Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric Validation of the Kannada Translated Version of the Adult Adolescent Sensory Profile.","authors":"Shalini Quadros, Ravindra N Munoli, Podila Satya Venkata Narasimha Sharma","doi":"10.1177/02537176261494118","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261494118","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sensory modulation assessment is an integral part of occupational therapy practice; however, validated assessment tools in Indian regional languages are absent. One of the most widely recommended tools for measuring sensory modulation is the Adult Adolescent Sensory Profile (AASP). It is available only in English and a few other languages. This study aims to translate the AASP into Kannada and evaluate its content and construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed the International Test Commission (2014) guidelines for translation. Three subject experts assessed content validity. We examined internal consistency across the four quadrants. We assessed construct validity via confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) in a stratified sample of 150 healthy participants. We evaluated test-retest reliability in 25 adults over a 3-week interval between administrations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The scale-level content validity index was 0.82, and S-CVI/Avg was 0.94. Cronbach's alpha for sensation seeking was 0.72, and 0.93 for sensation avoiding. Pearson's <i>r</i> in test-retest ranged from 0.58 to 0.69. The CFA fit indices (CFI = 0.321, TLI = 0.295, RMSEA = 0.07) suggest that the four-factor structure requires cultural adaptation. The sensory sensitivity-sensation avoiding factor covariance (<i>r</i> = 0.955) indicates limited discriminant validity between the sensory sensitivity-sensation avoiding quadrants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Kannada AASP demonstrates adequate content validity and internal consistency. The original four-factor form does not fully replicate in the Kannada version, suggesting the need for further studies with a larger sample size. The translated tool offers a promising foundation for improving research in sensory modulation in the Indian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261494118"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13675415/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149216086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sleep Disturbances in Children and Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Scoping Review of Clinical Features, Impact and Interventions.","authors":"Ajanya Ak, Shahzadi Malhotra, Arvind K Arya, Diksha Deb","doi":"10.1177/02537176261491880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261491880","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by social-communication deficits, restricted-repetitive behaviors, and sensory anomalies. Sleep disturbances are reported to significantly worsen behavioral, cognitive, and family functioning in ASD. This scoping review aims to map existing evidence on the clinical features, impact, and interventions for sleep disturbances in children with ASD.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>A comprehensive literature review was conducted in accordance with PRISM-ScR guidelines, and searches were performed in PubMed, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ), Cochrane, Scopus, and Embase. Studies published from 2015 to August 31, 2025, were identified using combinations of the terms \"Sleep disturbances,\" \"ASD,\" \"Prevalence,\" \"Etiology,\" \"Types,\" and \"Intervention.\" Eligible studies included systematic reviews, meta-analyses, narrative reviews, randomized controlled trials, observational studies, and case series published in peer-reviewed English-language journals involving children and adolescents with ASD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reviewed literature indicates multifactorial causes for sleep disturbances in ASD, including medical/psychiatric comorbidities and behavioral factors like sensory sensitivities and bedtime resistance. Common sleep problems include insomnia, circadian rhythm disorders, parasomnias, sleep-disordered breathing, and sleep-related movement disorders (SRMDs). These disturbances exacerbate core ASD symptoms, impair adaptive functioning, contribute to aggression, and increase parental stress. Reported interventions include caregiver education, behavioral strategies, pharmacological approaches, and management of comorbid sleep-related conditions.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Sleep disturbances in children with ASD are highly prevalent, multifaceted, and clinically significant. Early identification and evidence-based, integrative interventions may improve sleep quality, behavioral outcomes, and overall family well-being. Future research should focus on longitudinal designs and objective sleep assessment methods to strengthen the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261491880"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Professional Readiness and Implementation Barriers for Non-invasive Neuromodulation Among Attendees of an Educational Module in Mexico: An Exploratory Cross-sectional Survey.","authors":"Eleonora Ocampo-Coronado, Daniel San-Juan, Paola Denisse Ascencio-Ceja, Alan Hinojosa-Godínez, Carlos Trenado, Cristina Nachely Subia-Castro, Luis Fernando Díaz-López, Jesús Alejandro Aldana-López, Alejandro Velasco-Hernandez, Manuel Zorrilla-Hernandez","doi":"10.1177/02537176261488423","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261488423","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Non-invasive neuromodulation is increasingly used in selected neuropsychiatric disorders, but implementation depends on professional readiness, training, access, perceived legitimacy, and local feasibility. This study assessed knowledge, perceptions, barriers, baseline willingness to recommend neuromodulation, and future implementation or referral intention among attendees of an educational neuromodulation module in Mexico.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an exploratory cross-sectional survey among attendees of an in-person educational neuromodulation module at a specialized academic congress in Mexico. Anonymous, real-time items assessed baseline familiarity; perceptions of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation, and transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation; perceived barriers; baseline willingness to recommend neuromodulation; and future implementation or referral intention. Analyses used descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests, Spearman correlations, and exploratory univariate logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 111 participants answered at least one item. Baseline familiarity was limited: 22.2% reported basic knowledge, and 84.6% strongly disagreed that they had personal equipment. Baseline willingness to recommend neuromodulation was 63.2% and was associated with basic knowledge (OR = 2.90; 95% CI = 1.44-5.84; <i>p</i> = .003), prior exposure (OR = 1.58; 95% CI = 1.07-2.35; <i>p</i> = .023), and perceived sufficiency of evidence (OR = 1.91; 95% CI = 1.21-2.99; <i>p</i> = .005). The main barriers were cost/accessibility (78.0%), patients' lack of knowledge (36.6%), and lack of technical training (29.3%). Final-block implementation-intention findings were exploratory because of the small effective denominator.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among attendees of an educational neuromodulation module in Mexico, receptivity toward non-invasive neuromodulation was favorable, but operational readiness was limited. Responsible implementation may benefit from competency-based training, referral pathways, patient education, regulatory literacy, and sustainable access models.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261488423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in Menstrual Hygiene Management Faced by Women with Serious Mental Illness: A Descriptive Phenomenological Qualitative Study.","authors":"Hannah Ravingston, Shalini Saravanan, Reema Samuel","doi":"10.1177/02537176261491916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261491916","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is essential to women's health and well-being. Women with serious mental illnesses face challenges in self-care, including MHM, due to impairments in cognition, emotional regulation, and functioning. This is further aggravated by stigma and lack of support. This study aims to explore the challenges and experiences of women with serious mental illnesses in MHM.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a descriptive phenomenological qualitative study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with women with serious mental illnesses and their caregivers using a purposive, maximum variation sampling method. Twenty-five interviews were conducted with 12 women and 13 caregivers until thematic saturation was achieved. The data obtained were transcribed, translated, and coded. Systematic text condensation was used to identify key experiences and cultural practices.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results are organized into three major themes: The experience of menarche, the current experience of menstruation, and socio-cultural influences on menstrual practices.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings underscore the importance of recognizing menstrual health as integral to daily functioning and overall well-being. Understanding how the menstrual cycle affects mood, routine, and participation can help guide more person-centered assessment and therapy. This would enhance menstrual dignity, informed choice, and fair support for women living with serious mental illness. It is also important to explore cultural practices respectfully and identify those that may limit recovery or independence. This study highlights an overlooked issue relevant to clinical practice, policy, and future research.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261491916"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13658632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149181550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Skin Picking Disorder in India: A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Treatment Outcomes from Published Case Reports and Case Series.","authors":"Apurva S Bandodcar, Mrinal V Valke","doi":"10.1177/02537176261491905","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261491905","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>To characterize the clinical features, comorbidity patterns, and treatment outcomes of skin picking disorder (SPD) in Indian populations based on published case reports and case series.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>A systematic review and exploratory descriptive meta-analysis of case reports and case series. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, IndMed, Shodhganga, and Google Scholar were searched through 10 December 2025. Titles, abstracts, and full texts were screened independently by two reviewers; disagreements were resolved by consensus. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklists for case reports (8 items) and case series (10 items). The primary outcome was pooled treatment response, analyzed using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation and a DerSimonian-Laird random-effects model, with results treated as exploratory and hypothesis-generating only. Certainty of evidence (CoE) was evaluated using GRADE.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Six studies (<i>k</i> = 6) comprising 10 patients (<i>n</i> = 10) were included. The JBI appraisal indicated that most included studies satisfied most relevant signaling questions; however, most domains could not be assessed for one anonymous conference abstract due to format limitations. Narrative synthesis revealed a 90% anxiety comorbidity rate and a mean diagnostic delay of 2.6 years. The exploratory meta-analysis (<i>k</i> = 5, <i>n</i> = 9) yielded a pooled SSRI treatment response rate of 81% (95% CI: 54%-97%; <i>I</i> ² = 0%), which should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating only given the critically small evidence base. CoE was VERY LOW for all outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SPD in Indian populations is characterized by elevated, culturally mediated anxiety comorbidity and protracted diagnostic delays. All quantitative estimates are strictly hypothesis-generating, given that the evidence base comprises 10 patients across six case-level studies. Adequately powered prospective trials and integrated psychodermatology services are urgently needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261491905"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13661822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149180940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family-related Factors Associated With Readmission Among Children and Adolescents With Psychiatric Disorders.","authors":"Mohammad Sabzi Khoshnami, Mohammad Rajabi, Fardin Alipour, Mohsen Vahedi, Fatemeh Gholami Jam","doi":"10.1177/02537176261492015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261492015","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Psychiatric readmission among children and adolescents is a major concern in mental health services and is influenced by clinical, familial, and demographic factors. However, the contribution of family-related variables remains insufficiently understood, particularly in non-Western contexts.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 78 children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and their primary caregivers. We collected data using standardized questionnaires assessing caregiver burden, parenting styles, and parent-child relationship quality, along with demographic and clinical variables. We used Poisson regression to identify predictors of psychiatric readmission.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Family-related variables were significantly associated with psychiatric readmission. Higher caregiver burden, particularly emotional burden, was associated with increased readmission risk. Authoritarian parenting and greater parent-child conflict were also linked to higher readmission, whereas emotional closeness and permissive parenting showed protective associations. Contrary to conventional expectations, authoritative parenting was not significantly associated with readmission in the final model. Most demographic variables were also not significantly associated with readmission.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Psychiatric readmission among children and adolescents appears to be strongly influenced by family emotional functioning. Notably, permissive parenting was associated with lower readmission risk, whereas authoritative parenting was not significantly associated with outcomes. These findings underscore the need for family-centered and culturally informed approaches in child and adolescent mental health care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261492015"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149164545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Managing Dissociation and Somatic Symptoms in Complex PTSD Using a Structural Dissociation-informed Approach: A Case Report.","authors":"Sanya Kapur, Megha Sharma","doi":"10.1177/02537176261491859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261491859","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic interpersonal trauma can lead to complex clinical presentations characterized by dissociation, somatic symptoms, and disturbances in self-organization, particularly when psychosocial stressors remain active. This case report describes a 32-year-old female with prolonged interpersonal trauma who presented with dissociative episodes, somatic symptoms including fainting and jaw locking, recurrent suicidal ideation, and significant functional impairment. Symptoms intensified amid ongoing interpersonal conflict and financial stress.  Assessment findings supported a diagnosis of complex post-traumatic stress disorder (CPTSD) with prominent dissociative and somatic features. Treatment followed a phase-oriented approach informed by the structural dissociation model developed by Onno van der Hart, Ellert Nijenhuis, and Kathy Steele. Intervention progressed through stabilization, trauma-focused work, and integration, incorporating psychoeducation, grounding, body-based interventions, affect regulation, and bottom-up approaches including titration and pendulation.  Over the course of therapy, improvements were observed in awareness of dissociative experiences, emotional regulation, sleep, and daily functioning. Anxiety, depressive, and dissociative symptoms showed partial reduction, and suicidal behaviors decreased, although suicidal ideation remained intermittently present. Somatic dissociative symptoms, including fainting episodes, persisted but became more predictable and manageable. Given the concurrent psychotropic medication and single-case design, these changes cannot be attributed to psychotherapy alone.  This case illustrates the application of a phase-oriented, structural dissociation-informed approach in CPTSD with prominent dissociative and somatic symptoms, while highlighting the challenges of treatment amid ongoing psychosocial adversity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261491859"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13654015/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149165979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foundations for School-based Alcohol Education in India: A Multi-stakeholder Qualitative Needs Assessment.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh, Anshuman Dixit, Manya Shukla, Abhishek Verma, Renjith R Pillai, Nyanda McBride","doi":"10.1177/02537176261489720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261489720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescent alcohol use is a growing public health concern in India, yet school-based alcohol education remains awareness-oriented, fragmented, and insufficiently differentiated from broader substance use prevention. This multi-stakeholder needs assessment aimed to evaluate the provision, content, and delivery of school-based alcohol education; identify barriers and enablers to implementation; and characterize adolescent perspectives on alcohol use and preferred program approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative design was employed, guided by the Social-Ecological Model, Social Norm Theory, and Social Learning Theory. Data were collected between August and December 2025 in Chandigarh and the Delhi National Capital Region (NCR) through key informant interviews with two education sector staff, in-depth interviews with 12 school-based teachers and counselors, and four focus group discussions with 21 students across one private and three government secondary schools. Data were analyzed using a framework of thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven cross-cutting themes were identified: barriers to alcohol education (curriculum overload, lack of teacher training, resource constraints); enablers and facilitators; current content; delivery formats; social-ecological influences on adolescent alcohol use; social learning processes; and social norms and outcome expectancies. Participant-specific themes addressed decision-making, teacher training, and suggestions for program development. An integrative framework mapping determinants of adolescent alcohol use and conditions for effective school-based education across four ecological levels was developed.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study supported the need, context, and preconditions of school-based alcohol education in India. The next phase should involve multi-stakeholder co-design of a pilot program, followed by testing with fidelity monitoring and evaluation using validated behavioral outcome measures.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261489720"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13650068/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149166215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex-based Differences in the Efficacy and Tolerability of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors in Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.","authors":"Amrita Kumari Pandey, Abhinav Tiwary, Farhan Ahmad Khan, Mohammed Reyazudin, Irfan Ahmad Khan","doi":"10.1177/02537176261489722","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261489722","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Sex-based differences in antidepressant outcomes may influence treatment decisions in major depressive disorder (MDD). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated sex-based differences in the efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) in adults with MDD.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched electronically, supplemented by citation searching. Two reviewers independently screened records and assessed full-text articles for eligibility. Of 3,523 records identified, 100 duplicates were removed, and 237 full-text articles were assessed, resulting in 10 included studies published between 2005 and 2025. Eligible studies included at least one SSRI arm with extractable sex-stratified outcome data specific to SSRIs. Risk of bias was assessed using RoB 2, the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and design-appropriate appraisal tools. Certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE. Pooled estimates were generated using random-effects meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ten studies (2005-2025) were included. Remission (six studies, 3,865 participants) showed OR: 1.18 (95% CI: 0.96-1.44; <i>I</i>² = 0%); response (two studies, 3,006 participants) OR: 1.39 (95% CI: 0.87-2.22; <i>I</i>² = 51.8%); and continuous symptom improvement (three studies, 3,050 participants) standardized mean difference 0.40 (95% CI: 0.04-0.75; <i>I</i>² = 74.9%), each favoring female. Certainty ranged from moderate (remission) to low (response, continuous improvement).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SSRI efficacy outcomes showed a consistent female-favoring direction, clearest for continuous symptom improvement, but estimates were limited by heterogeneity, imprecision, and incomplete sex-stratified reporting. The evidence does not support sex-based prescribing; adequately powered, prospectively sex-stratified studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261489722"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13619970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149080727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-report Instruments for Anxiety, Depression, and Stress in Adolescents: A Scoping Review of Psychometric Properties and Cultural Applicability.","authors":"Divyani Srivastava, Dimpy Mahanta","doi":"10.1177/02537176261483165","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261483165","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>This scoping review mapped self-report instruments assessing anxiety, depression, and stress among adolescents, focusing on their psychometric properties and cultural applicability in the Indian context. It was anticipated that most instruments would be developed and validated in Western settings, with limited validation in Indian adolescent samples; that multidimensional tools covering all three constructs would be fewer than single-construct measures, and that cultural and linguistic adaptation for Indian adolescents would be insufficient.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following Arksey and O'Malley's framework and PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Google Scholar on July 28, 2024, to identify studies reporting psychometric evaluations of self-report instruments measuring these constructs in adolescents aged 10-19 years, published in English in peer-reviewed journals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,812 records identified, 15 instruments were retained after deduplication and screening, and most showed acceptable internal consistency and structural validity per COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN)-informed criteria. Most instruments originated in Western populations; validation in Indian samples remained limited, and none combined all three constructs into a single measure.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Existing instruments offer a useful starting point for assessing adolescent anxiety, depression, and stress, but their fit for the Indian context is uneven, with gaps in test-retest evidence, adolescent-specific norms, and cultural adaptation. Progress would benefit from co-development with Indian adolescents, bilingual validation, and evidence gathered mainly from school and clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261483165"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586083/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149008381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}