Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Methylphenidate and the Paradox of Sedation: A Case Report.","authors":"Ravi Yadav, Bhavuk Garg","doi":"10.1177/02537176251332231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251332231","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251332231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12018690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143978097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Study Protocol of Primary Prevention Interventions for Substance Use and Suicide Prevention Among Youth in Kashmir: Development, Administration, and Evaluation.","authors":"Aadil Bashir, Misbah Rafiq, Triptish Bhatia","doi":"10.1177/02537176251329473","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251329473","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Given the unique geopolitical positioning of Kashmir and its susceptibility to addiction and suicide, we present a protocol study that aims to design culturally tailored primary prevention for youth in Kashmir.</p><p><strong>Novelty: </strong>This study is the first attempt in the region to design and test a culturally tailored primary prevention intervention for youth mental health in Kashmir.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>It aims to design culturally tailored primary prevention for youth in Kashmir and test it on the high-risk population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study has three stages. (a) estimating risk factors for substance-use disorders (SUDs) and suicide in Kashmir among youth (16-24 years of age), (b) adapting an existing primary prevention intervention and psycho-social interventions to the culture-specific risk factors operating in Kashmir, (c) screening the at-risk youth in schools and colleges, (d) selecting suitable sample for pre/post-evaluation design, (e) administering a culturally-tailored primary-prevention intervention to the selected sample, and (f) evaluating the outcome variables which include parameters of symptom reduction and improved well-being. Data shall be analyzed utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods. Risk factors will be estimated using thematic analysis. A culturally tailored primary prevention intervention will be designed by adapting an existing dialectical behavioral therapy skill training module to the Kashmir context. The effectiveness of the designed intervention will be evaluated through pre-and post-tests.</p><p><strong>Expected outcomes: </strong>The study will provide a solid foundation for the mental health curriculum in schools and colleges. It is expected to reduce the number of mental disorders and contribute to a sustainable, mentally healthy Kashmir.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251329473"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014575/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental Health at the Margins: The Need for an Intersectional Approach for Inclusive Mental Health Care in India.","authors":"Sreya Mariyam Salim, Miller Am, Jithin Thekkelkuthiyathottil Joseph","doi":"10.1177/02537176251332006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251332006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251332006"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12014578/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gastrointestinal Manifestations and Associated Comorbidities in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Cross-sectional Analysis from South India.","authors":"Nishant Prabhakaran, Sruthy Jestine, Suhas Chandran, Lakshmi Shiva, Ann Maria Moncy","doi":"10.1177/02537176251331152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251331152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms are frequently reported in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may significantly impact behavior, sleep, adaptive functioning, and the severity of autism. This study aims to explore the relationship between GI symptoms and these factors in children with ASD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We investigated 96 children and adolescents with ASD aged 3-18 years attending an autism clinic in South India. Parents were interviewed using a semi-structured proforma that gathered information on GI symptoms, sociodemographic details, medical history, and treatment history. Behavioral problems were assessed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-2 (SDQ-2), ASD severity was measured using the Indian Scale for Assessment of Autism (ISAA), and sleep issues were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) for autism. Statistical analyses were conducted to determine the predictive value of assessment scores on GI symptoms in two groups: (a) those with mild to moderate ASD and (b) participants aged less than or equal to six years versus more than six years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Constipation and dietary problems were the most commonly reported (82.29%), followed by dyspepsia and reflux (44.79%), pica (36.46%), abdominal pain (26.04%), and diarrhea (14.58%). Holding all other predictor variables constant, constipation increased by 20% (odds ratio [OR] = 1.201) for unit increases in speech-language communication scores. Abdominal pain decreased by 24.5% (OR = 0.755) for unit increases in peer problems scores. Excessive flatulence decreased by 64.2% (OR = 0.358) for unit increases in conduct problems score. Finally, pica was found to increase by 23.2% (OR = 1.232) for unit increases in the sensory patterns score.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The GI symptoms can negatively impact sleep and behavior in children with ASD, spotlighting the importance of routine GI screening in this population. Clinicians should be particularly vigilant in cases where symptoms suggest a higher likelihood of GI issues to enhance the quality of care for children with ASD.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251331152"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12006118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144018504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Referral Patterns, Pathways to Care, Symptom Profile, and Diagnoses of Children Attending a Child Psychiatry Unit in South India: A Retrospective Chart Review.","authors":"Rashmi Vishwanath, Jithin Thekkelkuthiyathottil Joseph, Avinash G Kamath, Samir Kumar Praharaj","doi":"10.1177/02537176251322092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251322092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Childhood mental disorders are a major global concern, particularly in India. Despite efforts to establish child psychiatry services, the treatment gap persists. This study investigates referral patterns, pathways to care, and diagnostic trends among children attending a child psychiatry unit (CPU).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective chart review (2017-2022) was conducted at the CPU of Kasturba Medical College, Manipal. Two investigators analyzed 1,046 files, extracting data on demographics, pathways to care, reasons for referral, and diagnoses. Inter-rater reliability was confirmed, and associations between pathways to care, diagnosis, and demographics were examined.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included children with a mean age of 11.2 years, predominantly male (63.2%). Most children (97.5%) first sought care from a healthcare provider, with 29.3% consulting mental health professionals (MHPs) and 59.6% visiting medical specialists. Primary reasons for referral included behavioral disturbances, emotional disturbances, and academic decline. Common primary diagnoses were attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (16.5%), mental retardation (14.7%), and pervasive developmental disorder (12.6%). Significant associations were found between pathways to care and diagnosis (<i>P</i> = .001), as well as between gender and both referral reasons (<i>P</i> < .001) and diagnoses (<i>P</i> < .001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study provides insights into the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with mental health problems in India. The medical model of care pathways is a positive shift, and these findings can guide gender- and culture-sensitive service planning, optimize resource allocation, and inform future research in child psychiatry.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251322092"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999983/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drug-induced Acute Dyskinesia-Risperidone and Tramadol Interaction: A Case Report.","authors":"Manova Sam Shalin Vr, Maikandaan Cj, Pradeep R, Vaishali S, Kanmani Vk","doi":"10.1177/02537176251329544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251329544","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251329544"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11999994/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychiatric Emergencies in Children and Adolescents: A Comprehensive Profile and Short-term Outcome Evaluation in a Prospective Follow-up Study.","authors":"Prasanna Kumar N, Lakshmi Sravanti, John Vijay Sagar Kommu, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Shekhar Seshadri, Satish Chandra Girimaji","doi":"10.1177/02537176251329515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251329515","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emergency psychiatry services play a critical role in providing essential care for children and adolescents with mental health concerns, yet research in this field, especially in India, is limited. Our study aims to address this gap by investigating the demographic and clinical characteristics and short-term outcomes of children and adolescents accessing emergency psychiatric care at our tertiary care center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included children and adolescents aged 3-18 who presented with psychiatric disorders to emergency services. All cases were assessed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) criteria, the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, and the Children's Global Assessment Scale (CGAS). Follow-ups were done at three weeks and three months. The Shapiro-Wilk test assessed normality, followed by parametric or nonparametric tests as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the sample was 14.8 (standard deviation [SD]: 2.5) years, with boys comprising 57.1% and girls 42.9%. Most visits to emergency services occurred between 1 PM and 6 PM. The most common diagnoses were bipolar affective disorder (23.2%) and conversion/functional neurological symptom disorder (23.2%). Lorazepam and clonazepam were the most commonly prescribed medications at first visit (baseline). At first follow-up (3 weeks), a significant proportion (41.1%) was admitted as inpatients. Olanzapine was the most common drug prescribed during follow-up visits. The CGI scores decreased, while CGAS scores increased, reflecting improved functioning.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The significant improvement in CGI and CGAS scores over follow-ups demonstrates the effectiveness of crisis intervention and pharmacotherapy in stabilizing clinical severity and enhancing functioning in the short term.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251329515"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11994642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144014784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recurrent Syncope Secondary to High-dose Loperamide Dependence in a Patient with Bipolar Disorder: A Case Report.","authors":"Syna Bashir, Fazle Roub, Yasir Hassan Rather","doi":"10.1177/02537176251329405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176251329405","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251329405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11994626/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144003806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Specific Learning Disability: Ten Challenges and Ten Recommendations in Current Indian Context.","authors":"Ashlyn Tom, Rajendra Kiragasur Madegowda, Narayana Manjunatha, Channaveerachari Naveen Kumar, Suresh Bada Math","doi":"10.1177/02537176251326108","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251326108","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251326108"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11966623/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the Patterns of Recreational Polysubstance Use and Executive Functions in Indian Young Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Deeksha Parthsarthy, Prakat Karki, Madhavi Rangaswamy","doi":"10.1177/02537176251325280","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176251325280","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substance use is a serious public health concern and young adults in India often use multiple substances, often together. There is a dearth of research examining this and its neuropsychological consequences. Polysubstance use (PSU) usually indicates higher chances of dependence and negative outcomes. This study aims to describe the patterns of PSU and associated executive function profiles in a sample of young adults in India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-four participants aged 18-25 years filled out a self-report questionnaire on PSU, for lifetime and current use of seven classes of substances. Thirty-four participants also performed four executive functions (Flexibility, Inhibition, Working Memory, and Planning). A descriptive analysis was used to identify patterns of PSU and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare the executive functions between three groups of substance users with nonusers.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three patterns of PSU were identified in our sample: simultaneous (16.3%), concurrent (37.2%), and mixed (46.5%) patterns of use. Simultaneous and concurrent users reported the most commonly used substance combinations (alcohol/nicotine/cannabis). Performance on executive function tasks was compared among the different groups of substance users and nonusers. Executive function assessments revealed deficits in simultaneous users for inhibition (most errors) and planning (most number of moves) compared to other groups. Concurrent users had the lowest accuracy for the two-back visual working memory.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this small sample study suggest executive function deficits are more common in simultaneous users and underscore the need for more research to examine the synergistic effects of substances on cognition and executive functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"02537176251325280"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11962927/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143780041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}