of a Successful Digitally Driven Capacity Building Program for Primary Care Doctors: A Mixed Method Study from a High-performing District of Southern India.","authors":"Hetashri Shah, Chandana Sabbella, Prakyath Ravindranath Hegde, Rahul Patley, Sivakami Sundari S, Rajani Parthasarathy, Narayana Manjunatha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176251358470","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251358470","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amid a pan-India digitally driven mental health capacity-building program carried out through National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) from April 2022 to November 2024, one district stood out, consistently outperforming others across most outcome measures. This study delves into the successful elements of this high-performing model district in South India to uncover the key factors behind its success.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In November-December 2023, 69 primary care doctors (PCDs) from Udupi district participated in a six-week digital mental health training. The study utilized a mixed-method approach, analyzing changes in knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) scores pre- and post-training, diagnostic and treatment concordance between PCDs and psychiatrists via collaborative video consultations (CVCs) records, and insights from focus group discussion (FGD) conducted with 12 PCDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 68.12% of Udupi PCDs attended ≥3 sessions of the training, outperforming both Karnataka state PCDs (22.89%) and PCDs from nine other states (13.24%). Post-training, KAP scores improved significantly (mean difference: 1.89, <i>t</i>: -5.63, <i>p</i> < .001), surpassing the overall program's PCDs (mean difference: 1.68). Diagnostic concordance with psychiatrists ranged from \"Very good\" to \"Good\" (Cohen's k: 0.6-1.0), while treatment concordance was \"Good\" to \"Fair\" (k: 0.3-0.6). FGDs highlighted key success factors, including participant engagement, the perceived need for psychiatric care at PHCs, positive attitudes toward digital training, and strong administrative support.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Compared to Karnataka as a whole and other states, Udupi district's standout performance was likely driven by favorable trainee-related factors and adequate administrative support enabled through digital training.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251358470"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12357833/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144882824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trainers' Perspectives Towards Digital Mental Health Training for Primary Care Providers: Insights from Focused Group Discussion.","authors":"Gauri S Mullerpattan, Nishchala Pearala, Tanisha Shetty, Prakyath Ravindranath Hegde, Rahul Patley, Narayana Manjunatha, Suresh Bada Math, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar","doi":"10.1177/02537176251360938","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251360938","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In resource-limited primary care settings, Digital Mental Health Training (DMHT) programs have emerged as scalable solutions to bridge the mental health care gap. It is essential to consider the views and perspectives of trainers, as they play a crucial role in implementing these programs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative study was conducted within the \"Mutistate Digital Mental Health Capacity Building Program for Primary Healthcare\" and explored the perspectives of 15 trainers from various professional backgrounds regarding DMHT via a Focus Group Discussion (FGDs). The transcript of the FGDs was thematically analyzed to identify key themes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study highlighted the effectiveness of hybrid training models in delivering mental healthcare. Such models incorporate the benefits of in-person sessions along with the scalability of online platforms. However, some notable barriers to DMHT programs included limited digital literacy among primary care providers, unreliable infrastructure, and competing participant responsibilities. It was found that for DMHT's success, there is a need for culturally adapted content, interactive teaching methods, and sustained administrative support. Other recommendations included improving digital infrastructure, offering pre-training sessions to enhance digital literacy, and addressing structural barriers through policy changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DMHT programs can be viable solutions to improve mental healthcare delivery in low- and middle-income countries if supported by strong infrastructure, culturally relevant content, enhanced digital literacy, and ongoing administrative support.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251360938"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12350295/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144872927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}