Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Hyperhomocysteinemia and its Association with Cognitive Functioning-A Cross-sectional Study from an Ageing Cohort in South India.","authors":"Sandhya G, Aishwarya Ghosh, Anjana J Menon, Dwaiti Roy, Monisha S, Thomas Gregor Issac","doi":"10.1177/02537176241285127","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241285127","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241285127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in Iran: A Narrative Literature Review.","authors":"Saeid Komasi, Martin Sellbom, Christopher J Hopwood","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281888","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241281888","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Many original studies have evaluated the validity and utility of the Alternative Model for Personality Disorders (AMPD) in Iran. However, the present review is a unique attempt to summarize the data in a critical framework to cover gaps in the AMPD research and determine future directions. The review aimed to explore the psychometric evidence for the AMPD, including reliability (alpha coefficient) and validity (construct, convergent, criterion, and incremental types) data in Iran. We also reviewed the overlap between the two AMPD criteria and the associations between the constructs and general psychopathology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, PsycNet, Google Scholar, and three national databases for English and Persian records related to the AMPD from January 2013 to 2023. Several keywords and criteria were applied to select studies before summarizing the data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The self-report scales were the first-line measures to assess the AMPD constructs, while interviews were rarely used. The research body provided relative support for both the unidimensional nature of Criterion A measures and the five-factor structure of Criterion B measures. Regarding Criterion B, however, there are still questions about the validity of the disinhibition factor and its clinical utility and generalizability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although a decade of research on the AMPD in Iran has contributed to improving our knowledge, the current review provided a more comprehensive and clear profile of this model's validity and generalizability to Iranian culture. We discussed the details of validation studies, limitations, and future considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241281888"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita Act (BNSA) 2023: Implications for Forensic Psychiatry in India.","authors":"Prakyath Ravindranath Hegde, Yogender Malik, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241281465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241281465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572553/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Culturally Adapted Emotion Recognition Training Program in Improving Facial Emotion Recognition in Persons with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Umesh Thonse, Rishikesh V Behere, Nicole Frommann, Samir Kumar Praharaj, Podila Sathya Venkata Narasimha Sharma","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281451","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241281451","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Facial emotion recognition (FER) deficits are being considered as core features of social cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, associated with socio-occupational dysfunction. Social cognition intervention programs have been shown to improve these deficits; however, there are no such intervention strategies in India. In this study, we aim to examine the efficacy of Training of Affect Recognition - Indian Version (TAR-IV) to enhance the FER abilities of people with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In an open-label experimental design, 36 participants with schizophrenia underwent 12 sessions of TAR-IV as an add-on to treatment as usual (TAU), while 29 participants with schizophrenia continued TAU (pharmacological treatment with or without occupational therapy and vocational rehabilitation services). Clinical and functional assessments were done using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and socio-occupational functioning scale. Emotion recognition abilities were assessed on the tool for recognition of emotions in neuropsychiatric disorders at baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up (two to three months post-intervention).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group showed significant improvements in FER (<i>P</i> = .001) and socio-occupational functioning (<i>P</i> = .008) after receiving the TAR-IV, which remained significant at two months follow-up. A lower age of onset and poorer neurocognitive function at baseline predicted greater changes in emotion recognition ability following the intervention.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrated the efficacy of TAR-IV, the Indian adaptation of social cognition intervention, in improving emotion recognition abilities and socio-occupational functioning in patients with schizophrenia. These findings need to be replicated in randomized controlled trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241281451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Cross-Sectional Study of Concurrent Validity of the \"Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale\" with the \"Sheehan Disability Scale\" in Patients with Common Mental Disorders.","authors":"Manjunatha B Kondapura, Narayana Manjunatha, Anil Kumar M Nagaraj, Samir K Praharaj, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281320","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241281320","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Worldwide, common mental disorders (CMDs) (depression, anxiety, somatoform disorders) have a high prevalence in the community. About one-third of them experience disability. As the Indian Disability Evaluation and Assessment Scale (IDEAS) was originally designed by the Indian Psychiatric Society to assess disability in severe mental illnesses, it has not been widely used among CMDs. Our objective was to compare and establish a correlation between the level of disability obtained using IDEAS and the Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) in CMDs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional assessment of disability was performed among 220 consenting patients with CMDs. Disability scores of IDEAS and SDS were compared and correlated across the three varieties of CMDs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Age, gender, education, socioeconomic class, duration of illness, and duration of treatment exhibited significant differences among the three CMD groups. Both IDEAS and SDS show a milder level of disability; they did not differ significantly in their scores across CMDs. A strong correlation was seen between SDS and IDEAS across most domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study revealed strong concurrent validity between the two scales, thus advocating that indigenously designed IDEAS can convincingly assess disability across the CMDs among the Indian population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241281320"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572470/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use in Young College Students: A Qualitative Work from India Based on Social Norms Theory.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh, Blessy B George, Jatina Vij, Renjith R Pillai, Kathirvel Soundappan, Mamta Sharma, Debasish Basu","doi":"10.1177/02537176241283381","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241283381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Substance use among young college students in India poses public health challenges. This study seeks to uncover the motivation behind alcohol and illicit drug consumption, applying social norms theory.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This qualitative research utilized the framework method to analyze data from 14 college students (18-24 years) across various disciplines. Participants were selected using purposive sampling to ensure diversity in demographics and perspectives. Data collection was conducted online. The study used a combination of in-depth interviews (n = 14) and focused group discussions (n = 2). We used AtLAS.ti to facilitate data analysis. We used a mixed inductive and deductive coding approach. A mind map was generated to visualize the complex interplay between social norms and other individual and external mediators.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified 10 themes, 20 subthemes, and 42 codes. The themes revealed descriptive (e.g., media and modernization) and injunctive (e.g., availability and legality) social norms that facilitate substance use and social disapproval and stigma that might deter young people from using substances. Family and institutional support were also found to play a protective role. The individuals also weigh the personal consequences (e.g., health and academic harm) and advantages (e.g., coping and relaxation) of substance use, which can influence their decision to use substances. Gendered norms and subtle differences in the social norms between alcohol and illicit drugs were also identified.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study illuminates culturally tailored substance use prevention/intervention strategies that operate at the social, individual, and policy levels.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241283381"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hindi Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of Modified Weight Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M): A Cross-Sectional Study from the Metabolic Surgery Clinic in North India.","authors":"Kumari Rina, Rosali Bhoi, Anubhav Vindal, Pawanindra Lal","doi":"10.1177/02537176241280109","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241280109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The lack of culturally-sensitive tool masks the epidemiology of weight-bias and internalized-stigma. This study aimed to translate, adapt, and validate the Modified Weight-Bias Internalization Scale (WBIS-M) into Hindi.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The translation and adaptation process followed the World Health Organization guidelines. Three psychiatrists translated the original WBIS-M into Hindi. The bilingual panel comprised four psychiatrists, two laparoscopic bariatric surgeons, a professor of English, and an individual with severe obesity (with an International English Language Testing System (IELTS) score of Band 8.5) who was familiar with Western culture. The panel identified and resolved inadequate expressions of translations or discrepancies. An independent translator, whose mother tongue was English, back-translated it into the English language. Focused group discussions with individuals with severe obesity were conducted. The final H-WBIS-M was administered to undergraduates (<i>n</i> = 120) after seven days. Test-retest reliability was assessed. The original WBIS-M, Eating Disorder Diagnostic Screen, and Fat Phobia Scale-Short Form were administered to 120 undergraduates and 55 individuals with severe obesity (<i>n</i> = 175)]. Reliability and validity of H-WBIS-M were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin measure of sampling adequacy was 0.788, and Bartlett's test of sphericity was χ² = 1381.892, <i>p</i> = 0.000. The exploratory factor analysis extracted three components. Spearman-Brown coefficient for H-WBIS-M was 0.875. The internal consistency was α = 0.875 (<i>p</i> = 0.000), intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.857 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.812-0.893) (<i>p</i> = 0.000), and Pearson correlation ranged from 0.869 to 0.989 (<i>p</i> = 0.000). Cross-language concordance revealed a significant intraclass correlation coefficient (0.877-0.986) (<i>p</i> = 0.000) and Pearson correlation ranging from 0.781 to 0.972 (<i>p</i> = 0.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The H-WBIS-M demonstrated good psychometric properties based on standard testing procedures.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241280109"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572379/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Narrative Review on the Impact of Teachers' Support in the Prevention of Death by Suicide Among Young People.","authors":"Kallabi Borah, Tessy Treesa Jose, Anil Kumar Mysore Nagaraj, Linu Sara George","doi":"10.1177/02537176241284061","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241284061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Death by suicide among young people is a growing issue worldwide. Every year, 46000 children (10-19 years old) take their lives. Lack of social support is one of the causes of suicide in young people. This narrative review aims to highlight the impact of teachers' support in the prevention of death by suicide among young people.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted in Scopus, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to find out the relevant studies using the keywords and synonyms of \"social support,\" \"young,\" \"suicide,\" and \"teacher.\" The original articles published in indexed and peer-reviewed English language journals in the last 10 years (2014-2023) were included in this review. The included articles were focused on teachers' support in terms of the prevention of suicide among young people.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After screening the title-abstract and full-text articles, the review findings revealed that support from teachers has a positive impact on the prevention of suicide among young people. Young people who have higher teachers' support show lower suicidal behaviors. Hence, teachers' support acts as a protective factor against suicide in young people.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The review concludes that teachers' support has shown a positive impact on reducing suicidal behaviors among young people. Teachers are important sources of support in understanding suicidal behaviors in young people. Holistic support from each one of us is the enormous need to reduce the number of suicides. Studies have recommended that teachers' support should be the focus of intervention, for example, school-based psychoeducation on young people's suicide.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241284061"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572342/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sexual Knowledge, Attitude and Behaviors of Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Sahil H Patel, Nimisha D Desai, Sandip H Shah","doi":"10.1177/02537176241275554","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241275554","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Exposure to sexually explicit media influences the sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of youth, so studying this among medical students is of utmost importance.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>To study sexual knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and sources of influence among medical students.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A descriptive, cross-sectional, analytical, web-based study was conducted to assess sexual knowledge, attitudes, behaviors, and sources influencing sexuality in medical students via Google Forms. The form consisted of three parts: the first part was an information sheet and consent form, the second part included the participant's sociodemographic data and the third part related to two study tools, the Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Questionnaire-II (SKAQ-II) and the sexual behavior and sources of influence scale.</p><p><strong>Result: </strong>A total of 300/950 (31.5%) medical students responded to the Google questionnaire. Their mean age was 20.43 ± 1.87 years (range: 18-26 years). The mean score for sexual knowledge and attitude was 24.35 ± 4.93 and 23.79 ± 4.87, respectively, which suggested that they had good sexual knowledge and liberal attitudes toward sexuality with female preponderance. As student's academic year progresses, their sexual knowledge improves. There was a significant strong positive correlation between sexual attitude and knowledge with a Pearson correlation of r = 0.95, <i>P</i> = 0.004, which means the higher the knowledge, the better the attitude. Medical student's engagement in sexual behaviors with self- and others was at age 18.45 years. The internet was the major source for getting information related to sexual behaviors for them, but they relied on doctors and friends for guidance.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Medical students had adequate sexual knowledge, which was the reason for their liberal attitude toward sexuality. Their major source of sexual knowledge was the internet, although they confided in doctors for sexual doubts.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241275554"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572467/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating Grief in the Realm of Patient Mortality: Insights from Trainee Doctors from a Tertiary Medical Hospital in India- A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Aishwarya R Katti, Akash R Nandanikar, Aditya Karthikeyan, Vyjayanthi Nittur Venkataramu, Mohan Raju Shankarappa, Murali Thyloth","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281904","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241281904","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Physician grief, as defined by Kenneth Doka as disenfranchised grief, refers to \"the grief that individuals experience when they incur a loss that is not openly acknowledged, publicly mourned, or socially supported.\" The experience of patient deaths on the emotional health of young doctors is unknown. The after-effects like stress, anxiety, burnout, depression, and others indirectly have a potential impact on decision-making and patient care. The study aims to shed light on this underexplored dimension and advocate for appropriate training and support to promote physician well-being.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative study with a phenomenological approach was used to help explore the lived experience of trainee doctors confronted with patient deaths. The data collection was done through focused group discussions (FGDs) with three groups of trainee doctors. A semi-structured interview guide was framed and focused on their experiences of initial reactions, coping, reflections, and unmet needs among participants. Each interview was manually coded, organized into subthemes, and further into larger themes. All authors agreed upon themes and subthemes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The findings are elaborated with necessary quotes taken from the transcripts of the FGDs. The main themes identified were (a) Losing a patient's emotions behind the screen, (b) Psychological and Environmental battles, and (c) Identifying lacunae and expressing unmet needs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study findings were corroborated by concepts of disenfranchised grief, iatrogenic distress, emotionally unavailable doctors, and poor coping abilities. It also advocates for protocols and proactive measures to support interns and resident doctors.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241281904"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572609/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}