Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"An Updated Validation of Persian Versions of Six Personality Questionnaires: TEMPS-A, AFECTS, TCI, PANAS, NEO-FFI, PDQ-4","authors":"Saeid Komasi","doi":"10.1177/02537176241276741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241276741","url":null,"abstract":"Background:The revision and updating of questionnaires are part of the list of comprehensive guidelines for using psychological questionnaires. The present study aimed to test the construct and convergent validity of the Persian versions of six personality questionnaires including the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego-Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A: 35 items), the Affective and Emotional Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS: 48 items), the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI: 125 items), the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS: 20 items), the NEO-Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI: 60 items), and Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4 (PDQ-4: 99 items).Methods:The data from four independent samples of Iranian adults ( N1 = 1137, N2 = 558, N3 = 496, N4 = 478; total N = 2669, 70% female, 32.8 ± 10.7 old years) were analyzed by exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM). Pearson correlations between constructs of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5-Short Form (PID-5-BF: 25 items) or the ICD-11 compatible Personality Inventory for DSM-5–Brief Form Plus, Modified (PID5BF+M: 36 items) and the personality measures were used to evaluate convergent validity.Results:Although the number of factors of TEMPS-A and PDQ-4 were slightly different from the original structures, the results supported the factor structure and reliability (all α between 0.68 and 0.92) of all measures. Most factors of all measures were significantly related to either the PID-5-BF or the PID5BF+M constructs (all P <.05).Conclusion:The findings supported both construct validity and convergent validity of all personality measures in Iranian samples. Mental health professionals can use the Persian version of all valid personality measures to draw personality profiles of adult populations.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Biomarkers with the Severity of Depression","authors":"Shruti Agnihotri, Suresh Daripelly, Shirley Keerthana Cherla, Ajay Kumar Jopaka, Umashankar Molanguri","doi":"10.1177/02537176241264609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241264609","url":null,"abstract":"Background:The pathogenesis of depression remains elusive and uncertain. The literature suggests that low-grade systemic inflammation might contribute to the etiology of depression. Other markers that are studied are serum magnesium and serum cortisol. The association between these factors might help understand the etiology.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted on a sample of 40 participants. Socio-demographic data was noted, and the Hamilton depression rating scale was applied to rate the severity of depression. Blood samples were drawn at 8 a.m. to record a complete blood picture (to derive the neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR)), C-reactive protein, serum magnesium, and serum cortisol.Results:In this study, conducted on a sample size of 40, inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP: mg/dl) and NLR were significantly increased to 15.52 ± 13.10 and 6.46 ± 2.92, respectively, showing an underlying inflammatory pathology. Serum cortisol (µg/dl) was also raised to 22.30 ± 5.46, and there was a fall in serum magnesium. Also, it is noteworthy that all these markers were significantly associated with the severity of depression, as the Pearson correlation between the Hamilton depression rating scale-21 item (HAM-D-21) score and CRP, NLR, and serum cortisol was positive and statistically significant ( r = 0.55, p < .01; r = 0.51, p = .01; r = 0.46, p = .002). The Pearson correlation between the HAM-D score and serum magnesium was negative and statistically significant ( r = -0.82, p < .01)Conclusion:There is a state of systemic inflammation, hypercortisolemia, and hypomagnesemia in depressive disorders.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnant Women Presenting to Psychiatric Emergency Services: A Retrospective Chart Review from India","authors":"Manisha Murugesan, Sundarnag Ganjekar, Harish Thippeswamy, Geetha Desai, Prabha S Chandra","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273921","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273921","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Managing psychiatric emergencies during pregnancy is often challenging, as the safety of both the mother and the unborn fetus needs to be considered. This study aimed to examine the nature of psychiatric emergencies in pregnancy, their management, and clinical outcomes in women presenting to a psychiatry emergency room (ER).Methods:Charts of perinatal women consulting psychiatry ER between January 2016 and June 2021 were reviewed for the nature of the psychiatric emergency, pregnancy details, psychiatric symptoms, sociodemographic information, medical comorbidities, clinical diagnosis, and care plan.Results:Among 286 perinatal women who attended psychiatry ER, 57 (19.9%) patients were pregnant. Over half ( n = 30, 52.6%) women were multiparous and in their second trimester ( n = 29, 50.9%). Bipolar disorder ( n = 22, 38.6%) was the most common diagnosis. Agitation/aggression ( n = 34, 59.6%) was the most common reason for visiting ER, with risk of self-harm ( n = 14, 24.6%) and risk of harm to the fetus ( n = 7, 12.3%) being other reasons. Emergency psychotropic medications were used in 32 (56.1%) women, with the use of haloperidol in combination with promethazine ( n = 12, 37.5%) or lorazepam ( n = 8, 25%) being the most common.Conclusion:One-fifth of women in the perinatal period presenting to the ER were pregnant. Agitation and aggression were the most common reasons. Parenteral medications were commonly used, and more than a fifth required inpatient care, emphasizing the seriousness of risk.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training Needs Analysis for Medical Students in Assessing Cognitive Functioning: An Observational Study","authors":"Arwa Bohra, Mili Jyotsna, Sai Dheeraj Gowtham Reddy Pereddy, Ananyan Sampath, Abhijit R Rozatkar, Rober WS Coulter, Snehil Gupta","doi":"10.1177/02537176241274143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241274143","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds:Research shows that medical students’ knowledge and skills concerning the assessment of cognition in various neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia) are unsatisfactory. This research aims to conduct a training needs analysis (TNA) for medical students to identify and refer patients with neuropsychiatric conditions.Methods:The study comprised two phases. First, developing a TNA toolkit to assess training needs in clinical tasks related to cognitive function assessment (by adopting the Hennessy–Hicks TNA toolkit); and second, through a self-reported survey, their training needs in cognitive function assessment were assessed. Data analysis involved calculating training gaps, importance scores, performance scores, training scores, and organization scores for various clinical tasks-stratified participants’ study year; for training needs and trends, factor analysis and post-hoc analyses were conducted.Results:A total of 153 medical students from a tertiary care center participated in the survey. The participants rated their performance lower than the perceived importance of tasks, indicating a need for improvement in all competencies ( P < .01). Pre–final-year students had the highest training needs, particularly in accessing literature, planning, and organizing care for patients with cognitive impairment, performing mental status examination, screening patients for cognitive deficits, and counseling them/caregivers about interventions ( P < .01). Factor analysis identified a single dominant factor, suggesting a correlation among these skills.Conclusion:Pre–final-year students require targeted training, whereas students beyond this stage can benefit from special training modules and awareness of available resources for cognitive assessment. The findings also suggest the importance of a hybrid approach involving training and organizational modifications.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"105 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Management in the Rehabilitation of a Person with Severe Mental Illness: The Path Less Travelled","authors":"Jyoti Mishra, Navneet Kaur, Shikha Tyagi, Nitin Gupta","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273712","url":null,"abstract":"In severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, rehabilitation begins immediately. Aside from the token economy, there is limited literature on behavioral modification (BM), which is a crucial aspect of rehabilitation for person with severe mental illness (SMI). We demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of BM for one year in managing behavioral difficulties in a person with SMI. The direct observation method and the ABC functional analysis model were used for evaluation. Management, such as reinforcement and punishment, was implemented. Pre- and postassessments revealed a considerable decrease in problematic behaviors. This article also highlights the obstacles faced while managing the case and caregiver burden in rehabilitation. In persons with SMI, the application of BM enhances the patient’s functionality and reduces the caregiver burden.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nurse Counseling versus IEC Material on Maintenance of Healthy Lifestyle for Outpatients Receiving Antipsychotics: A Randomized Control Trial.","authors":"Krutideepa Mohanty, Sailaxmi Gandhi, Krishna Prasad Muliyala, Jagadisha Thirthalli, Binu V S, Kuldeep Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1177/02537176241276152","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241276152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A healthy lifestyle is important for recovery, coping with life's stresses, minimizing the occurrence and impact of health issues, and improving quality of life. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle may help in preventing or delaying the onset of many health problems.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quantitative research approach with a randomized control trial (RCT) was adopted. 130 outpatients were randomized to experimental and control groups. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 28.8 and R software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Waist circumference (WC) significantly differed between the experimental group and the control group (F = 14.87, <i>P</i> < .001). There was a decreasing trend in weight in the experimental group across the three time points (baseline to the second assessment), as compared to the control group (F = 4.29, <i>P</i> = .01). Quality of health of the subjects as measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) of the Euro Quality Of Life (EQ5D) significantly differed (F = 87.47, <i>P</i> < .001). Post-intervention, the percentage showed marked improvement in the experimental group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results of this study support that counseling about a healthy lifestyle is effective as long-term strategies to avoid weight gain, engagement in adequate physical activity, taking nutritious food and maintaining healthy sleep can, in the long run, prevent metabolic syndrome. These interventions can be delivered at a low cost, are safer and practically feasible and may have a long-term impact on the quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241276152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572445/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Linguistic Proficiency Program: An Innovation to Bridge Language Incompatibility in the Training of Psychiatric Residents","authors":"Satish Suhas, Chethan Basavarajappa, Mahalaxmi Korwar, Varsha Shamanna, Apruva Mittal, Naveen Kumar, Kalyani BG, Vijaykumar Harbishettar, Deepak S Ghadigaonkar, Narayana Manjunatha, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers’ Psychological Trauma Experiences Associated With Preterm Pregnancy, Birth, and Care: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Puleng Segalo","doi":"10.1177/02537176241275560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241275560","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Preterm birth trauma has become a growing concern in achieving the sustainable development goal targets for mental, maternal, and child health. Although obstetric and developmental complications associated with preterm birth have received a great deal of research attention over the years, subjective trauma experiences of mothers are often understudied. This qualitative study aims to fill this gap by adopting a phenomenological design to explore the traumatic experiences of mothers from pregnancy to care after childbirth of preterm babies in a low-resource economy.Results:The results of our Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) revealed three superordinate and six subordinate themes: pregnancy-related (Primary pregnancy-related complications and secondary pregnancy-related factors), healthcare-related (Trauma from invasive procedures performed on babies and trauma from the poor physical health status of the babies at NICU), and parenting-related trauma (Initial shock and denial and feelings of inadequateness and helplessness in caring for their babies).Conclusions:The study shows the complex nature of the birth trauma experienced by mothers of preterm babies. The study recommends client-centered, culturally sensitive, and trauma-focused mental health support within the maternal health system.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Role of Social Support and Family Functioning on Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"Hunny Kalra, Suninder Tung","doi":"10.1177/02537176241275566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241275566","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Caring for persons with alcohol use disorder (AUD) significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers. According to Lazarus and Folkman’s Stress and Coping Model (1984), the severity of alcohol consumption (SAC) is a major stressor for AUD caregivers. These stressors impact well-being, with QoL linked to caregivers’ coping resources, especially social support (SS) and family functioning (FF). The study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of SS and FF in the relationship between the SAC and caregivers’ QoL.Material and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in two psychiatric hospitals in Amritsar city, Punjab. We used a purposive sampling technique to collect data from 128 family caregivers aged 18 and above who were caring for male patients with AUD aged between 20 and 65. The assessment tools used were the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Family Assessment Device (FAD), and PGI Social Support Questionnaire (PGI SSQ).Results:There is a significant and partial mediation of the association between SAC and QoL by both SS and FF ( P &lt; .001, 99% CI). Moreover, SAC (r = –0.519), FF (r = –0.603), and SS (r = 0.641) showed significant correlations with caregivers’ QoL ( P &lt; .001). The mean scores for SAC, SS, FF, and QoL were 22.66 (11.38), 50.88 (9.45), 127.18 (43.85), and 84.13 (18.70), respectively, suggesting moderate SAC in patients, moderate to high perceived SS levels, moderate perception of family dysfunction, and moderate to high QoL among the caregivers.Conclusion:SAC detrimentally impacts caregivers’ QoL both directly and indirectly through SS and FF, with the latter serving as mediators, partially mitigating SAC’s negative impact. Clinical implications underscore the importance of tailored interventions, emphasizing the strengthening of support systems and consideration of diverse FF domains for personalized approaches. The findings contribute valuable insights for developing targeted interventions customized to the specific needs of AUD caregivers to enhance their overall QoL.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Translation, Cultural Adaptation, and Psychometric Properties of Hindi Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale in University Nursing Students.","authors":"Aachal, Rajesh Kumar, Yogesh Bahurupi","doi":"10.1177/02537176241276150","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241276150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale (RSES) has been widely used without proper translation, cultural adaptation, and testing psychometric properties in Indian studies. The study aimed to translate and culturally adapt the 10-item Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale into Hindi and find psychometric properties.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We have translated the scale using World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Using a cross-sectional design, the translated scale was administered to 143 undergraduate nursing students randomly selected. Content validity index (CVI) was used to assess content validity. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with principal axis factoring was used to estimate the construct validity. Cronbach's alpha (α) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) were used to check internal consistency and test re-test reliability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The S-CVI for the Hindi RSES was 0.98. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) (=0.79), and Bartlette's test for sphericity was significant (<i>χ</i> ² = 425.06, df = 45, <i>P</i> < .001). EFA extracted three common factors, explaining 62.62% of the total variance. The factor loading of all items suggests a good representation of their underlying construct; all items >0.47, except item 1 (= -0.373). The test re-test, an ICC was r = 0.76 (<i>P</i> < .001), and Cronbach's alpha (α) after deletion of item 1 was 0.81, suggesting excellent reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Hindi Rosenberg self-esteem scale is a psychometrically tested scale to assess self-esteem in the Hindi-speaking adult population. These findings provide empirical judgment for using the translated Hindi RSES to measure self-esteem among the adult population. The authors recommend verifying the psychometric properties in a more extensive and varied population.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176241276150"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11572686/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}