Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Narrative Review of Paraphilias: An Indian Perspective","authors":"Manish Roshan Thakur, Ravi Yadav, Rajvardhan Singh Bhanwar","doi":"10.1177/02537176241256885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241256885","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Paraphilias, encompassing a diverse range of atypical sexual interests and behaviors, have been a subject of profound interest and scrutiny throughout history. These sexual interests are a matter of debate with the changing society and also with the changing world view. The rise in awareness about abnormal sexual interests also poses difficulty in adding to the existing list.Objectives:This article aims to provide a comprehensive exploration of the historical underpinnings, current diagnostic criteria, legal considerations in India, and treatment approaches available for paraphilias.Methodology:Electronic searches were done on PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Search term included were “paraphilias,” “history,” “nosology,” “legislation,” “law,” “treatment guidelines,” and “treatment recommendations” in various combinations. An independent online search was also conducted for historical and legal aspects of India.Results:The classification and understanding of paraphilias have evolved over time, with some being removed from criminalized groups and laws and legislation changing based on societal norms. ICD and DSM have become more structured, but need constant updating. India's laws need to be more specific and streamlined, and guidelines have not been assessed for effectiveness. Paraphilias has been treated as a foster child in psychiatry, raising concerns about treatment options.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood Trauma, Emotional Regulation, Alexithymia, and Psychological Symptoms Among Adolescents: A Mediational Analysis","authors":"Prerna Sharma, Mahadev Singh Sen, Uday Kumar Sinha, Deepak Kumar","doi":"10.1177/02537176241258251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241258251","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Adolescents’ mental health is influenced by childhood trauma, emotional regulation, and psychological symptoms. This study aimed to explore these interconnections among adolescents attending a child and adolescent clinic.Method:Adolescents aged 13-19 from a city were recruited through purposive sampling. Data were collected using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20. Adolescents with severe mental or physical illnesses were excluded.Results:A total of 100 participants were recruited aged 13-19. The CTQ scores positively correlated with DERS Scores ( r = 0.246, P &lt; .05) and Internalizing scores ( r = 0.325, P &lt; .01). DERS Scores strongly correlated with alexithymia ( r = 0.624, P &lt; .001) and Internalizing scores( r = 0.556, P &lt; .001). Regression analyses revealed CTQ, Alexithymia, and DERS scores significantly predicted Internalizing scores ( R<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> = 0.37). Mediation analysis showed that emotional regulation partially mediated the relationship between child trauma and Internalizing scores ( B = 0.059, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.011 to 0.133, t = 1.92, P = .01), as well as the relationship between Alexithymia and Internalizing scores( B = 0.255, 95% CI = 0.129 to 0.465, t = 3.31, P &lt; .001).Conclusion:Findings highlight the importance of emotional regulation as a mediator in the connections between childhood trauma, alexithymia, and psychological symptoms among adolescents. This complementary mediation underscores the dual impact of direct and indirect effects on psychological well-being. The findings reveal intricate links between childhood trauma, emotional regulation, and alexithymia in adolescents with psychological symptoms. Emotional regulation proved to have a pivotal role in influencing psychological well-being. These results emphasize the importance of considering emotional regulation when assessing and maintaining mental health in adolescents, further contributing to understanding treatment needs.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspectives on the Journey Through the Early Exposure Psychiatry Enrichment Program 2023","authors":"Adityaraj Patidar, Debprosit Karmakar, Kanishka Tenguriya, Snehil Gupta","doi":"10.1177/02537176241261196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241261196","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemsex and Beyond: A Study of Factors Associated with Substance Use Among Men Who Have Sex with Men and Transgender Women in Southern Vietnam to Develop Informed HIV and STI Prevention and Intervention Programs","authors":"Vu Thi Tuong Vi, Vo Van Tam, Le Huynh Thi Cam Hong, Nguyen Viet Ngoc, Nguyen Thi Ngoc Diep, Nguyen Nhu Trang, Kevin P. Mulvey, Do Van Dung, Yatan Pal Singh Balhara","doi":"10.1177/02537176241258715","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241258715","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Amphetamine-type stimulant (ATS) use is a major public health concern among men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in communities worldwide and in Vietnam.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1000 adult MSM and TGW from 9 community-based organizations in southern Vietnam from March to August 2019. Data on demographics, sexual behaviors, STIs, HIV infection, and substance use were collected with a self-administered questionnaire including the ASSIST tool. Blood and urine samples were collected for HIV and ATS testing.Results:The prevalence of lifetime ATS use in the previous three months was 50.5% and 49.4%, respectively. Multivariable analyses showed that ATS use was significantly associated with sex with a transactional partner (aOR [29] = 3.06, 95% CI = 2.13–4.39) who engaged in sex and got paid for it (aOR = 2.78, 95% CI = 1.64–4.73), and purchasing sex (aOR = 2.34, 95% CI = 1.06–5.16). The role in sex with a partner with significant association was ‘insertive and receptive equally vs. insertive only’ (aOR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.14–2.76).Conclusion:ATS use is associated with many sexual behaviors that could be associated with an increased risk of HIV transmission among MSM and TGW populations.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solution-focused Brief Psychological Intervention in Alteration of Compulsive Buying Behavior in an Individual with Compulsive Buying Disorder: A Case Report","authors":"Trusha Shanbhag, Debaleena Ghosh, Priyanka Lenka","doi":"10.1177/02537176241259709","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241259709","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Compulsive buying (CB) presents itself with uncontrollable or excessive urges and preoccupations with behaviors related to spending money that have detrimental consequences. Compulsive buying disorder (CBD) can result in remorse and regret over purchases, guilt, shame, issues with finances, and interpersonal difficulties. Despite the growing understanding of the phenomenology of CBD, only some evidence-based therapies have been developed that cater to the concerns within a limited time frame.Aim:This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of solution-focused brief therapy for CBD.Methods:This study explored compulsive buying behavior (CBB) and evaluated the clinical effectiveness of a single case intervention study of a 21-year-old male with a CBD. The patient was assessed using the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale for Compulsive Buying (Y-BOCS). The data were collected at baseline, treatment termination, and follow-up. The intervention was initiated in October 2022 and continued for two weeks. The intervention was conducted in three phases: psychoeducation, goal setting, solution-building, and relapse prevention.Results:The data analysis showed a decrease in scores on CB between baseline (24), treatment termination (8), and one-year follow-up (4), indicating a significant reduction in the symptoms.Conclusion:The study results suggested the clinical relevance of solution-focused brief therapy for the treatment of CB in obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). Future studies are needed to develop therapy guidelines for solution-focused brief therapy as a medium of intervention for treating OCD. It is important to establish the effectiveness of a larger sample or case series on a clinically adequate sample size.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Qualitative Study on Lived Experiences of Psychotherapists Working with Trauma","authors":"Tanmayee Baruah, Soma Pramanik, Deepshikha Ray","doi":"10.1177/02537176241260849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241260849","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Psychotherapists, while treating clients with a history of traumatic experiences, are exposed to vicarious trauma, which affects their mental health as well as their quality of caregiving. The present research tries to gain an insight into the lived experiences of psychotherapists while treating clients with traumatic experiences.Methods:In-depth individual interviews were conducted with five psychotherapists (two males and three females) with a minimum duration of continuous professional practice of 3.5 years and all of them above 30 years of age. The interviews were conducted for 30–45 minutes and recorded after taking informed consent from the participants. The data was analyzed and interpreted using the interpretative phenomenological analysis. Investigator triangulation was done to ensure the trustworthiness of the research.Results:The analysis reveals that the participants have experienced vicarious trauma from their therapeutic interaction with their clients on their traumatic issues, particularly during the initial phases of their career as a psychotherapist. Some of them feel that such experiences, despite being distressing, have also empowered them psychologically. The participants have reported using constructive coping strategies to deal with such vicarious trauma, such as emotional distancing, journaling, seeking personal therapy and social support, reading, physical exercise, and self-care activities.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141881070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial Intelligence for Psychotherapy: A Review of the Current State and Future Directions","authors":"Mirza Jahanzeb Beg, Mohit Verma, Vishvak Chanthar K. M. M., Manish Kumar Verma","doi":"10.1177/02537176241260819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241260819","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Psychotherapy is crucial for addressing mental health issues but is often limited by accessibility and quality. Artificial intelligence (AI) offers innovative solutions, such as automated systems for increased availability and personalized treatments to improve psychotherapy. Nonetheless, ethical concerns about AI integration in mental health care remain.Aim:This narrative review explores the literature on AI applications in psychotherapy, focusing on their mechanisms, effectiveness, and ethical implications, particularly for depressive and anxiety disorders.Methods:A review was conducted, spanning studies from January 2009 to December 2023, focusing on empirical evidence of AI’s impact on psychotherapy. Following PRISMA guidelines, the authors independently screened and selected relevant articles. The analysis of 28 studies provided a comprehensive understanding of AI’s role in the field.Results:The results suggest that AI can enhance psychotherapy interventions for people with anxiety and depression, especially chatbots and internet-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. However, to achieve optimal outcomes, the ethical integration of AI necessitates resolving concerns about privacy, trust, and interaction between humans and AI.Conclusion:The study emphasizes the potential of AI-powered cognitive-behavioral therapy and conversational chatbots to address symptoms of anxiety and depression effectively. The article highlights the importance of cautiously integrating AI into mental health services, considering privacy, trust, and the relationship between humans and AI. This integration should prioritize patient well-being and assist mental health professionals while also considering ethical considerations and the prospective benefits of AI.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141872569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Balancing Regulation and Autonomy: NCAHP Act and the Psychology Profession in India.","authors":"Chinchu C","doi":"10.1177/02537176231179920","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176231179920","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41873824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technology-based Interventions to Reduce the Treatment Gap for Common Perinatal Mental Disorders in Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs): Challenges and the Way Forward.","authors":"Arpana Pokharel, Rodrigo Ramalho, Bipul Kumar Das, Lungan Rongmei, Chonnakarn Jatchavala, Ahmet Gürcan, Ramdas Ransing","doi":"10.1177/02537176231225649","DOIUrl":"10.1177/02537176231225649","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11268284/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141758481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers to Seek Professional Help for Mental Health Scale: Development and Psychometric Validation","authors":"Prachi Sanghvi, Seema Mehrotra, Sumit Kumar Das, Manoj Kumar Sharma","doi":"10.1177/02537176241256480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/02537176241256480","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Mental health conditions are highly prevalent, and both supply- and demand-side factors drive a high treatment gap. There is a dearth of socio-culturally appropriate measures to assess barriers to professional help-seeking in distressed non-treatment seekers. This study aimed to develop and validate the Barriers to Seek Professional Help for Mental Health Scale for distressed, non-treatment-seeking young adults experiencing common mental health concerns in the Indian context.Methods:The study was conducted in three phases: Phase I: development of initial measure; Phase II: scale try-out ( N = 190); and Phase III: validating the factor structure ( N = 172). Distressed, non-treatment-seeking young adults (20–35 years old) were recruited for the present study. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was used to identify the factor structure, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to validate it.Results:EFA showed that a five-factor structure best fits the data, namely, stigma and minimization, instrumental barriers, problem perception, self-efficacy in service utilization, and negative service expectancies. CFA revealed that the model was a reasonably good fit. The scale was finalized into a 24-item measure. Internal consistency reliabilities of the scale and subscales were satisfactory. Correlation patterns of barriers subscales with help negation, help-seeking inclination, and distress support its convergent validity.Conclusion:The Barriers to Seek Professional Help for Mental Health Scale was developed, and preliminary evidence supports its reliability, construct, and convergent validity. The scale could prove valuable for assessing barriers to seeking professional help for mental health in the Indian context, developing help-seeking interventions, and examining their effectiveness in increasing the uptake of mental health services.","PeriodicalId":13476,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141506632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}