Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Opioid-containing Herbal Medicines and Dependence: A Potential Epidemic- A Case Series.","authors":"Humaid Ahmad, Shreyas Ahuja, Navratan Suthar","doi":"10.1177/02537176261422341","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261422341","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261422341"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12932130/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147305389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative Data of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Parent Form in Indian Children Between the Ages of 6 and 11 Years.","authors":"Vaarya Rupani, Sangeetha Shenoy, Dinesh Rajaram, Shailaja Holla","doi":"10.1177/02537176261421806","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261421806","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We aimed to study the prevalence of behavioral problems among school-going children, the factors affecting them, and to establish normative scores for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) parent form.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted among schoolchildren aged 6-11 years from two primary schools in South India. Parents of children included in the study were asked to fill out the Kannada/English version of the SDQ Parent Form.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SDQ parent report forms were filled by parents of 671 children, of which 49.8% (<i>n</i> = 334) were boys with a M: F ratio of 1:1.01. There was an equal distribution across different age groups. The comparison of scores between boys and girls showed no statistically significant difference in all scales except for the hyperactivity subscale, where the boys had a higher score with a median (IQR) of 4 (2,5) compared to the girls' score of 3 (1,4) (<i>p</i> = .001). Regarding age, although the total difficulties score, conduct problems score, hyperactivity score, and internalizing score were higher in the 9-11-year-old group than in the 6-8-year-old group, the <i>p</i> value was not significant. Children of fathers with higher educational status scored better in the peer problems and prosocial scores. The newer cut-off scores have been generated and are divided into four bands, similar to the 4-band categorization on the SDQ scoring site.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Boys had higher scores on the hyperactivity subscale than girls. Normative data for Indian children aged 6-11 years have been generated and are similar to UK data.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261421806"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Personalized Feedback Intervention (PFI) with Fear Appeal on Alcohol Consumption Pattern in Patients with Alcohol-induced Delirium: Protocol of an Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Santhini Ajay, Sristi Lakshmi, Vishakha Jain, Mamidipalli Sai Spoorthy, Barikar C Malathesh, Sai Krishna Tikka","doi":"10.1177/02537176261422286","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261422286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol dependence is prevalent, with significant morbidity and mortality linked to alcohol-induced delirium. A new but less studied strategy integrating personalized feedback intervention (PFI) with fear appeal has shown promise in modifying behavior.</p><p><strong>Novelty: </strong>There is limited evidence to suggest that using patients' own videotaped recordings in a delirious state can reduce relapse and enhance abstinence. Our study evaluates the combined effect of both PFI and fear appeal on reducing alcohol use and prolonging abstinence.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the impact of PFI with fear appeal on alcohol consumption patterns in terms of duration of abstinence and amount of alcohol consumption in patients with delirium.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This open-label randomized controlled trial will recruit 48 patients (purposive sampling) aged >18 years, any gender diagnosed with alcohol-induced delirium at AIIMS Bibinagar. Participants will be assessed for withdrawal severity and delirium using standardized tools. They will be randomly allocated (opaque sealed envelopes) to two groups: (a) PFI with fear appeal (Group 1) and (b) Treatment as usual (TAU, Group 2). Group 1 will receive TAU, along with PFI, and fear appeal, using a video recording of their own delirium symptoms. Intervention will focus on the harmful consequences of alcohol use, aiming to reduce consumption and increase abstinence duration. Group 2 will receive standard pharmacological treatment, along with motivational enhancement therapy (MET) or relapse prevention therapy (RPT).</p><p><strong>Expected outcome: </strong>Outcomes will be measured through Timeline Follow Back (TLFB) for alcohol consumption and duration of abstinence, with follow-ups at 1 and 3 months.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"433-439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12924772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147276256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 in Counteracting Reserpine-induced Depression-like Symptoms and Neuroinflammation in Zebrafish.","authors":"Vajagathali Mohammed, Meenakshi Shanmugaraja, Kailash Sureshkumar","doi":"10.1177/02537176261420447","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261420447","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Depression is emerging as a significant global public health concern. <i>Escherichia coli</i> Nissle 1917 (EcN), a well-known probiotic, is recognized for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and has demonstrated efficacy in treating inflammatory bowel diseases and other gastrointestinal disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Reserpine, an obsolete antihypertensive medicine known to cause neurotoxicity, was used to induce depression-like symptoms in adult zebrafish. Our experimental approach encompassed various stages, including behavior assessment, histological examination, antioxidant assays, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Reserpine exposure resulted in significant behavioral deficits, increased oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and elevated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in the zebrafish brain. EcN treatment significantly improved locomotor and exploratory behaviors and restored social preference compared with the reserpine group (<i>p</i> < .05). EcN markedly increased antioxidant enzyme activities (Catalase and Superoxide dismutase) while reducing lactate dehydrogenase, nitric oxide, and lipid peroxidation levels (<i>p</i> < .05). Furthermore, EcN significantly reduced tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and necrosis factor-κB levels in the brain relative to reserpine-treated fish (<i>p</i> < .001). These effects were comparable, though slightly less pronounced, than those observed with Venlafaxine.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EcN significantly attenuated reserpine-induced depression-like behavior, oxidative stress, neuronal damage, and neuroinflammation in adult zebrafish, as evidenced by statistically significant improvements in behavioral, biochemical, and inflammatory endpoints. These findings support EcN as a promising psychobiotic with antidepressant-like properties, warranting further mechanistic and translational investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261420447"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12916336/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147270823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Schema Therapy for Avoidant Personality Disorder: Working with Dysfunctional Coping Modes.","authors":"Tavleen Kaur Kohli, Munivenkatappa Manjula, Arnoud Arntz, Y C Janardhan Reddy","doi":"10.1177/02537176261418993","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261418993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Schema Therapy (ST) is an integrative therapeutic approach for addressing personality disorders such as Avoidant Personality Disorder (AvPD). This approach emphasizes the identification and healing of Early Maladaptive Schemas (EMS) and the use of schema modes that contribute to the development of PDs. Schema modes are moment-to-moment reflections of emotional and behavioral states triggered by the activation of different EMS. They comprise thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Coping modes, a subset of schema modes, are unconscious strategies employed to manage distress that obstructs access to an individual's vulnerabilities. This article illustrates the therapeutic process of ST in working through the dysfunctional coping modes of Ms. A, a 22-year-old female diagnosed with AvPD and Depression. It highlights the significant challenges encountered in therapy with respect to the client's detached and avoidant protector modes. Therapeutic interventions, such as limited reparenting and empathic confrontation, played a crucial role in addressing dysfunctional coping modes and facilitating access to clients' vulnerable child modes. This study further underscores the importance of considering therapeutic relationships when engaging with clients' coping strategies. Finally, the implications of addressing coping modes in the treatment of clients with AvPD are discussed. As a single-case study, its findings have limited generalizability due to the presence of other confounding factors, including the role of concurrent medication in the outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"440-445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12913036/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146226628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Psychosocial Parameters Between Injecting and Non-injecting Opioid-dependent Males.","authors":"Imamuddin Khan, Sonali Jhanjee, Anju Dhawan, Omar Afroz","doi":"10.1177/02537176261418466","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261418466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Opioid use disorder (OUD), particularly injection drug use (IDU), is on the rise and is associated with complications such as blood-borne infections, overdosing, and seizures, among others. Understanding factors distinguishing non-injecting opioid users (NIOU) and IDUs is essential for the development of effective prevention and management strategies. This study aimed to compare sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial factors between IDUs and NIOUs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary care center in North India, including 100 opioid-dependent males (50 NIOUs and 50 IDUs). Sociodemographic, clinical, and psychosocial variables were assessed using structured interviews and validated instruments, including the Maudsley Addiction Profile, the severity of dependence scale (SDS), the high-risk behavior scale (HRBS), the sensation seeking scale (SSS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), and the WHO-ASSIST.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>IDUs had significantly higher histories of alcohol use, duration of cannabis use, and family history of substance use, and significantly higher scores on HRBS, BIS, and the SSS (<i>p</i> < .05). WHO-ASSIST and SDS scores were comparable between the groups. IDUs had a substantially higher number of days of heroin use in the last month and days of conflicts with relatives (<i>p</i> < .05). Mean duration of the transition period from NIOU to IDU was 4 ± 3.3 years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Family history of drug use, higher sensation seeking, impulsivity, and risk-taking behavior were found to be important factors related to IDU. Interventions targeting these factors are essential for preventing the transition from NIOU to IDU.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261418466"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893926/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146201490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mentalization Profiles of Adolescents with Internalizing Disorders: Domain-specific Differences Compared to Typically Developing Adolescents.","authors":"Arushee Wahi, Bangalore N Roopesh, John Vijay Sagar Kommu","doi":"10.1177/02537176261419381","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261419381","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Adolescence is a sensitive period for mentalization development and also marks the onset and exacerbation of psychiatric conditions. Mentalization impairments are transdiagnostic, but the literature primarily focuses on younger children and adults in Western cultures, with limited exploration in adolescents. This study aimed to explore the differences between mentalization profiles of adolescents with internalizing disorders (AID) and typically developing adolescents (TDA) in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample included 166 adolescents (aged 12-17), divided into the AID group (<i>n</i> = 83) diagnosed with either depression, anxiety, or somatoform/dissociative disorders, and the TDA group (<i>n</i> = 83) without any psychiatric illness, group-matched on age, gender, and years of formal education. The Mentalization Scale (MentS), the Reflective Functioning Questionnaire for Youth (RFQ-Y), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) were administered to both groups. In contrast, the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale for Youth was administered only to the AID group to assess symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mann-Whitney U tests revealed the AID group had significantly lower \"self-mentalization\" (r_rb = 0.177) and \"Overall mentalization Ability\" (r_rb = 0.311). No significant differences were found in \"other-mentalization\" and \"motivation to Mentalize.\" Spearman's Rank-Order Correlation revealed that \"Overall mentalization ability\" was significantly negatively correlated with internalizing and externalizing problems on the SDQ, whereas \"motivation to Mentalize\" was significantly positively correlated with emotional symptoms on the SDQ.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study highlights differential impairments in mentalization domains between AID and TDA, providing novel insights into mentalization profiles of adolescents through a developmental lens with theoretical and clinical implications in addressing this transdiagnostic vulnerability.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261419381"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12893929/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146201577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"India's Unique Legal Framework for Psilocybin Mushroom Research: An Unprecedented Opportunity in Psychiatric Therapeutics.","authors":"Ashlyn Tom, B Sai Chaitanya Reddy, Manik Inder Singh Sethi, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176261416347","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261416347","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261416347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12880928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Seizure Therapy: A Novel Approach for Treating Mood Disorder Patients.","authors":"Pallavi Abhilasha, Sharad Philip, Kartik Singhai","doi":"10.1177/02537176261419322","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261419322","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Magnetic seizure therapy (MST) is a novel neurostimulation method that merges the benefits of controlled seizure induction with the targeted application and enhances the safety of magnetic stimulation. This article reviews current research and assesses the potential role of MST in the management of mood disorders.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>We searched PubMed and Google Scholar for English-language articles on MST in mood disorders. We also searched for articles comparing MST with electroconvulsive therapy. Early clinical studies and preclinical studies suggest that MST may be effective in alleviating both manic and depressive symptoms, with a more favorable cognitive profile. However, evidence remains preliminary, with limited randomized controlled trials and comprehensive long-term follow-up data.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Although MST appears promising as an innovative treatment option, additional large-scale, rigorously controlled studies are needed to confirm its safety, effectiveness, and ideal therapeutic approaches for individuals with mood disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"251-256"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12880922/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Power Primer Revisited.","authors":"Mohamad Adam Bujang","doi":"10.1177/02537176261421310","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261421310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"206-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12880927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146142315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}