Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Training Needs Analysis for Medical Students in Assessing Cognitive Functioning: An Observational Study","authors":"Arwa Bohra, Mili Jyotsna, Sai Dheeraj Gowtham Reddy Pereddy, Ananyan Sampath, Abhijit R Rozatkar, Rober WS Coulter, Snehil Gupta","doi":"10.1177/02537176241274143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241274143","url":null,"abstract":"Backgrounds:Research shows that medical students’ knowledge and skills concerning the assessment of cognition in various neuropsychiatric conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s disease and schizophrenia) are unsatisfactory. This research aims to conduct a training needs analysis (TNA) for medical students to identify and refer patients with neuropsychiatric conditions.Methods:The study comprised two phases. First, developing a TNA toolkit to assess training needs in clinical tasks related to cognitive function assessment (by adopting the Hennessy–Hicks TNA toolkit); and second, through a self-reported survey, their training needs in cognitive function assessment were assessed. Data analysis involved calculating training gaps, importance scores, performance scores, training scores, and organization scores for various clinical tasks-stratified participants’ study year; for training needs and trends, factor analysis and post-hoc analyses were conducted.Results:A total of 153 medical students from a tertiary care center participated in the survey. The participants rated their performance lower than the perceived importance of tasks, indicating a need for improvement in all competencies ( P < .01). Pre–final-year students had the highest training needs, particularly in accessing literature, planning, and organizing care for patients with cognitive impairment, performing mental status examination, screening patients for cognitive deficits, and counseling them/caregivers about interventions ( P < .01). Factor analysis identified a single dominant factor, suggesting a correlation among these skills.Conclusion:Pre–final-year students require targeted training, whereas students beyond this stage can benefit from special training modules and awareness of available resources for cognitive assessment. The findings also suggest the importance of a hybrid approach involving training and organizational modifications.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Behavioral Management in the Rehabilitation of a Person with Severe Mental Illness: The Path Less Travelled","authors":"Jyoti Mishra, Navneet Kaur, Shikha Tyagi, Nitin Gupta","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273712","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273712","url":null,"abstract":"In severe mental illness (SMI), such as schizophrenia, rehabilitation begins immediately. Aside from the token economy, there is limited literature on behavioral modification (BM), which is a crucial aspect of rehabilitation for person with severe mental illness (SMI). We demonstrate the implementation and effectiveness of BM for one year in managing behavioral difficulties in a person with SMI. The direct observation method and the ABC functional analysis model were used for evaluation. Management, such as reinforcement and punishment, was implemented. Pre- and postassessments revealed a considerable decrease in problematic behaviors. This article also highlights the obstacles faced while managing the case and caregiver burden in rehabilitation. In persons with SMI, the application of BM enhances the patient’s functionality and reduces the caregiver burden.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Linguistic Proficiency Program: An Innovation to Bridge Language Incompatibility in the Training of Psychiatric Residents","authors":"Satish Suhas, Chethan Basavarajappa, Mahalaxmi Korwar, Varsha Shamanna, Apruva Mittal, Naveen Kumar, Kalyani BG, Vijaykumar Harbishettar, Deepak S Ghadigaonkar, Narayana Manjunatha, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mothers’ Psychological Trauma Experiences Associated With Preterm Pregnancy, Birth, and Care: A Qualitative Study","authors":"Jacob Owusu Sarfo, Puleng Segalo","doi":"10.1177/02537176241275560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241275560","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Preterm birth trauma has become a growing concern in achieving the sustainable development goal targets for mental, maternal, and child health. Although obstetric and developmental complications associated with preterm birth have received a great deal of research attention over the years, subjective trauma experiences of mothers are often understudied. This qualitative study aims to fill this gap by adopting a phenomenological design to explore the traumatic experiences of mothers from pregnancy to care after childbirth of preterm babies in a low-resource economy.Results:The results of our Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) revealed three superordinate and six subordinate themes: pregnancy-related (Primary pregnancy-related complications and secondary pregnancy-related factors), healthcare-related (Trauma from invasive procedures performed on babies and trauma from the poor physical health status of the babies at NICU), and parenting-related trauma (Initial shock and denial and feelings of inadequateness and helplessness in caring for their babies).Conclusions:The study shows the complex nature of the birth trauma experienced by mothers of preterm babies. The study recommends client-centered, culturally sensitive, and trauma-focused mental health support within the maternal health system.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating Role of Social Support and Family Functioning on Quality of Life of Family Caregivers of Individuals With Alcohol Use Disorder","authors":"Hunny Kalra, Suninder Tung","doi":"10.1177/02537176241275566","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241275566","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Caring for persons with alcohol use disorder (AUD) significantly affects the quality of life (QoL) of caregivers. According to Lazarus and Folkman’s Stress and Coping Model (1984), the severity of alcohol consumption (SAC) is a major stressor for AUD caregivers. These stressors impact well-being, with QoL linked to caregivers’ coping resources, especially social support (SS) and family functioning (FF). The study aimed to investigate the mediating roles of SS and FF in the relationship between the SAC and caregivers’ QoL.Material and Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted in two psychiatric hospitals in Amritsar city, Punjab. We used a purposive sampling technique to collect data from 128 family caregivers aged 18 and above who were caring for male patients with AUD aged between 20 and 65. The assessment tools used were the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), Family Assessment Device (FAD), and PGI Social Support Questionnaire (PGI SSQ).Results:There is a significant and partial mediation of the association between SAC and QoL by both SS and FF ( P < .001, 99% CI). Moreover, SAC (r = –0.519), FF (r = –0.603), and SS (r = 0.641) showed significant correlations with caregivers’ QoL ( P < .001). The mean scores for SAC, SS, FF, and QoL were 22.66 (11.38), 50.88 (9.45), 127.18 (43.85), and 84.13 (18.70), respectively, suggesting moderate SAC in patients, moderate to high perceived SS levels, moderate perception of family dysfunction, and moderate to high QoL among the caregivers.Conclusion:SAC detrimentally impacts caregivers’ QoL both directly and indirectly through SS and FF, with the latter serving as mediators, partially mitigating SAC’s negative impact. Clinical implications underscore the importance of tailored interventions, emphasizing the strengthening of support systems and consideration of diverse FF domains for personalized approaches. The findings contribute valuable insights for developing targeted interventions customized to the specific needs of AUD caregivers to enhance their overall QoL.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Addiction: Challenges and Opportunities","authors":"Mohit Suva, Gayatri Bhatia","doi":"10.1177/02537176241274148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241274148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142175452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"My Journey with Empathy.","authors":"Abhay Matkar","doi":"10.1177/02537176241281994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241281994","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Evaluation of the First Clinical Posting in Psychiatry of the Competency-Based Medical Education (CBME) Curriculum for Undergraduate Medical Students in India.","authors":"Shalini Perugu, Priya Sreedaran, Uttara Chari, Bhuvaneshwari Sethuraman, Luke Joshua Salazar","doi":"10.1177/02537176241284358","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241284358","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The new competency-based medical education (CBME) curriculum presents an opportunity to address the many deficiencies in undergraduate (UG) psychiatry education in India. There are no published reports of such evaluations of psychiatry teaching programs based on the new CBME curriculum.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cross-sectional evaluation of the first clinical posting in psychiatry of the new CBME curriculum using the following metrics: clinical skills, knowledge, attitudes towards psychiatry, self-efficacy in performing the specific learning objectives (SLOs), and satisfaction with specific teaching-learning and assessment methods implemented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean knowledge score after the posting was significantly higher compared to the mean knowledge score at baseline (7.79 vs 5.45, p<0.001). The mean clinical skills score after the posting was 13.77 (0-20 range). Improvement was noted in the mean scores on all three sub-scales of the attitudes toward psychiatry scale. However, the improvement in scores was statistically significant only on the 'Stigma of Psychiatry' sub-scale. The mean scores on the items of the self-efficacy scale were between 63.41 and 77.73 (0-100 range). The mean scores on all items of the satisfaction scale were between 4 (somewhat satisfied) and 5 (very satisfied).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We have described an evaluation of the first clinical posting in psychiatry of the new CBME curriculum. The posting was effective in imparting knowledge and clinical skills and potentially bringing about favorable changes in the attitudes toward psychiatry among UG medical students. The students also perceived confidence in performing the SLOs and were satisfied with the teaching-learning methods and assessment methods implemented.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What We Know, We See and Do: Formative Assessments Practices of Psychiatry: Postgraduate Residency from a General Hospital Psychiatry Unit in India.","authors":"Ajay Kumar, Lokesh Kumar Singh, Aditya Somani, Laxmi Nirisha P","doi":"10.1177/02537176241273711","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241273711","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11450786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142380753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fine-tuning Postgraduate Psychiatry Training in South Asia.","authors":"Shehan S Williams","doi":"10.1177/02537176241280284","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241280284","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11444317/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142365139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}