Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Psychometric Evaluation of Bengali, Hindi, and Kannada Versions of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.","authors":"Anirban Dutta, Himani Kalra, Praveen Raj, Karthik Sheshachala, Vasundhra Teotia, Dhritiman Das, T S Jaisoorya, Kandavel Thennarasu, Shyam Sundar Arumugham, Yc Janardhan Reddy","doi":"10.1177/02537176251335095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251335095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) is the most widely used clinician-rated instrument for assessing the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). There are no validated translations of the scale in Indian languages. In a clinical sample, we evaluated the psychometric properties of the Bengali, Hindi, and Kannada versions of the Y-BOCS severity scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The English version of Y-BOCS was translated into three Indian languages employing standard procedures. The Kannada, Hindi, and Bengali versions were administered to 71, 100, and 105 OCD patients, respectively, along with the National Institute of Mental Health-Global Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (NIMH-GOCS) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Cronbach's alpha was assessed to measure internal consistency. Test-retest reliability was evaluated by re-administering the translated scales by the primary rater. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated by re-administering the scale by an independent rater within a week.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three versions of the Y-BOCS severity scale had high Cronbach's Alpha scores (>0.90) for total and subscale scores, suggesting good internal consistency. The intraclass coefficients for inter-rater and test-retest reliability were >0.90, suggesting excellent reliability. Although the total Y-BOCS score was significantly correlated with both NIMH-GOCS and PHQ-9, the correlation was stronger for the former, supporting the construct validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The translated versions of Y-BOCS investigated in this study are psychometrically reliable and valid measures for the assessment of severity in the Indian population with OCD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251335095"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12050265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"How Sensitive Are the Free AI-detector Tools in Detecting AI-generated Texts? A Comparison of Popular AI-detector Tools\".","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1177/02537176241312258","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241312258","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"305-306"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744589/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT): Reiterating the Call for Urgent Attention.","authors":"Charles H Kellner","doi":"10.1177/02537176251330928","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251330928","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"301-302"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006110/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144010093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"How Long Can You Stare at Wife?\" Rethinking Duty Hours and Mental Health at the Workplace.","authors":"Om Prakash Singh","doi":"10.1177/02537176251339465","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251339465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"205-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12058696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143984838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to the Comments on \"How Sensitive Are the Free AI-detector Tools in Detecting AI-generated Texts? A Comparison of Popular AI-detector Tools\".","authors":"Sujita Kumar Kar, Amit Singh","doi":"10.1177/02537176241312261","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176241312261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"306-307"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11744586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143004624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Preliminary Outcome Study of Brief Cognitive Therapy for Management of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors: An Open-label Trial Protocol.","authors":"Swarnalakshmi S, Munivenkatappa Manjula, Venkata Senthil Kumar Reddi","doi":"10.1177/02537176251315390","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251315390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs) are a major concern in India, but there is limited research on effective interventions. Cognitive Therapy for Suicidal Patients (CT-SP) has shown promise, but its implementation in India needs further investigation.</p><p><strong>Novelty: </strong>This study adopts a transdiagnostic approach to suicidality, recognizing the strong link between various mental health conditions and STBs. The study aims to use an evidence-based intervention for acute suicidal risk and understand its outcomes in the Indian context using systematic implementation. The blended delivery format of the intervention (both in-person and online) further enhances its relevance for diverse clinical settings.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The study aims to assess the effectiveness of a brief CT-SP intervention in reducing the severity of suicidal ideation and behaviors. Secondary objectives include evaluating changes in emotional regulation, cognitive flexibility, hopelessness, depression, anxiety, problem-solving skills, frequency of dysfunctional cognitions, and overall functioning.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study will use an open-label, single-group design with baseline, post-intervention, and follow-up assessments at one, three, and six months. Patients with recent suicidal ideation or behaviors will be recruited across diagnoses. The intervention consists of a ten-session CT-SP protocol delivered in a blended format over five weeks.</p><p><strong>Expected outcome: </strong>The study would contribute to the empirical understanding of suicide risk management in clinical settings and inform the development of culturally relevant interventions specific to the Indian context.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"279-285"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829275/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lead Time Bias in Medicine and Psychiatry: A Concept Simply Explained.","authors":"Chittaranjan Andrade","doi":"10.1177/02537176251324499","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251324499","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Screening for a disease typically results in earlier diagnosis and hence longer life lived with the disease. Earlier diagnosis permits earlier intervention, which is good if it improves functioning and quality of life from an earlier time point, and if it improves the course and outcome of the disease. However, for diseases that are benign, those that are relentlessly progressive, and those that arise late in life, earlier diagnosis and earlier intervention may not meaningfully change course and outcome. In such situations, the early detection and longer life lived with the disease can incorrectly suggest that the screening and early intervention prolonged survival. Expressed otherwise, longer survival may merely be an artifact of starting measurement earlier. This artifact is known as lead time bias. Lead time bias has long been recognized for many medical conditions, including cancers. In psychiatry, lead time bias is clearly associated with survival in dementia, and has recently been investigated in the context of duration of untreated psychosis and outcome domains in schizophrenia. It is important to know about lead time bias because it may play an unrecognized role in shaping health policy and clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"295-296"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11951120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143752494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intravenous Ketamine Treatment for Depression: One-year Retrospective Study from a Tertiary Care Psychiatry Center from India.","authors":"Ekta Yadav, Bheemsain Tekkalaki, Kavita P Gadadavar, Vishwas Yadawad, Sameeran S Chate, Sandeep Patil, Vinayak Koparde","doi":"10.1177/02537176251334446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251334446","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating mental health condition characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. The emergence of ketamine infusion therapy has provided a promising, rapidly acting treatment option. We aimed to assess the effectiveness of ketamine infusion therapy as an adjunct treatment in patients with depression and to study the patient's profile undergoing ketamine therapy in a real-world clinical setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective chart review. A total of 28 patients with depression who received ketamine infusion therapy at a tertiary care hospital were included in this retrospective analysis. The Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was utilized to assess depressive symptomatology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A statistically significant reduction in HAMD scores was observed post-treatment (<i>P</i> < .0001). Notably, 53.6% of patients achieved a therapeutic response (≥50% decrease in HAMD score), while 39.3% attained remission (HAMD score < 7) after an average of 4.6 ketamine infusions. Furthermore, a substantial decrease in suicidal ideation was observed in 71.4% of patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The finding of this study indicates that ketamine infusion therapy is safe and effective as a rapidly acting adjunct treatment for depression.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251334446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040862/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143991784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Juvenile Delinquency in Kashmir: A Retrospective Analysis of Psychosocial Profiles.","authors":"Rajnish Raj, Syed Karrar Hussain, Vaibhav Kumar Khare, Zaid Ahmad Wani, Afifa Afreen","doi":"10.1177/02537176251335059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251335059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>India has a large population of children under 18, one-third of the total population. Jammu and Kashmir (J&K) has experienced an increase in juveniles in conflict with the law compared to the rest of the country. This study aimed to assess the socio-demographic profiles, psychosocial factors, and psychopathology of juveniles in conflict with the law in Kashmir who were referred to our institute for assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective cross-sectional study assessed records from January 2022 to June 2024. Data related to the socio-demographic profile, psychosocial factors, psychiatric disorders, charged offenses, and psychological assessments (Draw a Picture Test [DAPT], Rorschach Inkblot Test [RIBT]) were extracted and analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the subjects was 17.24 years, and all participants were male. A history of child labor was reported in 29.26% of the subjects, while 41.46% (<i>N</i> = 17) experienced familial neglect. Hyperactivity and impulsivity, consistent with ADHD (7.31%), were the most common psychiatric disorders, followed by depression (4.87%) and anxiety disorders (4.87%). In the DAPT, most subjects scored higher on inadequacy, followed by anxiety and social immaturity. In contrast, intact cognitive mediation and an avoidant style were more prevalent in the RIBT. The most common offenses were registered under the Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act, followed by the Arms Act and the Protection of Children from Sexual Offenses (POCSO) Act.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study observed a link between juvenile delinquency and developmental, psychological, and social factors. Anxiety, hyperactivity, and peer influence were frequently reported among the cases analysed, highlighting areas requiring further exploration. The findings underscore the importance of addressing developmental and mental health conditions, as well as psychosocial factors, in juveniles in conflict with the law. Future research should explore targeted rehabilitation programs and longitudinal studies to establish causality. In limitation, this retrospective study used descriptive statistics, limiting the ability to infer causation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251335059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12040872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144008791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SMILES: A Child-Centered OCD Recovery Model Derived Through Thematic Analysis.","authors":"Lakshmi Sravanti, Arul Pradeep, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Satish Chandra Girimaji, Shekhar Seshadri","doi":"10.1177/02537176251333706","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251333706","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children and adolescents presents unique clinical challenges, requiring individualized care. Recovery is a subjective process, and a structured recovery model is needed to guide and support children during their journey. This study explores the meaning of recovery for children with OCD and develops a model that addresses their specific needs throughout treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The central research question aimed to explore the meaning of recovery for children living with OCD. A purposive sampling approach was employed to recruit five participants each from the 7-12 years (children) and 13-17 years (adolescents) age groups, with theme saturation achieved after ten transcripts. Participants were required to have had OCD for at least six months and be in remission. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, with the final themes synthesized into a conceptual model, SMILES. Ethical approval from the institute and informed consent were obtained from the participants and their parents.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants identified six key areas of recovery. These areas, derived through inductive thematic analysis, form the components of the recovery model represented by the acronym SMILES, which stands for <b>S</b>ense of self, <b>M</b>ental Health and Well-being, <b>I</b>nstitution of school, <b>L</b>ifestyle, <b>E</b>xtracurricular, and <b>S</b>ocial. The SMILES model can be used in two formats-Rainbow Recovery and Blooming Recovery-based on the child's preference.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The SMILES model can enhance clinical practice by aiding clinicians in establishing a connection with children, thereby facilitating the delivery of holistic care.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251333706"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018353/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143985954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}