Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Prevalence of Childhood Adversity and Its Association with Depression, Anxiety, and Psychotic-like Experiences Among Young Indian Adults: A Cross-sectional Study.","authors":"Pavithra Arunachaleeswaran, Sangeetha Chandrasekaran, Lakshmi Rajesh, Vijayalakshmi U, Jothilakshmi Durairaj, Swaran Singh, Thara Rangaswamy, Vijaya Raghavan","doi":"10.1177/02537176261474726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261474726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood adversity is very common and strongly linked to poor mental health; globally, 60% of adults report at least one adverse childhood experience. Though evidence in India is limited, multisite data suggest that one in two young adults reports child maltreatment and family-level adversities. This study estimated the prevalence of childhood adversity and examined its association with depression, anxiety, and psychotic-like experiences among young adults in Chennai, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 1,000 college students aged 18-24 years from four colleges in Chennai, India. Childhood adversity was assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire. Depression, anxiety, and psychotic-like experiences were measured using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9, Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences-15. Correlation and multivariable analyses were performed after adjusting for age and gender.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 90.1% reported at least one form of childhood adversity. Physical abuse and emotional neglect were the most common subtypes. Higher childhood trauma scores were significantly associated with higher depression, anxiety, and psychotic-like experience scores. Emotional abuse showed an independent association with depression and anxiety, while physical neglect was significantly associated with psychotic-like experiences.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Childhood adversity is highly prevalent among young adults in this urban Indian setting and strongly associated with multiple forms of psychopathology. Emotional abuse and physical neglect show subtype-specific mental health effects. These findings underscore the importance of early identification and integration of trauma-informed interventions focused on youth mental health to reduce long-term mental health problems.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261474726"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Community Street Play Versus Facility-based Screening for Mental Health Literacy in Rural India: A Mixed-methods Quasi-experimental Study.","authors":"Abhishek Ghosh, Pragyapti Malav, Blessy B George, Manya Shukla, Nagma Imam, Kashish Ranchan, Manju Mehra, Renjith R Pillai, Kshitiz Sharma, Shankar Prinja, Sandeep Bhola, Preet Mohan Singh, Alakjot Kaur, Debasish Basu, Neha Dahiya, Ashoo Grover","doi":"10.1177/02537176261472529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176261472529","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community-based approaches to mental health literacy (MHL), including street theatre, remain underrepresented. No study has compared street play with primary care facility-based screening as parallel MHL strategies. This study evaluated the effectiveness and acceptability of structured street play compared with facility-based screening in rural Punjab, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A mixed-methods quasi-experimental study with two non-randomized arms was conducted across ten primary care facilities in Mohali district. Adults in one block received a single 30-min street play (<i>N</i> = 102); those in the adjacent block underwent structured screening for depression, anxiety, and substance use by a non-specialist nurse using a validated mobile application (<i>N</i> = 100). Mental health knowledge schedule and attitudes to mental illness questionnaire were assessed at baseline and 1-month follow-up. Acceptability was measured using the theoretical framework of acceptability scale. Twelve qualitative interviews guided by the health belief model (HBM) explored participants' experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both arms showed significant improvements in knowledge (<i>F</i> = 9.788, <i>p</i> = .002) and attitudes (<i>F</i> = 4.841, <i>p</i> = .029) at follow-up, with no significant between-arm difference. A significant time × gender interaction (<i>F</i> = 12.262, <i>p</i> = .01) indicated that females who held more stigmatizing views at baseline showed greater attitudinal improvement than males. Post-intervention condition recognition was uniformly high, and acceptability exceeded 90%. Qualitatively, participants recognized susceptibility, severity, and benefits of help-seeking across all six HBM domains, with stigma, structural barriers, and increased self-efficacy reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A single-session street play and facility-based screening produce comparable short-term improvements in MHL, supporting their integration as complementary demand-generation and case-identification strategies within the primary care mental health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261472529"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13486401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148792369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Psychometric Evaluation of Bengali, Hindi, and Kannada Versions of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02537176261478767","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261478767","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/02537176251335095.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"NP2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445338/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148684447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Journal Instructions Are Not Optional: Yet Authors Still Ignore Them\".","authors":"","doi":"10.1177/02537176261474906","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261474906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1177/02537176261455515.].</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"NP1"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13433556/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148673663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Undergraduate Psychiatry Training in India: A Scoping Review of Curricular Models, Stakeholder Perspectives, and Implementation Challenges.","authors":"Partha S Kundu, Sagarika Ray, Amit Kumar Pal, Amit Kumar Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1177/02537176261469899","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261469899","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of the review: </strong>Strengthening undergraduate psychiatry training is important to prepare Indian Medical Graduates to identify and manage common psychiatric conditions. The objective of this review was to map the extent, nature, and characteristics of the evidence on undergraduate psychiatry training in India, with emphasis on curricular models, stakeholder perspectives, assessment practices, and implementation challenges.</p><p><strong>Collection and analysis of data: </strong>This scoping review used the Population-Concept-Context framework and followed established scoping review guidance. PubMed, Web of Science, and OpenAlex were searched from inception to April 7, 2026. Supplementary searching included Google Scholar, hand-searching of key Indian journals, screening of reference lists, and review of relevant regulatory and professional documents. Eligible sources included empirical studies, reviews, curricula, and policy documents on undergraduate psychiatry training in India involving MBBS students and interns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-five reports were included. The evidence showed a shift from a limited time-based curriculum to a more structured competency-based framework under the National Medical Commission. Brief clinical postings and interactive teaching improved knowledge, attitudes, and perceived self-efficacy, but stigma, hidden curriculum effects, and low examination stakes persisted. Assessment practices have diversified, yet psychiatry remains underrepresented in high-stakes summative assessment, creating a certification gap. Major barriers included faculty shortages, infrastructure constraints, and variable institutional support, while faculty development and local curricular innovations emerged as facilitators.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Undergraduate psychiatry training in India is becoming more competency-oriented and pedagogically diverse, but major gaps remain in assessment alignment, prioritization, and implementation capacity.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261469899"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13407681/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148602479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clozapine for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: Redefining Treatment Resistance in Soldiers without Psychosis.","authors":"Roshan Monaragala, Miyuru Chandradasa, K A L A Kuruppuarachchi","doi":"10.1177/02537176261469995","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261469995","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) often follows a chronic trajectory, with many patients failing to respond to first-line psychotherapy and SSRIs/SNRIs. This case series explores clozapine for treatment-resistant PTSD (TR-PTSD) without psychosis. Seven soldiers showed improved function and reduced aggression at doses of 125-300 mg, suggesting that clozapine warrants further investigation.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261469995"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13402456/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148602427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Serum Adiponectin, Sleep Quality, and Health-promoting Lifestyle with Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia.","authors":"Smit Ratilal Makwana, Naresh Nebhinani, Pranshu Singh, Dharamveer Yadav, Akshaya B Raj","doi":"10.1177/02537176261468540","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261468540","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Metabolic syndrome (MS) significantly contributes to premature mortality in schizophrenia, which is driven by multiple biological and behavioral factors. While individual risk factors are known, comprehensive studies examining the combined influence of biological markers (adiponectin) and behavioral factors (sleep, lifestyle) in the Indian context are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional, observational study, 130 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia were assessed for MS using modified National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. We evaluated symptom severity using the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, Sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and lifestyle behaviors using the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile-II. Blood samples were analyzed for serum adiponectin and metabolic profiles to diagnose MS.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The MS rate was 24.6%. Bivariate analyses revealed that patients with MS had a significantly longer time spent in exacerbation (<i>p</i> = .03), a longer treatment duration (<i>p</i> = .01), lower serum adiponectin levels (<i>p</i> = .02), poorer sleep quality (<i>p</i> = .001), and lower physical activity and nutritional habit scores (<i>p</i> = .01). In the multivariable logistic regression model, poorer sleep quality (OR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.06-1.30, <i>p</i> = .002) and a lower physical activity and nutritional habit score (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.86-0.98, <i>p</i> = .01) emerged as significant predictors of MS.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>One-fourth of the patients with schizophrenia had MS in this cohort. Notably, modifiable behavioral factors-specifically sleep quality and lifestyle-were stronger predictors of metabolic risk. This signifies the vital need to integrate routine screening for cardiometabolic risk factors and to apply therapeutic strategies into the standard of care for schizophrenia.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261468540"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391972/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Effectiveness of Binaural Beats in Reducing Anxiety in Alcohol Withdrawal Patients: A Single-group Pre-post Interventional Study\".","authors":"Omar Afroz, Raja Babu Ramawat","doi":"10.1177/02537176261468210","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261468210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261468210"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to: Comments on \"Effectiveness of Binaural Beats in Reducing Anxiety in Alcohol Withdrawal Patients: A Single-group Pre-post Interventional Study\".","authors":"Prithiviraj R, Meinaakshi Coumaravelou, Arun Selvaraj, Souganya Vijayan, Reenaa Mohan","doi":"10.1177/02537176261468217","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261468217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261468217"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148678407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A General, Simple, and Robust Scoring Mechanism for Scales Measuring Latent Variables.","authors":"Mohamad Adam Bujang","doi":"10.1177/02537176261470158","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176261470158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Latent variables, such as depression and anxiety, are measured using questionnaires, making appropriate scoring essential. This article examines the Standardized Index Score (0-100), a simple equal weighting method widely used with Likert scales. It discusses the method's rationale, applications, advantages, and limitations for psychological measurement and scale development.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176261470158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13391968/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148578546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}