Executive Dysfunction and Working Memory in Borderline Personality Disorder and Their Association with Impulsivity and Self-injurious Behavior: A Cross-sectional Study.

IF 2 Q3 PSYCHIATRY

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-15 DOI:10.1177/02537176251364096

S Shankar, J Shyamprakash, K S Ravishankar, M Mohamed Ilyas Rahamathulla

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) features impulsivity, emotional dysregulation, and self-injurious behaviors (SIB). Cognitive deficits, such as executive dysfunction (ED) and working memory (WM) impairments, may drive these symptoms, yet their roles remain underexplored. This study examined relationships among ED, WM, impulsivity, and SIB in BPD to identify cognitive predictors of these behaviors.

Methods: This cross-sectional study assessed 30 individuals with BPD per DSM-5 criteria. Participants completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS-11) for impulsivity, Deliberate Self-Harm Inventory (DSHI) for SIB, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) for ED, and Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) task for WM. Spearman's correlations and regression analyses evaluated associations between cognitive deficits, impulsivity, and SIB.

Results: Elevated impulsivity was linked to more WCST perseverative errors (ρ = 0.45, p = .02) and lower LNS scores (ρ = -0.38, p = .04). SIB correlated with ED (ρ = 0.41, p = .03) but not WM (ρ = -0.20, p > .05). High-impulsivity participants had greater WCST errors (median = 20 vs. 11, H = 8.12, p < .05) and lower LNS scores (median = 6 vs. 10, H = 7.33, p < .05) than low-impulsivity peers. Regression confirmed BIS-11 scores predicted WCST errors (β = 0.40, p < .01) and LNS performance (β = -0.35, p < .05).

Conclusions: The ED and WM impairments were linked to impulsivity, with ED also tied to SIB. Cognitive remediation may reduce these behaviors. Lacking a control group, longitudinal research is needed.

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边缘型人格障碍的执行功能障碍和工作记忆及其与冲动和自伤行为的关系：一项横断面研究。

背景：边缘型人格障碍（BPD）以冲动、情绪失调和自残行为（SIB）为特征。认知缺陷，如执行功能障碍（ED）和工作记忆（WM）损伤，可能导致这些症状，但它们的作用尚未得到充分研究。本研究考察了BPD患者ED、WM、冲动性和SIB之间的关系，以确定这些行为的认知预测因素。方法：本横断面研究根据DSM-5标准评估了30例BPD患者。被试完成了Barratt冲动性量表（BIS-11）、SIB的故意自我伤害量表（DSHI）、ED的威斯康星卡片分类测验（WCST）和WM的字母数字排序（LNS）任务。斯皮尔曼的相关性和回归分析评估了认知缺陷、冲动和SIB之间的联系。结果：冲动性升高与更多的WCST持续性错误（ρ = 0.45, p = 0.02）和较低的LNS评分（ρ = -0.38, p = 0.04）有关。SIB与ED相关（ρ = 0.41, p = 0.03），而与WM无关（ρ = -0.20, p = 0.05）。高冲动性的参与者比低冲动性的参与者有更大的WCST错误（中位数= 20比11，H = 8.12, p < 0.05）和更低的LNS得分（中位数= 6比10，H = 7.33, p < 0.05）。回归证实BIS-11评分预测WCST误差（β = 0.40, p < 0.01）和LNS表现（β = -0.35, p < 0.05）。结论：ED和WM损伤与冲动性有关，ED也与SIB有关。认知补救可能会减少这些行为。由于缺乏对照组，需要进行纵向研究。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine PSYCHOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

7.10%

发文量

116

审稿时长

12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine (ISSN 0253-7176) was started in 1978 as the official publication of the Indian Psychiatric Society South Zonal Branch. The journal allows free access (Open Access) and is published Bimonthly. The Journal includes but is not limited to review articles, original research, opinions, and letters. The Editor and publisher accept no legal responsibility for any opinions, omissions or errors by the authors, nor do they approve of any product advertised within the journal.